Fire, Volume 7, Issue 4

With the development of image processing technology and video analysis technology, forest fire monitoring technology based on video recognition is more and more important in the field of forest fire prevention and control. The objects currently appli...

Complying with strict PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 limit values poses challenges in many European regions, influenced by diverse factors such as natural, regional, and local anthropogenic sources. Urban air pollution, exacerbated by road transport, local industry,...

Considering that the determination of fire hazard zones in warehouses is not sufficiently researched and studied, this paper aims to present a new methodological approach concerning the mentioned issue. Based on the COPRAS multi-criteria decision-mak...

Many plant species are well-adapted to historical fire regimes. An increase in the severity, frequency, and extent of wildfires could compromise the regenerative capacity of species, resulting in permanent shifts in plant diversity. We surveyed extan...

In order to evaluate the damage to tunnel cables caused by fire caused by leakage of transformer oil into a cable channel, the fire characteristics of different volumes of transformer oil flowing into a cable channel were analyzed by numerical simula...

Flowability greatly affects the application of ultrafine dry powder fire extinguishing systems, while hydrophobicity and acute inhalation toxicity are concerns for fire extinguishing agents. In the present study, we examined the impact of hydrophobic...

Forest ecosystem attributes and their spatial variation across the landscape have the potential to subsequently influence variations in fire behavior. Understanding this variation is critical to fire managers in their ability to predict fire behavior...

Extreme forest fires have historically been a significant concern in Canada, the Russian Federation, the USA, and now pose an increasing threat in boreal Europe. This paper deals with application of the wildFire cLimate impacts and Adaptation Model (...

In order to evaluate the risk of transmission line tripping due to wildfires, it is necessary to predict the breakdown voltage of the insulation gap under the flame. Firstly, this paper studies the breakdown prediction of rod–plane gaps under t...

The reduction in the effective dose of evacuated injured persons through contaminated areas of nuclear accidents is an essential emergency services requirement. In this context, there appeared a need to develop a dose-optimised route finding method f...

Wildfire is one of the most severe natural disasters globally, profoundly affecting natural ecology, economy, and health and safety. Precisely predicting the spread of wildfires has become an important research topic. Current fire spread prediction m...

Wildland fires negatively impact forest biodiversity and human lives. They also spread very rapidly. Early detection of smoke and fires plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency of firefighting operations. Deep learning techniques are used to...

Explosions of hybrid mixtures are an interesting theoretical and experimental problem in explosion sciences, because they combine the physicochemical properties of flammable gases and dusts. A hybrid mixture is composed of at least two substances in...

“Anti-stripping Agents” or “adhesion promoters” can enhance the chemical affinity between asphalt and aggregate by increasing their mutual attraction. Various forms of anti-stripping agents have been proposed to mitigate pavem...

The mass loss mechanisms of an aqueous film-forming foam (AF foam), an AR/AFFF water-soluble film-forming foam extinguishing agent (AR foam), and a Class A foam extinguishing agent (A foam) at different levels of thermal radiation, thermal convection...

To achieve successful prevention of fire incidents originating from human activities, it is imperative to possess a thorough understanding. This paper introduces a machine learning approach, specifically utilizing deep neural networks (DNN), to devel...

Viewed as a significant natural disaster, wildfires present a serious threat to human communities, wildlife, and forest ecosystems. The frequency of wildfire occurrences has increased recently, with the impacts of global warming and human interaction...

Fire suppression and climate change have increased the frequency and severity of wildfires, but the responses of many organisms to wildfire are still largely unknown. In this study, we assessed the risk of habitat loss for amphibians, mammals, and re...

The increase in both the frequency and magnitude of natural disasters, coupled with recent advancements in artificial intelligence, has introduced prospects for investigating the potential of new technologies to facilitate disaster response processes...

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with RGB, multispectral, or thermal cameras have demonstrated their potential to provide high-resolution data before, during, and after wildfires and prescribed burns. Pre-burn point clouds generated through t...

This study focuses on constructions that are vulnerable to fire hazards during wildfire events, and these constructions are known as ‘exposures’, which are an increasingly significant area of disaster research. A key challenge lies in est...

Fire regimes have shaped extant vegetation communities, and subsequently fuel arrays, in fire-prone landscapes. Understanding how resilient fuel arrays are to fire regime attributes will be key for future fire management actions, given global fire re...

In this study, an ecological framework was developed to sort out the existing forest fire prevention techniques. The subsequent analysis involved comparing the ecological values and application prospects of these techniques developed in different tim...

Coastal mallee shrubland wildfires present challenges for accurately predicting fire spread sustainability and rate of spread. In this study, we assess the fuel drivers contributing to coastal mallee shrubland fires. A review of shrubland fire behavi...

Wildfires are a natural part of the dynamics of Mediterranean forest ecosystems. The fire patterns in the Mediterranean basin have been altered mainly due to changes in land use and climate change. In 2017, a wildfire in Yeste (Spain) burned 3200 hec...

Compatible model systems were developed for estimating fuel load dynamics in Ulex europaeus (gorse) and in Erica australis (Spanish heath) dominated shrub communities at stand level. The models were based on intensive, detailed destructive field samp...

We investigated the influence of fire severity, logging of burnt wood, local ecological factors and their interaction on the natural regeneration, survival and growth of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.), following a fire that took place in 2005. D...

The urban utility tunnel is an indispensable part of modern engineering construction. However, the fire risk cannot be ignored due to the narrow space and limited ventilation of the utility tunnel. A study of smoke filling is performed in a 1/8-scale...

This study explores the relationship between wildfire exposure, social vulnerability, and community resilience across the 26 states east of the Mississippi River. This work centers around one research question: are there spatial differences in wildfi...

Air pollutants from biomass burning, including forest fires and agricultural trash burning, have contributed significantly to the pollution of the Asian atmosphere. Burned area estimates are variable, making it difficult to measure these emissions. I...

Most current surface fire simulators rely upon Rothermel’s model, which considers the local properties of fuel, topography, and meteorology to estimate the rate of spread, and utilises the concept of elliptical growth to predict the evolution o...

The main population of ~5000 threatened Gunnison sage-grouse (GUSG; Centrocercus minimus) in Colorado depends on sagebrush plants that are killed by wildfires, with recovery taking decades, so frequent fire is a threat, but did it occur historically?...

The primary concerns for individuals using lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are aging and thermal runaway (TR). This paper focuses on the thermal runaway propagation (TRP) of cycling aged LIB modules. The impacts of state of charge (SOC), state of health...

The current energy policy targets reducing energy dependence and minimizing pollutant emissions. Therefore, with the growing interest in using biomass as an alternative energy source, conducting scientific studies on its behavior and optimizing the r...

In semi-transparent polymers, ignition is not only dependent on conductive thermal transfer into the material but also on in-depth absorption of the radiation. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of bubbling on the thermo-physical a...

In this paper, the firing process and structural failure behavior of outdoor mechanical car parks are innovatively investigated under diverse conditions, leveraging fire experiments, FDS fire simulation, and finite element simulation. The fire experi...

The state of meadow vegetation in areas with different ages of experimental spring burnout (from 1 to 12 years ago) was studied in the Tomsk region for 3 years. On experimental plots of 1 m² and 100 m² (small- and middle-scale levels, respectively),...

This article focuses on using machine learning to predict the distance at which a chemical storage tank fire reaches a specified thermal radiation intensity. DNV’s Process Hazard Analysis Software Tool (PHAST) is used to simulate different scen...

The Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI) is the main measure used in Australia for estimating fire risk. Recent work by the authors showed that the FFDI forms stable state regimes, nominated as fire climate regimes. These regimes shifted to greater intens...

Prescribed burning is a management tool commonly used in forested ecosystems in the southeastern United States, but the influence of this method on grassland vegetation and wildlife in this geographic region is unknown. During 2009–2015, we con...

Lightning is responsible for the most area annually burned by wildfires in the extratropical region of the Northern Hemisphere. Hence, predicting the occurrence of wildfires requires reliable forecasting of the chance of cloud-to-ground lightning str...

This paper explores the temperature distribution (TD) and maximum temperature (MT) below the ceiling induced by the ceiling jet of an asymmetric dual fire sources in a naturally ventilated tunnel. Considering strong plumes, this study investigates th...

Central Europe is not a typical wildfire region; however, an increasingly warm and dry climate and model-based projections indicate that the number of forest fires are increasing. This study provides new insights into the drivers of forest fire occur...

In South Korea, the need to link fire and evacuation simulations to compare the available safety egress time (ASET) and required safety egress time (RSET) in real time when implementing performance-based design in buildings is increasing. Accordingly...

Accurate prediction of the coal spontaneous combustion hazard grades is of great significance to ensure the safe production of coal mines. However, traditional coal temperature prediction models have low accuracy and do not predict the coal spontaneo...

This study investigated the fuel potential and combustion behavior of hydrochars derived from a unique precursor: Carthamus pomace. Initially, the hydrothermal carbonization process of this novel feedstock was examined across various temperature rang...

During the process of coal spontaneous combustion (CSC), a plethora of combustible gases alongside inert gases, such as CO₂, are copiously generated. However, prior investigations have regrettably overlooked the pivotal influence of inert gas product...

Fire chemical sensing for indoor detection of fire plays an essential role because it can detect chemical volatiles before smoke particles, providing a faster and more reliable method for early fire detection. A thermal imaging camera and seven disti...

Since Euro-American settlement and associated fire exclusion, grasslands and open forests have converted to forests throughout the United States. Contributing to the weight of evidence, we determined if forestation also occurred in forests and grassl...