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Study on Materials for Adsorption of CH4 and CO2

A special issue of Materials (ISSN 1996-1944). This special issue belongs to the section "Advanced Materials Characterization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2022) | Viewed by 7408

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Norbert Skoczylas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Reymonta 27, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Interests: adsorption; metrology; mining; informatics; decision support; fuzzy logic

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental problems related to greenhouse gas emissions encourage scientists to look for materials with interesting CO2 and CH4 sorption properties. There are many engineering, chemical, and agricultural fields for which high quality CO2 and CH4 sorbents are very valuable in application. The expected sorption properties of materials include not only optimization of their sorption capacity, but also the kinetics of the transport processes of molecules in their pore structure. Depending on the potential application, the shape of the sorption isotherms is also important.

Environmental aspects are often related to enhanced coal bed methane recovery. Mining activity leads to the emission of CH4, whose greenhouse potential is much higher than CO2. The capture of CH4 from ventilation shafts remains a very difficult problem. In this case, the problems result from low CH4 concentrations in the mixture with air and very high gas flows. Other engineering problems generate further difficulties which require the use of sorbents with specific properties.

The most common group of advanced sorbents are active carbons. Hard coal is also a natural CO2 and CH4 sorbent, occurring in nature in huge amounts.

High expectations of scientists are focused on advanced carbon nanomaterials. Sorbents from the group of MOF type materials are developing very dynamically.

Measurement methods are also important, describing the pore space of the sorbents, their porosity, specific surface area and other parameters.

All these areas, combining the effects of scientists' work and engineers' expectations, form a group of researchers for whom the Special Issue: "Study on Materials for Adsorption of CH4 and CO2" is dedicated.

Prof. Dr. Norbert Skoczylas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Materials is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • adsorption
  • methane
  • carbon dioxide
  • sorbents
  • carbon nanomaterials
  • coal
  • active carbon
  • zeolite
  • MOF
  • greenhouse gases
  • Enhanced Coal Bed Methane recovery
  • Carbon capture and storage
  • pore structure
  • specific surface area
  • porosity

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2859 KiB  
Article
Alternative Materials for the Enrichment of Biogas with Methane
by Mieczysław Bałys, Ewelina Brodawka, Grzegorz Stefan Jodłowski, Jakub Szczurowski and Marta Wójcik
Materials 2021, 14(24), 7759; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247759 - 15 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1731
Abstract
Carbonaceous adsorbents have been pointed out as promising adsorbents for the recovery of methane from its mixture with carbon dioxide, including biogas. This is because of the fact that CO2 is more strongly adsorbed and also diffuses faster compared to methane in [...] Read more.
Carbonaceous adsorbents have been pointed out as promising adsorbents for the recovery of methane from its mixture with carbon dioxide, including biogas. This is because of the fact that CO2 is more strongly adsorbed and also diffuses faster compared to methane in these materials. Therefore, the present study aimed to test alternative carbonaceous materials for the gas separation process with the purpose of enriching biogas in biomethane and to compare them with the commercial one. Among them was coconut shell activated carbon (AC) as the adsorbent derived from bio-waste, rubber tire pyrolysis char (RPC) as a by-product of waste utilization technology, and carbon molecular sieve (CMS) as the commercial material. The breakthrough experiments were conducted using two mixtures, a methane-rich mixture (consisting of 75% CH4 and 25% CO2) and a carbon dioxide-rich mixture (containing 25% CH4 and 75% CO2). This investigation showed that the AC sample would be a better candidate material for the CH4/CO2 separation using a fixed-bed adsorption column than the commercial CMS sample. It is worth mentioning that due to its poorly developed micropore structure, the RPC sample exhibited limited adsorption capacity for both compounds, particularly for CO2. However, it was observed that for the methane-rich mixture, it was possible to obtain an instantaneous concentration of around 93% CH4. This indicates that there is still much potential for the use of the RPC, but this raw material needs further treatment. The Yoon–Nelson model was used to predict breakthrough curves for the experimental data. The results show that the data for the AC were best fitted with this model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Materials for Adsorption of CH4 and CO2)
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9 pages, 2063 KiB  
Article
CO2 Adsorption on PtCu Sub-Nanoclusters Deposited on Pyridinic N-Doped Graphene: A DFT Investigation
by Fernando Montejo-Alvaro, Diego González-Quijano, Jorge A. Valmont-Pineda, Hugo Rojas-Chávez, José M. Juárez-García, Dora I. Medina and Heriberto Cruz-Martínez
Materials 2021, 14(24), 7619; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247619 - 10 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2501
Abstract
To reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, its conversion to different value-added chemicals plays a very important role. Nevertheless, the stable nature of this molecule limits its conversion. Therefore, the design of highly efficient and selective catalysts for the conversion of [...] Read more.
To reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, its conversion to different value-added chemicals plays a very important role. Nevertheless, the stable nature of this molecule limits its conversion. Therefore, the design of highly efficient and selective catalysts for the conversion of CO2 to value-added chemicals is required. Hence, in this work, the CO2 adsorption on Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters deposited on pyridinic N-doped graphene (PNG) was studied using the density functional theory. First, the stability of Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters supported on PNG was analyzed. Subsequently, the CO2 adsorption on Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters deposited on PNG was computed. According to the binding energies of the Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters on PNG, it was observed that PNG is a good material to stabilize the Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters. In addition, charge transfer occurred from Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters to the PNG. When the CO2 molecule was adsorbed on the Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters supported on the PNG, the CO2 underwent a bond length elongation and variations in what bending angle is concerned. In addition, the charge transfer from Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters supported on PNG to the CO2 molecule was observed, which suggests the activation of the CO2 molecule. These results proved that Pt4-xCux (x = 0–4) sub-nanoclusters supported on PNG are adequate candidates for CO2 adsorption and activation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Materials for Adsorption of CH4 and CO2)
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20 pages, 4091 KiB  
Article
Sorption and Micro-Scale Strength Properties of Coals Susceptible to Outburst Caused by Changes in Degree of Coalification
by Katarzyna Godyń and Barbara Dutka
Materials 2021, 14(19), 5807; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14195807 - 04 Oct 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1145
Abstract
Coals from the south-western part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin have a strong outburst susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of coalification degree on methane sorption and micro scale strength properties of 24 coals from Jastrzębie Zdrój. [...] Read more.
Coals from the south-western part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin have a strong outburst susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of coalification degree on methane sorption and micro scale strength properties of 24 coals from Jastrzębie Zdrój. Coal samples showed a reflectance Ro between 0.98 and 1.25%. Sorption measurements were carried out by gravimetric method. Sorption capacities were determined at mean deposit temperature of 35 °C. Using the unipore model and solution of Fick’s second law, the effective diffusion coefficients of methane in the studied coals were obtained. The Vickers method was used to study the microhardness and the modulus of elasticity. It has been shown that the increase in the coalification degree reduces the sorption capacity of coal and also reduces the rate of methane emission. Coals the most susceptible to outbursts, were the most brittle. With the increase in Ro, the methane seam pressure p increased as well as desorbable methane content DMC, both due to the reduction in the sorption capacity of coal. The increased dp index is a warning sign indicating an increased total methane content of coal seam, an increased seam pressure or an alternation of coal structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Materials for Adsorption of CH4 and CO2)
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11 pages, 1753 KiB  
Article
Estimation of Coal’s Sorption Parameters Using Artificial Neural Networks
by Marta Skiba and Mariusz Młynarczuk
Materials 2020, 13(23), 5422; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13235422 - 28 Nov 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1366
Abstract
This article presents research results into the application of an artificial neural network (ANN) to determine coal’s sorption parameters, such as the maximal sorption capacity and effective diffusion coefficient. Determining these parameters is currently time-consuming, and requires specialized and expensive equipment. The work [...] Read more.
This article presents research results into the application of an artificial neural network (ANN) to determine coal’s sorption parameters, such as the maximal sorption capacity and effective diffusion coefficient. Determining these parameters is currently time-consuming, and requires specialized and expensive equipment. The work was conducted with the use of feed-forward back-propagation networks (FNNs); it was aimed at estimating the values of the aforementioned parameters from information obtained through technical and densitometric analyses, as well as knowledge of the petrographic composition of the examined coal samples. Analyses showed significant compatibility between the values of the analyzed sorption parameters obtained with regressive neural models and the values of parameters determined with the gravimetric method using a sorption analyzer (prediction error for the best match was 6.1% and 0.2% for the effective diffusion coefficient and maximal sorption capacity, respectively). The established determination coefficients (0.982, 0.999) and the values of standard deviation ratios (below 0.1 in each case) confirmed very high prediction capacities of the adopted neural models. The research showed the great potential of the proposed method to describe the sorption properties of coal as a material that is a natural sorbent for methane and carbon dioxide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Study on Materials for Adsorption of CH4 and CO2)
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