43 Results Found

Remote sensing of atmospheric hydrogen fluoride (HF) is challenging because it has weak absorption signatures in the atmosphere and is surrounded by strong absorption lines from interfering gases. In this study, we first present a multi-year time ser...

In order to investigate the impact of environmental temperature and atmospheric humidity on the leakage and diffusion of hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas, this study focused on the real scenario of an HF chemical industrial park. Based on the actual disper...

One way to support the development of new safety practices in testing and field failure situations of electric vehicles and their lithium-ion (Li-ion) traction batteries is to conduct studies simulating plausible incident scenarios. This paper focuse...

With the rising adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), fire-related issues have garnered significant attention, prompting extensive research efforts. This study investigates the dispersion of toxic gases generated during EV fires in confined spaces, su...

The authors would like to make the following correction of Authorship, Author Contributions and Acknowledgment [...]

We have investigated the bulk and surface properties of the group II metal fluorides CaF 2 , SrF 2 and BaF 2 using periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations and surface thermodynamics. Our bulk results show that the...

Femtosecond laser irradiation followed by chemical etching (FLICE) with hydrogen fluoride (HF) is an emerging technique for the fabrication of directly buried, three-dimensional microfluidic channels in silica. The procedure, as described in literatu...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of fluorinated synthetic chemicals that are highly recalcitrant, toxic, and bio-accumulative and have been detected in biosolids worldwide, posing potential risks to humans and the environment. R...

Owing to excellent mechanical property and biodegradation, magnesium-based alloys have been widely investigated for temporary implants such as cardiovascular stent and bone graft; however, the fast biodegradation in physiological environment and the...

This work discusses the possibility of decomposing magnesium fluoride by ionized water vapor to form solid magnesium oxide and hydrogen gas in the reaction: MgF2 + H2O → MgO + 2HF. The technology and individual apparatuses of the plasma-chemical...

A series of thermal decomposition experiments were conducted over a temperature range of 873–1073 K to evaluate the thermal stability of 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (HFO-1336mzz(Z)) and the production of hydrogen fluoride (HF). According to...

Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is a typical dangerous gas in the fluorine chemical industry. Its leakage is one of the most common types of accidents in this industry, and it poses a serious threat to personnel safety and health, environmental sanitation, an...

To guarantee the security of new energy vehicles (NEV), which include energy storage devices such as batteries, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor was designed to detect online the HF gas produced from the leakage of electrolyte in the power...

The effects of anodized titanium (Ti) with a potential hydrogen fluoride (HF) acid pretreatment through cathodization on the formation of nano-porous Ti dioxide (TiO2) layer were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, grazin...

The effect of testing temperature and storage period on the polarization fatigue properties of poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF–TrFE)) ultrathin film devices were investigated. The experimental results show that, even after stored...

The carbonylation at the benzyl C-Hal bonds (Hal = F, Cl) of a number of polyfluorinated alkylbenzenes and benzocycloalkenes using carbon monoxide in the presence of SbF5 is described. The reaction provided the corresponding α-arylcarboxylic ac...

Internal discharge and overheating faults in sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas-insulated electrical equipment will generate a series of characteristic gas products. Hydrogen fluoride (HF) is one of the main decomposition gases under discharge failure. Be...

Silicon tetrafluoride (SiF4), being a toxic gas, contains abundant fluorine and silicon resources. However, at present, the extraction of these resources from SiF4 remains a significant challenge for current technologies. Microwave plasma emerges as...

The effects of the nano-titanium hydrides (nano-γ-TiH) phase on the formation of nanoporous Ti oxide layer by the potential approach (hydrogen fluoride (HF) pretreatment and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) anodization) were investigated using scanning...

Studies have shown that the incorporation of fluorine into materials can improve their properties, but C–F bonds are not readily formed in nature. Although some researchers have studied the reaction of fluorinating alkenes catalyzed by hyperval...

The fabrication of semiconductor devices with three-dimensional architectures imposes unprecedented demands on advanced plasma dry etching processes. These include the simultaneous requirements of high throughput, high material selectivity, and preci...

A multi-technique approach based on Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry, gas phase chromatography, mass spectrometry, NMR and IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and quantum-chemical calculations was used to study the evaporation of 1-butyl-3-methylimi...

Safety issues concerning the use of large lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries in electrified vehicles are discussed based on the abuse test results of Li-ion cells together with safety devices for cells. The presented abuse tests are: overcharge, short ci...

Two barium hexafluoridoosmates, Ba(OsF6)2 and BaOsF6, were synthesized and were characterized for the first time using X-ray powder and single crystal diffraction, IR spectroscopy, as well as NMR spectroscopy in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride. Ba(OsF6)2...

The Hall–Héroult aluminum production process generates lithium-rich waste barrier materials, which are challenging to process using conventional acid leaching due to the environmental risks posed by hydrofluoric acid (HF) emissions. This...

As semiconductor devices become miniaturized, the importance of the molecular-level understanding of the fabrication processes is growing. Titanium nitride (TiN) is an important material utilized in various architectural components of semiconductor d...

The lithium-ion battery (LIB) thermal runaway (TR) emits a wide size range of particles with diverse chemical compositions. When inhaled, these particles can cause serious adverse health effects. This study measured the size distributions of particle...

Smelter grade alumina (SGA) plays multiple roles in the Hall–Héroult process for primary aluminum production. Given its very porous nature, one major role of SGA is to adsorb toxic hydrogen fluoride (HF) in the dry scrubber. However, als...

Glass-ceramic spray deposition (GCSD) is a novel technique for coating lithium disilicate (LD) glass-ceramics onto zirconia through simple tempering steps. GCSD has been proven to improve the bonding of zirconia to resin cement, but the effect of etc...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been used as electrochemical energy storage devices in various fields, ranging from mobile phones to electric vehicles. LIBs are composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a binder. A...

MXene, a two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial with diverse applications, has gained significant attention due to its 2D lamellar structure, abundance of surface groups, and conductivity. Despite various established synthesis methods since its discovery...

New surface mounting and packaging technologies, using self-assembly with chips having cavity structures, were investigated for three-dimensional (3D) and hetero integration of complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS) and microelectromechanica...

Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is commonly used as an etchant for the pretreatment of dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials, such as glass-ceramics and resin composites. Despite its effectiveness, the harmful and hazar...

Considering the isotropic release process of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMSs), defining the active region of NEM memory switches is one of the most challenging process technologies for the implementation of monolithic-three-dimensional (M3D) CMO...

With a rising emphasis on public safety and quality of life, there is an urgent need to ensure optimal air quality, both indoors and outdoors. Detecting toxic gaseous compounds plays a pivotal role in shaping our sustainable future. This review aims...

The increasing global market size of high-energy storage devices due to the boom in electric vehicles and portable electronics has caused the battery industry to produce a lot of waste lithium-ion batteries. The liberation and de-agglomeration of cat...

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid molecule involved in various cellular processes. It is important to develop a quantitative method for S1P to determine endogenous levels and to investigate its functions. As S1P is a tiny lipid compo...

The cycling of copper (Cu) and its isotopes in the modern ocean is controlled by the interplay of biology, redox settings, and organic complexation. To help build a robust understanding of Cu cycling in the modern ocean and investigate the potential...

The fabrication and testing of spiral microchannels with a trapezoidal cross section for the passive separation of microparticles is reported in this article. In contrast to previously reported fabrication methods, the fabrication of trapezoidal spir...

The role of the protein phosphorylation mechanism in the mobilization of vegetative storage proteins (VSPs) is totally unknown. Patatin is the major VSP of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber that encompasses multiple differentially phosphorylate...

HFC-134a, one of the representative hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) used as a coolant gas, is a known greenhouse gas with high global warming potential. Catalytic decomposition is considered a promising technology for the removal of fluorinated hydrocarbon...

This work demonstrates the corrosion behavior of the AZ31 Mg alloy as a function of an immersion time of 48 h in 0.1 M HCl, H2SO4, H3PO4 and HF solutions, in which pH was adjusted to 6 to exclude the contribution of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide i...

The electrolyte is one of the components that releases the most heat during the thermal runaway (TR) and combustion process of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Therefore, the thermal hazard of the electrolyte has a significant impact on the safety of LI...