Addressing Challenges in Child Mental Health Research and Strategies for Comprehensive Development (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 January 2026 | Viewed by 1598

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, 44003 Teruel, Spain
Interests: children; adolescents; emotional disorders; treatment; assessment; mental health continum; suicide; autism spectrum disorder
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Guest Editor
Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Alacant, 03690 Alicante, Spain
Interests: emotional regulation; emotional intelligence; frustration tolerance; behavioral problems; behavioral disorders; social skills; relational skills; childrens; adolescents
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Importance of Research

This monograph underscores the importance of research in the field of child mental health. Through rigorous studies and data analyses, we can identify the risk and protective factors that influence the mental health of children and young people, including the effects of parent–child interaction. Additionally, research provides crucial information for the development of effective interventions and public health policies aimed at promoting psychological well-being from an early age.

Current Challenges

We face various challenges in the field of child mental health, ranging from a lack of access to adequate services to the social stigma associated with mental disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these difficulties, with an increase in levels of stress, anxiety, and depression among children and young people due to social isolation, the disruption of routines, and uncertainty about the future. The interruption or deterioration of parent–child interactions during these crises is an additional risk factor that deserves special consideration.

Strategies for Improvement

To address these challenges, it is crucial to implement comprehensive strategies involving multiple stakeholders, including health professionals, educators, families, and communities. This may include promoting healthy school environments, supporting and enhancing positive parent–child interactions, and training healthcare professionals in the early detection and treatment of mental disorders, as well as public awareness campaigns to reduce stigma and promote acceptance and support for those facing emotional difficulties.

Conclusions

In summary, this monograph highlights the urgency of addressing child mental health as a global priority. By understanding current challenges and developing effective strategies—including interventions that target the quality of parent–child interaction—we can work towards a future where all children and young people have the opportunity to grow and thrive in environments that promote their mental health and overall well-being.

Dr. Tíscar Rodríguez-Jiménez
Dr. Ignasi Navarro-Soria
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • child mental health
  • cognitive development
  • emotional well-being
  • mental disorders
  • early interventions
  • prevention strategies
  • social impact
  • access to healthcare services
  • stigma and discrimination
  • parent–child interaction

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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44 pages, 4859 KB  
Article
Finding the Prevalence of Autism in Female Mental Illness: Improving Child Development for an Underdiagnosed and Undertreated Population
by Robert McCrossin
Children 2025, 12(12), 1600; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12121600 - 24 Nov 2025
Viewed by 286
Abstract
Structure of the study: Aims: The primary aim is to explore intergenerational clinical issues caused by the underdiagnosis of female autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in mental illness (MI) patients by calculating the proportion of patients with mental health conditions who are autistic. [...] Read more.
Structure of the study: Aims: The primary aim is to explore intergenerational clinical issues caused by the underdiagnosis of female autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in mental illness (MI) patients by calculating the proportion of patients with mental health conditions who are autistic. Secondary aims are to derive further values for the true prevalence of female ASD and to derive a mathematical model to estimate the improved efficiency of management based on the correct diagnostic formulation. Context: Review diagnosis problems and background issues relating to female autism which affect the diagnosis and management of ASD and associated MIs. Methodology: An inductive process using Bayes’ theorem including a novel form akin to a medical test with secondary data from peer-reviewed sources, and the key variable of the unbiased value for the prevalence of ASD in females. Derivation of a model for management efficiency based on the Pareto Principle. Results: Prevalence values for ASD in various mental illnesses and conditions consequent on or associated with ASD and MI. Further data for the prevalence of female ASD with a range of 19 values. Estimation of the efficiency gains as advocacy for the revision of methods of treatment. Discussion: The centrality of diagnosing ASD in mothers with mental illness, in particular perinatal depression, to break a common intergenerational cycle. Problems to overcome and aspects of effective management including environmental and therapeutic interventions. Summary: This paper will, for the first time, calculate the proportions of children and young women with a mental illness (MI) who are autistic, and consider the consequences. Recent information suggests female autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) is much more common than previously thought, with a likely prevalence of 6% and with 80% undiagnosed at the age of 18. ASD then becomes a common comorbidity of female mental illness with nearly one in five women who develop a mental illness being autistic. ASD has heretofore been regarded as a pediatric condition and, though now thought to be lifelong, it is still not well recognized by adult health services. Most mental illness first presents in the teens and early twenties, although anxiety can begin even earlier. Comorbid ASD is more difficult to diagnose due to diagnostic overshadowing, and ASD comorbidity makes the mental illness more severe and more difficult to treat. The consequences of perinatal depression are particularly concerning due to their intergenerational effects. Recognized ASD is readily treatable with an approach empathetic to neurodiversity. Improving the transition from adolescence to young adulthood by increasing knowledge of autism in adult health services would dramatically improve female mental health at surprisingly little effort or extra cost. Full article
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Review

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26 pages, 889 KB  
Review
The Body as a Battlefield: Identity Development and Psychosomatic Expression in Eating Disorders Across Childhood and Adolescence
by Giuseppe Marano, Daniele Napolitano, Esmeralda Capristo, Gianandrea Traversi, Osvaldo Mazza, Eleonora Gaetani and Marianna Mazza
Children 2025, 12(11), 1465; https://doi.org/10.3390/children12111465 - 29 Oct 2025
Viewed by 974
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Eating disorders (EDs) frequently emerge during critical stages of childhood and adolescence, when identity development and emotional regulation are still maturing. Disturbances in self-concept clarity and identity integration may transform the body into a symbolic battlefield for autonomy, belonging, and self-worth. This [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Eating disorders (EDs) frequently emerge during critical stages of childhood and adolescence, when identity development and emotional regulation are still maturing. Disturbances in self-concept clarity and identity integration may transform the body into a symbolic battlefield for autonomy, belonging, and self-worth. This review synthesizes developmental, psychosocial, neurocognitive, and therapeutic perspectives on the role of identity disturbance in EDs. Methods: A narrative review was conducted (2010–2025) using combinations of terms related to identity, self-concept clarity, self-discrepancy, objectification, interoception, and eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder). Results: Findings indicate that identity vulnerability (expressed as low self-concept clarity, heightened self-discrepancies, and self-objectification) mediates the association between early adversity, sociocultural pressures, and ED symptoms. Neurocognitive studies reveal altered self-referential processing, default mode network connectivity, and interoceptive signaling. Clinically, comorbid borderline personality features further exacerbate identity disturbance and complicate recovery. Evidence-based treatments such as enhanced cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-E) effectively target core maintaining mechanisms, while adjunctive interventions (mentalization-based therapy, schema therapy, narrative approaches, and compassion- or acceptance-based methods) show promise in addressing identity-related processes and improving outcomes. Conclusions: Identity disturbance provides a unifying framework for understanding why ED symptoms become entrenched despite adverse consequences. Integrating identity-focused approaches with nutritional and medical care may enhance recovery and reduce chronicity in youth. Future research should adopt longitudinal and mechanistic designs to clarify pathways linking identity change to clinical improvement and test identity-specific augmentations to standard ED treatments. Full article
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