314 Results Found

The popularity of fog-enabled smart cities is increasing due to the advantages provided by modern communication and information technologies, which contribute to an improved quality of life. Wireless networks make them more vulnerable when the networ...

The field of cyber-physical systems is a growing IT research area that addresses the deep integration of computing, communication and process control, possibly with humans in the loop. The goal of such area is to define modelling, controlling and pro...

With the advent of modern communication and control strategies, existing industrial enterprises are now being transformed as per Industrial Revolution (IR) 4.0 standards to maximize production rates and monetary gains. To cope with the pace of the mo...

This paper presents a two-level control scheme for the energy management of an electricity prosumer node equipped with controllable loads, local generation, and storage devices. The main control objective is to optimize the prosumer’s energy bill by...

In response to the challenges posed by climate change, including extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfall and droughts, the agricultural sector is increasingly seeking solutions for the efficient use of resources, particularly water. Pivotal as...

With the advancement of the Long-Term Evolution (LTE) network and smart-phones, most of today’s internet content is delivered via cellular links. Due to the nature of wireless signal propagation, the capacity of the last hop link can vary within a sh...

The role of distributor system operators is experiencing a gradual but relevant change to include enhanced ancillary and energy dispatch services needed to manage the increased power provided by intermittent distributed generations in medium voltage...

A distributed power system operation and control node privacy and security are attractive research questions that deliver electrical energy systems to the participating stakeholders without being physically connected to the grid system. The increased...

This paper presents a novel control system for chiller plants that is decentralized and flat-structured. Each device in chiller plant system is fitted with a smart node. It is a smart agent, which collects, handles and sends out information to its ne...

In this paper, a blockchain-enabled energy trading method is proposed to deal with the inefficiency and security issues in energy trading for electric vehicles in smart grids. It includes the design of a smart contract and the excitation mechanism of...

When it comes to Internet of Things systems that include both a logistics system and an intelligent transportation system, a smart sensor is one of the key elements to collect useful information whenever and wherever necessary. This study proposes th...

Smart sensor nodes can process data collected from sensors, make decisions, and recognize relevant events based on the sensed information before sharing it with other nodes. In wireless sensor networks, the smart sensor nodes are usually grouped in c...

The shortage of water stands as a global challenge, prompting considerable focus on the management of water consumption and irrigation. The suggestion is to introduce a smart irrigation system based on wireless sensor networks (WSNs) aimed at minimiz...

Recently, more and more smart homes have become one of important parts of home infrastructure. However, most of the smart home applications are not interconnected and remain isolated. They use the cloud center as the control platform, which increases...

The Internet of Things (IoT) plays an important role in the development of smart cities. IoT forms a large network, and optimal controller placement plays a crucial role in ensuring network performance and resilience. This paper proposes a hybrid opt...

The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are the basic building blocks of today’s modern internet of Things (IoT) infrastructure in smart buildings, smart parking, and smart cities. The WSN nodes suffer from a major design constraint in that their ba...

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) framework has been considered as an enabler of the smart world where all devices will be deployed with extra-sensory power in order to sense the world as well as communicate with other sensor nodes. As a result, smart dev...

Ubiquitous sensing allows smart cities to take control of many parameters (e.g., road traffic, air or noise pollution levels, etc.). An inexpensive Wireless Mesh Network can be used as an efficient way to transport sensed data. When that mesh is auto...

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming increasingly popular with the advent of the Internet of things (IoT). Various real-world applications of WSNs such as in smart grids, smart farming and smart health would require a potential deployment of...

Electrochemical gas sensors require regular maintenance to check and secure proper functioning. Standard procedures usually involve testing and recalibration of the sensors, for which working environments are needed. Periodic calibration is therefore...

With the proliferation of smart devices, the Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly expanding. This study proposes a miniaturized controllable metamaterial with low control voltage for achieving low-power and compact designs in IoT node devices. Operati...

Electronic visual display enabled by touchscreen technologies evolves as one of the universal multimedia output methods and a popular input intermediate with touch–interaction. As a result, we can always gain access of an intelligent machine by...

This paper presents the design and implementation of a communication and control infrastructure for smart grid operation. The proposed infrastructure enhances the reliability of the measurements and control network. The advantages of utilizing the da...

At present, the standardisation of electrical equipment communications is on the rise. In particular, manufacturers are releasing equipment for the smart grid endowed with communication protocols such as DNP3, IEC 61850, and MODBUS. However, there ar...

The smart grid revolution demands a huge effort in redesigning and enhancing current power networks, as well as integrating emerging scenarios such as distributed generation, renewable energies or the electric vehicle. This novel situation will cause...

Most of the existing smart-contract-based cryptocurrencies, such as Ethereum, use an account-based ledger. However, while the account-based model is advantageous for the efficient use of smart contracts and the increased exchangeability of cryptocurr...

The e-book services we use today have a serious drawback in that we will no longer be able to read the books we have purchased when the service is terminated. One way to solve this problem is to build a decentralized system that does not depend on a...

The Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is one of the Smart Grid (SG) applications that used to upgrade the current power system by proposing a two-way communication system to connect the smart meter devices at homes with the electric control comp...

In Fog Computing, fog colonies are formed by nodes cooperating to provide services to end-users. To enable efficient operation and seamless scalability of fog colonies, decentralized control over participating nodes should be promoted. In such cases,...

This article describes the implementation of a web server using an embedded Altera NIOS II IP core, a general purpose and configurable RISC processor which is embedded in a Cyclone FPGA. The processor uses the μCLinux operating system to support a Bo...

Computer numerically controlled (CNC) machines have evolved to adapt to increasing technological and industrial requirements. To cover these needs, new generation machines have to perform monitoring strategies by incorporating multiple sensors. Since...

To improve the distributed carbon emission optimization control capability of the smart distribution network system, thereby reducing the carbon emissions in the distribution process, it is a very important issue to comprehensively analyze the import...

Blockchain network architecture is a promising technology for constructing highly secure Internet of Things (IoT) networks. IoT networks typically comprise various sensors and actuators. Blockchain network technology can be applied to secure control...

As the core component of the smart grid, advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is responsible for automated billing, demand response, load forecasting, management, etc. The jamming attack poses a serious threat to the AMI communication networks, esp...

Recent technological developments have led to the emergence of the next generation of industry—Industry 4.0. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is a key enabler of this new manufacturing paradigm where millions of interconnected smart dev...

The integration of a variety of heterogeneous energy sources and different energy storage systems has led to complex infrastructures and made apparent the urgent need for efficient energy control and management. This work presents a non-linear model...

The cooperative, reliable and responsive characteristics make smart grid more popular than traditional power grid. However, with the extensive employment of smart grid concepts, the traditional centralized control methods expose a lot of shortcomings...

False data injection (FDI) attack is a hot topic in large-scale Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs), which can cause bad state estimation of controllers. In this paper, we focus on FDI detection on transmission lines of the smart grid. We propose a novel a...

Doppler radar node occupancy sensors are promising for applications in smart buildings due to their simple circuits and price advantage compared to quadrature radar sensors. However, single-channel sensitivity limitations may result in low sensitivit...

This paper introduces a flexible hardware and software architecture for a smart video sensor. This sensor has been applied in a video surveillance application where some of these video sensors are deployed, constituting the sensory nodes of a distrib...

A majority of the population of developing countries is associated with agriculture directly or indirectly. The liaison of engineering technology and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can build a bridge for farmers to enhance their skills regardin...

Developments in the wind power industry have enabled a new generation of wind turbines with longer blades, taller towers, higher efficiency, and lower maintenance costs due to the maturity of related technologies. Nevertheless, wind turbines are stil...

Most IoT networks implement one-way messages from the sensor nodes to the “application host server” via a gateway. Messages from any sensor node in the network are sent when its sensor is triggered or at regular intervals as dictated by the applicati...

A power grid is a network that carries electrical energy from power plants to customer premises. One existing power grid is going through a massive and revolutionary transformation process. It is envisioned to achieve the true meaning of technology a...

The Zero Trust (ZT) model is pivotal in enhancing the security of distributed systems by emphasizing rigorous identity verification, granular access control (AC), and continuous monitoring. To address the complexity and scalability challenges of mode...

The distribution of water in urban areas involves several challenges, such as maintaining pipelines, controlling pressure and flow, and monitoring water quality. In particular, the measurement of the flow rate and pressure in pipelines is essential f...

Low power over wireless personal area networks (LoWPAN), in particular wireless sensor networks, represent an emerging technology with high potential to be employed in critical situations like security surveillance, battlefields, smart-grids, and in...

The application of the most recent advances of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology to the automation of buildings is emerging as a promising solution to achieve greater efficiencies in energy consumption, and to allow the realization of sustainab...

In the last decade, the main attacks against smart grids have occurred in communication networks (ITs) causing the disconnection of physical equipment from power networks (OTs) and leading to electricity supply interruptions. To deal with the deficie...

Climate change is driving new solutions to manage water more efficiently. Such solutions involve the development of smart irrigation systems where Internet of Things (IoT) nodes are deployed throughout large areas. In addition, in the mentioned areas...