The Kinect v2 sensor may be a cheap and easy to use sensor to quantify gait in clinical settings, especially when applied in set-ups integrating multiple Kinect sensors to increase the measurement volume. Reliable estimates of foot placement location...
Analysing the dynamics in social interactions in indoor spaces entails evaluating spatial–temporal variables from the event, such as location and time. Additionally, social interactions include invisible spaces that we unconsciously acknowledge...
The use of 3D sensors combined with appropriate data processing and analysis has provided tools to optimise agricultural management through the application of precision agriculture. The recent development of low-cost RGB-Depth cameras has presented a...
Technological advances have allowed hand gestures to become an important research field especially in applications such as health care and assisting applications for elderly people, providing a natural interaction with the assisting system through a...
Anthropometric measurements of the human body are an important problem that affects many aspects of human life. However, anthropometric measurement often requires the application of an appropriate measurement procedure and the use of specialized, som...
Because of societal changes, human activity recognition, part of home care systems, has become increasingly important. Camera-based recognition is mainstream but has privacy concerns and is less accurate under dim lighting. In contrast, radar sensors...
Several studies have examined the accuracy of the Kinect V2 sensor during gait analysis. Usually the data retrieved by the Kinect V2 sensor are compared with the ground truth of certified systems using a Euclidean comparison. Due to the Kinect V2 sen...
We develop a deep learning refined kinematic model for accurately assessing upper limb joint angles using a single Kinect v2 sensor. We train a long short-term memory recurrent neural network using a supervised machine learning architecture to compen...
Human action recognition aims to understand human behavior and is crucial in enhancing the intelligence and naturalness of human–computer interaction and bionic robots. This paper proposes a method to improve the complexity and real-time perfor...
In the last decade, RGB-D cameras - also called range imaging cameras - have known a permanent evolution. Because of their limited cost and their ability to measure distances at a high frame rate, such sensors are especially appreciated for applicati...
Measuring pavement roughness and detecting pavement surface defects are two of the most important tasks in pavement management. While existing pavement roughness measurement approaches are expensive, the primary aim of this paper is to use a cost-eff...
To prevent falls, it is important to measure periodically the balance ability of an individual using reliable clinical tests. As Red Green Blue Depth (RGBD) devices have been increasingly used for balance rehabilitation at home, they may also be used...
Based on computer vision technology, this paper proposes a method for identifying and locating crops in order to successfully capture crops in the process of automatic crop picking. This method innovatively combines the YOLOv3 algorithm under the Dar...
The Azure Kinect represents the latest generation of Microsoft Kinect depth cameras. Of interest in this article is the depth and spatial accuracy of the Azure Kinect and how it compares to its predecessor, the Kinect v2. In one experiment, the two s...
The Azure Kinect, the successor of Kinect v1 and Kinect v2, is a depth sensor. In this paper we evaluate the skeleton tracking abilities of the new sensor, namely accuracy and precision (repeatability). Firstly, we state the technical features of all...
The Azure Kinect is the successor of Kinect v1 and Kinect v2. In this paper we perform brief data analysis and comparison of all Kinect versions with focus on precision (repeatability) and various aspects of noise of these three sensors. Then we thor...
Wheelchair users must use proper technique when performing sitting-pivot-transfers (SPTs) to prevent upper extremity pain and discomfort. Current methods to analyze the quality of SPTs include the TransKinect, a combination of machine learning (ML) m...
Recent studies have sought to use Microsoft Kinect sensors to measure water surface shape in steady flows or transient flow processes. They have typically employed a white colourant, usually titanium dioxide (TiO2), in order to make the surface opaqu...
Children with cerebral palsy (CP) have high risks of falling. It is necessary to evaluate gait stability for children with CP. In comparison to traditional motion capture techniques, the Kinect has the potential to be utilised as a cost-effective gai...
Patients with hemophilia need to strictly follow exercise routines to minimize their risk of suffering bleeding in joints, known as hemarthrosis. This paper introduces and validates a new exergaming software tool called HemoKinect that intends to kee...
Plant morphological data are an important basis for precision agriculture and plant phenomics. The three-dimensional (3D) geometric shape of plants is complex, and the 3D morphology of a plant changes relatively significantly during the full growth c...
The interruption of rehabilitation activities caused by the COVID-19 lockdown has significant health negative consequences for the population with physical disabilities. Thus, measuring the range of motion (ROM) using remotely taken photographs, whic...
In energy crops for biomass production a proper plant structure is important to optimize wood yields. A precise crop characterization in early stages may contribute to the choice of proper cropping techniques. This study assesses the potential of the...
Monitoring of cardiopulmonary activity is a challenge when attempted under adverse conditions, including different sleeping postures, environmental settings, and an unclear region of interest (ROI). This study proposes an efficient remote imaging sys...
A non-destructive measuring technique was applied to test major vine geometric traits on measurements collected by a contactless sensor. Three-dimensional optical sensors have evolved over the past decade, and these advancements may be useful in impr...
This work describes a layout to carry out a demonstrative assembly task, during which a collaborative robot performs pick-and-place tasks to supply an operator the parts that he/she has to assemble. In this scenario, the robot and operator share the...
Advances in visual odometry (VO) systems have benefited from the widespread use of affordable RGB-D cameras, improving indoor localization and mapping accuracy. However, older sensors like the Kinect v1 face challenges due to depth inaccuracies and i...
Returning straw to the field is very important of for the conservation tillage to increase land fertility. It is vital to detect the unevenness of the straw covering to evaluate the performance of no-tillage planter, especially for the ones with retu...
In this paper, the application of Augmented Reality (AR) for the control and adjustment of robots has been developed, with the aim of making interaction and adjustment of robots easier and more accurate from a remote location. A LeapMotion sensor bas...
Non-destructive plant growth measurement is essential for plant growth and health research. As a 3D sensor, Kinect v2 has huge potentials in agriculture applications, benefited from its low price and strong robustness. The paper proposes a Kinect-bas...
Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) systems are designed to provide unobtrusive and user-friendly support in daily life and can be used for monitoring frail people based on various types of sensors, including wearables and cameras. Although cameras can be...
The use of depth cameras in precision agriculture is increasing day by day. This type of sensor has been used for the plant structure characterization of several crops. However, the discrimination of small plants, such as weeds, is still a challenge...
This research shows the development of a teleoperation system with an assistive robot (NAO) through a Kinect V2 sensor, a set of Meta Quest virtual reality glasses, and Nintendo Switch controllers (Joycons), with the use of the Robot Operating System...
This study aims to assess non-contact respiration measurement during the exercise stress test using an upright bicycle ergometer and to evaluate the ventilation threshold value. We propose the tracking of the chest and abdomen by applying the motion...
Resilient artificial intelligence (Resilient AI) is relevant in many areas where technology needs to adapt quickly to changing and unexpected conditions, such as in the medical, environmental, security, and agrifood sectors. In the case study involvi...
This paper describes a 3D path planning system that is able to provide a solution trajectory for the automatic control of a robot. The proposed system uses a point cloud obtained from the robot workspace, with a Kinect V2 sensor to identify the inter...
Biometrics is currently an area that is both very interesting as well as rapidly growing. Among various types of biometrics the human gait recognition seems to be one of the most intriguing. However, one of the greatest problems within this field of...
This paper is devoted to proving two goals, to show that various depth sensors can be used to record breathing rate with the same accuracy as contact sensors used in polysomnography (PSG), in addition to proving that breathing signals from depth sens...
Traditional indoor laser scanning trolley/backpacks with multi-laser scanner, panorama cameras, and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) installed are a popular solution to the 3D indoor mapping problem. However, the cost of those mapping suits is quit...
This paper presents a scalable embedded solution for processing and transferring 3D point cloud data. Sensors based on the time-of-flight principle generate data which are processed on a local embedded computer and compressed using an octree-based sc...
Significant advances in reverse engineering and additive manufacturing have the potential to provide a faster, accurate, and cost-effective process chain for preserving, analyzing, and presenting forensic impression evidence in both 3D digital and ph...
The olive groves’ relevance has historically been ingrained in Mediterranean cultures. Spain stands out as a leading producer worldwide, where olive trees are extensively grown in the Andalusian region. However, despite the importance of this s...
Gait analysis may serve various purposes related to health care, such as the estimation of elderly people’s risk of falling. This paper is devoted to gait analysis based on data from depth sensors which are suitable for use both at healthcare f...
In rehabilitation, the Fugl–Meyer assessment (FMA) is a typical clinical instrument to assess upper-extremity motor function of stroke patients, but it cannot measure fine changes of motor function (both in recovery and deterioration) due to its limi...
In a group of general geometric primitives, plane-based features are widely used for indoor localization because of their robustness against noises. However, a lack of linearly independent planes may lead to a non-trivial estimation. This in return c...
Perception of the fruit tree canopy is a vital technology for the intelligent control of a modern standardized orchard. Due to the complex three-dimensional (3D) structure of the fruit tree canopy, morphological parameters extracted from two-dimensio...
Motion analysis is an area with several applications for health, sports, and entertainment. The high cost of state-of-the-art equipment in the health field makes it unfeasible to apply this technique in the clinics’ routines. In this vein, RGB-...
Beyond the use of 2D images, the analysis of 3D images is also necessary for analyzing the phenomics of crop plants. In this study, we configured a system and implemented an algorithm for the 3D image reconstruction of red pepper plant (Capsicum annu...
We propose a data-efficient framework for automating sowing operations by agricultural robots in densely mixed polyculture environments. This study addresses the challenge of enabling robots to identify suitable sowing positions with minimal labeled...
Weather conditions can affect sensors’ readings when sampling outdoors. Although sensors are usually set up covering a wide range of conditions, their operational range must be established. In recent years, depth cameras have been shown as a promisin...
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