Search Results (29)

Religion, culture, and ethnic heritage play a significant role in shaping migrant identities. This paper examines the interplay of these factors in the identity formation of African Christian migrants in Europe, with a particular focus on second-generation (2G) migrants. It analyzes how 2G individuals negotiate Western secular values alongside Pentecostal orientations in ways that facilitate upward social mobility. The study is based on a critical review of the existing literature, compared with lived realities of migrants in the Netherlands. Drawing on empirical research from various European contexts, the paper aims to provide a rigorous and multidimensional account of intergenerational identity reconstruction among 2G African Christians. By centring the Pentecostal family as a primary site of socialization, the paper explores how 2G African Christians simultaneously distance themselves from, and selectively adapt, elements of indigenous African spirit cosmologies in pursuit of secular, achievement-oriented goals. This dialectical engagement reflects a broader generational shift: while first-generation migrants tend to rely heavily on religion and religious institutions as mechanisms of integration, 2G migrants increasingly prioritize secular aspirations while navigating socioeconomic structures, negotiating belonging, and constructing hybrid forms of transnational identity. In doing so, the paper contributes to scholarship on how 2G African migrants in Europe mobilize Pentecostal spirituality as a resource for achieving secular objectives. Full article

Modern Greek was spoken along the northwestern coast of Asia Minor until the early 20th century, yet neither its precise geographical extent nor its dialectal classification is well established. This paper seeks to clarify both issues by focusing on the variety of Adramytti (Edremit). The available evidence suggests that Adramyttian, despite its close relationship to and partial origin in Modern Lesbian, was essentially a mixed variety that leveled out many characteristic Modern Lesbian features, such as the raising of unstressed mid vowels and certain morphological phenomena. Such differences can be attributed to the diverse character of the speech community that led to contact between speakers of Modern Lesbian origin and speakers of other Greek dialects. In addition to providing a grammatical description of Adramyttian, which demonstrates its mixed profile, the paper offers a tentative classification of this variety in relation to Modern Lesbian and the other insular varieties of northeastern Aegean, as well as in relation to other neighboring varieties of northwestern Asia Minor (Aeolis, Mysia, northern Ionia). Full article

The dialectical relationship between national culture and civic culture has become central to understanding the cultural foundations of modern nation-states. Under conditions of globalization and intensified international competition, culture operates not only as a marker of collective identity but also as a crucial source of national soft power and social cohesion. Engaging with ongoing theoretical debates on cultural construction, this study examines the dynamics interplay between top-down cultural frameworks and bottom-up cultural practices. It combines perspectives from cultural hegemony, cultural consumption, and cultural psychology to analyze the two-way processes through which national culture shapes civic practice via ideology, law, and cultural production, while civic culture simultaneously reshapes national culture through consumer behavior, subcultural formations, and shared mental dispositions. Drawing on case analyses of contemporary Chinese cultural practices in the digital era, the study shows that this interaction generates both tensions and new possibilities. The findings indicate that the vitality of national culture depends less on unilateral imposition than on sustained negotiation with lived cultural practices. Strengthening this constructive interaction therefore offers an important pathway for fostering cultural confidence in the twenty-first century. Full article

This article examines the avant-garde reformulation of the nature–culture dichotomy. Within avant-garde discourse, the traditional opposition between the organic and the mechanical—and, by extension, between the body and the machine—evolves into a specific dialectical form based on the principle of juxtaposition-in-identity. In this framework, a metaphysics of corporeality comes into conflict with an instrumentalist understanding of the organic. The analysis identifies a key conceptual shift in the 1920s: the notion of the body is superseded by that of the organism, which is subsequently transfigured into the machine. Focusing on Russian painting from the 1910s to the early 1930s, this study employs a comparative and typological methodology. It analyzes works by Mikhail Larionov, Mikhail Matyushin, and Pavel Filonov in relation to those of Konstantin Redko, situating this analysis within a broader art-historical and intellectual context. The research traces and exemplifies a pivotal transition in visual art: the shift from the early avant-garde mythopoetics of the machine–human to the late-1920s construct of the human–machine, as theorized in biomechanics and gesture studies. The article foregrounds electricity as a central pictorial motif, arguing that it served as a powerful visual and conceptual medium for synthesizing the organic with the mechanical and the mythological with the ideological. Ultimately, it posits that the internal social logic of this aesthetic shift contributed to the formation of the totalitarian body politic in Stalinist Russia. Full article

This study traces the metamorphoses of concealment from Hesiod’s observation that “the gods keep the means of life concealed from human beings” to contemporary attention economies. In Hesiod’s pronouncement the event of concealment generates the dialectic of need and surplus, from which anthropological difference emerges, distinguishing the human from the animal and the divine. Divine concealment simultaneously creates humanity as seeker, sustenance as sought, and technics as necessity. Bataille’s “general economy” expands this framework from its theological to secular dimensions and from human labor to terrestrial life through solar energy, showing how technique generates discrete perception. Platonov’s revolutionary writings attempt to overcome nature’s dialectics through a quasi-theology of labor, yet the resulting socialist tragedy reveals a marked disproportion between technical development and subjective formation. Contemporary digital technologies transform concealment fundamentally: attention becomes liberated from searching for the hidden, only to be captured and commodified. Semiotic surplus manifests everywhere while material access remains restricted. The ancient matrix of concealment persists through digital transformations, assuming new forms while preserving its essential structure across radically different economic and technological conditions. Full article

This study investigates the evolution of the structures of China’s domestic intercity tourism information flow networks, an increasingly important issue in an information-driven society. Moving beyond prior research that primarily emphasizes urban node attributes and multidimensional distances, this study applies social network analysis to develop an integrated analytical framework that incorporates endogenous structural effects, exogenous network effects, node attributes, and similarity effects. Using tourism information flows in China as an empirical proxy, the study examines the mechanisms underlying the formation and persistence of intercity relationships within the country. The results indicate that the self-organization of microscopic network structures plays a significant role in both tie formation and persistence, particularly through reciprocity, cyclicity, and convergence. Notably, the effect of cyclicity reversed during the COVID-19 pandemic and changed direction from relationship formation to persistence. In addition, cultural distance (proxied by dialect distance), geographical distance, and institutional distance significantly inhibit both the formation and persistence of intercity tourism information flows. Changes in urban node scale and node similarity also exert significant influences on network evolution. This study deepens the understanding of the spatial structural dynamics of China’s domestic intercity tourism information flows and provides a conceptual basis for future research on the evolutionary mechanisms of tourism network structures within a domestic context. Its direct significance lies in promoting sustainable urban tourism development, network resilience, and adaptive governance of urban systems. Full article

Understanding visitor sentiment is essential for developing effective tourism strategies, particularly as Google Maps reviews have become a key channel for public feedback on tourist attractions. Yet, the unstructured format and dialectal diversity of Arabic reviews pose significant challenges for extracting actionable insights at scale. This study evaluates the performance of traditional machine learning and transformer-based models for aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) on Arabic Google Maps reviews of tourist sites across Saudi Arabia. A manually annotated dataset of more than 3500 reviews was constructed to assess model effectiveness across six tourism-related aspects: price, cleanliness, facilities, service, environment, and overall experience. Experimental results demonstrate that multi-head BERT architectures, particularly AraBERT, consistently outperform traditional classifiers in identifying aspect-level sentiment. Ara-BERT achieved an F1-score of 0.97 for the cleanliness aspect, compared with 0.91 for the best-performing classical model (LinearSVC), indicating a substantial improvement. The proposed ABSA framework facilitates automated, fine-grained analysis of visitor perceptions, enabling data-driven decision-making for tourism authorities and contributing to the strategic objectives of Saudi Vision 20300. Full article

Justice-oriented mathematics aims to support students’ understanding of the relationship between mathematical knowledge and political knowledge to examine how they conspire to shape reality. The notion of the formatting power of mathematics is helpful here in that it calls for an excavation of mathematics that makes explicit the actual use of mathematics hidden in social structures and routines. In this paper, the author examines how a mathematical unit on home mortgages was carried out to support 12th grade students’ understanding of the mathematics of mortgages, revealing the formatting power that mortgage lenders hold in reordering the reality of marginalized communities. Drawing on a qualitative analysis of student journals, student work, post-class student interviews, and teacher/researcher journals, the findings revealed two pedagogical features that contributed to students’ reading and writing the world with mathematics: engaging mathematics from multiple directions and attending to the formatting power of the mathematical and political knowledge dialectic. These findings offer pedagogical guidance for practitioners and teacher educators in curriculum design and implementation of critical mathematics. Full article

This paper explores the evolution and contextual background of an 18th-century dyer’s manuscript originating in Antwerp, covering the period between 1778 and 1802. This manuscript offers a unique glimpse into the operational practices of a small enterprise specializing in red hues for a middle-class clientele. The manuscript includes dye recipes, accounting records, and business correspondence, along with dyed textile samples that provide a tangible connection between written instructions and their visual outcomes. Our study aims to go beyond content analysis to examine the manuscript as a dynamic document in which the dyer’s craft knowledge and experiential learning are visibly embedded. Unlike most available technical treatises, this manuscript appears to be an evolving draft marked by corrections and additions. This fluidity in structure sheds light on the process of knowledge formation and codification in the craft, aligning with devices of precise knowledge transmission and especially with the concept of “codification of error” (Codification of error refers to how early modern artisans and scholars began systematically recording mistakes in their work rather than hiding them. This shift recognized failure as a valuable part of the learning process, helping to refine techniques and support more empirical, experimental approaches to knowledge in the crafts and sciences)—an approach developed within the artisan community to refine practices over time and theorized by Professor Sven Duprè. Through a selection of annotated pages, we highlight the manuscript’s traces of iterative thought and method development. We propose that these elements illustrate the dialectic between transmitted knowledge and individual experimentation, where mistakes, followed by correction, reflection, and refinement, play a central role. Additionally, we discuss the manuscript as evidence of the thin boundaries between practical trade knowledge and the field of scientific inquiry. Through the abovementioned and the comparison with contemporary manuals, this research positions the manuscript as a valuable case study in understanding craft knowledge evolution and its transmission within the historical context of 18th-century European textile dyeing. Full article

With roots in the early 1960s, decoloniality as a sub-sect of postcolonial studies made successful attempts at redefining and unearthing essentially Western conceptualizations of knowledge and knowledge formation across different fields of endeavor. Many academic disciplines have benefited from decolonial studies’ self-reflective theories and deconstructive approaches, and religion and science should not be an exception. Within religion and science as an academic field, Western and European intellectual frames have been overwhelmingly presented as definitive of globalized perspectives and knowledge, especially the definition of “religion” and “science” within the academic field. The subtle but evident impact of adopting Western epistemology as ‘the’ definitive reference frame for all peoples and cultures is the transposition of colonial and overtly Eurocentric conceptualizations and definitions of what religion and science mean as perfunctory for what religion and science should mean within non-Western frames as well as a disregard for the latter. This has led to the presentation (or overrepresentation, according to Sylvia Wynter) of a single homogenized perspective for meaning-making and interpretation of topics and themes within the field, a decision which has not only significantly impacted the field, in terms of ongoing dialectics about the relationship between religion and science, but which has also seen the exclusion of other forms of beneficial epistemic reference frames, which have been viewed as subaltern. Drawing from Wynter’s epistemic disobedience, this paper highlights decolonial approaches for engaging in the academic study of science and religion, and which will advance the path towards delinking the field from Euro-Western conceptualizations. This will unravel the rich epistemic formation within non-Western knowledge frames and the inclusion of which will greatly enrich and redefine the academic study of religion and science in the days ahead. Full article

Existing research on sense of community in educational contexts shows positive associations with well-being and negative associations with mental health symptoms. However, exploration of students’ sense of community within the seminary context is minimal. Drawing on the relational spirituality model, which posits oscillating experiences of dwelling and seeking in a dialectical growth process, we framed sense of community as horizontal dwelling. We used mixture modeling to generate subgroups using items from a measure of sense of community and then explored associations between sense of community and various demographic predictors and personal formation outcomes, including well-being and symptoms, along with virtues and religiousness/spirituality. We did so within the unique context of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used a sample of graduate students from 18 Christian seminaries across North America (N = 867; M_age = 31.95; 48.1% female; 60% White). Factor mixture results supported a 3-class solution, with one class reporting consistently greater ratings of sense of community, labeled the strongly connected, another class reporting consistent mid-level ratings, labeled the moderately connected, and a third class reporting consistently lower ratings, and labeled the disaffected. Results for the disaffected showed a pattern of associations with lower well-being and greater symptoms, and lower religiousness/spirituality, along with greater pandemic stress. The strongly connected showed greater levels of virtuousness, well-being and religiousness/spirituality, and lower symptoms, although they were also more likely to report greater illusory health. The pattern of associations for the moderately connected was a blend of similarities with the other two subgroups. The disaffected also showed a modest risk effect for lower well-being and greater symptoms over time. Findings pointed to providing greater horizontal dwelling among the disaffected and the need for greater seeking among the strongly connected. Full article

The article outlines the personality of a student as the single channel through which knowledge flows within the cognitive theory of “learning”. This sustainable process is the means of mediating the thought activity of an individual in a higher school. The study estimates personal qualities of a student through the capacity for self-organization, self-regulation, self-development, and realization of the self in the process of cognitive development. The aim is to show how the degree of these capabilities’ influences achieving the fourth goal, “Quality Education”, from the Sustainable Development Goals adopted by the United Nations is determined. Participants were second year students (n = 120) of Naberezhnochelninsky Institute, the branch of Kazan Federal University. They were assigned to Experimental Groups following the “participation” pattern and Control Groups following the standard teaching methodology. The methodological structure presented is an important step towards putting “smart education” into practice. Attempts are made to show that subjective attitude on the part of the students is an indispensable condition for contribution to self-development as a multidimensional system having a complex structure. With respect to it, a multi-level system of estimation, considered in development with stability and variability (statics and dynamics) being joined dialectically (progress line and regression line), is designed. The obtained data provide evidence of the necessity for changing the basis of educational processes towards formation of subject’s capabilities while studying academic disciplines. This methodology provides for developing a selective approach to every student. Full article

The artistic performance of identity by top Latin music artists can be heard on many Top-40 US radio stations, since, as of July 2023, 20% of the Billboard Hot 100 is (Spanish language) Latin music. This study aims to determine the variants found in the pronunciation of coda /s/, a robust phonetic differentiator of regional and social dialects, in the top songs versus in the spontaneous speech of the two top Latin music artists in the global market. Are Bad Bunny and J Balvin holding to the pronunciation of their respective regional variety in their artistic performance speech (APS, my term) or are they shifting to a different pronunciation? What motivations might cause a difference in the pronunciation of their APS and spontaneous speech? Bad Bunny and J Balvin’s pronunciation of coda /s/ is analyzed in depth as sociophonetic data: their performances of songs from 2018 to 2020 that charted at the top of the Hot Latin Songs Billboard chart as well as on The Billboard Hot 100 chart, and their spontaneous speech from their most-viewed Spanish-language interviews and Instagram Live recordings on YouTube recorded between 2018 and 2020. Bad Bunny overwhelmingly used deletions (∅) in his spontaneous speech—which is typical of an island Puerto Rican—but used a statistically significant amount of maintenance of the sibilant [s] and its aspirated variant [h] in his APS (p < 0.0001). J Balvin primarily used [s] in his spontaneous speech—which is typical of Medellín, Colombia—but used about 50/50 [s] and (∅) in his APS. They are both shifting to a different pronunciation in their APS and converging towards each other, and the difference is statistically significant (p < 0.0001). This dialect convergence could be the beginning of an identity-based pan-Latinx dialect leveling that is, on the one hand, the “in-crowd” pronunciation with covert prestige but, on the other hand, is part of the formation of an evolving multi-regional connector variant diffused through popular music and pop culture. Full article

Chan monks had a language problem. They needed to deal with at least four registers; the language of the street in their district, the Chan koine with its colloquialisms and argot, the guanhua or official language, and the elite formal language in Literary Sinitic that was packed with allusions. Zen monks in Japan had to deal with registers of Japanese, plus the Chan koine and the formal Literary Chinese. One response was philological, glosses on vocabulary that were likely to be misunderstood, such as dialect words and words that had changed meaning over time. Notably, most of these responses originated in or were connected to the greater Hangzhou region and its Wu language. After discussing whether there was a “standard” or common language used by elites throughout China, this article contends that the awareness of language differences between the “standard” or Mandarin Chinese and the Wu language by native Wu speakers contributed to the rise of Chan philology and then Zen philology. A few key examples of specialized Chan philological texts will be examined, but it should be kept in mind that examples of Chan philology may be embedded in other Chan works. Full article

This article is devoted to the study of the entropic orderliness of road safety systems of various dimensionalities. The author’s methodology for quantitative assessment of the quality of the road safety systems is based on the use of information entropy analysis, the essence of which is to assess the significance (or “weights”) of various information-technological stages of the road traffic accident rate formation process. The main emphasis in this paper is on the philosophical interpretation of the results of entropic evaluation of the orderliness of urban road safety systems. The article aimed to philosophically understand the reasons for the diversity in the results of assessing the entropy of road safety (RS) in Russian cities. Within the framework of this goal, the results of the analysis of the state of the issue, ideological approaches and methods for assessing the relative entropy of urban road safety systems were presented. The study was based on analyzing statistics that characterize the processes of the formation of road traffic accidents in Russian cities classified into three groups based on population size. The experimental results obtained were explained from the point of view of human psychology. Rather, results were explained from the perspective of human psychology. The final results of the study once again illustrated the objectivity of Hegel’s dialectical laws and, perhaps, once again shattered illusions about the possibility of achieving high levels of road safety in cities by building rigid systems to regulate the actions of traffic participants. In the author’s opinion, the results of the presented philosophical analysis will be useful to managers specializing in the management of complex systems (not only transport but also other fields) to comprehend the contradictions of the complex nature of humans and the paradoxes of their behavior when their freedom of action is restricted through external control. Full article