Skip to Content

Geosciences, Volume 9, Issue 12

2019 December - 36 articles

Cover Story: Sea ice has undergone dramatic change in recent decades. However, our understanding of sea ice variability is limited to the satellite era (post-1970), making it hard to place recent trends in context or benchmark future changes. Paleoclimate archives, from marine sediments and ice cores, provide a means of reconstructing sea ice conditions over a range of timescales. Here, we review the marine and atmospheric sea ice proxies used to reconstruct Antarctic sea ice over the past 2000 years and explore how the marine and ice core records could be combined to increase our spatial and temporal coverage. View this paper.
  • Issues are regarded as officially published after their release is announced to the table of contents alert mailing list .
  • You may sign up for email alerts to receive table of contents of newly released issues.
  • PDF is the official format for papers published in both, html and pdf forms. To view the papers in pdf format, click on the "PDF Full-text" link, and use the free Adobe Reader to open them.

Articles (36)

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
5,849 Views
5 Pages

17 December 2019

2I/Borisov is the second ever interstellar object (ISO). It is very different from the first ISO ’Oumuamua by showing cometary activities, and hence provides a unique opportunity to study comets that are formed around other stars. Here we present ear...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,327 Views
25 Pages

17 December 2019

Sedimentary basins are near-planetary scale stratigraphic-structural-thermochemical reactors that produce a cornucopia of organic and inorganic resources. The scale over which fluid movements coordinate in basins and the broad mix of processes involv...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
3,079 Views
9 Pages

17 December 2019

Cretaciella sorianoae gen. et sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Leiodidae, Cholevinae, Oritocatopini) from Albian amber of the Escucha Formation (Alava, Spain) is described and illustrated. This is the first species of Leiodidae from Alava amber and the first Ch...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
6,236 Views
23 Pages

Results from the First Phase of the Seafloor Backscatter Processing Software Inter-Comparison Project

  • Mashkoor Malik,
  • Alexandre C. G. Schimel,
  • Giuseppe Masetti,
  • Marc Roche,
  • Julian Le Deunf,
  • Margaret F.J. Dolan,
  • Jonathan Beaudoin,
  • Jean-Marie Augustin,
  • Travis Hamilton and
  • Iain Parnum

16 December 2019

Seafloor backscatter mosaics are now routinely produced from multibeam echosounder data and used in a wide range of marine applications. However, large differences (>5 dB) can often be observed between the mosaics produced by different software pa...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
6 Citations
6,734 Views
4 Pages

16 December 2019

This commentary critically evaluates concepts of extending the term permafrost to any parts of an active glacier. The whole mass of any glacier is at zero centigrade or below (cryotic), except for non-ice inclusions at the glacier surface. Therefore,...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7,098 Views
30 Pages

16 December 2019

To accommodate traffic volume on roads due to ever-increasing population growth, the widening of highways and motorways is in high demand. Nevertheless, the widening of tunnels on these road networks is quite complex due to the presence of numerous r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
6,881 Views
10 Pages

Formation of the Yamal Crater in Northern West Siberia: Evidence from Geochemistry

  • Sergey Vorobyev,
  • Andrey Bychkov,
  • Vanda Khilimonyuk,
  • Sergey Buldovicz,
  • Evgeny Ospennikov and
  • Evgeny Chuvilin

14 December 2019

In the framework of this work, studies on the Yamal crater formed as a result of a cryogenic eruption of a water-gas fluid were carried out. The structure and variations of the composition of the geochemical field along the section of the upper horiz...

  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
8,664 Views
20 Pages

13 December 2019

The fossil record of Tenebrionidae (excluding the Quartenary) is presented. In total, 122 fossil species, clearly belonging to the family, are known; some beetles were determined only to genus; 78 genera are listed in the fossil record, including 29...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,069 Views
19 Pages

12 December 2019

CO2-induced reactions in low salinity aquifers overlying CO2 storage sites are of interest to understand potential reactions or impacts in the possible case of a leak. Previous investigations of overlying aquifers in the context of CO2 storage have f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,340 Views
27 Pages

Undrained Cyclic Laboratory Behavior of Sandy Soils

  • Francesco Castelli,
  • Antonio Cavallaro,
  • Salvatore Grasso and
  • Valentina Lentini

11 December 2019

The complex cyclic shear stress path experienced by the soil during an earthquake, which could also induce liquefaction phenomena, can be approximated in the laboratory only by using sophisticated testing apparatuses. Cyclic triaxial tests have been...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,464 Views
23 Pages

Improvement of an Operational Forecasting System for Extreme Tidal Events in Santos Estuary (Brazil)

  • Joana Mendes,
  • Paulo Leitão,
  • José Chambel Leitão,
  • Sofia Bartolomeu,
  • João Rodrigues and
  • João Miguel Dias

10 December 2019

Forecasting estuarine circulation is a hot topic, especially in densely populated regions, like Santos (Brazil). This paper aims to improve a water-level forecasting system for the Santos estuary, particularly the physical forcing determining the res...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
9,824 Views
18 Pages

The 1930 discovery of Carboniferous lycopsid fossils in south central Colorado resulted in the naming of a new species of scale tree, Lepidodendron johnsonii (=Lepidophloios johnsonii (Arnold) DiMichele). Cellular structures of L. johnsonii axes and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
7,541 Views
34 Pages

Fracture seismic is the method for recording and analyzing passive seismic data for mapping the fractures in the subsurface. Fracture seismic is able to map the fractures because of two types of mechanical actions in the fractures. First, in cohesive...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,194 Views
21 Pages

This article addresses the issue of flood management using four flood storage areas in the middle section of Huai River in China which protect the important downstream city of Bengbu. The same areas are also used by the local population as residentia...

  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
7,553 Views
25 Pages

Sub-seafloor microbial environments exhibit large carbon-isotope fractionation effects as a result of microbial enzymatic reactions. Isotopically light, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) derived from organic carbon is commonly released into the inters...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,077 Views
20 Pages

Recent geophysical and petrological observations indicate the presence of water and hydrous melts in and around the mantle transition zone (MTZ), for example, prominent low-velocity zones detected by seismological methods. Experimental data and compu...

  • Review
  • Open Access
59 Citations
13,238 Views
33 Pages

Antarctic Sea Ice Proxies from Marine and Ice Core Archives Suitable for Reconstructing Sea Ice over the Past 2000 Years

  • Elizabeth R. Thomas,
  • Claire S. Allen,
  • Johan Etourneau,
  • Amy C. F. King,
  • Mirko Severi,
  • V. Holly L. Winton,
  • Juliane Mueller,
  • Xavier Crosta and
  • Victoria L. Peck

Dramatic changes in sea ice have been observed in both poles in recent decades. However, the observational period for sea ice is short, and the climate models tasked with predicting future change in sea ice struggle to capture the current Antarctic t...

  • Review
  • Open Access
54 Citations
9,398 Views
23 Pages

Machine learning methods for data processing are gaining momentum in many geoscience industries. This includes the mining industry, where machine learning is primarily being applied to autonomously driven vehicles such as haul trucks, and ore body an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,585 Views
23 Pages

28 November 2019

The inner continental shelf is regarded as a repository of hyperpycnal flow (HF) deposits the analysis of which may contribute to hydrogeological risk assessment in coastal areas. In line with the source to sink paradigm, we examined the dynamics of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,642 Views
15 Pages

Why Are There No Earthquakes in the Intracratonic Paris Basin? Insights from Flexural Models

  • Carole Petit,
  • Louis de Barros,
  • Guillaume Duclaux and
  • Yves Mazabraud

28 November 2019

Comparing nearby areas with contrasted seismicity distributions like the French Variscan Armorican Massif (AM) and the surrounding intracratonic Paris Basin (PB) can help deciphering which parameters control the occurrence or absence of diffuse, intr...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,474 Views
2 Pages

28 November 2019

Disaster related research has its own interdisciplinary perspectives connected to the disaster cycle (response, recovery, prevention, and preparedness). This special issue focuses on interdisciplinary geosciences perspectives of tsunami that cover th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
6,005 Views
11 Pages

New Information on the Madagascan Middle Jurassic Sauropod Lapparentosaurus madagascariensis

  • Miky Lova Tantely Raveloson,
  • Neil D. L. Clark and
  • Armand H. Rasoamiaramana

27 November 2019

The systematic position of the Middle Jurassic sauropod Lapparentosaurus madagascariensis is not fully understood due to a lack of useful anatomical detail. Despite many new bone fragments from the axial skeleton, post-cranial skeleton, and a hind li...

  • Article
  • Open Access
52 Citations
8,114 Views
28 Pages

Late Orogenic Heating of (Ultra)High Pressure Rocks: Slab Rollback vs. Slab Breakoff

  • Elena Sizova,
  • Christoph Hauzenberger,
  • Harald Fritz,
  • Shah Wali Faryad and
  • Taras Gerya

27 November 2019

Some (ultra)high-pressure metamorphic rocks that formed during continental collision preserve relict minerals, indicating a two-stage evolution: first, subduction to mantle depths and exhumation to the lower-crustal level (with simultaneous cooling),...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
6,493 Views
29 Pages

Topographic Base Maps from Remote Sensing Data for Engineering Geomorphological Modelling: An Application on Coastal Mediterranean Landscape

  • Maurizio Barbarella,
  • Albina Cuomo,
  • Alessandro Di Benedetto,
  • Margherita Fiani and
  • Domenico Guida

27 November 2019

Coastal landscapes are one of the most changeable areas of the earth’s surface. Given this spatial complexity and temporal variability, the construction of reference maps useful for geo-engineering is a challenge. In order to improve the perfor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
5,890 Views
24 Pages

Discrete Fracture Network Modelling in Triassic–Jurassic Carbonates of NW Lurestan, Zagros Fold-and-Thrust Belt, Iran

  • Luigi Massaro,
  • Amerigo Corradetti,
  • Francesco d’Assisi Tramparulo,
  • Stefano Vitale,
  • Ernesto Paolo Prinzi,
  • Alessandro Iannace,
  • Mariano Parente,
  • Chiara Invernizzi,
  • Davoud Morsalnejad and
  • Stefano Mazzoli

26 November 2019

In this study, discrete fracture network (DFN) modelling was performed for Triassic–Jurassic analogue reservoir units of the NW Lurestan region, Iran. The modelling was elaborated following a multi-scale statistical sampling of the fracture sys...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,384 Views
12 Pages

26 November 2019

This paper reports on a large-scale landslide with a movement of 48 thousand m3 of soil and rock that occurred in Sichuan, China. This catastrophic landslide occurred in Aidai village, Ganluo County, at 12:44 on 14 August 2019, blocking a section of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,878 Views
13 Pages

25 November 2019

Understanding the physical properties of ultramafic rocks is important for evaluating a wide variety of petrologic models of the oceanic lithosphere, particularly upper mantle and lower crust. Hydration of oceanic peridotites results in increasing se...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
5,201 Views
32 Pages

Bentonite Extrusion into Near-Borehole Fracture

  • Mohammad N. Islam,
  • Andrew P. Bunger,
  • Nicolas Huerta and
  • Robert Dilmore

25 November 2019

In this paper, we discuss laboratory experiments of bentonite swelling and coupled finite element simulations to explicate bentonite extrusion. For the experiments, we developed a swell cell apparatus to understand the bentonite migration to the near...

  • Article
  • Open Access
36 Citations
14,695 Views
26 Pages

Landslide Susceptibility Assessment of Mauritius Island (Indian Ocean)

  • Vincenzo Marsala,
  • Alberto Galli,
  • Giorgio Paglia and
  • Enrico Miccadei

23 November 2019

This work is focused on the landslide susceptibility assessment, applied to Mauritius Island. The study area is a volcanic island located in the western part of the Indian Ocean and it is characterized by a plateau-like morphology interrupted by thre...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
4,843 Views
17 Pages

Evaluation of Remote-Sensing based Estimates of Actual Evapotranspiration over (Diverse Shape and Sized) Palmiet Wetlands

  • Phatsimo Ramatsabana,
  • Jane Tanner,
  • Sukhmani Mantel,
  • Anthony Palmer and
  • Gloria Ezenne

22 November 2019

Accurately quantifying actual evapotranspiration (ETa) over wetlands is important for the improved management of these ecosystems, since 65% of them are threatened by clearing or drainage in South Africa. This study evaluated a range of available est...

  • Review
  • Open Access
31 Citations
12,601 Views
17 Pages

22 November 2019

In this paper, retrospective analyses of long-term changes in the aquatic ecosystem of Ladoga, Onega, and Imandra lakes, situated within North-West Russia, are presented. At the beginning of the last century, the lakes were oligotrophic, freshwater a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
26 Citations
4,586 Views
15 Pages

An Analysis Applying InSAR of Subsidence Caused by Nearby Mining-Induced Earthquakes

  • Ryszard Hejmanowski,
  • Agnieszka A. Malinowska,
  • Wojciech T. Witkowski and
  • Artur Guzy

21 November 2019

Earthquake occurrence is usually unpredictable apart from sites in the vicinity of volcanoes. It is not easy to measure displacements caused by seismic phenomena using classical geodetic methods, which are based on point survey. Therefore, the survey...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,610 Views
15 Pages

20 November 2019

This paper discusses the ‘all-of-society engagement’ concept promoted in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) 2015–2030, drawing on the case of Kuroshio Town, Kochi Prefecture in Japan. The framework does not offer...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,128 Views
16 Pages

20 November 2019

Soil contamination is a widespread problem and action needs to be taken in order to prevent damage to the groundwater and the life around the contaminated sites. In Sweden, it is estimated that more than 80,000 sites are potentially contaminated, and...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
3,273 Views
17 Pages

Non-Linear Analysis of Inter-Story Pounding between Wood-Framed Buildings during Ground Motion

  • Wojciech Migda,
  • Marcin Szczepański,
  • Natalia Lasowicz,
  • Anna Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska and
  • Robert Jankowski

20 November 2019

Pounding between adjacent buildings during ground motion may result in structural damage or lead to total destruction of structures. The research on the phenomenon has recently been much advanced; however, the analyses have been carried out only for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
17,936 Views
35 Pages

Evaluation of The Seismic Hazard in The Marmara Region (Turkey) Based on Updated Databases

  • Karin Şeşetyan,
  • Mine Betül Demircioğlu Tümsa and
  • Aybige Akinci

20 November 2019

The increase in the wealth of information on the seismotectonic structure of the Marmara region after two devastating earthquakes (M7.6 Izmit and M7.2 Duzce events) in the year 1999 opened the way for the reassessment of the probabilistic seismic haz...

XFacebookLinkedIn
Geosciences - ISSN 2076-3263