4,162 Results Found

The signless Laplacian reciprocal distance matrix for a simple connected graph G is defined as $RQ\left(G\right)=\mathrm{diag}\left(RH\right(G\left)\right)+RD\left(G\right)$. Here, $RD\left(G\right)$ is the Harary matrix (also called reciprocal distance matrix) while $\mathrm{diag}\left(RH\right(G\left)\right)$ represents the diagonal matrix of the...

In order to create sustainable competitive advantages, organizations are embedded in dyadic exchange relationships, which depend on the coordination of the behavior of the actors involved. Often, coordinated behavior is explained by trust. Since trus...

In this study, we propose a groundbreaking hypothesis for the evolution of reciprocal altruism, suggesting its emergence from random encounters characterized by theft rather than the traditionally accepted cooperative reciprocation and intertemporal...

This paper establishes symmetric inequalities for the reciprocal sums of Fibonacci numbers. By using elementary methods, recurrence properties, Cassini’s identity, and the Fibonacci–Lucas connection, we deduce the precise bounds for these...

The reciprocal distance Laplacian matrix of a connected graph G is defined as $R{D}^L\left(G\right)=RT\left(G\right)-RD\left(G\right)$, where $RT\left(G\right)$ is the diagonal matrix of reciprocal distance degrees and $RD\left(G\right)$ is the Harary matrix. Clearly, $R{D}^L\left(G\right)$ is a real symmetric matrix, and...

Several types of contaminants are anthropogenically introduced into natural aquatic ecosystems and interact with other chemicals and/or with living organisms. Although metal toxicity alone has been relatively well studied, the toxic metal ion effects...

Reciprocal series are employed to systematically review convolution sums, orthogonality relations, recurrence relations and reciprocal formulae for several classical number sequences, such as binomial coefficients, Stirling numbers, Bernoulli numbers...

We study a rigidity problem for functions $F:{\mathbb{R}}_{>0}\to {\mathbb{R}}_{\ge 0}$ that penalize deviation of a positive ratio from equilibrium $x=1$. Assuming (i) a d’Alembert-type composition law on ${\mathbb{R}}_{>0}$, and (ii) a single quadratic calibration at the identity (...

The Kelvin relation, relating the Seebeck coefficient and the Peltier coefficient, is a theoretical basis of thermoelectricity. It was first derived by Kelvin using a quasi-thermodynamic approach. However, Kelvin’s approach was subjected to muc...

For a connected graph G on n vertices, recall that the reciprocal distance signless Laplacian matrix of G is defined to be $RQ\left(G\right)=RT\left(G\right)+RD\left(G\right)$, where $RD\left(G\right)$ is the reciprocal distance matrix, $RT\left(G\right)=diag(R{T}_1,R{T}_2,\cdots ,R{T}_n)$ and $R{T}_i$ is the reciprocal dis...

Mixed languages combine significant amounts of grammatical and lexical material from more than one source language in systematic ways. The Australian mixed language, Light Warlpiri, combines nominal morphology from Warlpiri with verbal morphology fro...

In selective chromatography and electromigration methods, supramolecular recognition of selectands and selectors is due to the fast and reversible formation of association complexes governed by thermodynamics. Whereas the selectand molecules to be se...

Reciprocal structures represent a category of spatial structural systems characterized by mutually supporting connections between components, which are primarily employed in roof systems and spatial frameworks. Insufficient stiffness is a critical ch...

Recently Panda et al. obtained some identities for the reciprocal sums of balancing and Lucas-balancing numbers. In this paper, we derive general identities related to reciprocal sums of products of two balancing numbers, products of two Lucas-balanc...

This paper presents an overview of the distribution of reflexive-reciprocal syncretism in Eastern Bantu languages spoken in Tanzania. Most Bantu languages encode reflexive and reciprocal constructions by means of two distinct verbal affixes. However,...

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple connected graph with vertex set V and edge set E, respectively. The term “anti-reciprocal eigenvalue property“ refers to a non-singular graph G for which, $-\frac{1}{\lambda }\in \sigma \left(G\right)$, whenever $\lambda \in \mathrm{\&s}$...

The present paper comprises the study of certain functions which are analytic and defined in terms of reciprocal function. The reciprocal classes of close-to-convex functions and quasi-convex functions are defined and studied. Various interesting pro...

This paper establishes a real integral representation of the reciprocal Gamma function in terms of a regularized hypersingular integral along the real line. A regularized complex representation along the Hankel path is derived. The equivalence with t...

In recent years, active periodic structures with in-time modulated parameters have drawn ever-increasing attention due to their peculiar (and sometimes exotic) wave propagation properties. Although many experimental works have shown the efficacy of t...

Cancer is a global health problem. The delineation of molecular mechanisms pertinent to cancer initiation and development has spurred cancer therapy in the form of precision medicine. The Hippo signalling pathway is a tumour suppressor pathway implic...

Variable transformations have a long and celebrated history in statistics, one that was rather academically glamorous at least until generalized linear models theory eclipsed their nurturing normal curve theory role. Still, today it continues to be a...

There is ample evidence to indicate the direct effects of receiving social support on mental health during and after a disaster. However, the importance of reciprocal exchanges of social support (i.e., balanced receipt and provision of social support...

The application of a bidirectional laser requires the laser intensity in both directions to be balanced. However, the CW and CCW light intensities in current bidirectional erbium-doped fiber laser experiments differ due to the gain competition effect...

The solution of crystal structures from X-ray powder diffraction data has undergone an intense development in the last 25 years. Overlapping, background estimate, preferred orientation are the main difficulties met in the process of determining the c...

Reciprocal recommendation requires satisfying preferences on both sides of a match, which differs from standard one-sided settings and often involves hierarchical structure (e.g., skills, seniority, education). We present biLorentzFM, which is a mult...

In this article, deployable cylindrical vaults of reciprocal linkages with frustoconical ends are analysed. Deployable cylindrical vaults with quadrangular scissors modules have low stiffness in the longitudinal direction, which requires the use of s...

The incentive mechanism functions as a core safeguard to ensure the efficient execution of consortium-based Public–Private Partnership (PPP) projects and the realization of value-added outcomes. The heterogeneity of consortium members, their re...

We compare two mathematical theories that address duality between cycles and vertex-cuts of graphs in geometric settings. First, we propose a rigorous definition of a new type of graph, vector graphs. The special case of R2-vector graphs matches the...

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved superior performance in diagnosing process faults, but they lack robustness when encountering novel fault types absent from training sets. Such unknown faults commonly appear in industrial settings, and conve...

Many theories of motivation suggest that motivation and academic achievement reinforce each other over time, yet few longitudinal studies have examined behavioral pathways that may mediate interplay from motivation to achievement. Moreover, empirical...

To solve information asymmetry, we adopted the principal-agent framework to design the incentive mechanisms between the remanufacturer and the collector in the construction and demolition (C&D) waste-recycling industry. By using the model of reci...

Translocation carriers have an increased risk of miscarriage or the birth of a child with congenital anomalies. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is performed in translocation carriers to select for balanced embryos and, thus, increase the chan...

In the recent decades, fashion brands and retailers in the West have introduced supplier’s Codes of Conduct (CoC) to strengthen international labour standards in their supply chain. Drawing from the concept of workers’ agency and the theo...

To overcome the limitation of dynamic reciprocity, a new method for designing broadband on-chip optical isolators is proposed and demonstrated based on saturated gain, which is able to support simplex and duplex operation modes. By connecting a satur...

In this work, we investigate the validity of axioms such as Onsager Reciprocal Relations (ORR) for heat transfer in irreversible thermodynamics close to equilibrium. We show that the ORR for this case could be directly derived by introducing the wide...

There is good evidence that targeted reciprocal reading instruction for struggling readers can lead to attainment gains in reading for children aged 9–12 years in England using the FFT Reciprocal Reading instruction programme when training is d...

The application of the systemic approach in architecture aims to promote an integral, holistic view of the architectural design process. The literature reviewed calls for models with systemic behavior, and for these models to be applied in concrete c...

Food engineering, food chemistry, and consumer segmentation were used to evaluate ready-to-eat rice. The aromatic Louisiana Clearfield Jazzman (CJ) and Thai Jasmine (TJ), and a non-aromatic parboiled (PB) rice were hydrated during the first 10 min of...

The US-based authors argue that the practice of what we currently call “international service-learning” does not generally achieve its most important goals in the context of the global South, especially those based on the development of mutually bene...

In traditional engineering education, students usually have little training on project implementation. Therefore, students have few chances to cultivate and develop their high-level cognitive abilities for the sake of achieving sustainable learning p...

Consumers’ low-carbon preferences will affect the decision-making behavior of supply chain members; an understanding of the influence mechanism of reciprocal altruistic preferences and reference low-carbon-level effect on carbon emission transf...

This paper concerns the properties of the generalized bi-periodic Fibonacci numbers $\left\{G_n\right\}$ generated from the recurrence relation: $G_n=a{G}_{n-1}+G_{n-2}$ (n is even) or $G_n=b{G}_{n-1}+G_{n-2}$ (n is odd). We derive general identities for the recip...

We numerically investigate the supratransmission phenomenon in an active nonlinear system modeled by the 1D/2D discrete sine-Gordon equation with non-local feedback. While, at a given frequency, the typical passive system exhibits a single amplitude...

In this paper, we investigate the Hyers–Ulam–Rassias stability of reciprocal functional equations in non-Archimedean fuzzy normed spaces by using both the direct method and the fixed point alternative. In addition, we study a modified rec...

The suppression of Rayleigh backscattering noise in a resonant fiber optic gyro (RFOG) is accompanied by the emergence of residual amplitude modulation (RAM) effects, which impact the bias performance of the RFOG output. In this paper, we propose a d...

Ice and snow tourism has yielded considerable socioeconomic benefits, especially for the countries and regions that are rich in ice and snow resources. Boosted by the Beijing Winter Olympics, China’s ice and snow tourism economy is likely to us...

(1) Objectives: This study aims to investigate the bidirectional relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive function among older adults in China, addressing a research gap in the context of developing nations. (2) Methods: A total of 3813...

Background and Objectives: Postoperative pain is a common symptom of a flare-up after root canal treatments (RCTs). Insufficient instrumentation, extrusion of irrigation solutions and debris, and the existence of a periapical lesion are the factors a...

Objectives: to examine the causal relationship between sleep quality and life satisfaction and explore the mediating role of health status on the relationship between sleep quality and life satisfaction. Methods: A total of 1856 older Chinese people...

Indirect reciprocity is one of the major mechanisms driving the evolution of cooperation in human societies. There are two types of indirect reciprocity: upstream and downstream reciprocity. Cooperation in downstream reciprocity follows the pattern &...