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Innovative and Alternative Feeding Strategies to Improve Gut Health in...
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Innovative and Alternative Feeding Strategies to Improve Gut Health in Poultry and Fish Production Systems

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 9737

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ilaria Biasato

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco (TO), Italy
Interests: chicken; fish; gut health; histopathology; morphometry; histochemistry; insect meal; animal feeding; microbiota/microbiome

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the concept of “gut health” has gained increasing attention in animal production, since it has a remarkable influence on both animal health and performance. Despite a clear definition of “gut health” having not been proposed yet, the relationship between diet and the intestinal barrier (consisting of the microbiota and their products, mucus layers, host-derived antimicrobial compounds, epithelium, and underlying immune tissue) appears to have a central role.

This Special Issue aims to collect multidisciplinary, original research and reviews about (1) the effects of innovative and alternative dietary interventions on all the aspects related to the gut health in fish and poultry and (2) the repercussions of gut health modifications on the health status and the productive performance of the animals.

Dr. Ilaria Biasato
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • poultry
  • fish
  • feeding strategies
  • gut health
  • microbiota/microbiome
  • intestinal mucosa

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 3683 KiB  
Article
Effects of Dietary Protein Level on the Gut Microbiome and Nutrient Metabolism in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
by Changgeng Yang, Ming Jiang, Xin Lu and Hua Wen
Animals 2021, 11(4), 1024; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11041024 - 05 Apr 2021
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2732
Abstract
Dietary protein is one of the most important nutritional factors in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary protein levels on the gut microbiome and the liver and serum levels of metabolites in tilapia. Tilapia were fed [...] Read more.
Dietary protein is one of the most important nutritional factors in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of dietary protein levels on the gut microbiome and the liver and serum levels of metabolites in tilapia. Tilapia were fed a diet with a low (20%), moderate (30%), or high (40%) content of crude protein, and the homeostasis of the gut microbiome and metabolic profile of the liver and serum were analyzed. The results showed no significant differences in the diversity and richness of the gut microbiome among the groups; however, there were differences in the microbial composition of the gut. The metabolome analysis of liver samples revealed a difference in the glucose level among the groups, with the highest glucose level in fish fed a high protein diet. In addition, there were significant differences in the levels of tyrosine, guanosine, and inosine among the metabolome analysis of serum samples of these groups. In summary, diets with different protein levels could affect the composition of gut microbiota and the dynamic balance of microbial communities. Dietary protein content can also affect glycolysis and amino acid metabolism in tilapia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Alternative Feeding Strategies to Improve Gut Health in Poultry and Fish Production Systems)
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14 pages, 1198 KiB  
Article
Effect of Dietary Medium-Chain α-Monoglycerides on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Histomorphology, Amino Acid Digestibility, and Broiler Chickens’ Blood Biochemical Parameters
by Shimaa A. Amer, Afaf A-Nasser, Hanan S. Al-Khalaifah, Dina M. M. AlSadek, Doaa M. Abdel fattah, Elshimaa M. Roushdy, Wafaa R. I. A. Sherief, Mohamed F. M. Farag, Dalia E. Altohamy, Ahmed A. A. Abdel-Wareth and Abdallah E. Metwally
Animals 2021, 11(1), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010057 - 30 Dec 2020
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4179
Abstract
This trial was conducted to assess the impact of medium-chain α-monoglycerides, glycerol monolaurate (GML) supplementation on the growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility coefficient (AID%) of amino acids, intestinal histomorphology, and blood biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Three-day-old chicks (76.82 g ± 0.40, n [...] Read more.
This trial was conducted to assess the impact of medium-chain α-monoglycerides, glycerol monolaurate (GML) supplementation on the growth performance, apparent ileal digestibility coefficient (AID%) of amino acids, intestinal histomorphology, and blood biochemical parameters of broiler chickens. Three-day-old chicks (76.82 g ± 0.40, n = 200) were haphazardly allocated to four experimental groups with five replicates for each (10 chicks/replicate). The treatments consisted of basal diets supplemented with four glycerol monolaurate levels; 0, 1, 3, or 5 g kg−1 (GML0, GML1, GML3, and GML5, respectively). Growth performance was determined at three periods (starter, grower, and finisher). Dietary GML had no significant effect on the growth performance parameters (body weight, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio) through all the experimental periods. GML1 diet increased the AID% of leucine and decreased the AID% of arginine. GML1 diet increased the duodenal and jejunal villous height and the jejunal muscle thickness. GML3 and GML5 diets increased the goblet cell count in the duodenum. GML supplementation increased the serum level of high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol. GML5 diet increased the serum levels of IgM and interleukin 10 compared to the control group. We could conclude that dietary supplementation of glycerol monolaurate can supplement broiler chicken diets up to 5 g kg−1 to enhance the immune status and intestinal histomorphology of birds with no improving effect on growth performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Alternative Feeding Strategies to Improve Gut Health in Poultry and Fish Production Systems)
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13 pages, 1420 KiB  
Article
Yellow Mealworm Inclusion in Diets for Heavy-Size Broiler Chickens: Implications for Intestinal Microbiota and Mucin Dynamics
by Ilaria Biasato, Ilario Ferrocino, Elena Grego, Sihem Dabbou, Francesco Gai, Laura Gasco, Luca Cocolin, Maria Teresa Capucchio and Achille Schiavone
Animals 2020, 10(10), 1909; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101909 - 18 Oct 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2312
Abstract
In the present trial, 160 heavy-size male broiler chickens were allocated to 4 dietary treatments (control feed [C] and 5, 10 and 15% TM meal inclusion, respectively, with 5 replicate pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen) to evaluate the influence of TM meal on intestinal [...] Read more.
In the present trial, 160 heavy-size male broiler chickens were allocated to 4 dietary treatments (control feed [C] and 5, 10 and 15% TM meal inclusion, respectively, with 5 replicate pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen) to evaluate the influence of TM meal on intestinal microbiota and mucin composition. The broiler chickens fed TM-based diets showed higher beta diversity of their cecal microbiota in comparison with the C birds (p < 0.001). A significant decrease of the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum and lower Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratios (False Discovery Rate [FDR] < 0.05) were also identified in TM15 broiler chickens when compared to the C group. Furthermore, the TM birds showed decreased relative abundance of Clostridium, Coprococcus, L-Ruminococcus and Ruminococcus genera (FDR < 0.05). In relation to the gut mucin composition, higher mucin staining intensity was detected in the intestinal crypts of TM5 birds in comparison with the other TM groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary TM meal inclusion negatively influenced the cecal microbiota of heavy-size broiler chickens in terms of partial alteration of the physiological microbial population and reduction of the potential beneficial bacteria (with slightly more pronounced effects when testing the 10–15% inclusion levels). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative and Alternative Feeding Strategies to Improve Gut Health in Poultry and Fish Production Systems)
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