Culture doi: 10.3390/culture2020007

Authors: Mubarokah Sigit Purnama Umi Baroroh Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun

This study examines the intellectual perspectives and thoughts related to education in Indonesia. The most influential Indonesian scholars who completed their higher education in Western and Middle Eastern institutions between 1980 and 2010, with a particular focus on their views regarding Islamic education, are investigated in a deeper perspective. The scholars selected for analysis consist of three graduates from Middle Eastern universities and three from Western universities, all of whom pursued religious or philosophical studies abroad. The findings indicate that the most decisive factor shaping their divergent perspectives is their overseas educational background, despite their shared foundational experience in pesantren (Islamic boarding schools). These differences are reflected in their public statements, published works, and online video content. At the same time, this study also revealed a set of shared values among the scholars, particularly concerning the core principles of Islamic education and their collective commitment to national unity, peace, mutual support, and tolerance. These commonalities emerge as a unifying thread amid their diverse viewpoints. As representatives of Middle Eastern scholars, these included Komaruddin Hidayat, Abdul Shomad, and Adi Hidayat, where the representative of Western scholars included Azyumardi Azra, Nadirsyah Hosen, and Ahmad Syafii Maarif. The analysis offered in this paper presents a constructive discourse, demonstrating that the differing perspectives of Indonesian scholars educated in the West and the Middle East can positively enrich national conversations. Further study about the perspective of scholars is important for building the character of young generations in Indonesia about how multicultural and different perspectives of thinking are free to discuss and write about in academic perspectives.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture2010006

Authors: Jude Ejikeme Obidiegwu Emmanuel Matthew Akpabio Anthony Ugochukwu Okere Cynthia Adaku Chilaka

Yam (Dioscorea rotundata) is a major staple crop in West Africa and plays a central role in regional food security, rural livelihoods, and cultural identity. Its wide ecological adaptation, diverse maturity periods, and in-ground storage capacity make yams critical to seasonal food availability and resilience of smallholder farming systems. Despite its importance, existing yam research has largely emphasized biophysical and agronomic dimensions, with limited integration of the socio-cultural and ecological factors that shape yam-based food systems. This review addresses this gap by synthesizing interdisciplinary knowledge on yam food ecology, focusing on how socio-cultural values, beliefs, behaviours, and interactions influence production, utilization, and sustainability of yam systems. We examine the roles of culture, politics, power relations, gender dynamics, and community organization in structuring yam production and consumption across the West African yam belt. The review further explores the long-standing human–yam relationship and the implications of eroding traditional knowledge for future food system resilience. By adopting a systems and ecological perspective that integrates life and social sciences, this review provides a framework to inform sustainable yam crop improvement, value chain development, and inclusive policy interventions, thereby supporting long-term food security and rural development in West Africa.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture2010005

Authors: Caiwu Fu Qianli Qi Yiming Wang

The dialectical relationship between national culture and civic culture has become central to understanding the cultural foundations of modern nation-states. Under conditions of globalization and intensified international competition, culture operates not only as a marker of collective identity but also as a crucial source of national soft power and social cohesion. Engaging with ongoing theoretical debates on cultural construction, this study examines the dynamics interplay between top-down cultural frameworks and bottom-up cultural practices. It combines perspectives from cultural hegemony, cultural consumption, and cultural psychology to analyze the two-way processes through which national culture shapes civic practice via ideology, law, and cultural production, while civic culture simultaneously reshapes national culture through consumer behavior, subcultural formations, and shared mental dispositions. Drawing on case analyses of contemporary Chinese cultural practices in the digital era, the study shows that this interaction generates both tensions and new possibilities. The findings indicate that the vitality of national culture depends less on unilateral imposition than on sustained negotiation with lived cultural practices. Strengthening this constructive interaction therefore offers an important pathway for fostering cultural confidence in the twenty-first century.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture2010004

Authors: Zehra Babutsalı Alpler Nil Paşaoğluları Şahin

Beykoz Leather and Shoe Factory is an important industrial heritage site in Istanbul because of its cultural, social, historical, and symbolic value. Reusing it as a filming location has created a long-running controversy about its suitability. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the compatibility of adaptive reuse of this industrial heritage site in the context of assigning an alternative use compared to its original function. This paper originally proposed a three-charter rubric system, which uses the three international heritage frameworks, turned into rubrics, to gauge how appropriately (or not) the transformation of this site is handled. The process identified a critical juncture and two phases of progressive transformation. The first stage of adaptive reuse limited the site primarily to filmmaking, successfully preventing abandonment through minimal intervention but offering restricted public access. After 2020, a second stage expanded public accessibility and introduced new functions, creating a more vibrant cultural and creative hub besides demonstrating a more effective adaptive reuse approach. The findings of this study suggest that reuse is an appropriate option for extending the lifespan of abandoned buildings. However, it should be highlighted that physical maintenance simply prevents demolition, whereas offering engaging activities promotes the vitality and longevity of the structures. In a complex industrial heritage site, quasi-public use is a short-term strategy. However, proposing public uses and activities helps prolong the life and vitality of industrial heritage sites that may no longer be used for production purposes. It has been revealed that a holistic strategy for reuse should involve the incorporation of various stakeholders in the process, while considering the sociocultural history and needs of the community, ultimately resulting in a positive impact on the vitality of this important industrial heritage site. The study concludes that the rubric-based application of the three heritage charters—the Burra Charter (BC), the Dublin Principles (DP), and the Nizhny Tagil Charter (NT)—provides an effective framework for assessing the appropriateness of new uses. This approach reveals the impacts of adaptive reuse by rating individual buildings according to their degree of compliance with heritage principles, thereby demonstrating how reuse decisions influence the long-term lifespan of industrial buildings on the site as well as their effects on community engagement.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture2010003

Authors: Ting Gao Irwan Syah Mohd Yusoff Rosalam Che Me

In globalized markets, traditional Chinese furniture must strike a balance between cultural authenticity and modern consumer appeal. This study introduced the first comprehensive scale to measure Confucian–Daoist value expressions in Ming-style chair design for marketing applications. Through surveys conducted across 31 Chinese provinces (pilot sample size = 85; formal sample size = 440) and extensive literature analysis, six key cultural dimensions influencing consumer preferences were identified: respect for tradition, face, familism, respect for authority, the doctrine of the mean, and the nature/non-action. Building on these findings, this study proposes the first multidimensional framework for assessing Confucian and Daoist values in Ming-style chair design, offering an 18-item scale as a quantifiable tool to support the sustainable innovation of cultural heritage. The scale enables marketers and designers to detect regional and historical variations in cultural value preferences, thereby facilitating targeted positioning strategies that preserve authentic cultural expression while resonating with specific consumer segments.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture2010002

Authors: Varvara Toura Alexandros Mpantogias Neslihan Saban

Deindustrialization has left many industrial buildings inactive, raising questions about their role in contemporary urban life. This article explores how semiotics and psychogeography can reframe such structures as dynamic architectural happenings, shifting emphasis from preservation toward social value and collective experience. This research focuses on Komotini, Greece, where the Technical Chamber Square is reinterpreted through references to the adjacent Tobacco Warehouse. By integrating architectural traces of the past into new recreational and sporting functions, this study demonstrates how heritage can be embedded into everyday practices. Methodologically, this research employs qualitative approaches, including demographic and historical analysis of Komotini’s urban and industrial development, alongside psychogeographic drifting walks. Twenty interviews were conducted with local business owners, residents, and visitors, as well as psychogeographic walks, generating insights into how communities interact with industrial heritage. The findings indicate that semiotics and psychogeography are effective tools for activating public spaces near former industrial sites, enabling the built environment to be understood as a layered record of successive interventions. The study concludes that adaptive redesign offers designers a methodology that can embed industrial fragments into vibrant public realms that sustain diverse communities, catalyze local economies, and honor historical identity through lived practices.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture2010001

Authors: Elena Di Giovanni

The notions of disability and accessibility have been the object of thorough revision over the past few decades, spurred by the actions and documents set forth by international institutions and organizations. Accessibility for people with disabilities has recently undergone major conceptual and practical changes, moving increasingly and steadily towards inclusion and design for all. This article reflects on the evolution of the notions of disability and accessibility in inclusive terms, also considering shifts in terms of identity, recognition and participation. For practical insights, the article discusses four instances of inclusive co-design and enjoyment of live performances and events, which have naturally led to the empowerment of people with and without disabilities who were involved.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture1010005

Authors: Xiaojun Ke

Governments in many countries worldwide are pursuing determined policies of science, technology, and infrastructure modernization. By examining the closure of the Fujiapo Coach Bus Station in Wuhan, China, this study sheds light on the socio-cultural effects of large-scale infrastructure decommissioning caused by modernization. A qualitative analysis of 26,163 comments from the internet platform Douyin, as well as 26 interviews, is used to deeply understand interpretative contests contained in respondents’ narratives about the decommissioned infrastructure and suggest an extended application of Bijker’s interpretive flexibility framework of social construction of technology (SCOT) as an analytical framework. By theorizing infrastructure transitional disconnectivity as a dynamic catalyst that reactivates interpretive contests through the three dimensions of temporal compression, memory capitalization, and power reconfiguration, this research demonstrates how experiences of infrastructure disconnectivity events expand the interpretive flexibility’s closure assumption, drawing implications about the necessity of socio-cultural considerations for balanced strategies when navigating infrastructure transitions.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture1010004

Authors: Amal Zhuo Li Liang Li

World War II profoundly reshaped Asia’s political and cultural landscape. With the decline of European colonial empires and the defeat of Japanese militarism, national liberation movements surged across Asia. As nations fought for political sovereignty, they also faced the task of reestablishing their cultural identity. This paper argues that the Cairo Declaration, as a pivotal international legal document during WWII, not only provided the legal foundation for establishing the postwar political order in Asia but also established regional cultural norms centered on anti-fascism, territorial sovereignty, and respect for cultural diversity. However, this order suffered severe shocks under the Cold War framework, with frequent regional conflicts and bloc confrontation eroding national sovereignty and cultural independence. Against this backdrop, this paper proposes a return to the normative core of the Cairo Declaration to construct an Asian cultural security framework comprising three key elements: respecting sovereign equality and cultural self-determination to rebuild the cornerstone of Asian cultural order; synergistically constructing a post-fascist settlement alongside an Asian human rights system; and transitioning from adversarial narratives to shared values, thereby laying a profound foundation for civilizational dialog that supports regional sustainable development.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture1010003

Authors: Xiaoji Zhang

The core of the United States’ tax incentive policies for the cultural industry is anchored in Section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code. By offering tax incentives, these policies incentivize individuals and enterprises to make donations to non-profit cultural institutions, thereby fostering the prosperity and development of the U.S. cultural industry. China’s tax incentive policies for cultural donations are categorized into three types: those applicable to enterprises, individuals, and special donations, with variations in the deduction benefits afforded by each category. In comparison, China’s tax incentives for cultural donations have shortcomings, including excessively lengthy approval processes, inadequate coverage, fragmented management, and insufficient supervision. Drawing on the experience of the U.S. tax system, measures such as simplifying the registration procedures for non-profit cultural organizations, enhancing tax declaration requirements, exploring industry self-governance mechanisms, and establishing robust supervision frameworks constitute crucial pathways to advancing the high-quality development of China’s cultural industry.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture1010002

Authors: Sunny Han Han

Industrial heritage has emerged in recent decades as a distinctive category within cultural heritage, though its aesthetic significance remains underexplored. Unlike traditional monuments with long historical resonance, industrial remains are often recent, standardized, and seemingly devoid of unique cultural symbolism. Yet, in China—where industrial production expanded massively under both demographic pressures and the Maoist planned economy—these sites now constitute one of the world’s largest inventories of heritage. This study builds on earlier discussions of heritage aesthetics by systematically analyzing the foundations of aesthetic value in industrial heritage, combining historical, functional, and identity-driven perspectives. Drawing on long-term field research, archival documentation, and policy analysis, it examines how adaptive reuse projects—from Beijing’s 798 Art District to Shougang Park and the reconfigured factories of Shanghai and Wuhan—redefine the visual and social significance of former industrial sites. The methodology integrates heritage aesthetic theory with case-based evidence to assess three key components: technological–historical traces, landscape transformation, and collective memory. Results indicate that aesthetic value rarely arises from static preservation but is constructed through refunctionalization, where industrial ruins acquire renewed meaning as cultural parks, creative hubs, or community spaces. Moreover, large-scale Chinese practices reveal that industrial heritage possesses not only visual appeal but also profound identity-based resonance for generations shaped by the “factory managing community.” By situating industrial heritage within the broader aesthetic system of cultural heritage, this research demonstrates that its value lies in the synthesis of function, memory, and landscape, and that China’s experience provides a compelling framework for rethinking global approaches to industrial heritage aesthetics.

Culture doi: 10.3390/culture1010001

Authors: Longxi Zhang Caiwu Fu Terry N. Clark Sunny Han Han

Culture is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to the timely dissemination of pioneering research that interrogates and reconfigures the conditions of cultural life [...]