679 Results Found

This investigation was carried out to highlight the influence of the variation of permeability of the porous media with respect to the injection orientations during enhanced gas recovery (EGR) by CO2 injection using different core samples of differen...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterised by widespread damage of the central nervous system that includes alterations in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and demyelinating white matter (WM) lesions. Neurite orientation dispersion and density imag...

The property of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based composites are significantly dependent on the orientation and dispersion evolution of CNTs in the polymer matrix. In this work, the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations are employed to discover...

Background and objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects brain white matter microstructure. While diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used to study white matter abnormalities in T2DM, it lacks specificity for complex white matter tracts...

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and diffusion microstructure imaging (DMI) in differentiating molecular...

Although the free water content within the perilesional T2 hyperintense region should differ between glioblastomas (GBM) and brain metastases based on histological differences, the application of classical MR diffusion models has led to inconsistent...

An important approach to molecular diagnostics is integrating organized substances that provide complex molecular level responses to introduced chemical and biological agents with conditions that optimize and distinguish such responses. In this respe...

In this study, the possibility of adding nanocellulose and its dispersion to polyamide 6 (PA6), a polymer with a high melting temperature, is investigated using melt extrusion. The main challenges of the extrusion of these materials are achieving a h...

The orientation and dispersion of nanoparticles can greatly influence the conductivity and mechanical properties of nanocomposites. In this study, the Polypropylene/ Carbon Nanotubes (PP/CNTs) nanocomposites were produced using three different moldin...

Introduction: Despite evidence suggesting deleterious effects of cannabis and nicotine tobacco product (NTP) use on white matter integrity, there have been limited studies examining white matter integrity among users of both cannabis and nicotine. Fu...

This article addresses methods for detection of orientation-modulation data embedded in color dispersed-dot-halftone images. Several state-of-the-art methods for detection of orientation-embedded data in printed halftone images have been proposed, ho...

This article provides an overview of research efforts with an emphasis on the fabrication of metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). Particular attention is devoted to finding the challenges in the production...

Biophysical dispersal models for marine fish larvae are widely used by marine ecologists and managers of fisheries and marine protected areas to predict movement of larval fishes during their pelagic larval duration (PLD). Over the past 25 years, it...

Orientational structures of polymer-dispersed cholesteric liquid crystal under homeotropic anchoring and their transformations under the action of an electric field are studied. The switching of cholesteric droplets between different topological stat...

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed its adequacy in evaluating the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) and lesions in the brain that are difficult to evaluate with routine clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in multiple sclerosis (MS). Recen...

Nanostructured polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (nano-PDLCs) are transparent and optically isotropic materials in which submicron-sized liquid crystal (LC) domains are dispersed within a polymer matrix. Nano-PDLCs can induce birefringence by applyin...

There has been an increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases with the rapid increase in aging societies worldwide. Biomarkers that can be used to detect pathological changes before the development of severe neuronal loss and consequently fac...

Differentiating between glioblastomas and solitary brain metastases proves to be a challenging diagnosis for neuroradiologists, as both present with imaging patterns consisting of peritumoral hyperintensities with similar intratumoral texture on trad...

Background: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is used for monitoring purposes for lower-grade glioma (LGG). While the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is clinically used, various DWI models have been developed to better understand the micro-enviro...

The stability of polyacrylate and polyester based aqueous dispersions designed for ultrathin coating of extruded plastic films, especially bi-axially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BOPET), was studied. Also, the effect of the gemini surfactant...

In this paper, we demonstrate the application of a deep learning neural network (DNN) in the dispersion-oriented inverse design of photonic-crystal fiber (PCF) for the fine-tuning of four-wave mixing (FWM). The empirical formula of PCF dispersion is...

Cellulose is being considered as a suitable renewable reinforcement for materials production. In particular, cellulose based composites are attracting global interest for their unique and intrinsic properties such as strength to weight ratio, dimensi...

The current paper is aimed to investigate the effects of waviness, random orientation, and agglomeration factor of nanoreinforcements on wave propagation in fluid-conveying multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-reinforced nanocomposite cylindrical s...

Although l-carnitine alleviated white-matter lesions in an experimental study, the treatment effects of l-carnitine on white-matter microstructural damage and cognitive decline in hemodialysis patients are unknown. Using novel diffusion magnetic reso...

This study aimed to evaluate tumor changes due to chemotherapy with temozolomide (TMZ) in terms of quantitative values measured by APT imaging and NODDI. We performed TMZ treatment (administered orally by gavage to the TMZ-40 mg and TMZ-60 mg groups)...

Patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) undergo adaptive supraspinal changes. However, it remains unknown how subcortical white matter changes reflect the gray matter loss. The current study investigated the interrelationship between gra...

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of pharmaceuticals has been centered around the idea of personalized patient-based ‘on-demand’ medication. Fused deposition modeling (FDM)-based 3D printing processes provide the capability to create comple...

A mark–release–recapture experiment was conducted to evaluate the orientation of spotted lanternfly (SLF) Lycorma delicatula White (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) nymphs when released equidistant between two trees. The experiment was repeated wee...

We examined neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in patients with migraine. We found that patients with medication overuse headache exhibited lower orientation dispersion than those without. Moreover, orientation dispersion in the body...

In order to explore the relationship between the microstructure and macroscopic properties of PA510/SiO2 films, the effect of the stretching on the crystal structure and crystal orientation of stretched PA510/SiO2 films was studied. It could be seen...

Spatiotemporal optical vortices with arbitrary tilt angles can be generated by adjusting spatial chirp and beam size at a phase modulation plane in a pulse shaper setup. A grating pair setup is proposed to generate variable spatial chirp independent...

The calculation of the three-dimensional atmospheric dispersion model is often time-consuming, which makes the model difficult to apply to the emergency field. With the aim of addressing this problem, we propose a parallel computing algorithm for the...

Composites of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles dispersed in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix were prepared by a molding process. Two types of samples were obtained by free polymerization with randomly dispersed particles and by polymerization in a...

Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) filled with anisotropic materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit electrical behavior governed by percolation through filler networks. While filler volume and shape are commonly studied, the influence of o...

The linear and nonlinear oscillatory shear, extensional and combined rheology-dielectric spectroscopy of hybrid polymer nanocomposites for semiconductive applications were investigated in this study. The main focus was the influence of processing con...

Orientation birefringence and its wavelength dispersion are studied for hot-drawn films of cellulose esters such as cellulose triacetate (CTA), cellulose diacetate (CDA), and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP) exposed to three different humidities of...

Hybrid polymeric materials incorporating carbon nanostructures or inorganic constituents stand as a promising class of materials exhibiting distinct but also complementary features. Carbon nanotubes have been proposed as unique candidates for polymer...

This review paper deals with the dielectric and elastic characterization of composite materials constituted by dispersions of nonlinear inclusions embedded in a linear matrix. The dielectric theory deals with pseudo-oriented particles shaped as ellip...

The contraction/expansion laminar flow containing rodlike particles in power-law fluid is studied numerically when the particles are in a dilute phase. The fluid velocity vector and streamline of flow are given at the finite Reynolds number (Re) regi...

In the field of CO2 capture and sequestration, ensuring the safety of pipeline infrastructure is paramount to successful climate change mitigation efforts. This study investigates the dynamics of CO2 dispersion from pipeline systems, assessing not on...

The thermal conductivity of particulate nanocomposites is strongly dependent on the size, shape, orientation and dispersion uniformity of the inclusions. To correctly estimate the effective thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite, all these factors...

Nanoarchitectural control of matter is crucial for next-generation technologies. DNA origami templates are harnessed to accurately position single molecules; however, direct single molecule evidence is lacking regarding how well DNA origami can contr...

Geographical location and landforms of various types have strong effects on the developments of many cities and associated street networks. This study presents new results of landform effects, in particular the geometry of shorelines, on the grid str...

The effects of wet mixing and traditional mixing on the properties of radial-orientation basalt fiber-reinforced rubber products were studied through experiments. The results show that compared with traditional mixing, the basalt fibers under the wet...

The influence of the average surface area of different graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) on the thermo-electrical behaviour, associated with Joule heating, and the attenuation of electromagnetic signals of epoxy composites has been studied, analysing the...

The crystallography of the eutectic Al-Si microstructure in both unmodified and Sr (0.2 wt.%)-modified hypereutectic Al-20 wt.% Si alloys, processed via arc-melting and laser surface remelting, has been comprehensively characterized using transmissio...

A polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film is a device that can transition from opaque to transparent when electrically charged. These films can be used as actuators to control light levels in response to changing natural light. However, the curr...

The number of COVID-19 fatalities fluctuated widely across United States (US) counties. The number of deaths is stochastic. When the average number of deaths is equal to the dispersion, the distribution is the usual Poisson. When the average number o...

The plasma-transferred arc technology has been observed to induce preferential grain orientation in multiple directions, leading to nonuniform grain growth within the alloy coating material. The addition of nano-oxides can act as heterogeneous nuclea...

Soft nanocomposites were prepared by dispersing lipophilic carbon quantum dots (CQDs) in the liquid crystal compound 8CB. The quality of the dispersion was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy, while the microstructure of the samples was examined...