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Keywords = plasma-induced chemical changes on cellulose

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28 pages, 4352 KiB  
Article
CORK1, A LRR-Malectin Receptor Kinase, Is Required for Cellooligomer-Induced Responses in Arabidopsis thaliana
by Yu-Heng Tseng, Sandra S. Scholz, Judith Fliegmann, Thomas Krüger, Akanksha Gandhi, Alexandra C. U. Furch, Olaf Kniemeyer, Axel A. Brakhage and Ralf Oelmüller
Cells 2022, 11(19), 2960; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11192960 - 22 Sep 2022
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 3680
Abstract
Cell wall integrity (CWI) maintenance is central for plant cells. Mechanical and chemical distortions, pH changes, and breakdown products of cell wall polysaccharides activate plasma membrane-localized receptors and induce appropriate downstream responses. Microbial interactions alter or destroy the structure of the plant cell [...] Read more.
Cell wall integrity (CWI) maintenance is central for plant cells. Mechanical and chemical distortions, pH changes, and breakdown products of cell wall polysaccharides activate plasma membrane-localized receptors and induce appropriate downstream responses. Microbial interactions alter or destroy the structure of the plant cell wall, connecting CWI maintenance to immune responses. Cellulose is the major polysaccharide in the primary and secondary cell wall. Its breakdown generates short-chain cellooligomers that induce Ca2+-dependent CWI responses. We show that these responses require the malectin domain-containing CELLOOLIGOMER-RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (CORK1) in Arabidopsis and are preferentially activated by cellotriose (CT). CORK1 is required for cellooligomer-induced cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitogen-associated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, cellulose synthase phosphorylation, and the regulation of CWI-related genes, including those involved in biosynthesis of cell wall material, secondary metabolites and tryptophan. Phosphoproteome analyses identified early targets involved in signaling, cellulose synthesis, the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi secretory pathway, cell wall repair and immune responses. Two conserved phenylalanine residues in the malectin domain are crucial for CORK1 function. We propose that CORK1 is required for CWI and immune responses activated by cellulose breakdown products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Plant, Algae and Fungi Cell Biology)
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35 pages, 18547 KiB  
Article
Iso- and Anisotropic Etching of Micro Nanofibrillated Cellulose Films by Sequential Oxygen and Nitrogen Gas Plasma Exposure for Tunable Wettability on Crystalline and Amorphous Regions
by Katarina Dimić-Mišić, Mirjana Kostić, Bratislav Obradović, Milorad Kuraica, Ana Kramar, Monireh Imani and Patrick Gane
Materials 2021, 14(13), 3571; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133571 - 25 Jun 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2771
Abstract
The surface of cellulose films, obtained from micro nanofibrillated cellulose produced with different enzymatic pretreatment digestion times of refined pulp, was exposed to gas plasma, resulting in a range of surface chemical and morphological changes affecting the mechanical and surface interactional properties. The [...] Read more.
The surface of cellulose films, obtained from micro nanofibrillated cellulose produced with different enzymatic pretreatment digestion times of refined pulp, was exposed to gas plasma, resulting in a range of surface chemical and morphological changes affecting the mechanical and surface interactional properties. The action of separate and dual exposure to oxygen and nitrogen cold dielectric barrier discharge plasma was studied with respect to the generation of roughness (confocal laser and atomic force microscopy), nanostructural and chemical changes on the cellulose film surface, and their combined effect on wettability. Elemental analysis showed that with longer enzymatic pretreatment time the wetting response was sensitive to the chemical and morphological changes induced by both plasma gases, but distinctly oxygen plasma was seen to induce much greater morphological change while nitrogen plasma contributed more to chemical modification of the film surface. In this novel study, it is shown that exposure to oxygen plasma, subsequently followed by exposure to nitrogen plasma, leads first to an increase in wetting, and second to more hydrophobic behaviour, thus improving, for example, suitability for printing using polar functional inks or providing film barrier properties, respectively. Full article
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