Raphael Fehrmann is a postdoctoral researcher at the Institute of Educational Science, University of Münster (Germany). He is researching how maker education activities (such as the production of explanatory videos, e-books or podcasts by students, coding and programming, etc.) can help to promote future skills among primary school students, and how teachers can be enabled to teach digital skills through further training. As part of his dissertation (published in 2024), he investigated the state of professional digital competence among German pre-service teachers and explored how educational robotics can help to better understand the algorithmic structures behind digital media in order to lead students to digital sovereignty. Research interests: [1] Acquisition and promotion of digital competence among (primary) school students, implementation of digital education in schools and classrooms; [2] Making/Maker Education (production of explanatory videos by students, programming of educational robots ...) in (primary) schools in relation to issues of heterogeneity/inclusion, education for sustainable development and transformative learning; [3] Promotion of professional digital skills among student teachers and (primary) teachers; [4] Design of Open Educational Resources (OER) / implementation of Open Educational Practices (OEP) in university teaching; [5] Development of practical modules and materials for teachers to implement digital education.