Special Issue "Tumours and Leukocyte Research in Livestock and Company Animals"

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2021.

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Urszula Lisiecka
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Guest Editor
Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
Dr. Dorota Pietras-Ożga
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Guest Editor
Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Since the proper functioning of the immune system is critical for survival, the study of immunology is a matter of great importance. Unfortunately, the immune system can malfunction and incorrectly identify self-antigens, harmless food, or every-day substances as targets, leading to autoimmune diseases and allergies. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the dysfunction of the host's immune system represents one of the major mechanisms by which tumors evade immunosurveillance. The immune system interacts with tumors over the entire process of disease development, progression, and metastasis. This complex cross-talk between immune cells and cancer tissue can both inhibit and enhance tumor progression. Hence, current immunology research in livestock and company animals should concentrate on revealing weak points of the immune response. Leukocytes function as crucial elements of the immune system, which is why learning leukocyte biology in animals is extremely important. Identifying leukocyte heterogeneity in animals and the characterization of their novel mechanisms of action can shed new light on the roles of leukocyte subsets in many diseases and cancers.

The topics of the Special Issue will cover, but are not limited to, leukocyte biology, leukocyte antigens, tumor biology, and associations between immune cell profiles and the progress of diseases and cancers. Moreover, we seek to address the issues of leukocytes in autoimmune diseases and allergies, microbiota regulation of leukocyte maturation and functioning in animals, leukocyte response during tumorigenesis, and tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs). This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of recent advances in the above areas in livestock and company animals.

Dr. Urszula Lisiecka
Dr. Dorota Pietras-Ożga
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immune cells
  • immune response
  • animal leukocytes
  • avian leukocytes
  • tumour immunology
  • anti-tumour immune response
  • tumour microenvironment
  • cancer immunotherapy in animals
  • cancer treatment in animals
  • Tumour Infiltrating Leukocytes (TILs)

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

Article
Comparative Expression Analysis of Innate Immune Markers and Phagocytic Activity in Peripheral Blood of Dogs with Mammary Tumors
Animals 2021, 11(8), 2398; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11082398 - 13 Aug 2021
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Abstract
Canine innate immune system role in cancer prevention and progression remains poorly understood. It has been revealed that innate immune cells could play a dual role in cancer immunology promoting or inhibiting tumor development and growth. Current immunotherapies target mainly the adaptive anti-tumor [...] Read more.
Canine innate immune system role in cancer prevention and progression remains poorly understood. It has been revealed that innate immune cells could play a dual role in cancer immunology promoting or inhibiting tumor development and growth. Current immunotherapies target mainly the adaptive anti-tumor response and that may be a reason why they remain ineffective in a majority of patients. It is important to acquire detailed knowledge about innate immune mechanisms to broaden the diagnostic and therapeutic options and employ innate immune cells in anti-cancer therapies. In the present study, 21 female dogs of different breeds and types of spontaneous mammary tumors were investigated. The study aimed to find simple and cheap markers that can be used for preliminary diagnosis, prior to the surgical resection of the tumor. The differences in innate immune cell quantity and function were investigated between female dogs with malignant mammary tumors of epithelial and mesenchymal origin. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the percentages of CD5+ lymphocytes including CD5low lymphocytes, CD11b integrin expression on leukocytes, phagocytosis, and oxidative burst. The number of CD11b lymphocytes was increased in tumors with epithelial origin compared to the control group. No significant differences were found between the percentages of phagocytic cells neither for granulocytes nor for monocytes. However, the phagocytes of canine patients with tumors of epithelial origin showed increased phagocytosis compared to the control group. The percentages of granulocytes that produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to E.coli and PMA were not altered in patients with malignant tumors compared to control. A statistically significant difference between the number of ROS produced by the single granulocyte was demonstrated only between the group of bitches with epithelial tumors and the control group in case of E. coli stimulation. The obtained results suggest that some innate immune cells may be involved in anti-tumor immune mechanisms and have the potential to be supportive diagnostic markers in canine mammary tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tumours and Leukocyte Research in Livestock and Company Animals)
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Article
Immunohistochemical Characterization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Canine Lymphomas
Animals 2021, 11(8), 2301; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11082301 - 04 Aug 2021
Viewed by 575
Abstract
Macrophages have been confirmed to play a significant role in the behavior of human lymphomas, albeit no consistent data are so far available in canine lymphomas. The present study characterizes the macrophages present in cases of canine nodal lymphoma and their relationship with [...] Read more.
Macrophages have been confirmed to play a significant role in the behavior of human lymphomas, albeit no consistent data are so far available in canine lymphomas. The present study characterizes the macrophages present in cases of canine nodal lymphoma and their relationship with the histological grade and the immunophenotype. Samples from the lymph nodes of 25 dogs diagnosed with lymphoma were selected. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the tumor immunophenotype (CD3 and CD20 antibodies) and macrophage characterization (Iba1, MAC387, CD204, CD163 and iNOS antibodies). Macrophage counting was performed in 10 randomly selected, high-power fields per sample. Generalized linear models with Poisson distribution were used for statistical analysis. A significantly greater number of macrophages (Iba1+) were detected in high-grade and B-cell lymphomas. The highest amount of both M1 (iNOS+) and M2 (CD204+ and CD163+) subtypes were observed in B-cell lymphomas. High-grade lymphomas showed a greater number of CD204+ and CD163+ cells and recently recruited MAC387+ macrophages. The latter were most abundant in T than in B-cell lymphomas. In conclusion, a significant population of macrophages is present in canine lymphomas, which constitute a heterogeneous population that shows variations in the amount and immunohistochemical profile according to the histological grade and immunophenotype. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tumours and Leukocyte Research in Livestock and Company Animals)
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