Neutrophils readily infiltrate infection foci, phagocytose and usually destroy microbes. In tuberculosis (TB), a chronic pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), neutrophils harbor bacilli, are abundant in tissue lesions, and t...
Neutrophils are short-lived and terminally differentiated cells, and therefore, have been considered as effector cells to phagocytose pathogens and kill them or damage tissues [...]
Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) play a key role in phosphoinositide signaling by removing diacylglycerol and generating phosphatidic acid. Besides the well-documented role of DGKα and DGKζ as negative regulators of lymphocyte responses, a ro...
Several studies have indicated that a neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, apart from its role in host defense, can contribute to or drive pathogenesis in a wide range of inflammatory and thrombotic disorders. Therefore, NETs may serve as a...
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are traditionally regarded as professional phagocytic and acute inflammatory cells that engulf the microbial pathogens. However, accumulating data have suggested that PMNs are multi-potential cells exhibiting many...
(1) Background: Studying neutrophils in vitro is difficult since these cells are terminally differentiated and are easily activated during isolation. At the same time, most of the available model cell lines are associated with certain limitations, su...
Here we use the SCIREQ InExpose system to simulate a biologically relevant vaping model in mice to investigate the role of calcium signaling in vape-dependent pulmonary disease as well as to investigate if there is a gender-based difference of diseas...
β2 integrins are expressed on all leukocytes. Precise regulation of the β2 integrin is critical for leukocyte adhesion and trafficking. In neutrophils, β2 integrins participate in slow rolling. When activated by inside–out signal...
Severe COVID-19 patients present a clinical and laboratory overlap with other hyperinflammatory conditions such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). However, the underlying mechanisms of these conditions remain to be explored. Here, we invest...
Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocytes in humans. Neutrophil infiltration into tumor tissues has long been observed but its roles have been ignored due to the presumed short life cycle and metabolic incompetence of neutrophils. Rece...
Traditionally considered as homogeneous innate immune cells, neutrophils are now found to exhibit phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. How to determine whether the functional changes of neutrophils are caused by activation or the result of gene r...
Neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) contribute to thrombosis and hyperinflammation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). High-density neutrophils (HDNs) and low-density neutrophils (LDNs) have recently been characterized as distinc...
In the field of advanced melanoma, there is an urgent need to investigate novel approaches targeting specific components of the cancer–immunity cycle beyond immune checkpoint inhibitors. The authors reviewed the basic understanding of the role...
Neutrophils are considered as the main player in innate immunity. In the last few years, it has been shown that they are involved in different physiological conditions and diseases. However, progress in the field of neutrophil biology is relatively s...
Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in humans and the first responders to be recruited at the site of injury. They exhibit high microbicidal activity and a combination of cytotoxic mechanisms that may lead to bystander tissue damage. Howev...
Inflammatory diseases involve numerous disorders and medical conditions defined by an insufficient level of self-tolerance. These diseases evolve over the course of a multi-step process through which environmental variables play a crucial role in the...
Neutrophils, a first-line defender, has a multifaceted presence in chronic inflammation, autoimmune pathology, and tumor progression. The microenvironmental cues facilitate functional plasticity and phenotypic heterogeneity to neutrophils that enable...
As key effector cells of the innate immune response, neutrophils are rapidly deployed to sites of inflammation where they deliver a payload of potent effector mechanisms that are essential for host defense against pathogens as well as tissue homeosta...
Neutrophils are key cells of the innate immune system. It is now understood that this leukocyte population is diverse in both the basal composition and functional plasticity. Underlying this plasticity is a post-translational framework for rapidly ac...
Neutrophils are short-lived cells that play a crucial role in inflammation. As in other tissues, these polymorphonuclear phagocytes are involved in the intestinal inflammatory response, on the one hand, contributing to the activation and recruitment...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease that causes chronic pain and disability. Different innate immune components, including macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils, participate in OA pathophysiology. Neutrophils are the mos...
Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating leukocytes and essential components of innate immunity. Through mechanisms such as phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, degranulation, and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation,...
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a disease characterised by the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques on the inner walls of blood vessels, resulting in their narrowing. In its early stages, atherosclerosis remains asymptomatic and undetectable by convention...
Neutrophils have a prominent role in all human immune responses against any type of pathogen or stimulus. The lungs are a major neutrophil reservoir and neutrophilic inflammation is a primary response to both infectious and non-infectious challenges....
Over the past decade, research has prominently established neutrophils as key contributors to the intricate landscape of tumor immune biology. As polymorphonuclear granulocytes within the innate immune system, neutrophils play a pivotal and abundant...
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the role of neutrophils in cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) with evidence supporting their role in the initiation, progression, and rupture of atherosclerotic plaque. Although these cells have l...
Recent efforts in brain tumor research have been directed towards the modulation of the immune system for therapeutic interventions. Several human cancers, including gliomas, are infiltrated with immune cell types—including neutrophils and myel...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is often associated with metastasis and recurrence and is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. In the progression of CRC, recent studies have highlighted the critical role of neutrophils, particularly tumor-associate...
Neutrophilic asthma (NA) is an inflammatory phenotype of asthma, characterized by predominantly neutrophilic infiltrations in bronchial mucosa. It is usually diagnosed on the basis of high neutrophil count in induced sputum (from >40% to >76%)...
Neutrophils play a key role in cancer biology. In contrast to circulating normal-density neutrophils (NDN), the amount of low-density neutrophils (LDN) significantly increases with tumor progression. The correlation between these neutrophil subpopula...
Neutrophils with immunosuppressive activity are polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and may contribute to the resistance to cancer immunotherapy. A major gap for understanding and targeting these cells is the paucity of cell li...
Neutrophils, accounting for 50–70% of circulating leukocytes, exhibit remarkable plasticity in tumor biology. Depending on tumor type and microenvironmental cues, they can exert either anti-tumor or pro-tumor effects. During tumor initiation, n...
Several studies have reported an association between levels of circulating blood cells, in particular the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (absolute neutrophil count (ANC)/absolute lymphocyte count (ALC)) and outcomes in patients with cancer. In the cu...
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is a versatile tool for studying a wide range of materials. It is well suited for investigating living matter, for example, in single-cell neutrophil studies. SPM has been extensively utilized to analyze cell physical...
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) recently emerged as a newly recognized contributor to venous and arterial thrombosis. These strands of DNA, extruded by activated or dying neutrophils, decorated with various protein mediators, become solid-state...
Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines are a form of immunotherapy that activates the innate and adaptive immune systems to combat cancers. Neutrophils contribute to cancer biology and have the potential to be exploited by immunotherapeutic platfo...
We previously demonstrated that in BAP1-proficient pleural mesothelioma cells, CDKN2A is critical for mediating the response to selective EZH2 inhibition and highlighted a complex interplay between epigenetic regulation and the tumor immune microenvi...
Cell lines of monocyte/macrophage origin are often used as model systems to study monocyte/macrophage biology. A relevant question is how similar these cell lines are to their in vivo counterparts? To address this issue, we performed a detailed analy...
Neutrophils are the most abundant circulating blood cell type in humans, and are the first white blood cells recruited at the inflammation site where they orchestrate the initial immune response. Although their presence at the tumor site was recogniz...
Philadelphia chromosome negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are composed of polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The clinical picture is determined by constitutional symptoms and complication...
Stroke is one of the leading causes of adult disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. The immune system actively participates in the pathobiological process of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), during the index event and the repair proc...
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a unique DNA framework decorated with antimicrobial peptides, have been in the scientific limelight for their role in a variety of pathologies ranging from cystic fibrosis to cancer. The formation of NETs, as we...
(1) Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is caused by the Merkel cell polyomavirus and UV radiation. Understanding of the underlying biology is limited, but identification of prognostic markers may lead to better prognostic stratification for the...
Human milk is a complex biofluid containing a diverse array of cells crucial for infant health. Despite their importance, our understanding of these cells remains incomplete due to technical challenges. To fully comprehend human milk cells, high-reso...
Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators that play pivotal roles in acute and chronic inflammation and allergic diseases. They exert their biological effects by binding to specific G-protein-coupled receptors. Each LT receptor subtype exhibits unique f...
Accumulating studies highlight a critical role of myeloid cells in cancer biology and therapy. The myeloid cells constitute the major components of tumor microenvironment (TME). The most studied tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) include monocyte...
The human Poly ADP-ribose Polymerase (PARP) family comprises 17 enzymes responsible for the transfer of ADP-ribose to proteins, forming poly- or mono-ADP-ribosylation. This post-translational modification regulates DNA repair and programmed cell deat...
Low-density granulocytes (LDGs) have been characterized as important immune cells during healthy and disease states in humans, including microbial infections, cancer, and autoimmune dysfunction. However, the classification of this cell type is simila...
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are formed after neutrophils expelled their chromatin content in order to primarily capture and eliminate pathogens. However, given their characteristics due in part to DNA and different granular proteins, NETs m...
Lactoferrin is a multifunctional glycoprotein showing multiple biological properties (antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, antigenotoxic, prebiotic, probiotic) that play an essential role in maintaining host physiological homeostatic condition by e...
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