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272 Results Found

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
4,599 Views
13 Pages

Utilising Commercially Fabricated Printed Circuit Boards as an Electrochemical Biosensing Platform

  • Uroš Zupančič,
  • Joshua Rainbow,
  • Pedro Estrela and
  • Despina Moschou

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) offer a promising platform for the development of electronics-assisted biomedical diagnostic sensors and microsystems. The long-standing industrial basis offers distinctive advantages for cost-effective, reproducible, an...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
6,245 Views
15 Pages

Impact of Carbon Felt Electrode Pretreatment on Anodic Biofilm Composition in Microbial Electrolysis Cells

  • Sabine Spiess,
  • Jiri Kucera,
  • Hathaichanok Seelajaroen,
  • Amaia Sasiain,
  • Sophie Thallner,
  • Klemens Kremser,
  • David Novak,
  • Georg M. Guebitz and
  • Marianne Haberbauer

26 May 2021

Sustainable technologies for energy production and storage are currently in great demand. Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) offer promising solutions for both. Several attempts have been made to improve carbon felt electrode characteristics with vari...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,576 Views
16 Pages

Electrochemical Pretreatment and Functionalization of Pencil Graphite Electrodes for Enhanced Transducer Performance in Biosensing

  • Rafael Mendes Coelho,
  • Alexandre Rafael Moraes da Silva,
  • Geycson Figueiredo Dias,
  • Danilo Bretas de Oliveira,
  • Arnaldo César Pereira,
  • Diego Leoni Franco and
  • Lucas Franco Ferreira

This study aimed to optimize the electrochemical pretreatment and functionalization of pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) for the performance evaluation of a transducer applied in initial studies in the development of an immunosensor for vaccinia viru...

  • Communication
  • Open Access
18 Citations
4,807 Views
12 Pages

Pretreated Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode and Cu Nanoparticles for Creatinine Detection in Artificial Saliva

  • Angelica Domínguez-Aragón,
  • Alain Salvador Conejo-Dávila,
  • Erasto Armando Zaragoza-Contreras and
  • Rocio Berenice Dominguez

Creatinine is the final metabolic product of creatine in muscles and a widely accepted biomarker for chronic kidney disease. In this work, we present a non-enzymatic sensor based on an electrochemical pretreated screen-printed carbon electrode (PTSPC...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
1,059 Views
14 Pages

White-Rot Fungal Pretreatment for High-Performance Bamboo-Derived Carbon-Based Supercapacitor Electrodes

  • Jian Zhang,
  • Lin Lin,
  • Tianyao Jiang,
  • Jiaming Cao,
  • Jun Zhang,
  • Jing Qin and
  • Hengnan Liang

20 August 2025

Bamboo, as a rapidly renewable biomass material, has garnered significant attention in contemporary research due to its cost effectiveness as a viable source for supercapacitor electrode materials. However, untreated bamboo as an electrode material o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,782 Views
13 Pages

The Enhanced Performance of NiCuOOH/NiCu(OH)2 Electrode Using Pre-Conversion Treatment for the Electrochemical Oxidation of Ammonia

  • Xuejiao Yin,
  • Jiaxin Wen,
  • Jujiao Zhao,
  • Ran An,
  • Ruolan Zhang,
  • Yin Xiong,
  • Yanzong Tao,
  • Lingxin Wang,
  • Yuhang Liu and
  • Huanyu Zhou
  • + 1 author

Electrochemical oxidation of ammonia is an attractive process for wastewater treatment, hydrogen production, and ammonia fuel cells. However, the sluggish kinetics of the anode reaction has limited its applications, leading to a high demand for novel...

  • Review
  • Open Access
16 Citations
7,388 Views
32 Pages

Recent Developments in Heavy Metals Detection: Modified Electrodes, Pretreatment Methods, Prediction Models and Algorithms

  • Yujie Shi,
  • Shijie Zhang,
  • Hang Zhou,
  • Yue Dong,
  • Gang Liu,
  • Wenshuai Ye,
  • Renjie He and
  • Guo Zhao

17 January 2025

Heavy metal pollution has become an increasingly serious environmental issue, making the detection of heavy metals essential for safeguarding public health and the environment. This review aims to highlight the commonly used methods for detecting hea...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,141 Views
13 Pages

27 April 2021

Anaerobic digestion (AD) appears to be a popular unit operation in wastewater treatment plant to treat waste activated sludge (WAS) and the produced methane gas can be harvested as renewable energy. However, WAS could inhibit hydrolysis stage during...

  • Review
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,820 Views
42 Pages

Advancements in Mercury-Free Electrochemical Sensors for Iron Detection: A Decade of Progress in Electrode Materials and Modifications

  • Mahsa Motshakeri,
  • Barbara Angoro,
  • Anthony R. J. Phillips,
  • Darren Svirskis,
  • Paul A. Kilmartin and
  • Manisha Sharma

27 February 2025

Efforts to quantify iron ion concentrations across fields such as environmental, chemical, health, and food sciences have intensified over the past decade, which drives advancements in analytical methods, particularly electrochemical sensors known fo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
7,589 Views
12 Pages

Effects of Pretreatment Methods on Electrodes and SOFC Performance

  • Guo-Bin Jung,
  • Li-Hsing Fang,
  • Min-Jay Chiou,
  • Xuan-Vien Nguyen,
  • Ay Su,
  • Win-Tai Lee,
  • Shu-Wei Chang,
  • I-Cheng Kao and
  • Jyun-Wei Yu

23 June 2014

Commercially available tapes (anode, electrolyte) and paste (cathode) were choosen to prepare anode-supported cells for solid oxide fuel cell applications. For both anode-supported cells or electrolyte-supported cells, the anode needs pretreatment to...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,542 Views
18 Pages

Electrochemical Oxidation of Glyphosate Using Graphite Rod Electrodes: Impact of Acetic Acid Pretreatment on Degradation Efficiency

  • José Treviño-Reséndez,
  • Erick Soto-Hernández,
  • Luis A. Godínez,
  • Irma Robles,
  • Yunny Meas Vong and
  • Josué D. García-Espinoza

28 October 2024

The uncontrolled use of herbicides such as glyphosate (GLY) (N-phosphonomethylglycine) in agricultural production has resulted in its presence in water bodies and in negative impacts on the environment and public health. On the frame of understanding...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,151 Views
13 Pages

Cathodically Pretreated AuNPs–BDD Electrode for Detection of Hexavalent Chromium

  • Yuhao Xu,
  • Chenyu Xiong,
  • Chengyao Gao,
  • Yang Li,
  • Chao Bian and
  • Shanhong Xia

11 December 2020

Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) has strong oxidizing properties and can result in strong carcinogenic effects on human bodies. Therefore, it is necessary to detect hexavalent chromium sensitively and accurately. This article proposes the gold nanoparti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
2,783 Views
12 Pages

Facile Electrochemical Sensor for Sensitive and Selective Determination of Guaifenesin, Phenylephrine and Paracetamol on Electrochemically Pretreated Pencil Graphite Electrode

  • Mihaela Buleandră,
  • Anca Aurelia Pătrașcu,
  • Dana Elena Popa,
  • Iulia Gabriela David,
  • Irinel Adriana Badea and
  • Anton Alexandru Ciucu

29 July 2022

Guaifenesin (GFS), phenylephrine (PHE) and paracetamol (PAR), drugs used in combination for the relief of cold and flu symptoms, were determined at electrochemically pretreated pencil graphite electrode. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used...

  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Citations
3,479 Views
14 Pages

5 January 2023

Direct, rapid, and sensitive detection of drugs in complex biological samples is essential for drug abuse control and health risk assessment. In this work, an electrochemical sensor was fabricated based on equipment of vertically-ordered mesoporous s...

  • Review
  • Open Access
50 Citations
6,749 Views
15 Pages

It follows from critical evaluation of possibilities and limitations of modern voltammetric/amperometric methods that one of the biggest obstacles in their practical applications in real sample analysis is connected with electrode passivation/fouling...

  • Review
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,877 Views
17 Pages

6 March 2023

Pencil graphite electrode (PGE) is an alternative, commercially available, ready-to-use, screen-printed electrode for a wide range of electroanalytical applications. Due to the complex-matrix composition and unpredictable electro-inactive nature of P...

  • Article
  • Open Access
20 Citations
4,189 Views
11 Pages

18 August 2022

Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) polymers such as Nafion are the most frequently used Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) in PEM fuel cells. Nafion XL is one of the most recently developed membranes designed to enhance performance by employing a mechanically...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,805 Views
21 Pages

19 October 2023

With the increasing number of electric vehicles (EVs) rises the need to recycle their used lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). During the mechanical process of the recycling of the LIB cells, a fine fraction, the so-called black mass, is created. This blac...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
4,869 Views
15 Pages

21 May 2019

At present, the preparation of highly porous graphitic activated carbons (HPGACs) using the usual physical and chemical activation methods has met a bottleneck. In this study, HPGACs are directly synthesized from lignite at 900 °C. The whole proc...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
1 Citations
865 Views
5 Pages

Electrocoagulation as a Revived Method for Industrial Wastewater Pre-Treatment

  • Dimitris V. Vayenas,
  • Christina Vasiliki Lazaratou,
  • Maria Gourniezaki,
  • Maria Kakkou,
  • Stavros Koutroupis,
  • Michael Mageiras,
  • Athanasios Iliopoulos and
  • Alexandros Zolotas

This study investigates the efficiency of electrocoagulation–flotation (EC) as a pre-treatment method for industrial wastewater with a high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high levels of suspended solids (TSS), and different colors. Real wastewat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,781 Views
16 Pages

Corrosion Behavior of the Cu24Zn5Al Alloy in Sodium Sulfate Solution in the Presence of 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole

  • Vojka Gardić,
  • Žaklina Z. Tasić,
  • Marija B. Petrović Mihajlović,
  • Milan B. Radovanović and
  • Milan M. Antonijević

8 November 2023

The results of this research on the electrochemical behavior of Cu24Zn5Al alloy in a 0.1 mol/dm3 sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) solution containing 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole (PMT) are presented in this paper. The influence of PMT concentration, chloride...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,495 Views
19 Pages

An Investigative Study on Mixed Waste Feedstock-Derived Biochar as Active Electrode Material for Supercapacitor Applications

  • Sudhakar Pabba,
  • Rajkamal Balu,
  • Arun Krishna Vuppaladadiyam,
  • Ganesh Veluswamy,
  • Manoj Kumar Jena,
  • Ibrahim Gbolahan Hakeem,
  • Namita Roy Choudhury,
  • Abhishek Sharma,
  • Michael Thomas and
  • Aravind Surapaneni
  • + 2 authors

7 April 2025

This work demonstrates the feasibility of using biochars derived from a variety of waste feedstocks, such as food organics and garden organics (FOGOs), garden organics (GOs), and biosolids (BSs), provided by Barwon Water (BW) and South East Water (SE...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,346 Views
11 Pages

Electrochemical Measurements of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes under Different Plasma Treatments

  • Zulaiha Abdul Rahim,
  • Nor Azah Yusof,
  • Muhammad Aniq Shazni Mohammad Haniff,
  • Faruq Mohammad,
  • Mohd Ismahadi Syono and
  • Nurulhaidah Daud

7 October 2018

In the present work, we described the post-treatment effects of applying different plasma atmosphere conditions on the electrochemical performances of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). For the study, a composite of MWCNTs/Co/Ti was successfu...

  • Proceeding Paper
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,352 Views
5 Pages

29 November 2018

Here we report the first PCB-implemented electrochemical glucose biosensor using covalently immobilized glucose oxidase (GOx) on the commercially fabricated PCB electrode surface, taking particular care on the electrode surface characteristics and th...

  • Review
  • Open Access
28 Citations
7,472 Views
20 Pages

The Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries: Crucial Flotation for the Separation of Cathode and Anode Materials

  • Xuesong Ma,
  • Peng Ge,
  • Lisha Wang,
  • Wei Sun,
  • Yongjie Bu,
  • Miaomiao Sun and
  • Yue Yang

The recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted great attention, mainly because of its significant impact on resource recycling and environmental protection. Currently, the processes involved in recovering valuable metals from spent...

  • Review
  • Open Access
2,826 Views
25 Pages

Lithium metal negative electrodes are pivotal for next-generation batteries because of their exceptionally high theoretical capacity and low redox potential. However, their commercialization is constrained by critical challenges, including dendrite f...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,209 Views
15 Pages

Impact of Combined Electrolysis and Activated Sludge Process on Municipal Wastewater Treatment

  • Miroslav Hutňan,
  • Barbora Jankovičová,
  • Ronald Zakhar and
  • Nikola Šoltýsová

25 April 2024

Electrochemical methods for the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater are used either independently or in conjunction with biological methods for pretreatment or posttreatment of biologically treated wastewater. In our work, the combinatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,066 Views
14 Pages

8 June 2025

Although oily sludge is an industrial waste and difficult to separate, its calorific value can still reach 6000 cal/g, thus possessing significant recycling value. This study compares various types of non-thermal plasma for refining oily sludge. The...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,606 Views
21 Pages

Development of a Bifunctional Ti-Based Gas Diffusion Electrode for ORR and OER by One- and Two-Step Pt-Ir Electrodeposition

  • Maximilian Cieluch,
  • Pit Yannick Podleschny,
  • Norbert Kazamer,
  • Florian Josef Wirkert,
  • Ulrich Wilhelm Rost and
  • Michael Brodmann

6 April 2022

The present paper presents one- and two-step approaches for electrochemical Pt and Ir deposition on a porous Ti-substrate to obtain a bifunctional oxygen electrode. Surface pre-treatment of the fiber-based Ti-substrate with oxalic acid provides an al...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
4,313 Views
20 Pages

3D Self-Supported Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes Incorporated Co/CoOx Nanoparticles: Application to Dyes Degradation by Electro-Fenton-Based Process

  • Ahmed Barhoum,
  • Therese Favre,
  • Syreina Sayegh,
  • Fida Tanos,
  • Emerson Coy,
  • Igor Iatsunskyi,
  • Antonio Razzouk,
  • Marc Cretin and
  • Mikhael Bechelany

12 October 2021

We developed free-standing nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber (CNF) electrodes incorporating Co/CoOx nanoparticles (NPs) as a new cathode material for removing Acid Orange 7 (AO7; a dye for wool) from wastewater by the heterogeneous electro-Fenton react...

  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Citations
9,911 Views
11 Pages

5 August 2008

An acetylcholinesterase (AchE) based amperometric biosensor was developed by immobilisation of the enzyme onto a self assembled modified gold electrode. Cyclic voltammetric experiments performed with the SAM-AchE biosensor in phosphate buffer solutio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,090 Views
10 Pages

In recent years, the use of ion-selective membranes in the sensing and assessment of environmental contaminants has become a critical goal. Using sodium tetraphenylborate (TPB) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA) as ion-pairing agents, two sensitive and s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,516 Views
12 Pages

29 March 2024

Advancing microbial fuel cell (MFC) technologies appears to be a crucial direction in bolstering wastewater treatment efforts. It ensures both energy recovery (bioelectricity production) and wastewater pre-treatment. One of the problems in the widesp...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,375 Views
9 Pages

Titanium Oxide Coatings Deposited on MnZn Ferrite by a Molten Salt Reaction

  • Hongyang Wang,
  • Erchuang Cui,
  • Chengbin Wang,
  • Long Yan,
  • Wei Zhang and
  • Guojun Yu

23 February 2022

Using molten salt reactions, Ti oxide coatings were successfully deposited on MnZn ferrite in a NaCl–KCl–K2TiF6 melt. The film formed on the surface of MnZn ferrite had a thickness of up to 20 μm and was composed of Ti oxides. The elec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,135 Views
13 Pages

The application of membrane sensors for the detection and quantification of pharmaceutical environmental contaminants has become a significant goal in recent years. Due to the widespread application of levofloxacin hemihydrate (LEVO) in medicine, its...

  • Article
  • Open Access
10 Citations
5,714 Views
14 Pages

Water Purification and Electrochemical Oxidation: Meeting Different Targets with BDD and MMO Anodes

  • Monika R. Snowdon,
  • Shasvat Rathod,
  • Azar Fattahi,
  • Abrar Khan,
  • Leslie M. Bragg,
  • Robert Liang,
  • Norman Zhou and
  • Mark R. Servos

The complex composition of natural organic matter (NOM) can affect drinking water treatment processes, leading to perceptible and undesired taste, color and odor, and bacterial growth. Further, current treatments tackling NOM can generate carcinogeni...

  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Citations
7,623 Views
11 Pages

Bienzymatic Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Aspartame by Flow Injection Analysis

  • Maria-Cristina Radulescu,
  • Bogdan Bucur,
  • Madalina-Petruta Bucur and
  • Gabriel Lucian Radu

9 January 2014

A rapid, simple and stable biosensor for aspartame detection was developed. Alcohol oxidase (AOX), carboxyl esterase (CaE) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were immobilised with glutaraldehyde (GA) onto screen-printed electrodes modified with cobalt-ph...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
2,002 Views
17 Pages

Effect of Pretreatment on the Nitrogen Doped Activated Carbon Materials Activity towards Oxygen Reduction Reaction

  • Galina Dobele,
  • Ance Plavniece,
  • Aleksandrs Volperts,
  • Aivars Zhurinsh,
  • Daina Upskuviene,
  • Aldona Balciunaite,
  • Vitalija Jasulaitiene,
  • Gediminas Niaura,
  • Martynas Talaikis and
  • Loreta Tamasauskaite-Tamasiunaite
  • + 3 authors

31 August 2023

Nitrogen-doped activated carbons with controlled micro- and mesoporosity were obtained from wood and wastes via chemical processing using pre-treatment (pyrolysis at 500 °C and hydrothermally carbonization at 250 °C) and evaluated as oxygen r...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,357 Views
11 Pages

The utilization of membrane sensors for the monitoring and determination of pharmaceutical environmental pollutants has emerged as a crucial objective in recent years. Given the extensive use of chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPZ) in medicine, its pre...

  • Article
  • Open Access
569 Views
13 Pages

A major objective in recent years has been the use of membrane sensors for the purpose of monitoring and recognizing environmental pollutants in pharmaceuticals. Ketoprofen (KTP) is likely to be found in the environment, particularly in surface water...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
7,807 Views
10 Pages

Electrospun Nanofiber Mats with Embedded Non-Sintered TiO2 for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs)

  • Al Mamun,
  • Marah Trabelsi,
  • Michaela Klöcker,
  • Lilia Sabantina,
  • Christina Großerhode,
  • Tomasz Blachowicz,
  • Georg Grötsch,
  • Carsten Cornelißen,
  • Almuth Streitenberger and
  • Andrea Ehrmann

4 July 2019

TiO2 is a semiconductor that is commonly used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, the necessity of sintering the TiO2 layer is usually problematic due to the desired temperatures of typically 500 °C in cells that are prepared on polym...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
4,026 Views
12 Pages

Rapid Detection of HLA-B*57:01-Expressing Cells Using a Label-Free Interdigitated Electrode Biosensor Platform for Prevention of Abacavir Hypersensitivity in HIV Treatment

  • Jianxiong Chan,
  • Gita V. Soraya,
  • Lauren Craig,
  • Shah M. Uddin,
  • Marian Todaro,
  • Duc H. Huynh,
  • Chathurika D. Abeyrathne,
  • Lyudmila Kostenko,
  • James McCluskey and
  • Efstratios Skafidas
  • + 1 author

14 August 2019

Pre-treatment screening of individuals for human leukocyte antigens (HLA) HLA-B*57:01 is recommended for the prevention of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir, a drug widely prescribed for HIV treatment. However, the implementatio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
5,687 Views
16 Pages

Electrophoretic Deposition of Graphene Oxide on Stainless Steel Substrate

  • Dominika Marcin Behunová,
  • George Gallios,
  • Vladimír Girman,
  • Hristo Kolev,
  • Mária Kaňuchová,
  • Silvia Dolinská and
  • Miroslava Václavíková

We demonstrated the deposition of the architecture of graphene oxide on stainless steel substrate and its potential environmental application. The synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide were described. The controlled formation of graphene o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
982 Views
15 Pages

1 October 2025

This study reports a binder-free, catalyst-free method for fabricating vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) directly on copper (Cu) foil using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) for electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC)...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
3,832 Views
16 Pages

Gold-Modified Molecularly Imprinted N-Methacryloyl-(l)-phenylalanine-containing Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine

  • Nemah Abu Shama,
  • Süleyman Aşır,
  • Mehmet Ozsoz,
  • Ilgım Göktürk,
  • Deniz Türkmen,
  • Fatma Yılmaz and
  • Adil Denizli

A molecularly imprinted polymer-based pencil graphite electrode (MIP PGE) sensor, modified with gold nanoparticles, was utilized for the detection of dopamine in the presence of other biochemical compounds using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differenti...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,585 Views
12 Pages

Sensitive Voltammetric Detection of Chloroquine Drug by Applying a Boron-Doped Diamond Electrode

  • Geiser Gabriel Oliveira,
  • Déborah Christine Azzi,
  • Tiago Almeida Silva,
  • Paulo Roberto de Oliveira,
  • Orlando Fatibello-Filho and
  • Bruno Campos Janegitz

11 November 2020

In this research, a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode has been explored to detect the chloroquine drug. The electrochemical performance of BDD electrode towards the irreversible anodic response of chloroquine was investigated by subjecting this ele...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,601 Views
25 Pages

To evaluate the long term corrosion potential stability of stainless steel (SS) in environmental water, the corrosion potential of SUS304, SUS316, SUS316L, and SUS430 was measured for 1 week in a solution of 0.9 mM NaHCO3 and 0.5 mM CaCl2, referred t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
4,948 Views
12 Pages

Combined Electrocoagulation and Physicochemical Treatment of Cork Boiling Wastewater

  • Carolina Vicente,
  • João R. Silva,
  • Andreia D. Santos,
  • Rosa M. Quinta-Ferreira and
  • Luis M. Castro

22 March 2022

Cork boiling wastewater (CBW) is a highly polluted and difficult to treat effluent resultant from the cork manufacturing industry. This study aims to evaluate a new, reliable, efficient, and sustainable process to treat this effluent. This paper test...

  • Article
  • Open Access
532 Views
15 Pages

5 July 2025

This article focuses on the possibilities of increasing the service life of tools for crushing unwanted growths. One way to increase their service life is to increase the hardness and resistance to abrasive wear of exposed surfaces of the tool, which...

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