64 Results Found

Compounds in sand fly saliva elicit specific immune responses that may play a role in the establishment of canine Leishmania infection. Although canine antibodies to anti-sand fly saliva antigens have been extensively studied, little is known about c...

The discovery of EBV over 60 years ago was a breakthrough in understanding the development of many cancers, including head and neck cancers, but many processes remain to be explained. Scientists, looking for new biomarkers, have recently been paying...

Monitoring biomarkers is a great way to assess daily physical condition, and using saliva instead of blood samples is more advantageous as the process is simple and allows individuals to test themselves. In the present study, we analyzed the titers o...

Individuals with ABO type O, naturally possessing anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their serum, are underrepresented among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared with healthy controls. The ABO antibodies might play a role in the viral transmission...

Euglena gracilis EOD-1, a microalgal strain known for high yields of the β-1, 3-glucan paramylon, is suggested to function as a dietary fiber and enhance immunity. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of E. gracilis EOD-1 biomass (EOD1BM) i...

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to better understand the antibody concentrations in healthcare workers (HCWs) from a hospital in Mexico City with a high density of COVID-19 patients. Methods: Up to 243 HCWs were recruited in 2020 and 202...

Saliva is a promising matrix with several purposes. Our aim is to verify if salivary anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody determination is suitable for monitoring immune responses. One hundred eighty-seven subjects were enrolled at University-Hospital Padova: 10...

Only limited data are available regarding the immunogenicity of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in HIV-1+ patients. Therefore, we investigated the humoral immune response after BNT162b2-mRNA vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV-1+ patients on antiret...

Transmission of Human papillomavirus (HPVs) is faithfully associated with carcinogenesis of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. Therefore, clinical researchers may need to generate customized antibodies for the upcoming ELISA-based analysis to dis...

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a biomarker of inflammation that occurs in patients suffering from heart failure (HF). Saliva can be sampled in a non-invasive way, and it is currently gaining importance as matrix alternative to blood i...

Oxidative stress is defined by an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the biological system’s ability to neutralize them. This condition is commonly linked to various pathological conditions [1]. Superoxide dismutase...

Background: The Safety and Immunogenicity of COVID-19 Vaccines in Systemic Autoimmune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases (SUCCEED) study was created to better understand COVID-19 vaccination in immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID). Knowing the fre...

Sjögren’s disease (SjD) targets the salivary and lacrimal glands and is characterized by autoantibody production and glandular lymphocytic infiltrate with ectopic germinal centers (EGCs). The chemokine CCL25 recruits CCR9+ CD4+ T cells to...

To gain insight into how immunity develops against SARS-CoV-2 from 2020 to 2022, we analyzed the immune response of a small group of university staff and students who were either infected or vaccinated. We investigated the levels of receptor-binding...

The early detection at low concentration, by non-invasive methods, of cardiac biomarkers in physiological fluids has attracted the interest of researchers over the last decade. This enables early diagnosis and prediction of the first signs of heart f...

A disposable voltammetric immunosensor was developed to measure breast cancer biomarker 15-3 (CA 15-3) in human saliva and serum samples. Screen-printed paper-based electrodes (f-SPE) previously fabricated by our research group using homemade conduct...

Background: Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by sicca symptoms and various extra-glandular manifestations. The diagnosis of SS requires sicca symptoms, anti-SSA(Ro)-antibody positivity, and/or pathological foc...

This prospective study assessed the efficacy of a novel saliva-based immunoassay of IgA- and IgM-antibodies in predicting feline food sensitivities and intolerances. Clinical samples were obtained from 1000 cats proven or suspected to have food intol...

Point-of-care diagnostic tests, such as lateral-flow immunoassay (LFIA), have emerged as a fast diagnostic tool in both human and veterinary medicine. In this paper, a gold nanoparticle-based LFIA device was developed for the measurement of C-reactiv...

Serology tests are extremely useful for assessing whether a person has been infected with a pathogen. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, measurement of anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies has been considered an essential tool in identifying se...

Monitoring of circulating N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis of people suffering from heart failure (HF). In this work, we describe a novel ultra-sensitive NT-proBNP immunosensor for NT-proBNP detection in artificia...

Oxidative stress refers to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species and is often associated with numerous pathological conditions. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a widely used enzyme for evaluating oxidative stress, with numerous methods being de...

SARS-CoV-2 antibody assays are crucial in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Approved mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are well known to induce a serum antibody responses against the spike protein and its RBD. Mucosal immunity plays a major role in the fight agai...

Immunoglobulin gamma-3 chain C (IGHG3) levels have been detected in the blood and tissue of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aims to assess its clinical value by measuring and comparing levels of IGHG3 in different body fl...

The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and potential determinants were assessed in a random sample representative of the Belgian adult population. In total, 14,201 individuals (≥18 years) were invited by mail to provide saliva via an Oracol&...

NT-proBNP is the gold standard biomarker for early diagnostics of heart failure, disease prevention, and stratified and individualized patient care. In this work, we aim to develop a novel ultra-sensitive immunosensor for direct NT-proBNP detection i...

Cross-reactivity of allergens is the cause of various, sometimes unexpected, clinical reactions. There are no standard methods to investigate cross-reactivity. We present an experimental model of a two-sided inhibition test (IT) on ImmunoCAP membrane...

The intramuscular vaccine is the principal strategy to protect pigs from porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), However, it is still difficult to control PRRSV effectively. This study infected piglets with PRRSV through intramus...

The timely detecting of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus antigens for infection validation is an urgent request for COVID-19 pandemic control. This study constructed label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based immunosensors based on gold nano...

Protective antibodies in the upper respiratory tract prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the community. Intranasal vaccines could raise the specific secretory IgA and IgG levels. This is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cli...

Microbiota has been associated with autoimmune diseases, with nasal Staphylococcus aureus being implicated in the pathogenesis of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV). Little is known about the role of oral microbiot...

Dengue virus (DENV) is a highly pathogenic, arthropod-borne virus transmitted between people by Aedes mosquitoes. Despite efforts to prevent global spread, the potential for DENV epidemics is increasing world-wide. Annually, 3.6 billion people are at...

Kynurenine is a tryptophan metabolite linked to several inflammatory processes including transplant failure, a significant challenge in transplant medicine. The detection of small molecules such as kynurenine, however, is often complex and time consu...

This study aimed to investigate the periodontal health of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in relation to oral microbiota, systemic and oral inflammatory mediators, and RA disease activity. Forty patients underwent full-mouth denta...

Porcine pseudorabies has long existed in China and is a serious threat to the Chinese farming industry. To understand the prevalence and genetic variation of the porcine pseudorabies virus (PRV) and its pathogenicity in Yunnan Province, China, we col...

Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid, is a life-threatening bacterial infection that remains a global health concern. The infection is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality rate, resulting in an urgent need for specific and rapid dete...

Background: Obinutuzumab is a glycoengineered type II anti-CD-20 monoclonal antibody, which can be applied as immunotherapy in patients with follicular lymphoma. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case in the literature describing osteonecr...

H1N1 is a kind of influenza A virus that causes serious health issues throughout the world. Its symptoms are more serious than seasonal flu and can sometimes be lethal. For this reason, rapid, accurate, and effective diagnostic tests are needed. In t...

(1) Background: Nanocrystals (NCs)-based electrochemical sensors have been proposed for biomarkers detection, although immunosensors using ZnO NCs decorated with copper are still scarce. (2) Methods: Electrochemical immunodetection of human salivary...

Breast cancer is the leading cancer type for women with two million new yearly infections and more than half a million dead worldwide. Human Epidermal Receptor 2 (HER2) is a prominent breast cancer biomarker that indicates aggressive cancer and is of...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical manifestations in patients with early primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) based on the severity score found by salivary gland ultrasonography. Thirty-five newly diagnosed patients with...

An intranasal COVID-19 vaccine, DelNS1-based RBD vaccines composed of H1N1 subtype (DelNS1-nCoV-RBD LAIV) was developed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity in healthy adults. We conducted a phase 1 randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled...

Prevalence of progressive feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) infection is known to still be high in cats in Europe, especially in Southern Europe, but the prevalence of other outcomes of FeLV infection has not been determined in most countries. The presen...

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic. To manage and control the spread of the infection, it is crucial to develop and implement technologies for the early identification of infected individuals and rapi...

Diagnostic techniques based on biomolecules have application potential that can be realized in many fields, such as disease diagnosis, bioprocess imaging, food/beverage industries, and environmental pollutant imaging. Successful surface immobilizatio...

Iron deficiency (ID) is the most prevalent and severe nutritional disorder globally and is the leading cause of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). IDA often progresses subtly symptomatic in children, whereas prolonged deficiency may permanently impair dev...

Background: Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) have impaired vaccine immunogenicity and an excess risk of severe COVID-19. While variant-adapted COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are recommended for vulnerable individuals, their efficacy in patients with...

(1) Background: This study aimed to assess the periodontitis burden in systemic sclerosis patients and the possible association between them, and the degree to which some potential risk factors and two potential diagnostic biomarkers may account for...

Background: Parry–Romberg syndrome (PRS) is a rare craniofacial disorder. The aim of this study is to provide information on the immunological profile of this pathology. Since PRS can be included in a wider spectrum of sclerodermic diseases, we...

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a critical cardiac condition that poses a substantial threat to myocardial function. Expedient diagnosis of AMI is paramount and relies on serological assays for rapid and accurate quantification of relevant bioma...