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  • Article
  • Open Access

Safe Reinforcement Learning Control Method for an Aeroengine Using a Control Barrier Function Safety Filter

  • Maolin Zhou,
  • Ruichao Li,
  • Tong Wu,
  • Jionghao Liu and ,
  • Hongtai Pang,
  • Yingqing Guo and
  • Chenyang Lai
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author
Aerospace2026, 13(11), 1067;https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13111067 
(registering DOI)

14 November 2026

To address the conflict between fast response and strict safety constraints in aeroengine transient control, this paper proposes a hierarchical safe reinforcement learning method based on a control barrier function (CBF) safety filter. Under the same...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
Aerospace2026, 13(11), 1068;https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13111068 
(registering DOI)

14 November 2026

Parafoil airdrop systems are sensitive to atmospheric wind disturbances, and wind prediction accuracy is critical for trajectory planning. However, the relationship between prediction accuracy and landing precision is poorly quantified. This study pr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
Aerospace2026, 13(11), 1066;https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13111066 
(registering DOI)

14 November 2026

To investigate the influence of nonlinear transmission characteristics of a semi-levered nose landing gear mechanism on landing impact responses, a nonlinear dynamic model calibrated using quasi-static load–stroke tests is established. The coup...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Complex Structural Dynamics)
  • Article
  • Open Access

Dynamic Flow Evolution and Characteristics Modeling of a Rotary Rear Variable Area Bypass Injector

  • Zhao-Hui Wang,
  • Run-Ze Chen,
  • Lai-Yu Zhu,
  • Rong-Xing Zhang and ,
  • Zhen-Yao Li and
  • Yue Huang
  • + 1 author+ 0 author
Aerospace2026, 13(11), 1065;https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace13111065 
(registering DOI)

13 November 2026

This study numerically investigates transient flow regulation in a simplified rotary rear variable area bypass injector (RVABI) across a range of actuation periods and bypass-to-core inlet total-pressure ratios. Opening and closing strokes follow dis...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access

13 November 2026

Rapid formation control of multi-parafoil swarms under gust disturbances and steering-line stroke limits is challenging because three-dimensional virtual commands must be realized through only two control channels and post-allocation saturation cause...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access

13 November 2026

An efficient morph wing evaluation is proposed to integrate morphing concepts and static aeroelastic effects, enabling fuel reduction, enhancing sustainability and reducing operational costs in air transportation while assessing specific advantages c...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aeroelasticity, Volume V)
  • Article
  • Open Access

12 November 2026

This study investigates planar Voronoi-based satellite-swarm reconfiguration near the Earth–Moon L2 point under the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem. Numerical simulations with linearized and nonlinear dynamics show that geometrically equ...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intelligent Multi-Agent Systems for Advanced Space Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access

12 November 2026

A shape memory alloy (SMA)-actuated morphing stratospheric airship configuration is proposed, in which SMA members serve simultaneously as actuation elements and primary load-carrying structures. A partitioned sequential coupling strategy is adopted,...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access

Development of a Wing Mass Estimation Method for a High-Aspect-Ratio Box-Wing Regional Aircraft

  • Chang Xu,
  • Alexandros Lessis,
  • Ulrich Carsten Johannes Rischmüller and
  • Mirko Hornung

12 November 2026

Computationally efficient and sufficiently accurate mass estimation methods are required for the design exploration of aircraft with nonconventional configurations at the conceptual design stage. This paper investigates a box-wing regional aircraft d...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Correction
  • Open Access
21 Views
4 Pages

Correction: Park et al. Verification and Testing of a Resource-Constrained CubeSat: On-Orbit Results and Lessons Learned from COSMIC. Aerospace 2026, 13, 654

  • Dohyeon Park,
  • Youngho Eun,
  • Dae-Eun Kang,
  • Dooyoung Jeong and ,
  • Hyeokjin Kweon,
  • Jaeheon Cheong and
  • Sang-Young Park
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

12 November 2026

The authors have made the following corrections to the author list and the content of the original publication [...]

  • Article
  • Open Access
82 Views
25 Pages

11 November 2026

Auxiliary power units (APUs) of aircraft undergo continuous performance degradation during service due to the coupled effects of operating environment and load. Accurate prediction of their remaining useful life (RUL) is of great significance for avo...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reliability and Health Management for Aerospace Utility Systems)
  • Review
  • Open Access
83 Views
28 Pages

11 November 2026

Relative pose measurement and 3D structural perception of space non-cooperative targets provide core technical support for on-orbit servicing, space debris removal, and defunct satellite capture. A single sensor can hardly achieve high-precision rang...

(This article belongs to the Section Astronautics & Space Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
86 Views
47 Pages

11 November 2026

Continuous stationkeeping near Sun–Earth collinear libration points requires thrusts of several mm/s2, which exhausts propellant-based propulsion and bounds mission lifetime. Building on the superconducting-loop solar sail configuration origina...

  • Article
  • Open Access
78 Views
18 Pages

Reliable Control for Hypersonic Variable Sweep Vehicles Based on Non-Fragile Model Prediction

  • Yabin Gao,
  • Yongjie Zeng,
  • Zeyu Guo,
  • Yao Li and ,
  • Zhuang Liu and
  • Ming Liu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

11 November 2026

This paper addresses the tracking problem of hypersonic variable-sweep vehicles (HVSVs) subject to model uncertainties and feedback gain perturbations. Neglecting feedback gain perturbations in controller design can degrade tracking performance and c...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Views
29 Pages

Multi-Agent Cooperative Transportation Control Based on Control Barrier Functions

  • Zhihang Chen,
  • Wendi Shang,
  • Chuanlin Song,
  • Yufei Song and ,
  • Haoran Zhang,
  • Lu Han,
  • Jinwen Hu,
  • Ming Huang and
  • Weilin Li
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

10 November 2026

Multi-UAV cooperative transportation in confined environments requires coordinated turning, collision avoidance, and mitigation of gust-induced payload motion. This paper develops a task-specific control framework that coordinates formation-geometry...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-UAV Target Tracking and Control)
  • Article
  • Open Access
28 Views
30 Pages

Study on Gain-Scheduled Control of a High-Speed Variable-Sweep Vehicle

  • Yufei Han,
  • Xuhui Zhang,
  • Chunlei Xie,
  • Jianyu Zan and
  • Zhifan Gong

10 November 2026

Variations in flight conditions and wing configuration alter the aerodynamic characteristics and inertial properties of high-speed variable-sweep vehicles. A longitudinal gain-scheduled controller combining common Lyapunov vertex synthesis and invers...

  • Article
  • Open Access
44 Views
16 Pages

10 November 2026

This work investigates the propulsion performance of a metal-ion thruster based on thermionic vacuum arc (TVA) discharge operated in direct current (dc) and pulsed regimes using zinc (Zn) as solid propellant. The study focuses on the indirect estimat...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric and Plasma Propulsion Systems: Plasma Dynamics, Performance Optimization, and Space Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
59 Views
14 Pages

Efficient Voxel-Based Updating of Changing Low-Altitude Conditions for Prismatic Airspace Topologies

  • Yamin Zhang,
  • Rong Xu,
  • Bin Hu,
  • Kaiyu Nie and ,
  • Hang Zhao,
  • Bo Chen and
  • Qinglei Kong
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

10 November 2026

The safe and scalable integration of drones into complex urban low-altitude airspace relies heavily on precise and real-time environmental modeling. However, the extreme volatility of low-altitude environments, often disrupted by dynamic obstacles an...

(This article belongs to the Section Air Traffic and Transportation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Views
29 Pages

10 November 2026

Satellite telemetry exhibits complex temporal dynamics and strong cross-parameter dependencies, complicating both reconstruction and anomaly detection. Conventional methods may inadequately capture channel-specific temporal behavior and cross-paramet...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spacecraft Dynamics, Resilient Control and Space Environment Interactions)
  • Article
  • Open Access
107 Views
31 Pages

10 November 2026

Low-level windshear is among the most hazardous weather on approach, and the reactive alerting chain fixed by certification standards such as TSO-C117 is the last line of defense. This paper asks whether the fixed five-second decision window of the c...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
74 Views
23 Pages

Multi-Objective Optimization for Mission-Oriented Earth–Moon Navigation Constellations

  • Ye Feng,
  • Xialan Chen,
  • Chao Yuan,
  • Zhihao Yang and ,
  • Xiang Li and
  • Jinru Lin
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

10 November 2026

With the continuous advancement of cislunar space exploration, reliable navigation infrastructure for diverse users is essential for future deep-space missions. This study investigates the design and service performance of navigation satellite conste...

(This article belongs to the Topic Resilient PNT for Urban and Cislunar Environments: GNSS, Cooperative Constellations and AI Fusion)
  • Review
  • Open Access
132 Views
19 Pages

10 November 2026

The renewed interest in long-duration human exploration missions to the Moon and Mars has highlighted the need for spacesuits capable of ensuring both physiological protection and operational performance. Operational extravehicular activity (EVA) spa...

(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Materials and Manufacturing for Extreme Environments in Energy and Aerospace)
  • Article
  • Open Access
41 Views
27 Pages

9 November 2026

This paper addresses an integral event-triggered secure formation control approach for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) subject to false data injection (FDI) attacks. The formation-learning closed loop is shown to be semiglobally practically uniformly...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in UAV Technology: Dynamics, Guidance, Navigation, and Control of Transformative Aerial Vehicles (2nd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
50 Views
27 Pages

Corridor-Protected Control Strategy for Tilt-Wing eVTOLs

  • Xuejun Li,
  • Shuguang Zhang,
  • Xu Ni and
  • Mingkai Wang

9 November 2026

Tilt-wing electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft face distinctive safety challenges during transition due to configuration variations, highly nonlinear aerodynamics and coupled effects of distributed electric propulsion. These charac...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Dynamics, Control, and Guidance of Green Aviation and Advanced Air Mobility)
  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Views
25 Pages

Multi-Bypass Matching and Flow Mechanisms in a Variable Cycle Compression System

  • Weihan Kong,
  • Heli Yang,
  • Lei Jin,
  • Hongwei Yan and ,
  • Baotong Wang and
  • Xinqian Zheng
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

9 November 2026

Adaptive cycle engines regulate the bypass ratio through variable geometry to reconcile low fuel consumption during subsonic cruise with high specific thrust during supersonic operation. This study investigates a two-shaft, two-bypass variable cycle...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Aero-Engine Aerodynamics and Flow Physics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
52 Views
20 Pages

8 November 2026

Lateral intakes generate distorted inflow and complex swirl structures upstream of axial fans. Steady and unsteady numerical simulations were performed to investigate the coupled flow field between a lateral intake and an axial-fan rotor. The local n...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
42 Views
30 Pages

8 November 2026

Repeated computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based aerodynamic optimization requires both a compact design space and an inexpensive mesh-update procedure. This study presents a reduced-parameter-to-mesh framework in which low-dimensional variables act...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Fluid Flow Modeling and Next-Generation Engineering Simulations and Optimization in Aerospace Applications)
  • Article
  • Open Access
39 Views
30 Pages

Operational Co-Flow Optimization of a Serviceable Space Data Center: Binding Capacities and Marginal Values at Fixed Designs

  • Pablo Sueiro-Martínez,
  • Pedro Orgeira-Crespo,
  • Uxía García Luis and
  • Fernando Aguado-Agelet

8 November 2026

This paper formulates one operational day of a space data center, which processes client data onboard for a ground network, as a cross-domain co-flow program on one time-expanded network with cyclic boundary conditions, solves it as a linear program...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Energy and Thermal Management Systems for Small Satellites)
  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Views
19 Pages

A Resilient and Efficient Low-Latency Hybrid Routing Algorithm for LEO Constellations

  • Miguel A. Salas-Natera,
  • Andrea González Corcobado and
  • Noelia Alfayate Alonso

8 November 2026

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are emerging as a key enabler of next-generation global communications, but achieving low-latency and reliable routing across inter-satellite links (ISLs) remains a major challenge. This paper proposes a...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Satellite Communications for Engineers and Scientists)
  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Views
24 Pages

Hierarchical Decision-Making Method for Swarm-to-Swarm Orbital Pursuit–Evasion Games

  • Yingjie Wang,
  • Li Yuan,
  • Huang Huang,
  • Yuanzhuo Geng and
  • Ruixing Wang

7 November 2026

To address the high complexity and varying scale of swarm-to-swarm orbital pursuit–evasion games, this paper proposes a hierarchical decision-making framework consisting of a progressive spatial-coverage target assignment method and a scalable...

(This article belongs to the Section Astronautics & Space Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
38 Views
43 Pages

Investigation of Fuel Cell Product Water Utilization Strategies for HT-PEMFCs

  • Moritz Georg Kolb,
  • Barlas Türkyilmaz,
  • Arne Seitz and
  • Mirko Hornung

6 November 2026

Reducing the emissions of the aviation sector will require innovative propulsion system solutions, maximizing as many system synergies as possible. For propulsion system concepts that include both a gas turbine and a fuel cell, utilizing the product...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations and Emerging Challenges in Aerospace Propulsion Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
35 Views
23 Pages

6 November 2026

To address online trajectory optimization problems subject to strict terminal-position and flight-direction constraints, this paper proposes an improved model predictive convex programming (MPCP) approach for closed-loop online trajectory prediction...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Guidance and Control Systems of Aerospace Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
34 Views
42 Pages

Terminal Cooperative Guidance Based on LOS Geometry and Optimal Control for TAD Engagement

  • Xiaojian Li,
  • Aiqing Yi,
  • Jingyi Dou,
  • Yaosong Long and
  • Jiawei Liang

6 November 2026

Some existing three-body cooperative guidance methods for terminal interception rely on the attacker’s future-maneuver prediction or explicit forecasting of its future maneuver and may require high overload demand. Therefore, this paper present...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mathematical Modelling, Guidance and Control for Aerospace Vehicles)
  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Views
39 Pages

6 November 2026

With the continuous increase in airport operational pressure, frequent conflicts and declining efficiency in aircraft surface taxiing have become increasingly prominent. This paper addresses the problem of aircraft conflict resolution and taxi trajec...

(This article belongs to the Section Air Traffic and Transportation)
  • Article
  • Open Access
30 Views
17 Pages

6 November 2026

This study proposes a simple, fast method for predicting fixed-pitch propeller axial thrust at various incidence angles and advance ratios. Based on the experimentally obtained results from the University of Dayton Low-Speed Wind Tunnel using off-the...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Views
29 Pages

6 November 2026

Free-floating space manipulators exhibit strong dynamic coupling between the robotic system and its spacecraft base, where configuration transitions may generate significant base-attitude disturbances. This paper proposes a constrained trajectory-pla...

(This article belongs to the Section Astronautics & Space Science)
  • Review
  • Open Access
69 Views
23 Pages

6 November 2026

The flowpath configuration of a scramjet combustor decisively governs its combustion performance. Scramjet combustors are generally classified into rectangular and circular cross-section types. For circular cross-section combustors, numerous flowpath...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Combustion and Flow in Propulsion Systems)
  • Article
  • Open Access
88 Views
31 Pages

5 November 2026

We investigate equilibrium-consistent reservoir-computing (RC) prediction and adaptively weighted model predictive control (MPC) for a nonlinear pitch–plunge flutter benchmark at Qf=8. A conditional residual-mean network compensates for RC pred...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
104 Views
35 Pages

Mechanical Optimization of the UPMSat-3 Platform for Satellite Constellation Industrialization

  • Andrés Larrea-Martínez,
  • Higinio Rubio,
  • Javier Pérez-Álvarez and
  • Elena Roibás-Millán

5 November 2026

The rapid expansion of the satellite constellation market requires spacecraft platforms designed for highly scalable manufacturing, increased production throughput, and agile integration workflows. This work presents the mechanical optimization of th...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Manufacturing, Assembly, and Testing Technologies for Spacecraft)
  • Article
  • Open Access
93 Views
35 Pages

5 November 2026

In multi-hop UAV ad hoc networks, three-dimensional high mobility, strong line-of-sight interference and a hard saturation constraint on control-plane broadcasting distinguish the channel load estimation problem from its terrestrial counterpart: the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
124 Views
22 Pages

5 November 2026

Discovering design rules is essential for advancing interpretable and intelligent propeller design. This paper proposes a knowledge–data hybrid-driven method for discovering design rules for high-efficiency propellers, with the aim of expanding...

(This article belongs to the Section Aeronautics)
  • Article
  • Open Access
52 Views
20 Pages

Study on the Calculation Method of Nonequilibrium Plasma Composition Considering Phase Transitions of Ablation Products

  • Jian Cui,
  • Mohmmad Al-Dweikat,
  • Yuxin Wei,
  • Donghui Zhang and ,
  • Yilan Chen and
  • Xiulin Qiu
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

4 November 2026

Accurate prediction of plasma composition during the phase transitions of ablation products remains challenging under thermodynamic nonequilibrium conditions. To address this issue, a plasma composition calculation method based on an electron–h...

  • Article
  • Open Access
31 Views
17 Pages

Comparative SPIV Investigation of Leakage Flow in an Open Clearance at Different Spanwise Locations Under a Moving Endwall

  • Caiyan Chen,
  • Hongyu Wang,
  • An Sheng,
  • Guangwei Zeng and ,
  • Mingmin Zhu and
  • Jinfang Teng
  • + 1 author+ 0 author

4 November 2026

Future commercial engines require higher bypass ratios and smaller cores, leading to open tip clearances exceeding 4% (s/H ≥ 4%) in rear stages. The resulting leakage flows show strong three-dimensional unsteady features that challenge numerical p...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Flow Physics and Heat Transfer in Turbomachinery)
  • Article
  • Open Access
49 Views
38 Pages

4 November 2026

The management of NOTAMs on the flight deck remains a challenge for flight crews, who must process large volumes of dense textual information to identify the notices relevant to their mission. Despite ongoing modernisation efforts, the NOTAM system s...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue AI-Driven Innovations in Air Traffic Management and Aviation Safety)
  • Article
  • Open Access
47 Views
13 Pages

4 November 2026

The micro xenon gas flow control module is mainly applied to the feed system of hundred-watt Hall electric propulsion. Two-channel microflow control is realized via structural design to meet the flow requirements of the anode and cathode of the Hall...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Electric Propulsion System)
  • Article
  • Open Access
196 Views
29 Pages

3 November 2026

The growing adoption of artificial intelligence in space communications has imposed increasingly demanding efficiency requirements on deep learning training for tasks such as intelligent signal processing and resource allocation. However, performance...

(This article belongs to the Section Astronautics & Space Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
187 Views
28 Pages

Hierarchical Quadruped Navigation with Risk and Cost Evaluation: Simulation Validation on Unstructured Terrain for Lunar Missions

  • Yuxuan Wei,
  • Haidong Hu,
  • Liqiang Tang,
  • Yifan Wu and ,
  • Hanwen Zhang,
  • Chengbin Sun and
  • Mengfei Yang
  • + 2 authors+ 0 author

3 November 2026

Quadruped navigation for future lunar missions requires route selection over unstructured terrain that accounts for terrain characteristics and controller execution capabilities. Fixed geometric rules cannot fully capture controller-specific executio...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Spacecraft Dynamics and Control (2nd Edition))
  • Article
  • Open Access
121 Views
17 Pages

Graded-Compliance Metal-Packaged FBG Strain Sensor for Cryogenic Strain Measurement of Reusable Launch Vehicles

  • Zhoulu Sun,
  • Yu Yang,
  • Jiachen Ning,
  • Zhaogang Wang and ,
  • Tao Liu,
  • Kaixiang Gong,
  • Huiwen Niu,
  • Yan Yang and
  • Yongqing Peng
  • + 4 authors+ 0 author

3 November 2026

This study develops a graded-compliance, metal-packaged fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensor for cryogenic structural health monitoring of metallic propellant tanks and pipelines on reusable launch vehicles (RLVs). The serially connected frame ena...

(This article belongs to the Section Astronautics & Space Science)
  • Article
  • Open Access
128 Views
29 Pages

3 November 2026

A one-dimensional combustion-path model is developed to relate wave-speed deficits to axial-force production in non-premixed rotating detonation rocket engines. Incoming propellant is partitioned into full detonation, attenuated-front combustion, par...

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Detonative Propulsion (3rd Edition))
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Aerospace - ISSN 2226-4310