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Special Issue "Probiotics and Prebiotics in Fish Nutrition and Immunity"

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A special issue of Fishes (ISSN 2410-3888). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Feeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 April 2023 | Viewed by 3179

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Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Shao-Yang Hu

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Guest Editor

Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Hseufu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
Interests: probiotics; aquaculture; immunostimulants; gene expression; bacteriocin; exopolysaccharides

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, the aquaculture production for human consumption has increased rapidly. However, disease problems have become a major potential threat to the sustainable development of aquaculture. Regarding the ban on the use of antibiotics as prophylactic agents or growth promoters has become an international consensus; thus, alternative strategies for biocontrol in aquaculture need to be urgently developed. Recently, great efforts have been made in the study of probiotics and prebiotics in fish and shellfish production. This Special Issue welcomes contributions on the topics involving probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in nutrition metabolism, immunomodulation, disease resistance, and gut microbiota in fish. The eminent research in these fields should hopefully contribute to the progression of aquaculture towards sustainable development. Therefore, I am pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of the journal Fishes, entitled “Probiotics and Prebiotics in Fish Nutrition and Immunity”.

Dr. Shao-Yang Hu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fishes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

probiotics
prebiotics
synbiotics
functional ingredients
nutrition metabolism
growth
immune response
gut microbiota

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Two Probiotic Candidates of the Genus Psychrobacter Modulate the Immune Response and Disease Resistance after Experimental Infection in Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus, Linnaeus 1758)

and

Fishes 2023, 8(3), 144; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes8030144 - 28 Feb 2023

Viewed by 378

Abstract

Probiotic bacteria are a recognized alternative to classical methods of disease prophylaxis and therapy. We tested the effects of their application on the immune reaction in juvenile turbot. To prevent digestion of the probiotics, rectal administration was applied to maximise colonization, by-passing digestion in the stomach. The application of Psychrobacter nivimaris and Psychrobacter faecalis showed beneficial effects on the inflammatory response and disease resistance after infection with the common pathogen Tenacibaculum maritimum. Treatment with P. nivimaris and P. faecalis resulted in 0% and 8% mortalities post-infection, while in the treatment control, an elevated mortality of 20% was observed. In the challenge controls (no infection), no mortalities were observed during the entire experimental period. After an experimental infection, mRNA expression of selected immune markers (mhc II α, il-1β, tcr, tgf β and tnf α) were determined by RT-QPCR at 0, 1 and 5 days post-infection (dpi). At 0 dpi, gene expression was comparable between the treatments and the treatment control, suggesting that probiotics did not act via immune stimulation of the host. At 1 dpi, all genes were up-regulated in the treatment control but not in the probiotic groups, indicating that the infection in probiotic-treated fish developed at a less severe level. At 5 dpi, mRNA expression returned to baseline levels. As a conclusion, the native probiotic candidates P. nivimaris and P. faecalis improved survival, whereas, in the control, mortality increased and expression of the immune markers was up-regulated post infection. This highlights a potential application of P. nivimaris and P. faecalis in disease prophylaxis, but further research is needed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotics and Prebiotics in Fish Nutrition and Immunity)

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Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Administration of the Potential Probiotic Paenibacillus ehimensis NPUST1 Enhances Expression of Indicator Genes Associated with Nutrient Metabolism, Growth and Innate Immunity against Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus indie Infections in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Fishes 2022, 7(6), 386; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060386 - 12 Dec 2022

Viewed by 581

Abstract

Probiotics as antibiotic alternatives for preventing and controlling infectious diseases are a relatively eco-friendly strategy in aquaculture. The bacteriocin-producing probiotic Paenibacillus ehimensis NPUST1 was isolated from tilapia culture pond water in our previous study. The present study demonstrated that P. ehimensis NPUST1 produced hydrolytic enzymes, including protease, amylase, cellulase, xylanase and lipase. The effects of P. ehimensis NPUST1 on zebrafish nutrient metabolism, growth performance and innate immunity were evaluated by measuring the expression of indicator genes in zebrafish after feeding P. ehimensis NPUST1 at doses of 10⁶ and 10⁷ CFU/g for 8 weeks. There was an obvious increase in the hepatic mRNA expression of carbohydrate metabolism-related genes, including glucokinase, hexokinase 1, glucose-6-phosphatase, and pyruvate kinase, and growth-related genes, including the growth hormone receptor and insulin-like growth factor-1. The expression of the innate immune-related genes including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-15, tumor necrosis factor-α, toll-like receptor (TLR)-1, TLR-4, complement component C3b and lysozyme were significantly increased in P. ehimensis NPUST1-supplemented fish. A significant reduction in cumulative mortality was exhibited in P. ehimensis NPUST1-supplemented fish after infection with Aeromonas hydrophila and Streptococcus iniae. In conclusion, our data suggested that P. ehimensis NPUST1 supplementation in feed could potentially improve nutrient metabolism and growth in addition to enhancing innate immunity and disease resistance against A. hydrophila and S. iniae in zebrafish. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotics and Prebiotics in Fish Nutrition and Immunity)

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Figure 1

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Dietary Supplementation with Prebiotic Chitooligosaccharides Enhances the Growth Performance, Innate Immunity and Disease Resistance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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Fishes 2022, 7(6), 313; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060313 - 29 Oct 2022

Viewed by 605

Abstract

Prebiotics acting as immunosaccharides exhibit immunomodulatory functions to improve the immune defense of the host against infectious diseases. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary chitooligosaccharide (COS) supplementation on the growth, innate immunity and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed a diet containing 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.2% COSs for 8 weeks. The results showed significant increases in weight gain (WG), feed efficiency (FE) and specific growth rate (SGR) in COS-supplemented fish compared to fish in the control group. The fish exhibited a significant decrease in cumulative mortality in fish fed 0.8% and 1.2% COS when challenged with Streptococcus iniae. The immune parameters, including phagocytotic activity (PA), respiratory burst (RB) activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities of the head kidney and serum lysozyme, as well as the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8, were revealed in 0.8% and 1.2% COS-supplemented fish. These results demonstrated that COS could be used as a prebiotic and that dietary supplementation with 0.8% COS could improve growth performance and innate immunity against pathogen infections in Nile tilapia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotics and Prebiotics in Fish Nutrition and Immunity)

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Figure 1

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Probiotics on Growth Performance, Haematological and Biochemical Profiles in Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii Brandt, 1869)

Elena Eugenia Mocanu

Viorica Savin

Marcel Daniel Popa

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Floricel Maricel Dima

Fishes 2022, 7(5), 239; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7050239 - 07 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1120

Abstract

The use of probiotics in aquaculture has become a necessity to increase disease resistance. Probiotics are also capable of increasing feed digestion and conversion, decreasing sensitivity to stress, and improving the health of the fish. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of probiotics on survival, welfare, growth indices and blood composition in Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii), reared in a recirculating system. Diets were supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus (FLa) and Saccharomyces boulardii (FSb), separately and combined (FLa + Sb). The effect of probiotics was investigated on 2000 fish with a mean weight of 8.82 ± 0.29 g/specimen. Fish were fed for eight weeks with four different diets: a control without probiotics, one with the addition of lactic acid bacteria (La), one with the addition of yeast (Sb), and one with a mixture of bacteria and yeast in equal proportions (50% La + 50% Sb). FLa + Sb showed a better condition factor (Fulton coefficient, K = 0.39%) and significantly higher growth performance in terms of individual growth (WGi = 35.56 g), total growth gain (WGt = 15.30 g), specific growth rate (SGR, 2.70%/day), and feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.58), compared to the control. The concentration of lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils was higher in the tanks fed with probiotics compared to the control. The presence of probiotics caused a decrease in cholesterol and glucose. There were significant differences between the Immunoglobulin M values identified in the tank fed with FLa + Sb and the control tank. The results showed that the addition of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts, introduced as probiotics in the diets of Acipenser baerii, reared in a recirculating system, improved the growth indicators, survival, and welfare of the fish. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probiotics and Prebiotics in Fish Nutrition and Immunity)

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