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1,895 Results Found

  • Brief Report
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,533 Views
6 Pages

Knowledge Development in Artificial Intelligence Use in Paediatrics

  • Peter Kokol,
  • Helena Blažun Vošner and
  • Jernej Završnik

30 March 2022

The use of artificial intelligence in paediatrics has vastly increased in the last few years. Interestingly, no historical bibliometric study analysing the knowledge development in this specific paediatric field has been performed yet, thus our study...

  • Review
  • Open Access
8 Citations
4,040 Views
15 Pages

An Overview of Off-Label Use of Humanized Monoclonal Antibodies in Paediatrics

  • Roberto Bernardini,
  • Gaia Toschi Vespasiani and
  • Arianna Giannetti

29 April 2022

In recent years, off-label and unlicensed drug use has extensively developed in the paediatric population. For a long time, clinical trials in the paediatric population were considered complicated to perform because of ethical problems, causing frequ...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
3,733 Views
17 Pages

Surfactant-Free Chitosan/Cellulose Acetate Phthalate Nanoparticles: An Attempt to Solve the Needs of Captopril Administration in Paediatrics

  • Noelia Nieto González,
  • Guido Cerri,
  • Jesús Molpeceres,
  • Massimo Cossu,
  • Giovanna Rassu,
  • Paolo Giunchedi and
  • Elisabetta Gavini

The Paediatric Committee of the European Medicines Agency encourages research into medicinal products for children, in particular, the development of an age-appropriate formulation of captopril is required in the cardiovascular therapeutic area. The...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,363 Views
35 Pages

Three-Dimensional Printing in Paediatrics: Innovative Technology for Manufacturing Patient-Centred Drug Delivery Systems

  • Nadine Couți,
  • Sonia Iurian,
  • Alina Porfire,
  • Tibor Casian,
  • Rareș Iovanov and
  • Ioan Tomuță

Additive manufacturing can be regarded as a game-changing approach for paediatric drug development, as children have special drug-related requirements which are rarely met by conventional technologies. Traditional dosage forms have considerable drawb...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
6,473 Views
13 Pages

Stability Study of Isoniazid and Rifampicin Oral Solutions Using Hydroxypropyl-Β-Cyclodextrin to Treat Tuberculosis in Paediatrics

  • Ana Santoveña-Estévez,
  • Javier Suárez-González,
  • Amor R. Cáceres-Pérez,
  • Zuleima Ruiz-Noda,
  • Sara Machado-Rodríguez,
  • Magdalena Echezarreta,
  • Mabel Soriano and
  • José B. Fariña

(1) Background: First-line antituberculosis treatment in paediatrics entails the administration of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Rifampicin. This study examines the possibility of developing a combined dose liquid formulation for oral use that would f...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,291 Views
19 Pages

The Design of Novel 3D-Printed, Moulded, and Oral Viscous Budesonide Formulations for Paediatrics: A Comparative Evaluation of Their Mucoadhesive Properties

  • María Magariños-Triviño,
  • Eduardo Díaz-Torres,
  • Javier Suárez-González,
  • Ana Santoveña-Estévez and
  • José B. Fariña

Background/Objectives: Paediatric eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) treatment is challenging due to the limited number of age-appropriate formulations. This study aims to develop and evaluate oral viscous suspensions and solid formulations of budesonid...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,573 Views
16 Pages

This work aimed to establish whether paediatric needs in cardiovascular diseases have been met by paediatric investigation plans (PIPs) produced since the development of the European Union Paediatric Regulation in 2007. The European Medicines Agency...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,540 Views
15 Pages

Artificial Intelligence Outperforms Physicians in General Medical Knowledge, Except in the Paediatrics Domain: A Cross-Sectional Study

  • Joana Miranda,
  • Raquel Pereira-Silva,
  • João Guichard,
  • Jorge Meneses,
  • Andreia Neves Carreira and
  • Daniela Seixas

Generative artificial intelligence (genAI) shows promising results in clinical practice. This study compared a GPT-4-turbo virtual assistant with physicians from Italy, France, Spain, and Portugal on medical knowledge derived from national exams whil...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,144 Views
13 Pages

Finite Element Modelling of a Synthetic Paediatric Spine for Biomechanical Investigation

  • Nor Amalina Muhayudin,
  • Khairul Salleh Basaruddin,
  • Muhammad Farzik Ijaz and
  • Ruslizam Daud

21 June 2023

Studies on paediatric spines commonly use human adult or immature porcine spines as specimens, because it is difficult to obtain actual paediatric specimens. There are quite obvious differences, such as geometry, size, bone morphology, and orientatio...

  • Commentary
  • Open Access
14 Citations
6,711 Views
17 Pages

Emerging Treatments for Disorders of Consciousness in Paediatric Age

  • Hassna Irzan,
  • Marco Pozzi,
  • Nino Chikhladze,
  • Serghei Cebanu,
  • Artashes Tadevosyan,
  • Cornelia Calcii,
  • Alexander Tsiskaridze,
  • Andrew Melbourne,
  • Sandra Strazzer and
  • Erika Molteni
  • + 1 author

31 January 2022

The number of paediatric patients living with a prolonged Disorder of Consciousness (DoC) is growing in high-income countries, thanks to substantial improvement in intensive care. Life expectancy is extending due to the clinical and nursing managemen...

  • Review
  • Open Access
11 Citations
8,741 Views
11 Pages

Application of Ozone Therapy in Paediatric Dentistry

  • Maurizio D’Amario,
  • Mariachiara Di Carlo,
  • Salvatore Massimo Natale,
  • Lucia Memè,
  • Giuseppe Marzo,
  • Giorgio Matarazzo and
  • Mario Capogreco

2 November 2022

The therapeutic use of ozone has been suggested for a long time in general dentistry and paediatric dentistry for its antimicrobial, virucidal, disinfectant, and biocompatible properties. Ozone has also anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunostimula...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
5,627 Views
11 Pages

3 November 2021

Paediatric patients are unique, yet challenging patients to care for by pharmacists. Paediatric medicine use requires special consideration. Pharmacists play an important role in educating and counselling patients, carers, and healthcare workers. Fur...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
6,432 Views
16 Pages

Translational paediatric drug development includes the exchange between basic, clinical and population-based research to improve the health of children. This includes the assessment of treatment related risks and their management. The objectives of t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
6,441 Views
13 Pages

Inequality of Paediatric Workforce Distribution in China

  • Peige Song,
  • Zhenghong Ren,
  • Xinlei Chang,
  • Xuebei Liu and
  • Lin An

Child health has been addressed as a priority at both global and national levels for many decades. In China, difficulty of accessing paediatricians has been of debate for a long time, however, there is limited evidence to assess the population- and g...

  • Study Protocol
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,355 Views
14 Pages

Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Paediatric Check-Ups and Vaccinations in Germany

  • Rudolf Lindinger,
  • Hartmut Richter,
  • Thorsten Christian Reuter and
  • Tim Fischer

23 March 2023

Paediatric check-ups and vaccinations are provided and free of charge in Germany. Despite being hitherto generally well-received and adhered to, it is possible that the lockdown implemented due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in delays or even canc...

  • Review
  • Open Access
9 Citations
6,424 Views
28 Pages

Zebrafish Models of Paediatric Brain Tumours

  • Faiza Basheer,
  • Poshmaal Dhar and
  • Rasika M. Samarasinghe

31 August 2022

Paediatric brain cancer is the second most common childhood cancer and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. Despite significant advancements in the treatment modalities and improvements in the 5-year survival rate, it leaves lon...

  • Editorial
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,730 Views
6 Pages

Paediatric Formulation: Design and Development

  • Antonio Lopalco and
  • Nunzio Denora

27 September 2020

The development of medicines designed for children can be challenging since this distinct patient population requires specific needs. A formulation designed for paediatric patients must consider the following aspects: patient population variability;...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,401 Views
21 Pages

Brain tumours are the most common cause of death among children with solid tumours, and high-grade gliomas (HGG) are among the most devastating forms with very poor outcomes. In the search for more effective treatments for paediatric HGG, there is a...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,886 Views
45 Pages

Evaluating the Use of PROMs in Paediatric Orthopaedic Registries

  • Eleanor J. Morris,
  • Kelly Gray,
  • Paul J. Gibbons,
  • Jane Grayson,
  • Justin Sullivan,
  • Anita B. Amorim,
  • Joshua Burns and
  • Marnee J. McKay

14 September 2023

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide structured information on the patient’s health experience and facilitate shared clinical decision-making. Registries that collect PROMs generate essential information about the clinical course a...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,205 Views
11 Pages

The Perioperative Use of Dexmedetomidine in Paediatric Patients

  • Esaias Janse van Rensburg,
  • Laura Indiveri and
  • Palesa Mogane

Background/Objectives: Dexmedetomidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist, has gained significant attention for its sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic properties in paediatric anaesthesia. This review explores its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics,...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,777 Views
12 Pages

Perioperative Management of Paediatric Hypertension

  • Nicole Barbosa,
  • Cara Redelinghuys and
  • Palesa Mogane

3 September 2025

Paediatric hypertension presents significant perioperative challenges due to its variable aetiology and potential for end-organ damage. The prevalence varies with age and is associated with both primary and secondary causes, which differ markedly fro...

  • Review
  • Open Access
13 Citations
5,125 Views
13 Pages

Paediatric Rational Prescribing: A Systematic Review of Assessment Tools

  • Fenella Corrick,
  • Sharon Conroy,
  • Helen Sammons and
  • Imti Choonara

Rational prescribing criteria have been well established in adult medicine for both research and quality improvement in the appropriate use of medicines. Paediatric rational prescribing has not been as widely investigated. The aims of this review wer...

  • Review
  • Open Access
102 Citations
22,355 Views
44 Pages

Excipients in the Paediatric Population: A Review

  • Khadija Rouaz,
  • Blanca Chiclana-Rodríguez,
  • Anna Nardi-Ricart,
  • Marc Suñé-Pou,
  • Dèbora Mercadé-Frutos,
  • Josep María Suñé-Negre,
  • Pilar Pérez-Lozano and
  • Encarna García-Montoya

This theoretical study seeks to critically review the use of excipients in the paediatric population. This study is based on the rules and recommendations of European and American drug regulatory agencies. On the one hand, this review describes the m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,866 Views
10 Pages

Clinical Approach in the Management of Paediatric Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia: A National Survey Conducted by the LIPIGEN Paediatric Group

  • Cristina Pederiva,
  • Marta Gazzotti,
  • Marcello Arca,
  • Maurizio Averna,
  • Giuseppe Banderali,
  • Giacomo Biasucci,
  • Marta Brambilla,
  • Paola Sabrina Buonuomo,
  • Paolo Calabrò and
  • Maria Elena Capra
  • + 28 authors

5 August 2023

Detection and treatment of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) starting from childhood is fundamental to reduce morbidity and mortality. The activity of National realities such as the LIPIGEN (LIpid transPort disorders Italian GEnetic Ne...

  • Perspective
  • Open Access
47 Citations
9,269 Views
8 Pages

A Perspective on Microneedle-Based Drug Delivery and Diagnostics in Paediatrics

  • Liliana R Pires,
  • KB Vinayakumar,
  • Maria Turos,
  • Verónica Miguel and
  • João Gaspar

15 November 2019

Microneedles (MNs) have been extensively explored in the literature as a means to deliver drugs in the skin, surpassing the stratum corneum permeability barrier. MNs are potentially easy to produce and may allow the self-administration of drugs witho...

  • Viewpoint
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,675 Views
6 Pages

There are many societal developments in The Netherlands, such as a rising and changing demand for care and support and a paradigm shift from curation to prevention, that currently—and in the near future—will have an impact on paediatric c...

  • Review
  • Open Access
15 Citations
5,017 Views
25 Pages

Cellular Therapy for the Treatment of Paediatric Respiratory Disease

  • Laura C. Brennan,
  • Andrew O’Sullivan and
  • Ronan MacLoughlin

18 August 2021

Respiratory disease is the leading cause of death in children under the age of 5 years old. Currently available treatments for paediatric respiratory diseases including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma, cystic fibrosis and interstitial lung disease...

  • Review
  • Open Access
101 Citations
21,906 Views
20 Pages

27 November 2018

Paediatric pain and its assessment and management are challenging for medical professionals, especially in an urgent care environment. Patients in a paediatric emergency room (PER) often undergo painful procedures which are an additional source of di...

  • Conference Report
  • Open Access
7,746 Views
117 Pages

Abstracts of the 16th European Congress of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology

  • Panagiotis Christopoulos,
  • Anastasia Vatopoulou,
  • Lina Michala,
  • Zuzana Nižňanská,
  • Zoran Stankovic,
  • Evelien Roos,
  • Theodoros Theodoridis,
  • Pandelis Tsimaris,
  • Pallavi Lathe and
  • Žana Bumbulienė
  • + 2 authors

12 December 2024

Objectives of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology (PAG): PAG aims to foster a collaborative environment that bridges knowledge from various disciplines to ensure the highest quality of care for children and adolescents with gynaecological issues. T...

  • Review
  • Open Access
1,093 Views
55 Pages

Three-Dimensionally Printed Paediatric Medicines: Formulation, Process, and Regulatory Considerations

  • Krisztina Petrinca,
  • Zsófia Németh,
  • Ildikó Csóka,
  • Rita Ambrus and
  • Orsolya Jójárt-Laczkovich

Paediatric formulations are pharmaceutical dosage forms specifically designed to meet the physiological, developmental, pharmacokinetic, and practical needs of patients from birth to adolescence. Developing safe, effective, and age-appropriate medici...

  • Review
  • Open Access
24 Citations
6,956 Views
12 Pages

Paediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH)—A Review

  • Andrew Malem,
  • Twishaa Sheth and
  • Brinda Muthusamy

29 June 2021

Paediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), is a rare but important differential diagnosis in children presenting with papilloedema. It is characterised by raised intracranial pressure in the absence of an identifiable secondary structural...

  • Review
  • Open Access
42 Citations
16,544 Views
28 Pages

9 June 2015

The objective of this paper was to review existing information regarding food effects on drug absorption within paediatric populations. Mechanisms that underpin food–drug interactions were examined to consider potential differences between adult and...

  • Review
  • Open Access
42 Citations
11,057 Views
22 Pages

In the pharmaceutical technology, paediatric population still presents the greatest challenge in terms of developing flexible and appropriate drug dosage forms. As for many medicines, there is a lack of paediatric dosage forms adequate for a child’s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
3,594 Views
10 Pages

Guideline Adherence of Paediatric Urolithiasis: An EAU Members’ Survey and Expert Panel Roundtable Discussion

  • Beatriz Bañuelos Marco,
  • Bernhard Haid,
  • Anna Radford,
  • Thomas Knoll,
  • Sajid Sultan,
  • Anne-Françoise Spinoit,
  • Manuela Hiess,
  • Simone Sforza,
  • Rianne J. M. Lammers and
  • on behalf of the EAU Young Academic Urologists (YAU) Paediatric Urology Group
  • + 4 authors

Background: Paediatric nephrolithiasis has increased globally, requiring standardized recommendations. This study aims to assess the paediatric urolithiasis care between EAU members along with the statements of three experts in this field. Methods: T...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,119 Views
13 Pages

Prevalence, Management, and Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation in Paediatric Patients: Insights from a Tertiary Cardiology Centre

  • Andreia Duarte Constante,
  • Joana Suarez,
  • Guilherme Lourenço,
  • Guilherme Portugal,
  • Pedro Silva Cunha,
  • Mário Martins Oliveira,
  • Conceição Trigo,
  • Fátima F. Pinto and
  • Sérgio Laranjo

15 September 2024

Background and Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is increasingly recognised in paediatric patients, presenting unique challenges in management due to its association with various underlying heart conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the preval...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,053 Views
12 Pages

Robotic Approach to Paediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases: A Systematic Review

  • Rauand Duhoky,
  • Harry Claxton,
  • Guglielmo Niccolò Piozzi and
  • Jim S. Khan

22 February 2024

Introduction: The use of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for paediatric surgery has been on the rise since the early 2000s and is complicated by factors unique to paediatric surgery. The rise of robotic surgery has presented an opportunity in MIS fo...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,592 Views
22 Pages

Mapping of Data-Sharing Repositories for Paediatric Clinical Research—A Rapid Review

  • Mariagrazia Felisi,
  • Fedele Bonifazi,
  • Maddalena Toma,
  • Claudia Pansieri,
  • Rebecca Leary,
  • Victoria Hedley,
  • Ronald Cornet,
  • Giorgio Reggiardo,
  • Annalisa Landi and
  • Adriana Ceci
  • + 6 authors

20 April 2024

The reuse of paediatric individual patient data (IPD) from clinical trials (CTs) is essential to overcome specific ethical, regulatory, methodological, and economic issues that hinder the progress of paediatric research. Sharing data through reposito...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
5,628 Views
11 Pages

Development and Evaluation of a Web-Based Paediatric Drug Information System for Germany

  • Julia Zahn,
  • Stefan Wimmer,
  • Wolfgang Rödle,
  • Irmgard Toni,
  • Brita Sedlmayr,
  • Hans-Ulrich Prokosch,
  • Wolfgang Rascher and
  • Antje Neubert

Background: Off-label use is frequent in paediatrics but that does not necessarily mean that the risk-benefit ratio is negative. Nevertheless, evidence-based data is essential for safe drug therapy. In Germany, there is no publicly available compendi...

  • Review
  • Open Access
17 Citations
4,182 Views
9 Pages

The uptake of robot-assisted surgery has continuously grown since its advent in the 1990s. While robot-assisted surgery is well-established in adult surgery, the rate of uptake in paediatric surgical centres has been slower. The advantages of a robot...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,672 Views
18 Pages

Multiplex Screening for Interacting Compounds in Paediatric Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

  • Lauren V. Cairns,
  • Katrina M. Lappin,
  • Alexander Mutch,
  • Ahlam Ali,
  • Kyle B. Matchett and
  • Ken I. Mills

21 September 2021

Paediatric acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease characterised by the malignant transformation of myeloid precursor cells with impaired differentiation. Standard therapy for paediatric AML has remained largely unchanged for over fo...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,267 Views
25 Pages

Paediatric high-grade gliomas are among the most common malignancies found in children. Despite morphological similarities to their adult counterparts, there are profound biological and molecular differences. Furthermore, and thanks to molecular biol...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2,717 Views
19 Pages

Paroxysmal Dyskinesias in Paediatric Age: A Systematic Review

  • Giulia Pisanò,
  • Martina Gnazzo,
  • Giulia Sigona,
  • Carlo Alberto Cesaroni,
  • Agnese Pantani,
  • Anna Cavalli,
  • Susanna Rizzi,
  • Daniele Frattini and
  • Carlo Fusco

22 August 2025

Background: Paroxysmal dyskinesias (PDs) are rare, episodic movement disorders characterized by sudden and involuntary hyperkinetic motor events. In paediatric populations, their diagnosis is often complicated by clinical overlap with epilepsy and ot...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,329 Views
12 Pages

Facts and Challenges about Asthma and COVID-19 among the Paediatric Population: A Systematic Literature Review

  • Emilia Moreno-Sánchez,
  • Estefanía Castillo-Viera,
  • Emilia Vélez-Moreno and
  • Francisco-Javier Gago-Valiente

29 November 2021

A systematic review of the literature was conducted to analyse the factors that affect the probability of the paediatric asthma population suffering from COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2, such as asthma phenotypes, inhaled corticosteroids, and the effects of l...

  • Project Report
  • Open Access
5 Citations
5,134 Views
11 Pages

31 March 2021

Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an emerging radiographic imaging modality. The diagnostic benefit must exceed the individual detriment that its generally higher radiation exposure may cause. Since limited studies exist on the use and impact o...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
6,352 Views
15 Pages

5 October 2023

Introduction: The provision of dental care for paediatric patients with inherited bleeding disorders (IBD) can present a challenging scenario for dentists. Although patients with a low bleeding risk can safely receive preventive procedures in the com...

  • Review
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,936 Views
12 Pages

Donation after Circulatory Death Liver Transplantation in Paediatric Recipients

  • Alessandro Parente,
  • Fabio Tirotta,
  • Vincenzo Ronca,
  • Andrea Schlegel and
  • Paolo Muiesan

Waiting list mortality together, with limited availability of organs, are one of the major challenges in liver transplantation (LT). Especially in the paediatric population, another limiting factor is the scarcity of transplantable liver grafts due t...

  • Review
  • Open Access
831 Views
19 Pages

Challenges and Innovations in Paediatric Brain Tumour Treatments

  • Nadia Shah,
  • Jessica Sohl,
  • Massimo Ganassi,
  • Loredana Guglielmi and
  • Sara Badodi

Paediatric brain tumours are the most common solid tumours and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in children. Current treatment, which includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, has improved survival for some types of them but is a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
8 Citations
2,636 Views
18 Pages

Collecting Paediatric Health-Related Quality of Life Data: Assessing the Feasibility and Acceptability of the Australian Paediatric Multi-Instrument Comparison (P-MIC) Study

  • Renee Jones,
  • Rachel O’Loughlin,
  • Xiuqin Xiong,
  • Mina Bahrampour,
  • Kristy McGregor,
  • Shilana Yip,
  • Nancy Devlin,
  • Harriet Hiscock,
  • Brendan Mulhern and
  • on behalf of the Quality of Life in Kids: Key Evidence to Strengthen Decisions in Australia (QUOKKA) Project Team
  • + 1 author

26 September 2023

Background: Collecting data using paediatric health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments is complex, and there is a paucity of evidence regarding the comparative performance of paediatric HRQoL instruments. The Australian Paediatric Multi-Inst...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,664 Views
11 Pages

Management of Paediatric Cardiac Arrest due to Shockable Rhythm—A Simulation-Based Study at Children’s Hospitals in a German Federal State

  • Nadine Mand,
  • Marieke Hoffmann,
  • Anja Schwalb,
  • Andreas Leonhardt,
  • Martin Sassen,
  • Tina Stibane,
  • Rolf Felix Maier and
  • Carolin Donath

27 June 2024

(1) Background: To improve the quality of emergency care for children, the Hessian Ministry for Social Affairs and Integration offered paediatric simulation-based training (SBT) for all children’s hospitals in Hesse. We investigated the quality...

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