Special Issue "Noncanonical Nucleobases"

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomolecular Crystals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (21 December 2018)

Special Issue Editor

Structural Chemistry Research Group and X-ray Diffraction Laboratory, Chemistry Department, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00191 Roma, Italy
Interests: supramolecular chemistry; crystal engineering; canonical and epigenetic nucleobases; hydrogen bond; halogen bond; X-ray single-crystal; X-ray powder diffraction; theoretical calculations; AFM
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Naturally-occurring modified nucleobases, next to the four canonical nucleobases, extend the chemical information content of DNA and RNA, but their role in regulating the basic functions in a cell is still largely unexplored. In addition, over the past two decades chemically modified nucleobases have been developed as versatile tool for chemical fine-tuning of artificial DNA in the emerging area of synthetic biology. Indeed, unnatural base pairing may possess higher specificity and thermal stability through suitable design of artificial nucleobases and yield an artificially expanded genetic information system.

The aim of this forthcoming Special Issue, "Noncanonical Nucleobases", is not only to present new crystal structures, but also to discuss the nature and the strength of interactions in biological systems containing such important molecules. However, theoretical analyses concerning modified nucleobases, if related to their crystal structure, are also appropriate.

It is a pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue; regular articles, communications, as well as reviews are all welcome.

Prof. Dr. Gustavo Portalone
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Noncanonical DNA base
  • Noncanonical RNA base
  • Noncanonical base-pairing
  • Noncovalent interactions
  • Crystal structure
  • Quantum chemical calculations
  • Energetics and structure prediction

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

Review
Reading and Misreading 8-oxoguanine, a Paradigmatic Ambiguous Nucleobase
Crystals 2019, 9(5), 269; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9050269 - 23 May 2019
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4847
Abstract
7,8-Dihydro-8-oxoguanine (oxoG) is the most abundant oxidative DNA lesion with dual coding properties. It forms both Watson–Crick (anti)oxoG:(anti)C and Hoogsteen (syn)oxoG:(anti)A base pairs without a significant distortion of a B-DNA helix. DNA polymerases bypass oxoG [...] Read more.
7,8-Dihydro-8-oxoguanine (oxoG) is the most abundant oxidative DNA lesion with dual coding properties. It forms both Watson–Crick (anti)oxoG:(anti)C and Hoogsteen (syn)oxoG:(anti)A base pairs without a significant distortion of a B-DNA helix. DNA polymerases bypass oxoG but the accuracy of nucleotide incorporation opposite the lesion varies depending on the polymerase-specific interactions with the templating oxoG and incoming nucleotides. High-fidelity replicative DNA polymerases read oxoG as a cognate base for A while treating oxoG:C as a mismatch. The mutagenic effects of oxoG in the cell are alleviated by specific systems for DNA repair and nucleotide pool sanitization, preventing mutagenesis from both direct DNA oxidation and oxodGMP incorporation. DNA translesion synthesis could provide an additional protective mechanism against oxoG mutagenesis in cells. Several human DNA polymerases of the X- and Y-families efficiently and accurately incorporate nucleotides opposite oxoG. In this review, we address the mutagenic potential of oxoG in cells and discuss the structural basis for oxoG bypass by different DNA polymerases and the mechanisms of the recognition of oxoG by DNA glycosylases and dNTP hydrolases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Noncanonical Nucleobases)
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