Dear Colleagues,

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) has grown from an interesting investigational procedure to a widely used clinical method. IONM plays an important role in various surgeries in which the nervous system is at high risk of damage. Its goal is to protect patients from neurological injury during surgery. Modalities used in IONM are mostly well-known adapted neurophysiological techniques such as EEG, EMG, and evoked potentials (EPs). These modalities are not just about continuous monitoring the nervous system, e.g., motor and sensory pathways, but also about mapping. Mapping provides rapid anatomical identification and localization of neural structures. Current intraoperative monitoring and mapping techniques are being optimized, and new methods are being developed to obtain the best possible post-operative neurological outcome for each patient.

New surgical options require new IONM techniques to achieve optimal therapeutic outcome. For example, in neuromodulation, which has become a standard of care in movement disorders, other intraoperative monitoring techniques such as accelerometry are used to achieve this. Although IONM techniques have become indispensable in high-risk surgery, there is a lack of prospective studies. This Special Issue includes such studies and focuses on the improvement of IONM techniques, as well as the development of new ones.

Dr. Gea Drost
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• intraoperative neuromonitoring
• motor evoked potentials
• stereotactic surgery
• evidence-based medicine
• neurolog-ical outcome