PT J
AU Zhang, CB
   Tang, XY
   Ma, XY
   Zhong, ST
   Zhao, BC
   Xiao, ZP
   Gong, YX
AF Zhang, Chengbo
   Tang, Xianyue
   Ma, Xinyue
   Zhong, Shentong
   Zhao, Bochuan
   Xiao, Zuopeng
   Gong, Yongxi
TI Crafting a walkable and ridable urban green space system: Human-centered park network planning supported by active leisure travel trajectories
SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban parks; Green space network; Active travel; Human-centered planning; Community detection; Park connectivity
ID visitor movement patterns; ecological networks; physical-activity
AB Urban green space (UGS) networks are essential for creating sustainable and livable cities, yet their planning agendas predominantly rely on ecological methodology, overlooking the behavioral connectivity of how people actively use and connect with these spaces. This study addresses this gap by developing a human-centered framework to analyze and inform UGS network design based on active leisure travel (ALT) patterns. Using a large dataset of GPS trajectories from Shenzhen, China, we construct and compare distinct park networks for walking and cycling based on co-visitation patterns. We apply network science methods, including node analysis and community detection, to reveal the structural properties and hierarchies of these behaviorally-defined networks. Our results reveal that walking and cycling form distinct network structures. Walking networks exhibit higher local clustering, while cycling networks are characterized by greater spatial distribution. The community-detection findings demonstrate the degree of alignment between top-down planning clusters and bottom-up travel network communities. Hierarchical linear models are further calibrated to examine the association between network structure and park-level activity, underscoring the significant role of park connectivity planning. This research provides a data-driven methodology for planners to evaluate UGS connectivity from an active traveler perspective, identify latent opportunities for network enhancement, and design more effective and activity-supportive green infrastructure.
C1 [Tang, Xianyue; Ma, Xinyue; Zhong, Shentong; Xiao, Zuopeng; Gong, Yongxi] Harbin Inst Technol Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Chengbo] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
   [Zhang, Chengbo; Ma, Xinyue; Zhong, Shentong; Xiao, Zuopeng; Gong, Yongxi] Shenzhen Key Lab Urban Planning & Simulat Decis, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
   [Zhao, Bochuan] Tongji Univ, Dept Urban Planning, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
   [Zhao, Bochuan] Univ Penn, Weitzman Sch Design, Philadelphia, PA USA.
   [Tang, Xianyue] Hlth Human Settlement Renewal & Dev Inst, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
C3 Harbin Institute of Technology; McGill University; Tongji University; University of Pennsylvania
RP Zhang, CB; Xiao, ZP (通讯作者)，Shenzhen Key Lab Urban Planning & Simulat Decis, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
EM chengbo.zhang@mail.mcgill.ca; 23s056006@stu.hit.edu.cn; womaxinyue@163.com; 23s056012@stu.hit.edu.cn; zbccqsh@tongji.edu.cn; xiaozuopeng@hit.edu.cn; yongxi_gong@163.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [42571286, 42371202]; Guangdong Provincial University Young Innovative Talents Project [2023WQNCX140]
CR Barros C, 2020, CURR ISSUES TOUR, V23, P1291, DOI 10.1080/13683500.2019.1619674
   Blondel VD, 2008, J STAT MECH-THEORY E, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1088/1742-5468/2008/10/P10008
   Brown G, 2014, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V121, P34, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.09.006
   Cai ZR, 2023, LAND-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/land12030673
   Chen TX, 2023, PLOS ONE, V18, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0277913
   Chen Y, 2023, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V91, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104440
   Chen YY, 2018, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V31, P130, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2018.02.005
   Chiesura A, 2004, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V68, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.08.003
   Cui QY, 2024, J CLEAN PROD, V467, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142951
   Gao S, 2013, T GIS, V17, P463, DOI 10.1111/tgis.12042
   Grilli G, 2020, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V199, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103814
   He MJ, 2023, HELIYON, V9, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21671
   Hong WY, 2024, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V245, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105008
   HUBERT L, 1985, J CLASSIF, V2, P193, DOI 10.1007/BF01908075
   Hudecek T, 2017, J URBAN PLAN DEV, V143, P0, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000382
   Jongman R, 2004, ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS AND GREENWAYS: CONCEPT, V0, P0
   Jongman RHG, 2003, J ENVIRON SCI, V15, P173
   Kong FH, 2010, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V95, P16, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.11.001
   Korpilo S, 2017, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V157, P608, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.08.005
   Leung XY, 2012, INT J TOUR RES, V14, P469, DOI 10.1002/jtr.876
   Li HF, 2015, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V12, P12889, DOI 10.3390/ijerph121012889
   Li Jun, 2023, INT J ENVIRON RES PUBLIC HEALTH, V20, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph20043652
   Li YZ, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14159623
   Liu K, 2016, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V152, P49, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.04.001
   Liu SJ, 2024, SCI REP-UK, V14, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-53345-0
   Liu WP, 2021, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V63, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127211
   Liu Y, 2022, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V67, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127443
   Lopes IJC, 2023, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V87, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2023.128050
   Luo YH, 2022, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V78, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127771
   Mou NX, 2020, TOURISM MANAGE, V81, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104151
   Orellana D, 2012, TOURISM MANAGE, V33, P672, DOI 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.07.010
   Shi HC, 2025, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V107, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.128767
   Shi HC, 2024, APPL GEOGR, V170, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2024.103344
   Shi HC, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V103, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2023.101972
   Shih HY, 2006, TOURISM MANAGE, V27, P1029, DOI 10.1016/j.tourman.2005.08.002
   Smallwood CB, 2012, TOURISM MANAGE, V33, P517, DOI 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.06.001
   Snijders T, 1999, MULTILEVEL ANAL. INTROD. BASIC ADV. MULTILEVEL MODEL, V0, P0
   Song ZL, 2024, CITIES, V146, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104744
   Srikanth Anjanaa Devi, 2023, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON SMART AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES, V01, P0, DOI 10.1142/s2972426023400044
   Staccione A, 2022, ENVIRON SCI POLICY, V131, P57, DOI 10.1016/j.envsci.2022.01.017
   Strehl A, 2002, EIGHTEENTH NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AAAI-02)/FOURTEENTH INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CONFERENCE (IAAI-02), V0, P93, DOI 10.1162/153244303321897735
   Sugimoto K, 2019, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V11, P0, DOI 10.3390/su11030919
   Tang Q, 2024, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V101, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128548
   Tao Z, 2024, J URBAN MANAG, V13, P398, DOI 10.1016/j.jum.2024.05.004
   Torabi N, 2020, CITIES, V98, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2019.102527
   Tulisi A, 2017, TEMA, V10, P179, DOI 10.6092/1970-9870/5156
   Tzoulas K, 2010, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V9, P121, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2009.12.001
   Van Dyck D, 2013, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V12, P0, DOI 10.1186/1476-072X-12-26
   Venter ZS, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V232, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104686
   Wan YS, 2024, SCI REP-UK, V14, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-52650-y
   Wang CZ, 2021, T GIS, V25, P1065, DOI 10.1111/tgis.12722
   Wang YW, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14137656
   Wong KK, 2010, ASIAN GEOGR, V27, P13, DOI 10.1080/10225706.2010.9684150
   Wu W, 2023, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V82, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2023.127893
   Xiao ZP, 2024, APPL GEOGR, V172, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2024.103423
   Xiao ZP, 2025, TRANSPORTATION, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1007/s11116-025-10659-w
   Xie YC, 2015, URBAN GEOGR, V36, P947, DOI 10.1080/02723638.2015.1067410
   Yang X, 2025, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V259, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105343
   Yang X, 2025, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi14020080
   Zhang CB, 2025, CITIES, V162, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105971
   Zhang JL, 2025, URBAN SCI, V9, P0, DOI 10.3390/urbansci9040111
   Zhou QQ, 2021, SCI REP-UK, V11, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-99416-4
NR 63
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER GMBH
PI MUNICH
PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 1618-8667
EI 1610-8167
J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE
JI Urban For. Urban Green.
PD MAR 15
PY 2026
VL 117
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2025.129235
EA DEC 2025
PG 15
WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies
GA AQ9PR
UT WOS:001654652200002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Klos, MJ
   Staniek, M
   Sierpinski, G
AF Klos, Marcin Jacek
   Staniek, Marcin
   Sierpinski, Grzegorz
TI Beyond the core: Method for assessing 15-minute city adaptation in diverse urban environments with a comparative spatial analysis framework
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE 15-min city; Spatial analysis; Walkability; Accessibility; Sustainable transportation; Transport planning
ID accessibility; sustainability; covid-19; transit; service; space
AB This article introduces a methodology for assessing urban areas' alignment with the 15-min city concept, prioritising accessibility to essential services within a short walking or cycling distance. The study examines the applicability of this model in distinct urban contexts, focusing on Katowice, Augsburg, and Valencia, three European cities with contrasting urban and socioeconomic structures. Leveraging Geographic Information System (GIS) tools and OpenStreetMap data, the analysis includes isochrone mapping to evaluate pedestrian accessibility to selected public facilities, including healthcare, educational, commercial, and recreational venues. Conducting this assessment at the neighbourhood level enables the identification of spatial variations in alignment with 15min city criteria. Findings reveal significant accessibility disparities, with central districts generally more aligned with the model's assumptions than peripheral areas, particularly regarding social and recreational amenities. The study suggests that implementing the 15-min city concept across diverse urban forms requires adaptive strategies sensitive to each city's unique spatial and demographic characteristics. The proposed methodology offers urban planners a practical tool for evaluating and optimising service access to support sustainable spatial development and enhance residents' quality of life.
C1 [Klos, Marcin Jacek; Staniek, Marcin; Sierpinski, Grzegorz] Silesian Tech Univ, Fac Transport & Aviat Engn, Krasinskiego 8 St, PL-40019 Katowice, Poland.
C3 Silesian University of Technology
RP Klos, MJ (通讯作者)，Silesian Tech Univ, Fac Transport & Aviat Engn, Krasinskiego 8 St, PL-40019 Katowice, Poland.
EM marcin.j.klos@polsl.pl
FU National Centre for Research and Development [DUT/2022/93/SUMODO/2023]
CR Abdelfattah L, 2022, TEMA, V0, PP71, DOI 10.6092/1970-9870/8653
   Adobati F, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14021028
   Agyeman S, 2020, TRANSPORT POLICY, V99, P63, DOI 10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.08.015
   Allam Z, 2022, LANCET PLANET HEALTH, V6, PE181, DOI 10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00014-6
   Balletto G, 2022, TEMA, V0, PP7, DOI 10.6092/1970-9870/8651
   Bartzokas-Tsiompras A, 2023, J MAPS, V19, P0, DOI 10.1080/17445647.2022.2141143
   Campisi T, 2022, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROCEDIA, V60, P251, DOI 10.1016/j.trpro.2021.12.033
   Caselli B, 2022, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROCEDIA, V60, P346, DOI 10.1016/j.trpro.2021.12.045
   Caselli B, 2021, EUR TRANSP, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.48295/ET.2021.85.10
   Deponte D, 2020, TEMA, V0, PP133, DOI 10.6092/1970-9870/6857
   Di Marino M, 2023, EUR PLAN STUD, V31, P598, DOI 10.1080/09654313.2022.2082837
   Doughty K, 2016, MOBILITIES-UK, V11, P303, DOI 10.1080/17450101.2014.941257
   Dunning R, 2021, TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING, V0, P0
   Ermagun A, 2017, TRANSPORTMETRICA A, V13, P24, DOI 10.1080/23249935.2016.1207723
   European Commission, 2020, EU ROAD SAFETY POLICY FRAMEWORK 2021-2030-NEXT STEPS TOWARDS VISION ZERO, V0, P0
   Fossa G, 2018, PLANNING TALKS PER UN NUOVO IMMAGINARIO DELLA CITTA, V0, P0
   Furness Z, 2010, SPORTING, V0, P1
   Gaglione F, 2022, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROCEDIA, V60, P378, DOI 10.1016/j.trpro.2021.12.049
   Gower A, 2022, URBAN POLICY RES, V40, P36, DOI 10.1080/08111146.2021.2019701
   Guzman LA, 2021, TRAVEL BEHAV SOC, V24, P245, DOI 10.1016/j.tbs.2021.04.008
   Herbert J, 2021, TRANSFORMATION OR GENTRIFICATION? THE HAZY POLITICS OF THE 15-MINUTE CITY, V0, P0
   Hickman R, 2014, ROUT ADV CLIMATE, V0, PP1, DOI 10.4324/9780203074435
   Hosford K, 2022, TRANSP RES INTERDISC, V14, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trip.2022.100602
   Hunter RF, 2021, NAT COMMUN, V12, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41467-021-23937-9
   Kissfazekas K, 2022, CITIES, V123, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103587
   Klos MJ, 2023, J TRANSP GEOGR, V109, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103601
   Klos MJ, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13063086
   Lanza G, 2023, CITIES, V143, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104581
   Meschik M, 2012, PROCD SOC BEHV, V48, P495, DOI 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.1028
   Moreno C, 2021, ET APRES? VIE URBAINE ET PROXIMITE A LHEURE DU COVID-19, V0, P0
   Moreno C, 2021, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V4, P93, DOI 10.3390/smartcities4010006
   Mukhopadhyay A, 2022, TECHNOL CULT, V63, P876, DOI 10.1353/tech.2022.0124
   Nikitas A, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13094620
   OConnor D, 2018, RES TRANSP ECON, V69, P59, DOI 10.1016/j.retrec.2018.07.014
   OpenStreetMap contributors, 2023, PLANET DUMP, V0, P0
   Papadopoulos E, 2023, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V99, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104875
   Pashkevich A, 2021, DECISION SUPPORT METHODS IN MODERN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS, V0, PP95, DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-71771-1_7
   Peters A, 2019, FAST COMPANY, V0, P0
   Pozoukidou G, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13020928
   QGISorg, 2023, QGIS GEOGRAPHIC INFO, V0, P0
   Ryan J, 2021, J TRANSP GEOGR, V93, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103086
   Sagaris L, 2017, INT J SUSTAIN TRANSP, V11, P721, DOI 10.1080/15568318.2017.1312645
   Sagaris L, 2016, RES TRANSP ECON, V59, P218, DOI 10.1016/j.retrec.2016.05.008
   Sheller M, 2000, INT J URBAN REGIONAL, V24, P737, DOI 10.1111/1468-2427.00276
   Silva C, 2022, J TRANSP GEOGR, V101, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103336
   Silva C, 2017, TRANSPORT POLICY, V53, P135, DOI 10.1016/j.tranpol.2016.09.006
   Soliz A, 2021, J TRANSP GEOGR, V90, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102926
   Staricco L, 2022, J URBAN MOBIL, V2, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.urbmob.2022.100030
   Vale DS, 2016, J TRANSP LAND USE, V9, P209, DOI 10.5198/jtlu.2015.593
   van Vuren T, 2020, TRANSPORT REV, V40, P685, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2020.1747571
   Wang JY, 2024, GEOGR SUSTAIN, V5, P597, DOI 10.1016/j.geosus.2024.07.004
   Weng M, 2019, J TRANSP HEALTH, V13, P259, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2019.05.005
   WHO V, 2018, GLOBAL STATUS REPORT ON ROAD SAFETY 2018, V0, P0
   Ye CD, 2018, J TRANSP GEOGR, V66, P106, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.11.009
   Zivarts A, 2021, THE 15-MINUTE CITY ISNT MADE FOR DISABLED BODIES, V0, P0
   Zochowska R, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13073894
NR 56
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 23
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JAN 15
PY 2026
VL 168
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106459
EA SEP 2025
PG 18
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 8BT0G
UT WOS:001584879700001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Panahi, N
   Tavakoli, N
   Sarvestani, KK
AF Panahi, Niloofar
   Tavakoli, Neshat
   Sarvestani, Kiana Kamali
TI Women's walking behavior: Investigating contributing factors in urban contexts
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Women; Walking; Reflective thematic analysis; Shiraz
ID built environment; neighborhood; santiago
AB Walking is an essential mode of mobility that enhances both physical and mental health and is a vital part of urban life. However, certain groups, particularly women, face obstacles in this regard. Despite the topic's significance, there is a scarcity of studies on women's walking in Middle Eastern countries. This paper aims to address this gap by identifying the factors that affect women's walking in Shiraz, Iran. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 73 women living in Shiraz, and the data were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis. Six themes-health, socio-cultural, environmental, safety and security, weather, and functional-were identified. According to women, issues such as street harassment, unsafe flooring, hot weather, and unsuitable furniture are among the most serious barriers to walking in urban spaces. Additionally, women emphasized concerns like religious beliefs and family norms, which create invisible boundaries to their active presence in urban areas. This study demonstrates that promoting walkability for women necessitates attention to the social, cultural, and symbolic aspects of urban spaces, in addition to their physical structure. By incorporating these factors into planning, urban planners can create strategies that improve women's walking experiences and sense of belonging in cities.
C1 [Panahi, Niloofar] Persian Gulf Univ, Fac Art & Architecture, Dept Urban Planning, Bushehr, Iran.
   [Tavakoli, Neshat] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Art & Architecture, Dept Urban Planning, Tehran, Iran.
   [Sarvestani, Kiana Kamali] Shiraz Univ, Fac Art & Architecture, Dept Urban Planning, Shiraz, Iran.
C3 Persian Gulf University; Tarbiat Modares University; Shiraz University
RP Panahi, N (通讯作者)，Persian Gulf Univ, POB 7515745866, Bushehr, Iran.
EM Niloofarpanahi68@gmail.com
CR Adeel M, 2014, 5 INT C WOM ISS TRAN, V0, P41
   Annear M, 2024, J TRANSP HEALTH, V35, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2024.101755
   Böcker L, 2016, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V94, P360, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2016.09.021
   Boukrouh N, 2024, JOURNAL OF BUILDING PATHOLOGY AND REHABILITATION, V9, P0, DOI 10.1007/s41024-024-00434-2
   Coyne R, 2024, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V105, P321, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2024.07.015
   Daniels MJ, 2024, J OUTDOOR REC TOUR, V47, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jort.2024.100789
   Drapeau HF, 2024, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V24, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12889-024-19441-6
   Elzeni MM, 2022, CITIES, V129, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103840
   Gao J, 2020, J TRANSP GEOGR, V88, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102860
   Goel R, 2023, TRANSPORTATION, V50, P733, DOI 10.1007/s11116-021-10259-4
   Golan Y, 2019, J TRANSP LAND USE, V12, P501, DOI 10.5198/jtlu.2019.1472
   Herrmann-Lunecke MG, 2021, TRAVEL BEHAV SOC, V23, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.tbs.2021.01.002
   [黄晓燕 Huang Xiaoyan], 2020, 地理学报 ACTA GEOGRAPHICA SINICA, V75, P1256
   Lamíquiz PJ, 2015, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V74, P148, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2015.02.003
   Maté-Sánchez-Val A, 2025, CITIES, V162, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105895
   Mirzaei E, 2018, EUR TRANSP RES REV, V10, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12544-018-0292-x
   Müller C, 2024, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V21, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-024-01598-3
   Nigg C, 2024, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V21, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-024-01582-x
   Opuni FF, 2022, J TRANSP HEALTH, V25, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2022.101375
   Paydar M, 2017, CITIES, V60, P289, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2016.10.002
   Stark J, 2018, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V54, P311, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2018.02.017
   Trolese M, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su152115389
   Wang H, 2019, CITIES, V93, P43, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2019.04.015
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JAN 15
PY 2026
VL 168
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106467
EA SEP 2025
PG 5
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 7HR8A
UT WOS:001571280800001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Credit, K
   Farah, I
   Talen, E
   Anselin, L
   Ghomrawi, H
AF Credit, Kevin
   Farah, Irene
   Talen, Emily
   Anselin, Luc
   Ghomrawi, Hassan
TI The Walkable Accessibility Score (WAS): A spatially granular open-source measure of walkability for the continental US from 1997 to 2019
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE walkability; spatial analysis; accessibility; access score; POI data
ID primary-care; access; health; employment; transportation; associations; shortage; impact; travel
AB This paper describes a straightforward method for calculating an open-source Walkable Accessibility Score (WAS) that measures walkability at the block group scale based on walking distance to business establishments, schools, and parks. Exploratory analysis of the WAS reveals high concentrations of walkable accessibility in the centres of the densest and/or largest cities. Our optimised specification (decay = 0.008, upper = 800, k = 30) performs very well, achieving a Spearman rank correlation of 0.912 with proprietary Walk Score (R) values (for 2011). We provided pre-calculated data for each year from 1997 to 2019 and Python code for calculating the WAS at the project's GitHub repository. The method is particularly useful in that it uses simple Euclidean distance calculations, and thus can be run at scale on a laptop or personal computer.
C1 [Credit, Kevin] Maynooth Univ, Natl Ctr Geocomputat, 2-21 Iontas Bldg, Maynooth W23 F2H6, County Kildare, Ireland.
   [Farah, Irene] Univ Illinois, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Urbana, IL USA.
   [Talen, Emily; Anselin, Luc] Univ Chicago, Social Sci Div, Chicago, IL USA.
   [Ghomrawi, Hassan] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Heersink Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA.
C3 University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Chicago; University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Birmingham
RP Credit, K (通讯作者)，Maynooth Univ, Natl Ctr Geocomputat, 2-21 Iontas Bldg, Maynooth W23 F2H6, County Kildare, Ireland.
EM Kevin.Credit@mu.ie
FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [5R01AR078342-03]
CR Andersson F, 2018, REV ECON STAT, V100, P203, DOI 10.1162/REST_a_00707
   Beaulac J, 2009, PREV CHRONIC DIS, V6, P0
   Brown JA, 2023, ENVIRON BEHAV, V55, P468, DOI 10.1177/00139165231201611
   Cerin E, 2007, HEALTH PLACE, V13, P713, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.11.002
   Clampet-Lundquist S, 2008, AM J SOCIOL, V114, P107, DOI 10.1086/588740
   Data Axle, 2024, INFOUSA YOUR SOURCE, V0, P0
   de Nazelle A, 2011, ENVIRON INT, V37, P766, DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2011.02.003
   ESRI, 2021, ARCGIS OPEN DATA DIS, V0, P0
   Ewing R, 2001, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP87, DOI 10.3141/1780-10
   Fang CL, 2015, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V7, P15570, DOI 10.3390/su71115570
   Frank LD, 2021, J TRANSP HEALTH, V21, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2020.101005
   Frank LD, 2006, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V72, P75, DOI 10.1080/01944360608976725
   GreatSchoolsorg, 2025, K 12 DATA LICENSING, V0, P0
   Hagerstrand T, 1970, PAPERS REGIONAL SCI, V24, P7, DOI 10.1111/J.1435-5597.1970.TB01464.X
   Harvey C, 2022, WALKABLE STREETSCAPE, V0, P0
   Huang JX, 2022, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V226, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104469
   Isard W, 1960, METHODS REGIONAL ANA, V0, P0
   Jacobs J, 1961, DEATH LIFE GREAT AM, V0, P0
   Jarosz E, 2023, J AGING ENVIRON, V37, P460, DOI 10.1080/26892618.2022.2109792
   KAIN JF, 1968, Q J ECON, V82, P175, DOI 10.2307/1885893
   Kariuki JK, 2022, INT J BEHAV MED, V29, P371
   Kawabata M, 2003, ENVIRON PLANN A, V35, P1651, DOI 10.1068/a35209
   Ki D, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V240, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104873
   Kim H, 2019, J URBAN DES, V24, P538
   Koo BW, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V237, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104816
   Kwan MP, 2013, ANN ASSOC AM GEOGR, V103, P1078, DOI 10.1080/00045608.2013.792177
   Lee C, 2006, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V11, P204, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2006.02.003
   Lee J, 2018, URBAN STUD, V55, P2470, DOI 10.1177/0042098017730521
   Lerner MR, 2008, US PATENT, V0, Patent No. [US8892455B2, 8892455]
   Lindström M, 2008, PREV MED, V46, P22, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.07.012
   Lovasi GS, 2008, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V7, P0, DOI 10.1186/1476-072X-7-10
   Luo W, 2004, HEALTH PLACE, V10, P1, DOI 10.1016/S1353-8292(02)00067-9
   Luo W, 2009, HEALTH PLACE, V15, P1100, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2009.06.002
   Ma L, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V235, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104761
   Moreno C, 2021, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V4, P93, DOI 10.3390/smartcities4010006
   Ong PM, 2002, URBAN GEOGR, V23, P344, DOI 10.2747/0272-3638.23.4.344
   Pereira RHM, 2023, INTRO URBAN ACCESSIB, V0, P0
   Pfeiffer D, 2020, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V86, P171, DOI 10.1080/01944363.2020.1715824
   Pivo G, 2011, REAL ESTATE ECON, V39, P185, DOI 10.1111/j.1540-6229.2010.00296.x
   Rodrigue L, 2024, J TRANSP GEOGR, V114, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103788
   Ruggles S, 2021, IPUMS US VERSION 110, V0, P0
   Saxon J, 2020, PREPRINT, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.13140/RG.2.2.12396.28807
   Saxon J, 2020, ANN AM ASSOC GEOGR, V110, P205, DOI 10.1080/24694452.2019.1629870
   Shi LY, 2005, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V95, P674, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2003.031716
   Starfield B, 2005, MILBANK Q, V83, P457, DOI 10.1111/j.1468-0009.2005.00409.x
   Talen E, 2019, J URBAN DES, V24, P78, DOI 10.1080/13574809.2018.1436962
   Talen Emily, 2013, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE LAND USE URBAN PLANNING, V1, P42, DOI 10.24102/ijslup.v1i1.211
   Vale DS, 2017, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V44, P740, DOI 10.1177/0265813516641685
   Van Ham M, 2005, TIJDSCHR ECON SOC GE, V96, P63, DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9663.2005.00439.x
   Walk Score, 2011, WALK SCORE WALK SCOR, V0, P0
   Wan N, 2012, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V26, P1073, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2011.624987
   Wang FH, 2005, HEALTH PLACE, V11, P131, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2004.02.003
   Wang MH, 2024, CITIES, V153, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105243
   White MP, 2021, SCI REP-UK, V11, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-87675-0
   Wrigley N, 2002, URBAN STUD, V39, P2061, DOI 10.1080/0042098022000011362
   Zhou QH, 2022, INT REV SPAT PLAN SU, V10, P4, DOI 10.14246/irspsd.10.3_4
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 5
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD MAR 15
PY 2026
VL 53
IS 3
BP 494
EP 506
DI 10.1177/23998083251377116
EA SEP 2025
PG 13
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FS8YP
UT WOS:001569478500001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Guerreiro, MS
   Dinis, MAP
   Sucena, S
   Silva, I
   Pereira, M
   Ferreira, D
   Moreira, RS
AF Guerreiro, Maria Simas
   Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta
   Sucena, Sara
   Silva, Isabel
   Pereira, Madalena
   Ferreira, Diogo
   Moreira, Rui S.
TI The 15-Minute City in Porto, Portugal: Accessibility for the elderly
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE 15-Minute City; Crossings and curb ramps; Porto Historic Center (CHP); Elderly mobility and urban accessibility; OpenStreetMap; GIS spatial analysis
ID older-adults; people; falls; fear
AB The concept of the 15-Minute City aims to enhance urban accessibility by ensuring that essential services are within a short walking distance. This study evaluates the accessibility of Porto, Portugal, particularly for the elderly, by assessing urban density, permeability, and walkability, with a specific focus on crossings and ramps. A five-step methodology was employed, including spatial analysis using QGIS and Place Syntax Tool, proximity assessments, and an in-situ survey of crossings and ramps in the CHP. The results indicate that while the city of Porto offers a dense and walkable urban environment, significant accessibility challenges remain due to inadequate ramp distribution. The data collection identified 80 crossings, of which only 60 were listed in OpenStreetMap, highlighting data inconsistencies. Additionally, 18 crossings lacked curb ramps, posing mobility barriers for elderly residents. These findings highlight the need of infrastructure improvements to support inclusive urban mobility. The study also proposes an automated method to enhance ramp data collection for broader applications. Addressing these gaps is crucial for achieving the equity and sustainability goals of the 15-Minute City model, ensuring that aging populations can navigate urban spaces safely and efficiently.
C1 [Guerreiro, Maria Simas] Fernando Pessoa Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, RISE Hlth, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.
   [Guerreiro, Maria Simas; Sucena, Sara; Pereira, Madalena; Ferreira, Diogo; Moreira, Rui S.] Fernando Pessoa Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.
   [Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta] Fernando Pessoa Univ, Fernando Pessoa Res Innovat & Dev Inst, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.
   [Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta] Univ Coimbra, Marine & Environm Sci Ctr MARE, R Matemat 49, P-3004517 Coimbra, Portugal.
   [Sucena, Sara] Univ Porto, Ctr Estudos Arquitectura & Urbanismo, Fac Arquitectura, Via Panoram, P-4150564 Porto, Portugal.
   [Silva, Isabel] Fernando Pessoa Univ, Fac Human & Social Sci, RISE Hlth, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.
   [Silva, Isabel] Fernando Pessoa Univ, Fac Human & Social Sci, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.
   [Moreira, Rui S.] Fernando Pessoa Univ, Artificial Intelligence & Comp Sci Lab LIACC Pole, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.
C3 Universidade Fernando Pessoa; Universidade Fernando Pessoa; Universidade Fernando Pessoa; Universidade de Coimbra; Universidade do Porto; Universidade Fernando Pessoa; Universidade Fernando Pessoa; Universidade Fernando Pessoa
RP Guerreiro, MS (通讯作者)，Fernando Pessoa Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, RISE Hlth, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.; Guerreiro, MS (通讯作者)，Fernando Pessoa Univ, Fac Sci & Technol, Praca 9 Abril,349, P-4249004 Porto, Portugal.
EM mariajoao@ufp.edu.pt
FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [2022.09218.PTDC]; Fundacao Fernando Pessoa
CR Alves F, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13094869
   Alves F, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su12187360
   Asher L, 2012, AGE AGEING, V41, P690, DOI 10.1093/ageing/afs076
   Balletto G, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13020593
   Bartzokas-Tsiompras A, 2023, J MAPS, V19, P0, DOI 10.1080/17445647.2022.2141143
   Basbas S, 2023, KOMUN VED LISTY ZIL, V25, PA83, DOI 10.26552/com.c.2023.021
   Blackburn L, 2018, TECH. REP, V0, P0
   Buliung R, 2025, DISABIL SOC, V40, P1425, DOI 10.1080/09687599.2024.2385919
   Burton E, 2006, INCLUSIVE URBAN DESIGN: STREETS FOR LIFE, V0, P0
   Caselli B, 2022, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROCEDIA, V60, P346, DOI 10.1016/j.trpro.2021.12.045
   Caselli B, 2021, EUR TRANSP, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.48295/ET.2021.85.10
   Chalmers School of Architecture (SMoG), 2024, PST DOCUMENTATION: VERSION 3.3.1: TECH. REP., V0, P0
   Cisneros H, 2012, INDEPENDENT FOR LIFE: HOMES AND NEIGHBORHOODS FOR AN AGING AMERICA, V0, P0
   da Costa EM, 2012, ARCH PUBLIC HEALTH, V70, P0, DOI 10.1186/0778-7367-70-1
   De Vos J, 2023, TRANSPORT REV, V43, P303, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2022.2101072
   Delbaere K, 2004, AGE AGEING, V33, P368, DOI 10.1093/ageing/afh106
   Delbaere K, 2010, AGE AGEING, V39, P210, DOI 10.1093/ageing/afp225
   do Porto CM, 2023, TECH. REP. 2023-2025, V0, P0
   do Porto CM, 2023, PORTO-CIDADE AMIGA DAS PESSOAS IDOSAS: PLANO DE ACAO 2023- 2025., V0, P0
   Dumedah G, 2025, AFR GEOGR REV, V44, P70, DOI 10.1080/19376812.2024.2325085
   Fang DZ, 2025, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V104, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128593
   Gehl J, 2013, HOW TO STUDY PUBLIC LIFE, V0, P0
   GETIS A, 1992, GEOGR ANAL, V24, P189, DOI 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x
   Guida C, 2022, EUR TRANSP RES REV, V14, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12544-022-00544-3
   Guzman LA, 2024, CITIES, V148, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.104882
   Instituto Nacional de Estatistica, 2023, BASE GEOGRAFICA DE REFERENCIACAO DE INFORMACAO (BGRI)., V0, P0
   Katz P, 1994, THE NEW URBANISM: TOWARD AN ARCHITECTURE OF COMMUNITY, V0, P0
   Krier L, 2009, THE ARCHITECTURE OF COMMUNITY, V0, P0
   Li JW, 2022, FRONT PUBLIC HEALTH, V10, P0, DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2022.882361
   Liu XF, 2019, WATER-SUI, V11, P0, DOI 10.3390/w11112307
   Logan TM, 2022, CITIES, V131, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103924
   Martins BA, 2021, J APPL GERONTOL, V40, P609, DOI 10.1177/0733464820912663
   Merlo L, 2025, URBAN PLAN TRANSP RE, V13, P0, DOI 10.1080/21650020.2025.2456186
   Moita S, 2024, INT CONF SMART COMMU, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1109/SMARTNETS61466.2024.10577678
   Moreno C, 2021, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V4, P93, DOI 10.3390/smartcities4010006
   Murgante B, 2024, CITIES, V146, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104765
   New South Wales Government, 2025, MOVEMENT AND PLACE, V0, P0
   Noworól A, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14127103
   OECD, 2025, ELDERLY POPULATION (% OF PEOPLE AGED 65 YEARS AND OVER), V0, P0
   OpenStreetMap contributors, 2024, OPENSTREETMAP: THE FREE WIKI WORLD MAP, V0, P0
   Padeiro M, 2022, RES AGING, V44, P351, DOI 10.1177/0164027521999980
   Perez J, 2024, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V14817, P50, DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-65238-7_4
   QGIS Development Team, 2024, QGIS GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM, V0, P0
   Rantakokko M, 2009, J AM GERIATR SOC, V57, P634, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02180.x
   Rhoads D, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V100, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101936
   Rodrigue J-P, 2024, GEOGRAPHY TRANSPORT, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.4324/9781003343196
   Rosenberg DE, 2013, GERONTOLOGIST, V53, P268, DOI 10.1093/geront/gns119
   Sattler T, 2025, BMC GERIATR, V25, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12877-025-05718-x
   Shabtay R, 2023, ECAADE P, V0, P0
   Ståhl A, 2013, TRANSPORT POLICY, V27, P134, DOI 10.1016/j.tranpol.2012.11.015
   Teixeira JF, 2024, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V189, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2024.104234
   Tian PY, 2025, APPL SPAT ANAL POLIC, V18, P0, DOI 10.1007/s12061-025-09638-6
   Trpkovic A, 2017, PROMET-ZAGREB, V29, P175, DOI 10.7307/ptt.v29i2.2101
   UK Department for Transport, 2021, TECH. REP, V0, P0
   Ulloa-Leon F, 2023, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V6, P1043, DOI 10.3390/smartcities6020050
   UNHCR, 2025, UNHCR UNHCR EMERGENCY HANDBOOK-OLDER PERSONS, V0, P0
   Vizmpa C, 2023, LAND-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/land12122181
   Wei JM, 2024, APPL GEOGR, V173, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2024.103453
   Wennberg H, 2009, EUR J AGEING, V6, P277, DOI 10.1007/s10433-009-0123-y
   WHO, 2015, WHO WORLD REPORT ON AGEING AND HEALTH, V0, P0
   Willberg E, 2021, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi10020103
   World Water Assessment Programme (United Nations), 2015, UN-WATER, V0, P0
   Yamu C, 2015, ENVIRON PLANN B, V42, P1054, DOI 10.1068/b130171p
   Zhang SR, 2023, CITIES, V137, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104312
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD MAR 15
PY 2026
VL 170
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106655
EA NOV 2025
PG 10
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 9VV8V
UT WOS:001616253400005
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Sogbe, E
   Susilawati, S
   Loo, BPY
   Currie, G
   Tan, CP
   Teh, PL
   Vaithilingam, S
AF Sogbe, Eugene
   Susilawati, Susilawati
   Loo, Becky P. Y.
   Currie, Graham
   Tan, Chee Pin
   Teh, Pei-Lee
   Vaithilingam, Santha
TI Person-environment fit theory in urban walking: An evaluation of subjective influences and the mediating role of perceived security in Kuala Lumpur
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Walking; Sustainable mobility; Walkability; Pedestrian; Person-environment fit theory; Kuala Lumpur
ID built environments; physical-activity; porto-alegre; walkability; travel; design; transportation; index; safety; time
AB Walking is a fundamental urban mobility component, offering significant societal and environmental benefits. However, walkability research has primarily focused on physical infrastructure, with limited attention to subjective perceptions of environmental attributes, such as experienced convenience, comfort and security, particularly in non-Western contexts. This study applies the Person-Environment (PE) fit theory to examine how subjective environmental factors shape willingness to walk, with perceived security as a mediating variable. Drawing on survey data from urban residents in Kuala Lumpur, a city grappling with rapid urbanisation and automobile dependency, the study employs structural equation modelling to analyse relationships between experienced convenience, comfort, perceived security, and willingness to walk. Findings reveal that experienced comfort significantly enhances willingness to walk, with a standardised effect of (3 = 0.315. In contrast, experienced convenience did not show a significant direct effect. However, it has an indirect effect of (3 = 0.116 on willingness to walk through perceived security, suggesting that experienced convenience influences willingness to walk indirectly, by enhancing individuals' sense of security. Additionally, high-income individuals are less willing to walk ((3 =-0.106), likely due to greater mobility choices. These insights highlight the need for planning interventions integrating subjective user experiences with infrastructural improvements to foster more walkable and inclusive urban environments. The study offers localised yet transferable insights for cities facing similar socio-cultural and infrastructural challenges.
C1 [Sogbe, Eugene; Susilawati, Susilawati] Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
   [Sogbe, Eugene; Susilawati, Susilawati] Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch Engn, Monash Climate Resilient Infrastruct Res Hub M CRI, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
   [Loo, Becky P. Y.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Currie, Graham] Monash Univ, Inst Transport Studies ITS, Dept Civil Engn, Publ Transport Res Grp PTRG, Melbourne, Vic 3800, Australia.
   [Tan, Chee Pin] Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch Engn, Dept Robot & Mechatron Engn, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
   [Teh, Pei-Lee] Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch Business, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia.
   [Vaithilingam, Santha] Sunway Univ, Inst Global Strategy & Competitiveness, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul, Malaysia.
C3 Monash University; Monash University Malaysia; Monash University; Monash University Malaysia; University of Hong Kong; Monash University; Monash University; Monash University Malaysia; Monash University; Monash University Malaysia; Sunway University
RP Susilawati, S (通讯作者)，Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
EM eugene.sogbe@monash.edu; susilawati@monash.edu; bpyloo@hku.hk; graham.currie@monash.edu; tan.chee.pin@monash.edu; Teh.Pei.Lee@monash.edu; santhaav@sunway.edu
FU Sunway Bhd under the Scientific and technological approach to assess the impact of elevated canopy walkway [MRD-000006, 2600006-113-00]
CR Adams MA, 2014, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1476-072X-13-43
   Adkins A, 2012, J URBAN DES, V17, P499, DOI 10.1080/13574809.2012.706365
   Arellana J, 2020, TRANSPORT REV, V40, P183, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2019.1703842
   Basu N, 2022, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V87, P203, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2022.03.006
   BENTLER PM, 1980, PSYCHOL BULL, V88, P588, DOI 10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238
   Bollen KA, 1989, STRUCTURAL EQUATIONS WITH LATENT VARIABLES, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1002/9781118619179
   Bornioli A, 2019, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V123, P200, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2018.12.006
   Boulange C, 2018, J TRANSP GEOGR, V69, P129, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.04.017
   Buehler R, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su15075719
   Byrne B, 2010, INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK OF PSYCHOLOGY IN EDUCATION, V0, P3
   CAPLAN RD, 1987, J VOCAT BEHAV, V31, P248, DOI 10.1016/0001-8791(87)90042-X
   Cerin E, 2017, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V14, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-017-0471-5
   Cervero R, 1997, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V2, P199, DOI 10.1016/S1361-9209(97)00009-6
   De Vos J, 2023, TRANSPORT REV, V43, P303, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2022.2101072
   Distefano N, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su15075684
   Eboli L, 2018, PUBLIC TRANSPORT, V10, P107, DOI 10.1007/s12469-017-0168-9
   Edwards JR, 1998, THEORIES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRESS, V0, P28
   Ewing R, 2009, J URBAN DES, V14, P65, DOI 10.1080/13574800802451155
   Ferreira MC, 2022, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V91, P136, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2022.10.004
   FORNELL C, 1981, J MARKETING RES, V18, P382, DOI 10.1038/srep42717
   Forsyth Ann, 2010, BUILD ENVIRON, V36, P429, DOI 10.2148/BENV.36.4.429
   Gärling T, 2003, TRANSPORTATION, V30, P1, DOI 10.1023/A:1021230223001
   Gebel K, 2009, ANN BEHAV MED, V37, P228, DOI 10.1007/s12160-009-9098-3
   Gehl Jan, 2011, LIFE BUILDINGS USING, V0, P0
   Guzman LA, 2022, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V111, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2022.103462
   Guzman LA, 2020, J TRANSP GEOGR, V88, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102844
   Habibian M, 2018, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V42, P216, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2018.07.005
   Hickman R, 2013, J TRANSP GEOGR, V33, P210, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2013.07.004
   Hu LT, 1999, STRUCT EQU MODELING, V6, P1, DOI 10.1080/10705519909540118
   Huang RZ, 2019, J TRANSP HEALTH, V12, P142, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2018.12.002
   Kahana E, 2003, ENVIRON BEHAV, V35, P434, DOI 10.1177/0013916503035003007
   Kim S, 2014, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V30, P10, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2014.05.005
   Kim Y, 2025, ROAD TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION AND CONTROL, V27, P0
   Kline RB, 2016, PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING, V4th, P0
   Koh M, 2022, THE PALGRAVE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF URBAN AND REGIONAL FUTURES, V0, P0
   Koohsari MJ, 2014, PREV MED, V66, P118, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.06.019
   Kristof AL, 1996, PERS PSYCHOL, V49, P1, DOI 10.1111/j.1744-6570.1996.tb01790.x
   Lam WWY, 2020, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V19, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12942-020-00238-w
   Larranaga AM, 2019, TRANSPORTATION, V46, P2347, DOI 10.1007/s11116-018-9944-x
   Larrañaga AM, 2016, INT J SUSTAIN TRANSP, V10, P332, DOI 10.1080/15568318.2014.933986
   Lee H, 2019, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V11, P0, DOI 10.3390/su11174645
   Lewin K, 1936, PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE, V0, P3
   Lo RH, 2009, J URBANISM INT RES P, V2, P145, DOI 10.1080/17549170903092867
   Loo BPY, 2024, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V90, P742, DOI 10.1080/01944363.2024.2310613
   Loo BPY, 2021, J TRANSP GEOGR, V93, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103078
   Loo BPY, 2012, ENVIRON PLANN B, V39, P629, DOI 10.1068/b36146
   Loukaitou-Sideris A, 2009, URBAN AFF REV, V44, P554, DOI 10.1177/1078087408322874
   Lovasi GS, 2011, J URBAN HEALTH, V88, P1143, DOI 10.1007/s11524-011-9604-3
   Maccarthy D, 2023, THE EMPATHIC CITY: AN URBAN HEALTH AND WELLBEING PERSPECTIVE, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-32840-4_2
   Mao ZD, 2022, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V112, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2022.103467
   Marticotte F, 2017, J BUS RES, V77, P175, DOI 10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.12.010
   McDonald NC, 2011, AM J PREV MED, V41, P146, DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.04.006
   Mehta V, 2008, JOURNAL OF URBANISM: INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH ON PLACEMAKING AND URBAN SUSTAINABILITY, V1, P217, DOI 10.1080/17549170802529480
   Mocnik S, 2022, J TRANSP HEALTH, V26, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2022.101386
   Moran MR, 2017, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph14060607
   Murray HA, 1938, EXPLOR PERS, V0, P0
   Nunnally JC, 1978, PSYCHOMETRIC THEORY, V2nd, P0
   Oyama Y, 2024, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V185, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2024.104119
   Plaut PO, 2005, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V10, P347, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2005.04.002
   Saelens BE, 2003, ANN BEHAV MED, V25, P80, DOI 10.1207/S15324796ABM2502_03
   Sallis JF, 2012, CIRCULATION, V125, P729, DOI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.969022
   Salvo D, 2021, J PHYS ACT HEALTH, V18, P1163, DOI 10.1123/jpah.2021-0413
   Shamsuddin S, 2012, PROCD SOC BEHV, V50, P167, DOI 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.025
   Suarez-Balcazar Y, 2020, HEALTH EDUC BEHAV, V47, P430, DOI 10.1177/1090198120903256
   Talen Emily, 2013, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE LAND USE URBAN PLANNING, V1, P42, DOI 10.24102/ijslup.v1i1.211
   Toronto City, 2024, PATH-TORONTOS DOWNTOWN PEDESTRIAN WALKWAY, V0, P0
   Van Cauwenberg J, 2012, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V9, P0, DOI 10.1186/1479-5868-9-85
   van Kamp I, 2003, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V65, P7
   Vargo J, 2012, J PHYS ACT HEALTH, V9, P689, DOI 10.1123/jpah.9.5.689
   Yang LC, 2021, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi10090596
NR 70
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 15
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD FEB 15
PY 2026
VL 169
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106551
EA OCT 2025
PG 11
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 8TI8X
UT WOS:001596861800001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Tavakoli, N
   Rafieian, M
   Amirjani, R
   Shahinrad, M
AF Tavakoli, Neshat
   Rafieian, Mojtaba
   Amirjani, Rahmatollah
   Shahinrad, Mahnoush
TI Women's recreational walking preferences in urban streets: A structural equation modeling approach
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Women's walking preferences; Sustainable mobility; Perceptual-visual factors; Built environment; Sociocultural factors; Socio-political context; SEM; Tehran
ID built environment; space syntax; gender-differences; transport; mobility; movement; safety
AB Women's walkability in urban spaces is increasingly recognized as vital to urban livability and social sustainability, ensuring equitable access to public space and fostering everyday interaction. Despite growing attention to walking behaviors, few studies comprehensively examine how perceptual-visual, sociocultural, and built environment factors shape women's walking preferences, especially in contexts with strong traditions and patriarchal norms. Drawing on feminist geography and mobility justice, this study frames women's walking as embedded in spatial politics and gendered power relations. To explore this, a survey was conducted with 250 women along three main streets radiating from Tajrish Square, a politically and culturally significant urban node in Tehran. This contested space, marked by gender visibility and civic symbolism, offers a rich setting to investigate the interplay of urban form, visual perception, and sociocultural dynamics. Data were collected via standardized questionnaires and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling to assess relationships among latent constructs. Space Syntax analysis further evaluated street network configuration and connectivity, clarifying how urban form affects movement and accessibility. Findings reveal perceptual-visual factors had the strongest direct impact on walking preferences ((3 = 0.354), followed by sociocultural ((3 = 0.328) and built environment factors ((3 = 0.243). Indirect effects via sociocultural mediation were similar for perceptual-visual ((3 = 0.158) and built environment factors ((3 = 0.156). The total effect of perceptual-visual ((3 = 0.513) and built environment factors ((3 = 0.399) underscores the mediating role of sociocultural variables. Overall, the study highlights women's walking as both a sustainable mobility practice and a socio-political act, deeply rooted in the spatial and symbolic fabric of the city.
C1 [Tavakoli, Neshat; Rafieian, Mojtaba] Tarbiat Modares Univ, Fac Art & Architecture, Tehran, Iran.
   [Amirjani, Rahmatollah] Univ Canberra, Fac Arts & Design, Canberra, Australia.
   [Shahinrad, Mahnoush] Kharazmi Univ, Fac Art & Architecture, Tehran, Iran.
C3 Tarbiat Modares University; University of Canberra; Kharazmi University
RP Amirjani, R (通讯作者)，Univ Canberra, Fac Arts & Design, Canberra, Australia.
EM neshat_tavakoli@modares.ac.ir; Rafiei_m@modares.ac.ir; Rom.Amirjani@canberra.edu.au; m.shahinrad@khu.ac.ir
FU University, Tehran, Iran
CR Akyelken N, 2020, TRANSPORT REV, V40, P687, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2020.1799162
   Allocated L, 2013, UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME, V0, P0
   Amirjani R, 2025, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V121, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2025.106155
   Anciaes PR, 2018, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V52, P222, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2017.11.025
   Annunziata A, 2020, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V12255, P422, DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-58820-5_32
   Arellana J, 2020, TRANSPORT REV, V40, P183, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2019.1703842
   Arjmand R, 2016, PUBLIC URBAN SPACE, V0, P0, DOI 10.4324/9781315603025
   Askarizad R, 2025, CITIES, V158, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105651
   Askarizad R, 2024, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi13070227
   Atwood B, 2016, FILM CULTU, V0, P197
   Bafna S, 2003, ENVIRON BEHAV, V35, P17, DOI 10.1177/0013916502238863
   Banani A, 1961, THE MODERNIZATION OF IRAN, V0, P0
   Baobeid A, 2021, FRONT BUILT ENVIRON, V7, P0, DOI 10.3389/fbuil.2021.721218
   Basu N, 2023, CITIES, V143, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104551
   Bayat A, 2013, LIFE POLITICS ORDINA, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1515/9780804786331
   Beebeejaun Y, 2017, J URBAN AFF, V39, P323, DOI 10.1080/07352166.2016.1255526
   Benny N, 2024, J CONTEMP URBAN AFF, V8, P557, DOI 10.25034/ijcua.2024.v8n2-16
   Bidar M, 2022, CITIES, V126, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103673
   Boeing G, 2018, URBAN DES INT, V23, P281, DOI 10.1057/s41289-018-0072-1
   Bozovic T, 2020, TRAVEL BEHAV SOC, V20, P181, DOI 10.1016/j.tbs.2020.03.010
   Charbgoo N, 2020, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V47, P1098, DOI 10.1177/2399808318821118
   Chen LM, 2025, AIMS PUBLIC HEALTH, V12, P185, DOI 10.3934/publichealth.2025012
   Christiansen LB, 2024, EUR J PUBLIC HEALTH, V34, P0, DOI 10.1093/eurpub/ckae114.107
   Clark AF, 2016, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph13020179
   Cohen DA, 2021, WOMEN HEALTH ISS, V31, P236, DOI 10.1016/j.whi.2020.11.007
   CRENSHAW K, 1993, STANFORD LAW REVIEW VOL 43, V0, P0
   Crenshaw K, 1989, FEMINISM AND POLITICS, V140, P139, DOI 10.4324/97813150515362TYPECHAPTERPDF
   Elsawy AA, 2019, ALEX ENG J, V58, P745, DOI 10.1016/j.aej.2019.06.005
   Elzeni MM, 2022, CITIES, V129, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103840
   Ernawati J, 2018, IOP C SER EARTH ENV, V126, P0, DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/126/1/012206
   Ewing R, 2009, J URBAN DES, V14, P65, DOI 10.1080/13574800802451155
   Fancello G, 2020, SOCIO-ECON PLAN SCI, V72, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.seps.2020.100923
   Fang CY, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su141811636
   Fenster T, 2006, NEGOTIATING URBAN CO, V0, P113
   Martinez CAF, 2022, QUAL INQ, V28, P209, DOI 10.1177/10778004211042351
   Fezzai S, 2025, URBAN SCI, V9, P0, DOI 10.3390/urbansci9040103
   Foucault M, 2008, RACE/ETHNICITY: MULTIDISCIPLINARY GLOBAL CONTEXTS, V0, P1
   Franek M, 2021, LAND-BASEL, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/land10050459
   Fraser N, 2021, PUBLIC SPACE READER, V0, P34
   Gao J, 2019, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V77, P243, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2019.11.006
   Gao WX, 2022, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V87, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2022.104142
   Gehl J, 2011, LIFE BETWEEN BUILDINGS: USING PUBLIC SPACE, V0, P0
   Ghani F, 2019, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V16, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph16111980
   Giddens A, 1984, THE CONSTITUTION OF SOCIETY: OUTLINE OF THE THEORY OF STRUCTURATION, V0, P0
   Goulias K G, 2020, MAPPING TRAVEL BEHAV, V0, PP1, DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-817340-4.00001-2
   Grigor T, 2009, BUILDING IRAN: MODERNISM, V0, P0
   Guo H, 2025, DATA-DRIVEN FACILITY LAYOUT FOR ENHANCING WALK APPEAL IN WALKABLE NEIGHBORHOODS, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.2139/ssrn.5356595
   Guo HG, 2024, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V24, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12889-024-19539-x
   Guzman LA, 2022, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V111, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2022.103462
   Haile C, 2012, ARTICLE MAKING PLAN FOR BETTER URBAN FUTURES, V0, P0
   Hamedanian F, 2022, FRONT SOCIOL, V7, P0, DOI 10.3389/fsoc.2022.790905
   Hamidi S, 2019, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V11, P0, DOI 10.3390/su11102720
   Hanson S, 1993, ADV PSYCHOL, V96, P249, DOI 10.1016/S0166-4115(08)60046-1
   Hanson S, 2010, GENDER PLACE CULT, V17, P5, DOI 10.1080/09663690903498225
   Harris K, 2017, SOCIAL REVOLUTION: POLITICS AND THE WELFARE STATE IN IRAN, V0, P1
   Hatamzadeh Y, 2020, INT J SUSTAIN TRANSP, V14, P389, DOI 10.1080/15568318.2019.1570404
   Hatamzadeh Y, 2017, J TRANSP HEALTH, V5, P42, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2016.08.011
   Haxhija S, 2024, RES TRANSP BUS MANAG, V56, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.rtbm.2024.101192
   Held V, 2005, THE ETHICS OF CARE: PERSONAL, V0, PPOLITICAL
   Herrmann-Lunecke MG, 2021, TRAVEL BEHAV SOC, V23, P192, DOI 10.1016/j.tbs.2021.01.002
   Hidayati I, 2020, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V73, P155, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2020.06.014
   HILLIER B, 1993, ENVIRON PLANN B, V20, P29, DOI 10.1068/b200029
   Hillier B, 1984, THE SOCIAL LOGIC OF SPACE, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511597237
   Hillier B, 2007, SPACE SYNTAX, V0, P0
   Hiselius LW, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su151411280
   Hofstede G, 2001, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CROSS CULTURAL MANAGEMENT, V1, P11, DOI 10.1177/147059580111002
   Hortelano AO, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13126796
   Hosseini A, 2022, ENVIRON DEV SUSTAIN, V24, P6527, DOI 10.1007/s10668-021-01715-3
   Hsieh HS, 2025, INT J SUSTAIN TRANSP, V19, P227, DOI 10.1080/15568318.2025.2462161
   Hu H, 2018, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V59, P361, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2018.01.013
   Hu M, 2018, URBAN SCI, V2, P0, DOI 10.3390/urbansci2020034
   Huang XR, 2022, BUILDINGS-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/buildings12081191
   Jackson E, 2022, HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE, V23, P44S, DOI 10.1177/15248399221112868
   Jacobs JA, 1970, GEOMAGNETIC MICROPULSATIONS, V0, PP15, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-86828-3_2
   Jafari E, 2021, PLAN PERSPECT, V36, P451, DOI 10.1080/02665433.2020.1789500
   Jin L, 2022, FRONT PUBLIC HEALTH, V10, P0, DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2022.880251
   Karimi P, 2024, WOMEN, V0, P0, DOI 10.11116/9789461665638
   Karimi P, 2022, ALTERNATIVE IRAN: CONTEMPORARY ART AND CRITICAL SPATIAL PRACTICE, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.4000/abstractairanica.56525
   Karimi Pamela, 2013, DOMESTICITY AND CONSUMER CULTURE IN IRAN: INTERIOR REVOLUTIONS OF THE MODERN ERA, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.4324/9780203072905
   Karjalainen LE, 2023, TRANSPORTATION, V50, P107, DOI 10.1007/s11116-021-10239-8
   Kern L, 2020, FEMINIST CITY: CLAIMING SPACE IN A MAN-MADE WORLD, V0, P0
   Khaliji M, 2024, JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND INNOVATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY, V1, P36, DOI 10.14456/JRIS.2024.3
   Khaliji MA, 2024, DISCOV ENVIRON, V2, P0, DOI 10.1007/s44274-024-00116-3
   Kheirabadi M, 2000, IRANIAN CITIES: FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT, V0, P0
   Khosravi H, 2016, TEHRAN : LIFE WITHIN WALLS. A CITY, V0, P0
   Kline RB, 2023, PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING, V0, P0
   Koohsari MJ, 2016, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-016-0448-9
   Koskela H, 1999, GEOGR. ANN, V81 B, P111, DOI 10.1111/J.0435-3684.1999.00052.X
   Kuzuoglu Sina, 2024, INT J ENVIRON RES PUBLIC HEALTH, V21, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph21111519
   Laszkiewicz E, 2025, CITIES, V158, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105704
   Laszkiewicz E, 2020, LAND-BASEL, V9, P0, DOI 10.3390/land9060183
   Lerman Y, 2014, GEOGR ANAL, V46, P392, DOI 10.1111/gean.12063
   Lin T, 2024, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V187, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2024.104175
   Lindelöw D, 2017, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V50, P520, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2016.11.021
   Lizarraga C, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14031880
   Lynch K, 2015, THE CITY READER, V0, PP620, DOI 10.4324/9781315748504-78
   Lynch K, 2023, ANTHOLOGIE ZUM STADTEBAU. BAND III: VOM WIEDERAUFBAU NACH DEM ZWEITEN WELTKRIEG BIS ZUR ZEITGENOSSISCHEN STADT, VIII, P0
   Lynch K, 1960, THE IMAGE OF THE CITY/LYNCH KEVIN, V0, P0
   Macedo M, 2022, PLOS ONE, V17, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0260874
   Madanipour A, 1998, WORLD CITIES SERIES, V0, P0
   Madanipour A, 2011, THE CITY READER, V5th, P186, DOI 10.4324/9781315748504-37
   Männistö-Funk T, 2021, URBAN HIST, V48, P227, DOI 10.1017/S0963926819000981
   Mazumdar S, 2018, ENVIRON BEHAV, V50, P119, DOI 10.1177/0013916516687343
   Mcallister MJ, 2025, J EXP BIOL, V228, P0, DOI 10.1242/jeb.248125
   Mepparambath RM, 2024, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V103, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105259
   Mertens L, 2019, HEALTH PLACE, V55, P120, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.12.001
   Moghadam SM, 2019, HABITAT INT, V92, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.habitatint.2019.102047
   Mondal A, 2021, INT J SUSTAIN TRANSP, V15, P419, DOI 10.1080/15568318.2020.1754535
   Morris S, 2019, SOC SCI MED, V238, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112489
   Mowri S, 2023, GEOFORUM, V144, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103802
   Mukwidigwi T, 2025, GENDER PLACE CULT, V32, P439, DOI 10.1080/0966369X.2024.2369302
   Nagammal J, 2020, SOLID STATE TECHNOL, V63, P841
   Navarrete-Hernandez P, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V237, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104809
   Newman O, 1972, DEFENSIBLE SPACE: CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH URBAN DESIGN, V0, P0
   Panahi N, 2026, CITIES, V168, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106467
   Paydar M, 2021, SOC SCI-BASEL, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/socsci10120479
   Paydar M, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su122410291
   Penn A, 2003, ENVIRON BEHAV, V35, P30, DOI 10.1177/0013916502238864
   Pereira RHM, 2017, TRANSPORT REV, V37, P170, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2016.1257660
   Pollard TM, 2017, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V17, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12889-017-4253-4
   Pourhashem G, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su141610426
   Prati G, 2018, J TRANSP GEOGR, V66, P369, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.11.003
   Qiao S, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V240, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104879
   Rejeb A, 2025, URBAN DES INT, V30, P228, DOI 10.1057/s41289-025-00283-6
   Relph E, 1976, PLACE AND PLACELESSNESS, V0, P0
   Rhodes RE, 2018, SPORTS MED, V48, P1893, DOI 10.1007/s40279-018-0934-0
   Risová K, 2021, J TRANSP GEOGR, V91, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.102970
   Rod JE, 2023, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V116, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2022.103590
   Rodrigue L, 2024, J TRANSP GEOGR, V114, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2023.103788
   Rodrigue L, 2022, J TRANSP LAND USE, V15, P709, DOI 10.5198/jtlu.2022.2234
   Roy S, 2025, MOBILITIES-UK, V20, P125, DOI 10.1080/17450101.2024.2389843
   Sadeghi AR, 2022, CITIES, V126, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103694
   Scarponi L, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su152115636
   Sevtsuk A, 2024, CITIES, V149, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.104927
   Shahrokni N, 2019, WOMEN IN PLACE: THE POLITICS OF GENDER SEGREGATION IN IRAN, V0, P0
   Shaw C, 2020, J TRANSP HEALTH, V18, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100871
   Sheller M, 2018, TEMPO SOC, V30, P17, DOI 10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2018.142763
   Silavi T, 2017, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V6, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi6040101
   Singhai A, 2021, TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS BULLETIN FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC, V91, P58
   Souza ACS, 2018, TRANSP RES PROC, V33, P131, DOI 10.1016/j.trpro.2018.10.085
   Sun GB, 2014, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1476-072X-13-28
   Tizchang M, 2025, SN SOCIAL SCIENCES, V5, P0, DOI 10.1007/s43545-025-01182-x
   Tuan Y-F, 1977, SPACE AND PLACE: THE PERSPECTIVE OF EXPERIENCE, V0, P0
   Useche SA, 2024, PLOS ONE, V19, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0296830
   Verlinghieri E, 2020, J TRANSP GEOGR, V87, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2020.102798
   Wang KL, 2019, J TRANSP GEOGR, V76, P1, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.02.003
   Whitney RA, 2023, J PLAN EDUC RES, V43, P783, DOI 10.1177/0739456X20904428
   Wong MYC, 2024, BMJ OPEN, V14, P0, DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-088315
   Xu LY, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su151713211
   Yadav A, 2024, CITIES, V147, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.104845
   Yang YJ, 2022, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V110, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2022.103405
   Yu CM, 2024, LAND-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/land13122101
   Zaleckis K, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14042033
   Zhang SN, 2021, COMMUN NONLINEAR SCI, V95, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cnsns.2020.105624
   Zuniga-Teran AA, 2017, FRONT ARCHIT RES, V6, P63, DOI 10.1016/j.foar.2016.11.005
   Zurawik Marta Anna, 2020, HUMAN MOVEMENT, V21, P1, DOI 10.5114/hm.2020.89908
   Zysk E, 2024, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V16, P0, DOI 10.3390/su162210075
NR 157
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 21
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD APR 15
PY 2026
VL 171
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106721
EA DEC 2025
PG 28
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA AH6RH
UT WOS:001648360900001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Naseri, H
   Ciari, F
   Patwary, AUZ
   Cloutier, MS
AF Naseri, Hamed
   Ciari, Francesco
   Patwary, Ashraf Uz Zaman
   Cloutier, Marie-Soleil
TI Satisfaction in pedestrianized areas: What shapes positive and negative experiences?
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrianization; Active transit; Clustering; Ensemble learning; Satisfaction
ID behavior; cyclists; politics; safety; city
AB One of the approaches to improve the livability, safety, and accessibility of cities and to make neighborhoods livable places for all their residents is implementing car-free projects. Although pedestrianization provides many benefits, public resistance is sometimes directed against these projects. Based on a database of 95 variables collected through an online survey with over 1300 respondents in Montreal, Canada, this study aims to explore differences in how people experience pedestrianization and to investigate the factors shaping these perceptions. Cluster analysis is used to identify groups with varying levels of satisfaction with pedestrianization. The key differences between these groups center on attitudes toward the cohabitation of pedestrians and two-wheeler users and the opinion on the impact of pedestrianization on individuals' mobility and travel patterns. The less satisfied group with pedestrianization includes a lower percentage of females, a higher percentage of people with limitations using public and active transportation, and a higher proportion of older people. Since cyclist-pedestrian cohabitation is the variable with the highest difference between clusters, this variable is analyzed using an interpretable ensemble learning approach to better understand people's position on pedestrianization. The results suggest that having experience in cycling, a higher frequency of cycling, an agreement that pedestrians should share the car-free streets with cyclists, and a better perception of safety on car-free streets increase the satisfaction related to the cyclists-pedestrians cohabitation.
C1 [Naseri, Hamed; Ciari, Francesco; Patwary, Ashraf Uz Zaman] Polytech Montreal, Dept Civil Geol & Min Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
   [Cloutier, Marie-Soleil] Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Urbanisat Culture Soc, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
C3 Universite de Montreal; Polytechnique Montreal; University of Quebec; Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS)
RP Naseri, H (通讯作者)，Polytech Montreal, Dept Civil Geol & Min Engn, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
EM hamed.naseri@polymtl.ca
FU City of Montreal; Mitacs [IT36448]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [ALLRP 577172-2022]
CR Albrecher R, 2023, CYCLING AND WALKING AS MEANS OF TRANSPORT-CURRENT REVIEW OF THE RESEARCH, V0, P0
   Allirani H, 2024, CITIES, V145, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104688
   Baillargeon S, 2022, UNE PIETONNISATION POSITIVE POUR LES ARTERES COMMERCIALES DE MONTREAL | LE DEVOIR, V0, P0
   Barry J, 2008, NEW POLIT ECON, V13, P491, DOI 10.1080/13563460802436673
   Beckmann J, 2001, ENVIRON PLANN D, V19, P593, DOI 10.1068/d222t
   Bilodeau M, 2020, CLOSING THE STREETS TO CARS: BAD FOR BUSINESS?, V0, P0
   Bishop CM, 2006, PATTERN RECOGNITION AND MACHINE LEARNING, V4, P0
   Boveldt Gte, 2022, SSRN ELECTRONIC JOURNAL, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.2139/ssrn.4271195
   Chaturvedi BK, 2022, ENERGY SUSTAIN DEV, V66, P189, DOI 10.1016/j.esd.2021.12.006
   Che M, 2021, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V153, P52, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2021.08.017
   Cloutier MS, 2022, J TRANSP HEALTH, V25, P0
   Cresswell T, 2010, ENVIRON PLANN D, V28, P17, DOI 10.1068/d11407
   Dolnicar S, 2002, JOURNAL OF TRAVEL & TOURISM MARKETING, V12, P1, DOI 10.1300/J073v12n01_01
   Dong YN, 2022, J TRANSP HEALTH, V25, P0
   Environment and Climate Change Canada, 2023, NATIONAL INVENTORY REPORT 1990-2021: GREENHOUSE GAS SOURCES AND SINKS IN CANADA, V0, P0
   Ferreira MC, 2022, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V91, P136, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2022.10.004
   FISHER RJ, 1993, J CONSUM RES, V20, P303, DOI 10.1086/209351
   Friedman A, 2021, FUNDAMENTALS OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN DESIGN, V0, PP181, DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-60865-1_19
   Gartman D, 2004, THEOR CULT SOC, V21, P169, DOI 10.1177/0263276404046066
   Ge TY, 2023, LAND-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/land12061183
   Ghavami S, 2025, INFRASTRUCTURES-BASE, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/infrastructures10070166
   Gkekas F, 2020, TRANSP RES INTERDISC, V4, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trip.2020.100094
   Hagen OH, 2021, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V97, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2021.102944
   Hass-Klau C, 1993, TRANSPORT POLICY, V1, P21, DOI 10.1016/0967-070X(93)90004-7
   Hatfield J, 2016, TRANSPORT RES F-TRAF, V40, P35, DOI 10.1016/j.trf.2016.04.005
   Jamal A, 2021, INT J INJ CONTROL SA, V28, P408, DOI 10.32628/ijsrst2183212
   Javid AAS, 2021, IJST-T CIV ENG, V45, P913, DOI 10.1007/s40996-020-00352-6
   Kariuki-Cobbett J, 2023, THE ENVIRONMENTAL, V0, P0, DOI 10.7488/era/3386
   Kim K, 2021, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2675, P670, DOI 10.1177/03611981211000750
   Kırmızı M, 2023, ITU PRESS PRESS OF THE ISTANBUL TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.58278/0.2023.26
   Lamarche A-A, 2024, MEMOIRE DE MAITRISE, V0, P0
   Lundberg ScottM, 2017, P 31 INT C NEURAL IN, V0, PP4768, DOI 10 . 48550 / arxiv . 1705 . 07874
   Marcheschi E, 2022, TRANSP RES INTERDISC, V14, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trip.2022.100585
   Marincek D, 2023, NO TITLE CAPTURED, V3, P0, DOI [10.16997/ats.1170, 10.16997/ats.1170, DOI 10.16997/ATS.1170]
   Melia S, 2018, P I CIVIL ENG-TRANSP, V171, P30, DOI 10.1680/jtran.16.00104
   Naseri H, 2025, CITIES, V165, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106178
   Naseri H, 2025, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V141, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2025.104660
   Naseri H, 2025, TRANSPORT PLAN TECHN, V48, P582, DOI 10.1080/03081060.2024.2411611
   Naseri H, 2026, TRANSPORTATION, V53, P1141, DOI 10.1007/s11116-024-10525-1
   Naseri H, 2024, TRANSPORT POLICY, V155, P15, DOI 10.1016/j.tranpol.2024.06.013
   Naseri H, 2024, CASE STUD CONSTR MAT, V20, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cscm.2024.e03037
   Naseri H, 2023, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2677, P704, DOI 10.1177/03611981231169533
   Naseri H, 2023, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2677, P246, DOI 10.1177/03611981231161051
   Naseri H, 2025, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V492, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.143126
   Naseri H, 2025, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V17, P0, DOI 10.3390/su17177577
   Naseri H, 2025, J TRANSP HEALTH, V44, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2025.102123
   Özdemir D, 2017, CITIES, V65, P10, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2017.02.008
   Parajuli A, 2018, J URBAN DES, V23, P142, DOI 10.1080/13574809.2017.1369875
   PUNJ G, 1983, J MARKETING RES, V20, P134, DOI 10.2307/3151680
   Ritchie H, 2022, CO2 GREENHOUSE GAS E, V0, P0
   Roudsari HK, 2018, JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC RESEARCH FOR MULTIDISCIPLINARY IMPACT FACTOR, V3, P2320
   Sanders RL, 2015, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V75, P26, DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2014.11.004
   Semple T, 2023, INT J TRANSP SCI TEC, V12, P103, DOI 10.1016/j.ijtst.2021.12.001
   Shahapure KR, 2020, PR INT CONF DATA SC, V0, PP747, DOI 10.1109/DSAA49011.2020.00096
   Shi N, 2010, 2010 THIRD INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INTELLIGENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SECURITY INFORMATICS (IITSI 2010), V0, PP63, DOI 10.1109/IITSI.2010.74
   Shutaywi M, 2021, ENTROPY-SWITZ, V23, P0, DOI 10.3390/e23060759
   Soni N, 2016, LAND USE POLICY, V57, P139, DOI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.05.009
   Stappers NEH, 2018, HEALTH PLACE, V53, P135, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.08.002
   Svensson A, 2007, 3 URB STREET S, V0, P1
   Tambunan Handrea Bernando, 2020, 2020 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGY AND POLICY IN ENERGY AND ELECTRIC POWER (ICT-PEP), V0, PP258, DOI 10.1109/ICT-PEP50916.2020.9249773
   Torres J, 2020, CHILD GEOGR, V18, P477, DOI 10.1080/14733285.2019.1685075
   Tuan NS, 2020, CONSTR BUILD MATER, V260, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119757
   Urry J, 2004, THEOR CULT SOC, V21, P25, DOI 10.1177/0263276404046059
   Walk Score, 2025, DATASET, V0, P0
   Wang BB, 2023, ENVIRON SCI POLICY, V147, P29, DOI 10.1016/j.envsci.2023.05.015
   Wang Yan, 2019, INT J DATABASE MANAG, V11, P01, DOI 10.5121/ijdms.2019.11101
   Waygood O, 2022, COHABITATION CYCLISTES-PIETONS SUR LES RUES PIETONNES: PROJET-PILOTE SUR LAVENUE DU MONT-ROYAL ET LA RUE WELLINGTON, V0, P0
   Yassin HH, 2019, ALEX ENG J, V58, P251, DOI 10.1016/j.aej.2019.02.005
   Yoshimura Y, 2022, CITIES, V120, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2021.103468
NR 69
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 7
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JAN 15
PY 2026
VL 168
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106511
EA SEP 2025
PG 11
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 8MS7W
UT WOS:001592354000001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Song, QW
   Tian, SY
   Zheng, LW
   Zheng, YX
   Qiu, L
   Huang, B
   Van Ameijde, J
AF Song, Qiwei
   Tian, Siyu
   Zheng, Lingwei
   Zheng, Yuxuan
   Qiu, Lin
   Huang, Bo
   Van Ameijde, Jeroen
TI Beyond sentiment: Using large language models to decode multidimensional urban park perceptions for enhanced equality
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Landscape perception; Walking accessibility; Natural Language Processing (NLP); Large Language Model (LLM); Social equality; Environmental justice; Social media data; Machine learning
ID physical-activity; green space; accessibility; availability; landscape; access
AB Understanding how people value urban parks is vital for designing liveable and equitable cities, yet the nuanced measurement of park perception proves elusive. While analysis of user-generated content from social media offers scalability over conventional small-sample surveys or objective indicators, deriving effective perceptions beyond basic sentiment, aligned with actionable urban planning variables, remains a crucial challenge. Consequently, a critical gap persists in evaluating inequality in park accessibility through the lens of multi-dimensional quality experiences within diverse urban settings. This hinders truly citizen-centric green space planning and the derivation of insights that transcend quantity. To address this challenge, this study pioneers a systematic benchmarking of large language models (LLMs) and other encoders to classify three perception dimensions-perceived accessibility, usability, and attractiveness-from massive online review data. The fine-tuned Park-Perception-LLM achieved 83-91% accuracy, outperforming other algorithms. Applied to Hong Kong as a representative case of a high-density metropolis, we measured perception scores for 158 urban parks and developed a novel perception-weighted park accessibility metric. This uncovered pronounced inequalities, identifying neighbourhoods with abundant park capacity yet poor experiential quality-a nuanced socio-spatial disparity. Subsequent analysis of perception pathways revealed that diverse facility provision, natural park elements, nearby cultural amenities, and green streetscapes could significantly enhance perceived qualities, whereas monotonous urban forms undermine attractiveness. This LLM-driven framework accurately infers comprehensive perceptions from online reviews, providing a scalable analytical foundation to support planners, designers, and policymakers in integrating perception-based evidence into future park planning, design, and management decisions towards better quality of life.
C1 [Song, Qiwei; Van Ameijde, Jeroen] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Architecture, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Song, Qiwei] MIT, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, Senseable City Lab, Cambridge, MA USA.
   [Song, Qiwei; Tian, Siyu; Zheng, Lingwei; Zheng, Yuxuan] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Fac Social Sci, Computat Social Sci Lab, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Tian, Siyu; Zheng, Lingwei] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog & Resource Management, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Zheng, Yuxuan; Qiu, Lin] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Psychol, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Qiu, Lin] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Journalism & Commun, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Qiu, Lin] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Governance & Policy Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Bo] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese University of Hong Kong; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong
RP Van Ameijde, J (通讯作者)，Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Architecture, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
FU CUHK Computational Social Science Fellowship; CUHK Faculty Research Data Management Incentivising Programme Fund; CUHK Interdisciplinary Research; CUHK Computational Social Science Laboratory (CSSL)
CR Adorno BV, 2025, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V256, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105297
   APPLETON J, 1975, T I BRIT GEOGR, V0, PP120, DOI 10.2307/621625
   Battiston A, 2024, NPJ URBAN SUSTAIN, V4, P0, DOI 10.1038/s42949-024-00147-y
   Berlyne DE, 1971, AESTHETICS AND PSYCHOBIOLOGY, Vxiv, P336
   Biernacka M, 2022, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V73, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127585
   Biernacka M, 2018, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V36, P22, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2018.09.007
   Boutreux T, 2024, NPJ URBAN SUSTAIN, V4, P0, DOI 10.1038/s42949-024-00176-7
   Brown TB, 2020, ADV NEUR IN, V33, P0
   C&SD, 2024, CENSUS AND STATISTICS DEPARTMENT: YEAR-END POPULATION FOR 2023, V0, P0
   Callaghan A, 2021, J MENT HEALTH, V30, P179, DOI 10.1080/09638237.2020.1755027
   Cheng B, 2022, PROC IEEECVF C COMPU, V0, PP1290, DOI 10.48550/arXiv.2112.01527
   Cheng L, 2019, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V76, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2019.09.019
   de Kok T, 2025, MANAGE SCI, V71, P0, DOI 10.1287/mnsc.2023.03253
   de la Barrera F, 2016, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V20, P254, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2016.09.007
   Dosen AS, 2016, CITY TERRITORY AND ARCHITECTURE, V3, P0, DOI 10.1186/s40410-016-0033-1
   Dubey A, 2016, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V9905, P196, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-46448-0_12
   Ewing R, 2009, J URBAN DES, V14, P65, DOI 10.1080/13574800802451155
   Fan ZX, 2021, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V59, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.126996
   Fu XY, 2024, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V90, P728, DOI 10.1080/01944363.2024.2309259
   Fu YT, 2024, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V101, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128446
   Geurs KT, 2004, J TRANSP GEOGR, V12, P127, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2003.10.005
   Ghermandi A, 2022, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V217, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104261
   Guo R, 2024, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V247, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105065
   Hargittai E, 2020, SOC SCI COMPUT REV, V38, P10, DOI 10.1177/0894439318788322
   Hursh SH, 2024, J URBAN ECOL, V10, P0, DOI 10.1093/jue/juae009
   He P, 2020, DEBERTA: DECODING-ENHANCED BERT WITH DISENTANGLED ATTENTION, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.48550/ARXIV.2006.03654
   Heikinheimo V, 2020, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V201, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.103845
   Heine C, 2025, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V254, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105250
   Huai SY, 2023, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V81, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2023.127869
   Huai S, 2022, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V218, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104307
   Huang WM, 2024, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V38, P1414, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2024.2347322
   Ito K, 2025, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V119, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102283
   Jansen BJ, 2023, NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING JOURNAL, V4, P100020, DOI 10.1016/j.nlp.2023.100020
   Kaczynski AT, 2008, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V98, P1451, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2007.129064
   Kaplan Rachel, 1989, THE EXPERIENCE OF NATURE: A PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE, V0, P0
   Kong I, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V233, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104692
   Kong LQ, 2022, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V226, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104482
   Konijnendijk CC, 2023, J FORESTRY RES, V34, P821, DOI 10.1007/s11676-022-01523-z
   Lau KKL, 2021, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V64, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127251
   Li WP, 2024, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V101, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128524
   Liang HL, 2023, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V91, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104456
   Liu D, 2024, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V96, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2024.128335
   Liu Y, 2015, ANN ASSOC AM GEOGR, V105, P512, DOI 10.1080/00045608.2015.1018773
   Low Setha, 2005, RETHINKING URBAN PARKS: PUBLIC SPACE AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.7560/706859
   Luo HY, 2025, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V258, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105323
   Luo SL, 2026, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V53, P90, DOI 10.1177/23998083251382840
   McCormack GR, 2010, HEALTH PLACE, V16, P712, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.03.003
   Moran MR, 2020, CITIES, V105, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102817
   OpenAI, 2024, NEW EMBEDDING MODELS AND API UPDATES, V0, P0
   Ouyang Tianjian, 2024, WWW 24: COMPANION PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACM ON WEB CONFERENCE 2024, V0, PP1142, DOI 10.1145/3589335.3651451
   Parnami A, 2022, ARXIV, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.48550/ARXIV.2203.04291
   Radford Alec, 2021, ARXIV, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.48550/ARXIV.2103.00020
   Raiaan MAK, 2024, IEEE ACCESS, V12, P26839, DOI 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3365742
   Richardson EA, 2013, PUBLIC HEALTH, V127, P318, DOI 10.1016/j.puhe.2013.01.004
   Rigolon A, 2018, J URBAN AFF, V40, P576, DOI 10.1080/07352166.2017.1360740
   Rigolon A, 2016, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V153, P160, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.05.017
   Roberts H, 2019, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V46, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126485
   Roemmich JN, 2014, PREV CHRONIC DIS, V11, P0, DOI 10.5888/pcd11.140175
   Rollison D, 2021, SOCI STUDY FINDS 62% OF GOOGLE REVIEWS ARE WRITTEN BY LOCAL GUIDES | STREET FIGHT, V0, P0
   Rui J, 2023, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V98, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104851
   Schüle SA, 2017, INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL, V220, P711, DOI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2017.02.006
   Seaman PJ, 2010, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V7, P0, DOI 10.1186/1479-5868-7-78
   Sheikh WT, 2022, CITIES, V131, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103972
   Sia A, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V235, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104758
   Song C, 2025, ARXIV, V0, P0
   Song QW, 2025, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V52, P1231, DOI 10.1177/23998083241292680
   Stessens P, 2020, LAND USE POLICY, V91, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104319
   Tang BS, 2017, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V161, P80, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.01.004
   Tang ZL, 2023, ECOL INDIC, V154, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.110541
   Tao S, 2023, CITIES, V137, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104324
   United Nations, 2015, TRANSFORMING OUR WORLD: THE 2030 AGENDA FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, V0, P0
   Wan C, 2021, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V62, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127172
   Wang D, 2015, CITIES, V42, P85, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2014.10.003
   Wang SQ, 2022, CITIES, V125, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103611
   Xing LJ, 2020, CITIES, V96, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2019.102405
   Zhan P, 2024, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V245, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105015
   Zhang DL, 2023, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V98, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104824
   Zhang JY, 2019, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V44, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2019.126420
   Zhang R, 2022, CITIES, V129, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103839
   Zhao XK, 2025, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V119, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.106083
   Zhao XK, 2024, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V112, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105619
   Zheng Y, 2025, NAT COMPUT SCI, V5, P727, DOI 10.1038/s43588-025-00846-1
   Zhou HL, 2022, INT J APPL EARTH OBS, V115, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jag.2022.103078
   Zhou SH, 2024, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V107, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105440
   Zhu YH, 2025, CITIES, V156, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105535
   Ziems C, 2023, COMPUT LINGUIST, V50, P237, DOI 10.1162/coli_a_00502
   Zou N, 2024, SCI REP-UK, V14, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-51239-9
NR 87
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 98
U2 98
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
EI 1872-6062
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD APR 15
PY 2026
VL 268
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105571
EA DEC 2025
PG 19
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA AS9AT
UT WOS:001655978600001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Moran, ME
   Laefer, DF
AF Moran, Marcel E.
   Laefer, Debra F.
TI Multiscale Analysis of Pedestrian Crossing Distance
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Crosswalks; GIS; pedestrians; safety; satellite
ID behavior
AB Problem, research strategy, and findingsCrossing distance is considered a factor in both pedestrian safety and behavior. However, it has seldom been quantified within or across entire cities or related to walking outcomes. Combining data encoded in OpenStreetMap and drawn from high-resolution satellite imagery, we measured formal pedestrian crossings throughout a dense European city (Paris [France]), a dense American city (San Francisco [CA]), and a less-dense, more car-centric American city (Irvine [CA]). This granular approach-covering roughly 49,000 total crossings-identified inter- and intraurban spatial patterns in the distribution of pedestrian crossing distance, including clusters of long crossings that likely deter walking and increase its risk. By overlaying recent pedestrian-vehicle collisions on these novel data sets we found that longer crossing distance correlated with increased likelihood of collisions, raising the salience of traffic-calming interventions.Takeaway for practiceQuantifying pedestrian crossing distance at the scale of entire municipalities empowers transportation planners to identify pedestrian-hostile crossings (individuals and clusters), add context to collision trends, and geographically target locations for traffic calming. These cases collectively demonstrate how the increasing prioritization of the automobile in city planning quantitatively changes (and degrades) the pedestrian environment, as well as how low-tech investments, such as sidewalk extensions and refuge islands, can mitigate these trends.
C1 [Moran, Marcel E.; Laefer, Debra F.] NYU, Ctr Urban Sci & Progress, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
   [Laefer, Debra F.] NYU, Tandon Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Urban Engn, Brooklyn, NY USA.
C3 New York University; New York University Tandon School of Engineering; New York University; New York University Tandon School of Engineering
RP Moran, ME (通讯作者)，NYU, Ctr Urban Sci & Progress, Tandon Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA.
EM marcel.moran@nyu.edu
CR Alattar MA, 2021, TRANSP RES INTERDISC, V9, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trip.2021.100301
   Bhatta B, 2010, APPL GEOGR, V30, P731, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.02.002
   Biljecki F, 2023, BUILD ENVIRON, V237, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110295
   Boeing G, 2017, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V65, P126, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2017.05.004
   Brewer E, 2021, PLOS ONE, V16, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0253370
   Brill M, 2013, SAN FRANCISCO PEDEST, V0, P0
   Budhathoki NR, 2013, AM BEHAV SCI, V57, P548, DOI 10.1177/0002764212469364
   Coast S, 2015, BOOK 8, V0, P0
   Dingil AE, 2018, ROAD NETWORK EXTRACT, V0, PP111, DOI 10.29007/t7pk
   Doggett R, 2018, EVALUATING RES DATA, V0, P0
   Duncan S, 2016, GLOBAL STREET DESIGN, V0, P0
   Ferenchak NN, 2022, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V167, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106573
   Feuer W, 2020, STREET DESIGN MANUAL, V0, P0
   FORSYTH A, 2005, REFORMING SUBURBIA P, V0, P0
   Fridman L, 2020, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V20, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12889-019-8139-5
   GARDER P, 1989, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V21, P435, DOI 10.1016/0001-4575(89)90004-3
   GETIS A, 1992, GEOGR ANAL, V24, P189, DOI 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x
   Gorelick N, 2017, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V202, P18, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031
   Hake S, 2023, SLOW STREETS EVALUAT, V0, P0
   Herrada M, 2023, SORTIR PARIS NE 1118, V0, P0
   Hong A, 2023, NY TIMES 0906, V0, P0
   Imhoff ML, 2010, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V114, P504, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2009.10.008
   Islam A, 2022, J TRANSP ENG A-SYST, V148, P0, DOI 10.1061/JTEPBS.0000737
   Jordan DP, 1995, TRANSFORMING PARIS L, V0, P0
   Kim J, 2023, NPR, V0, P0
   Kim J, 2022, COVID 19 WORLD AD HO, V0, PP1237, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94350-968
   Knoblauch RL, 2001, FHWARD00103 US DOT, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1037/e439082008-001
   Lee G, 2013, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V25, P68, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2013.08.002
   Lee K, 2017, EMERGING DATA MINING, V0, P0
   Levi S, 2013, 811798 DOT HS NAT HI, V0, P0
   Lipovac K, 2013, J TRANSP ENG, V139, P165, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000491
   Mang XJ, 2019, INT SYMP NEXTGEN, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1109/isne.2019.8896550
   Mather M, 2024, FACT SHEET AGING US, V0, P0
   McCord MR, 2003, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, P136
   Minghini M, 2019, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM, V42-4, P167, DOI 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-4-W14-167-2019
   Monsere C, 2016, 778 SPR FHWA USDOT O, V0, P0
   Mooney P, 2017, MAPPING AND THE CITIZEN SENSOR, V0, PP37, DOI 10.5334/BBF.C
   Moran ME, 2022, FINDINGS, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.32866/001c.33765
   Moran ME, 2022, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V49, P2250, DOI 10.1177/23998083221081530
   Moran ME, 2021, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V48, P1912, DOI 10.1177/2399808320954205
   National Technical University of Athens Greece, 2022, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY, V13, P127, DOI 10.48088/ejg.a.bar.13.2.127.138
   Nienhaus A, 2023, ROAD 15 URBAN MOBILI, V0, P0
   Novack T, 2018, SENSORS-BASEL, V18, P0, DOI 10.3390/s18113794
   Nuyttens N, 2020, FACTS FIGURES PEDEST, V0, P0
   Pace, 2012, TRAFFIC SAFETY BASIC, V0, P0
   Park H, 2021, PERSONALIZED TRIP PL, V0, P0
   Pecchini D, 2015, J TRANSP ENG, V141, P0, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000782
   Rasmussen J, 2020, AGEING EUROPE LOOKIN, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.2785/628105
   Ridel D, 2018, IEEE INT C INTELL TR, V0, PP3105, DOI 10.1109/ITSC.2018.8569415
   Rodriguez OS, 2024, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2678, P0, DOI 10.1177/03611981231190637
   Schmitt A, 2020, RIGHT WAY RACE CLASS, V0, P0
   Schneider RJ, 2020, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2674, P1069, DOI 10.1177/0361198120933636
   Sevtsuk A, 2024, CITIES, V149, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.104927
   TEANBY D, 1992, BRIT MED J, V304, P422, DOI 10.1136/bmj.304.6824.422
   Tyndall J, 2024, ECON TRANSP, V37, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ecotra.2024.100342
   USCensus Bureau, 2023, AM COMMUNITY SURVEY, V0, P0
   Ungaretti L, 2005, SAN FRANCISCOS RICHM, V0, P0
   Verma R, 2024, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2678, P845, DOI 10.1177/03611981231210545
   Wang J, 2023, TRAFFIC INJ PREV, V24, P38, DOI 10.1080/15389588.2022.2127322
   Yen Y, 2021, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V48, P169, DOI 10.1177/2399808319857726
   Yu L, 2012, INT J REMOTE SENS, V33, P3966, DOI 10.1080/01431161.2011.636081
NR 61
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 2
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0194-4363
EI 1939-0130
J9 J AM PLANN ASSOC
JI J. Am. Plan. Assoc.
PD APR 3
PY 2026
VL 92
IS 2
BP 290
EP 304
DI 10.1080/01944363.2024.2394610
EA SEP 2024
PG 15
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FS7AO
UT WOS:001315998700001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Hong, A
   Ha, J
   Ki, D
   Choi, DA
AF Hong, Andy
   Ha, Jaehyun
   Ki, Donghwan
   Choi, Dong-ah
TI Designing age-friendly streetscapes: Assessing environmental risk factors for falls using street view images
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Outdoor falls; Older adults; Urban design; Street view images; Computer vision
ID older-adults; physical-activity; fear; strategy
AB As cities worldwide strive to become more age-friendly in response to rapidly aging populations, outdoor falls among older adults remain a persistent challenge that undermines these initiatives. The micro-scale environmental determinants of these falls remain inadequately explored, creating a significant gap in evidence-based urban design for inclusive urban environments. This study investigates the association between built environment features and outdoor fall risks among older adults using data from 6302 emergency dispatch cases in Jeonbuk Province, South Korea. By leveraging deep learning-based computer vision and a zero-inflated Poisson model, we analyze half a million street view images to identify micro-scale streetscape features associated with outdoor fall incidents. Our findings indicate that older adults are more likely to fall in areas with high population density and mixed-use land. While these environmental characteristics show higher fall incident rates, certain streetscape features, such as curbs and brick surfaces, can mitigate fall risks, while asphalt and concrete surfaces may exacerbate them. These findings demonstrate that environments promoting walking require enhanced fall risk management through appropriate design considerations for older adults. By recognizing older adults as 'mobility minorities' with specific needs, targeted micro-scale streetscape interventions, such as surface materials and curb designs, can enhance safety while preserving walkability benefits, supporting more inclusive urban environments.
C1 [Hong, Andy] Univ Utah, Coll Architecture Planning, Dept City & Metropolitan Planning, 375 S 1530 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
   [Hong, Andy] Univ Utah, Coll Architecture Planning, Hlth Aging & Resilient Pl Lab, 375 S 1530 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
   [Ha, Jaehyun] Chung Ang Univ, Coll Social Sci, Dept Urban Planning & Real Estate, Seoul 06974, South Korea.
   [Ki, Donghwan] Ohio State Univ, Dept City & Reg Planning, Knowlton Hall 470,275 W Woodruff Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Choi, Dong-ah] Hanyang Univ, Grad Sch Urban Studies, Dept Urban & Reg Dev Management, 222 Wangsimni Ro, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
C3 Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Chung Ang University; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Hanyang University
RP Choi, DA (通讯作者)，Hanyang Univ, Grad Sch Urban Studies, Dept Urban & Reg Dev Management, 222 Wangsimni Ro, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
EM a.hong@utah.edu; jaehyunha@cau.ac.kr; ki.17@osu.edu; dachoi@hanyang.ac.kr
FU Korea Health Promotion R & D Project - Minitry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea [HS23C0056]; Hanyang University [HY-202400000003326]
CR Alshammari SA, 2018, J FAM COMMUNITY MED, V25, P29, DOI 10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_48_17
   Ambrose AF, 2013, MATURITAS, V75, P51, DOI 10.1016/j.maturitas.2013.02.009
   Bergen G, 2016, MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W, V65, P993, DOI 10.15585/mmwr.mm6537a2
   Canever JB, 2021, ARCH GERONTOL GERIAT, V95, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104395
   Van Cauwenberg J, 2011, HEALTH PLACE, V17, P458, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.11.010
   Chaudhury H, 2012, J AGING STUD, V26, P35, DOI 10.1016/j.jaging.2011.07.001
   Chen Y, 2024, RANGE: JOURNAL OF UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH, V2024, P0
   Chippendale T, 2015, GERONTOLOGIST, V55, P575, DOI 10.1093/geront/gnu019
   CUMMINGS SR, 1988, J AM GERIATR SOC, V36, P613, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1988.tb06155.x
   Curl A, 2016, PROC INST CIV ENG-U, V169, P0, DOI 10.1680/udap.14.00056
   Delbaere K, 2010, J AM GERIATR SOC, V58, P1679, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03017.x
   Dunlap PM, 2025, GERONTOLOGIST, V65, P0, DOI 10.1093/geront/gnaf078
   Fatahi N, 2025, CITIES, V158, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105605
   Gazibara T, 2017, PSYCHOGERIATRICS, V17, P215, DOI 10.1111/psyg.12217
   Gunsan City Council, 2022, PRESS RELEASE ON SIDEWALK CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE GUIDELINES, V0, P0
   He X, 2025, CITIES, V156, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105537
   Hosseini M, 2022, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V79, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103630
   Jeonbuk Province Institute, 2022, 4TH COMPREHENSIVE PLAN OF JEONBUK, V0, P0
   Jeonju City, 2016, URBAN DESIGN PLANS FOR JEONJU: URBAN DESIGN GUIDELINE, V0, P0
   Kenny RAM, 2011, J AM GERIATR SOC, V59, P148, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03234.x
   Ki D, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V240, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104873
   Kim SH, 2016, ARCH GERONTOL GERIAT, V62, P75, DOI 10.1016/j.archger.2015.10.003
   Koh EF, 2025, CITIES, V162, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105904
   Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 2023, INJURY FACTBOOK, V0, P0
   Korea Health Promotion Institute, 2016, REGIONAL HEALTH VULNERABILITY REPORT, V0, P0
   Lee HA, 2023, INNOV AGING, V7, P0, DOI 10.1093/geroni/igad055
   Lee JY, 2016, INT J QUAL HEALTH C, V28, P175, DOI 10.1093/intqhc/mzv122
   Lee S, 2021, BMC GERIATR, V21, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12877-021-02499-x
   Lee S, 2019, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V16, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph16183230
   Li FZ, 2003, J GERONTOL B-PSYCHOL, V58, PP283, DOI 10.1093/geronb/58.5.P283
   Liu H, 2022, HEALTH SOC CARE COMM, V30, PE4961, DOI 10.1111/hsc.13908
   Lusardi MM, 2017, J GERIATR PHYS THER, V40, P1, DOI 10.1519/JPT.0000000000000099
   Merlin LA, 2020, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V134, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2019.07.020
   National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2020, COST OF OLDER ADULT FALLS, V0, P0
   Neuhold G, 2017, IEEE I CONF COMP VIS, V0, PP5000, DOI 10.1109/ICCV.2017.534
   Nicklett EJ, 2017, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph14020175
   Nyman SR, 2013, BMC GERIATR, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1471-2318-13-125
   Ouyang P, 2018, ENVIRON HEALTH PREV, V23, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12199-018-0735-y
   Petersen Jindong Ding, 2018, ALZHEIMERS DEMENT (AMST), V10, P421, DOI 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.05.004
   Pynoos J, 2010, CLIN GERIATR MED, V26, P633, DOI 10.1016/j.cger.2010.07.001
   Rachele JN, 2024, CITIES, V150, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105103
   Rakhshani T, 2019, INT J HEALTH PROMOT, V57, P303, DOI 10.1080/14635240.2019.1632731
   Rantakokko M, 2009, J AM GERIATR SOC, V57, P634, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02180.x
   Rodríguez DA, 2008, PREV MED, V47, P260, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.028
   Saha M, 2019, CHI 2019: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2019 CHI CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1145/3290605.3300292
   Steinmetz-Wood M, 2020, HEALTH PLACE, V66, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102462
   Stenhagen M, 2014, ARCH GERONTOL GERIAT, V58, P95, DOI 10.1016/j.archger.2013.07.006
   Sterling DA, 2001, J TRAUMA, V50, P116, DOI 10.1097/00005373-200101000-00021
   Thornton CM, 2017, ANN BEHAV MED, V51, P159, DOI 10.1007/s12160-016-9837-1
   Turja T, 2025, J PUBLIC HEALTH-HEID, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1007/s10389-025-02414-3
   World Health Organization, 2021, FALLS, V0, P0
   World Health Organization, 2008, WHO GLOBAL REPORT ON FALLS PREVENTION IN OLDER AGE, V0, P0
   Yuan Q, 2025, CITIES, V162, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105969
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 14
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD MAR 15
PY 2026
VL 170
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106696
EA DEC 2025
PG 10
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA O9156
UT WOS:001633058500001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Adhikari, B
   King, AC
   Sallis, JF
   Saelens, BE
   Fox, EH
   Cain, KL
   Conway, TL
   Frank, LD
AF Adhikari, Binay
   King, Abby C.
   Sallis, James F.
   Saelens, Brian E.
   Fox, Eric H.
   Cain, Kelli L.
   Conway, Terry L.
   Frank, Lawrence D.
TI Re-thinking walkability: Synergizing the pedestrian environment and land use patterns to promote physical activity in older adults
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban design; Built environment; Aging in place; Walking; Healthy cities; Geographic Information System; Accelerometer
ID google street view; neighborhood environment; built environment; walking; gender; travel; prevalence; mobility; health; perceptions
AB Previous studies have demonstrated that the macro-level design of cities (e.g., walkability) and the micro-level pedestrian-oriented design of streetscapes are associated with physical activity; however, the benefits of combining these features have rarely been examined. Understanding potential synergies between these two components could provide guidance for optimizing health impacts, especially for older adults. This crosssectional investigation examined interactions among 'macro-level' neighbourhood walkability and 'microlevel' pedestrian environment, sex, and neighbourhood income in relation to self-reported frequency of active transportation (walked or biked (yes/no) to do errands in a week) and device-measured physical activity (>= 30 min per day) in 352 older adults recruited from economically and built environmentally diverse neighbourhoods in Seattle/King County. Results included positive interactions between neighbourhood walkability, pedestrian environment, and sex for the active transportation outcome. The synergy was more pronounced in women, in which there were significant interactions between neighbourhood walkability and sex with scores related to streetscape design features, walking routes, and street-crossing characteristics of the pedestrian environment. Our study highlights actionable policies to create age-friendly pedestrian environments by improving route connectivity, streetscape features, and crossing safety. Prioritizing well-connected walking routes, enhancing micro-level streetscape elements, and ensuring pedestrian-friendly crossings can significantly support elderly active travel and reduce reliance on motorized transport. These results provide evidence that the pedestrian environment may enhance the health potential of neighbourhood walkability for some population segments (i.e., older women).
C1 [Adhikari, Binay] Univ British Columbia, Sch Community & Reg Planning, 6333 Memorial Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
   [Adhikari, Binay] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
   [Adhikari, Binay] BC Ctr Dis Control, Prov Hlth Serv Author, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada.
   [King, Abby C.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Stanford, CA 94304 USA.
   [King, Abby C.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Med, Stanford, CA 94304 USA.
   [Sallis, James F.; Cain, Kelli L.; Conway, Terry L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Herbert Wertheim Sch Publ Hlth & Human Longev Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
   [Saelens, Brian E.] Univ Washington, Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
   [Saelens, Brian E.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
   [Fox, Eric H.; Frank, Lawrence D.] Urban Design 4 Hlth Inc, Rochester, NY 14620 USA.
   [Frank, Lawrence D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
C3 University of British Columbia; University of British Columbia; BC Centre for Disease Control; Stanford University; Stanford University; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Seattle Children's Hospital; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of California System; University of California San Diego
RP Adhikari, B (通讯作者)，655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada.
EM binay.adhikari@bccdc.ca
FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL67350]; Graduate Global Leadership Fellowship in Sustainable Transportation at the University of British Columbia; J. Armand Bombardier Fellowship in Sustainable Transportation at the University of British Columbia
CR Abbott J, 2005, J PLAN EDUC RES, V24, P237, DOI 10.1177/0739456X04267710
   Adams MA, 2022, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V19, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph19084548
   Adams MA, 2012, AM J HEALTH BEHAV, V36, P757, DOI 10.5993/AJHB.36.6.4
   Adkins A, 2012, J URBAN DES, V17, P499, DOI 10.1080/13574809.2012.706365
   Alidoust S, 2018, J HOUS BUILT ENVIRON, V33, P133, DOI 10.1007/s10901-017-9558-1
   Amagasa S, 2017, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V14, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-017-0519-6
   Unknown -, 2019, LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH, V4, PE360, DOI 10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30135-5
   Unknown -, 2024, R FOUNDATION FOR STATISTICAL COMPUTING, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.32614/R.MANUALS
   Austad SN, 2016, CELL METAB, V23, P1022, DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.019
   Barnett DW, 2017, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V14, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-017-0558-z
   Berger U, 2005, AGEING SOC, V25, P181, DOI 10.1017/S0144686X04002739
   Black SV, 2015, AM J PREV MED, V49, P172, DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.03.009
   Brownson RC, 2004, J PHYS ACTIVITY HLTH, V1, P189, DOI 10.1123/JPAH.1.3.191
   Bürkner PC, 2017, J STAT SOFTW, V80, P1, DOI 10.18637/jss.v080.i01
   Buman Matthew P, 2013, AM J PREV MED, V44, Pe41, DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.11.028
   Cain KL, 2018, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V15, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-018-0650-z
   Cain KL, 2014, SOC SCI MED, V116, P82, DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.06.042
   Cerin E, 2017, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V14, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-017-0471-5
   Cervero R, 1997, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V2, P199, DOI 10.1016/S1361-9209(97)00009-6
   Chandrabose M, 2019, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V16, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-019-0849-7
   Chudyk AM, 2015, J TRANSP HEALTH, V2, P50, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2014.09.008
   Colbert LH, 2011, MED SCI SPORT EXER, V43, P867, DOI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181fc7162
   Colom A, 2021, AGE AGEING, V50, P963, DOI 10.1093/ageing/afaa246
   Combs TS, 2021, TRANSP RES INTERDISC, V9, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trip.2021.100322
   Curl A, 2020, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V17, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph17041224
   Duerksen CJ, 2017, THE CITIZENS GUIDE TO PLANNING, V4th, P0, DOI 10.4324/9781351179669
   Ewing R, 2001, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP87, DOI 10.3141/1780-10
   Ewing R, 2016, J PLAN EDUC RES, V36, P5, DOI 10.1177/0739456X15591585
   Ewing R, 2010, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V76, P265, DOI 10.1080/01944361003766766
   Ferreira MT, 2010, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V10, P0, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-10-690
   Fox EH, 2021, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V18, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-021-01146-3
   Frank L, 2009, BRIT J SPORT MED, V43, P124, DOI 10.1136/bjsm.2008.055533
   Frank L, 1994, TRANSPN RES REC, V1466, P44
   Frank LD, 2010, BRIT J SPORT MED, V44, P924, DOI 10.1136/bjsm.2009.058701
   Frank LD, 2021, J TRANSP HEALTH, V21, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2020.101005
   Frank LD, 2019, PREV MED, V123, P109, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.011
   Frank LD, 2017, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V16, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12942-017-0077-9
   Frank LD, 2005, AM J PREV MED, V28, P117, DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.11.001
   Freedson PS, 1998, MED SCI SPORT EXER, V30, P777, DOI 10.1097/00005768-199805000-00021
   Gebru T, 2017, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V114, P13108, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1700035114
   Golan Y, 2019, GENDERED WALKABILITY: BUILDING A DAYTIME WALKABILITY INDEX FOR WOMEN, V12, P501
   GTFS Data Exchange, 2016, GTFS DATA EXCHANGE, V0, P0
   Gunn LD, 2014, PREV MED, V67, P322, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.07.041
   Guo Z, 2013, J TRANSP GEOGR, V28, P124, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2012.11.013
   Guthold R, 2018, LANCET GLOB HEALTH, V6, PE1077, DOI 10.1016/s2214-109x(18)30357-7
   Jacobs J, 1992, THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES, V0, P0
   Jensen WA, 2017, HEALTH PLACE, V48, P80, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.09.007
   KAISER EJ, 1995, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V61, P365, DOI 10.1080/01944369508975648
   Keadle SK, 2016, PREV MED, V89, P37, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.009
   Kealey M, 2005, P 19 NAT C CHRON DIS, V0, P0
   Kerr J, 2012, J PLAN LIT, V27, P43, DOI 10.1177/0885412211415283
   King AC, 2020, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V17, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph17051541
   King AC, 2011, SOC SCI MED, V73, P1525, DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.032
   Koohsari MJ, 2020, J SPORT HEALTH SCI, V9, P651, DOI 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.02.002
   Lee YS, 2005, J WOMEN AGING, V17, P55, DOI 10.1300/J074v17n01_05
   Marquet O, 2015, SOC SCI MED, V135, P24, DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.04.016
   Millstein RA, 2013, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-403
   Mottram S, 2008, QUAL LIFE RES, V17, P529, DOI 10.1007/s11136-008-9324-7
   Musselman K, 2005, J AGING PHYS ACTIV, V13, P239, DOI 10.1123/japa.13.3.239
   Mutrie N, 2012, POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY IN PRACTICE, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1002/9780470939338.CH9
   MYERS N, 1989, BIOSCIENCE, V39, P506, DOI 10.1093/bioscience/39.8.506
   Neckerman KM, 2009, J PUBLIC HEALTH POL, V30, PS264, DOI 10.1057/jphp.2008.47
   NOAA National Climatic Data Center, 2019, CLIMATE DATA ONLINE (CDO), V0, P0
   Nordstrom Cheryl K, 2007, BMC GERIATR, V7, P11, DOI 10.1186/1471-2318-7-11
   Notthoff N, 2017, GERONTOLOGY, V63, P443, DOI 10.1159/000475558
   Orstad SL, 2018, PREV MED, V116, P60, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.008
   Park S, 2015, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP157, DOI 10.3141/2519-17
   Pelclová J, 2014, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V11, P527, DOI 10.3390/ijerph110100527
   Powell KE, 2019, J PHYS ACT HEALTH, V16, P1, DOI 10.1123/jpah.2018-0618
   Queralt A, 2021, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V20, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12942-021-00261-5
   Rantakokko M, 2009, J AM GERIATR SOC, V57, P634, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2009.02180.x
   Reis JP, 2008, J PHYS ACT HEALTH, V5, P337, DOI 10.1123/jpah.5.3.337
   Rzotkiewicz A, 2018, HEALTH PLACE, V52, P240, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2018.07.001
   Sallis JF, 2016, LANCET, V387, P2207, DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01284-2
   Sallis JF, 2015, PREV CHRONIC DIS, V12, P0, DOI 10.5888/pcd12.150098
   Satariano WA, 2012, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V102, P1508, DOI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300631
   Sayers SP, 2004, J AM GERIATR SOC, V52, P1554, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52422.x
   Shigematsu R, 2009, MED SCI SPORT EXER, V41, P314, DOI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318185496c
   Steinmetz-Wood M, 2020, HEALTH PLACE, V66, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102462
   Stephan Y, 2011, PSYCHOL HEALTH, V26, P887, DOI 10.1080/08870446.2010.509798
   Stewart AL, 2001, MED SCI SPORT EXER, V33, P1126, DOI 10.1097/00005768-200107000-00010
   Strain T, 2024, LANCET GLOB HEALTH, V12, PE1232, DOI 10.1016/S2214-109X(24)00150-5
   Sun F, 2013, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-449
   Talen E, 2011, ENVIRON PLANN B, V38, P952, DOI 10.1068/b37048
   Thornton CM, 2017, ANN BEHAV MED, V51, P159, DOI 10.1007/s12160-016-9837-1
   Ungvari Z, 2023, GEROSCIENCE, V45, P3211, DOI 10.1007/s11357-023-00873-8
   Van Cauwenberg J, 2012, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V9, P0, DOI 10.1186/1479-5868-9-85
   van Zwieten A, 2018, J PEDIATR-US, V203, P380, DOI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.07.030
   Veerman JL, 2016, BMJ OPEN, V6, P0, DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011617
   Webber SC, 2010, GERONTOLOGIST, V50, P443, DOI 10.1093/geront/gnq013
   Whyte WH, 1980, THE SOCIAL LIFE OF SMALL URBAN SPACES, V0, P0
   World Health Organization, 2022, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY BEHAVIOUR: A BRIEF TO SUPPORT OLDER PEOPLE, V1st ed, P1
   Yin L, 2016, APPL GEOGR, V76, P147, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2016.09.024
   Zhao GX, 2011, J AM GERIATR SOC, V59, P132, DOI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03236.x
NR 94
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 41
U2 56
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JAN 15
PY 2026
VL 168
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106325
EA SEP 2025
PG 15
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 7CY7K
UT WOS:001568071900002
PM 40959523
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Yang, CH
   Fang, H
   Guo, SC
   Xia, ZL
   Zhang, X
   Pan, XQ
   Mu, HW
   Yuan, B
   Li, CQ
   Du, PJ
AF Yang, Chenghan
   Fang, Hong
   Guo, Shanchuan
   Xia, Zilong
   Zhang, Xingang
   Pan, Xiaoquan
   Mu, Haowei
   Yuan, Bo
   Li, Chunqiang
   Du, Peijun
TI Fine-timestamped street view imagery reveals patterns of pedestrian dynamics associated with urban functional characteristics
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrian dynamics; Street view images; Spatial lag model; Urban functional zones; Remote sensing
ID built environment; big data; walkability; distance; impact; travel
AB Pedestrian activity reflects core aspects of urban vitality and functionality, offering key insights for urban sustainability. Extensive research has explored the relationship between pedestrian distribution and urban environments. However, these studies are limited by data scalability and precision, and often overlook the role of urban functional zones (UFZs). These limitations hinder understanding of pedestrian dynamics and urban functionality. This study extracted hidden timestamps from Baidu Street View (BSV) data and applied finegrained statistics to reconstruct spatiotemporal dynamics of pedestrians detected by YOLOv5. Deep learning and statistical methods characterized urban functions at macro (UFZs) and micro (POIs) scales, and a spatial lag model (SLM) examined their association with pedestrian volumes. The results revealed a distinct daily U-shaped trend, with pedestrian counts dipping at midday and rising in the morning and late afternoon, and a spatial pattern concentrated in central areas with regional variation. While some correlations met expectations, such as higher volumes in central and commercial areas, the model also uncovered notable patterns. First, elements like dining facilities and POI diversity emerged as spatiotemporal anchors, associated with high pedestrian presence. Second, pedestrian flows reflected different urban routines, with accommodation and service facilities showing weekday-weekend and morning-afternoon contrasts. Third, some unexpected associations revealed underlying planning issues. Sports and shopping areas were negatively associated with pedestrian flows, likely due to privatized designs that limit access and reduce street-level engagement. These findings offer new insights into how urban functions shape pedestrian presence and underscore the need for inclusive, accessible urban design.
C1 [Yang, Chenghan; Guo, Shanchuan; Xia, Zilong; Zhang, Xingang; Pan, Xiaoquan; Mu, Haowei; Yuan, Bo; Li, Chunqiang; Du, Peijun] Nanjing Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Adv Remote Sensing & Geog Inf, Key Lab Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applicat, Sch Geog & Ocean Sci,Minist Nat Resources, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Chenghan; Guo, Shanchuan; Xia, Zilong; Zhang, Xingang; Pan, Xiaoquan; Mu, Haowei; Yuan, Bo; Li, Chunqiang; Du, Peijun] Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Resou, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Fang, Hong] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Civil Engn, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China.
C3 Nanjing University; Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing Forestry University
RP Du, PJ (通讯作者)，Nanjing Univ, Xianlin Campus,163 Xianlin Ave, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
EM peijun@nju.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [42271472]
CR Almulhim AI, 2024, NAT CITIES, V1, P0, DOI 10.1038/s44284-024-00117-6
   Alon N, 2015, PROCEEDINGS OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (IJCAI), V0, PP2055, DOI 10.1109/CVPR.2016.91
   Unknown -, 1900, DOI 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1948.TB00917.X DOI 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1948.TB01338.X 10.1002/J.1538-7305.1948.TB01338.X, V0, P0
   ANSELIN L, 1991, GEOGR ANAL, V23, P112, DOI 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1991.tb00228.x
   Askarizad R, 2020, CITIES, V101, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102687
   Azmi DI, 2012, PROCD SOC BEHV, V50, P204, DOI 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.08.028
   Bale J, 1993, SPORT, V0, P0
   Bennati S, 2022, SCI REP-UK, V12, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-021-03762-2
   Bettencourt L, 2010, NATURE, V467, P912, DOI 10.1038/467912a
   Biljecki F, 2021, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V215, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104217
   Boscoe FP, 2012, PROF GEOGR, V64, P188, DOI 10.1080/00330124.2011.583586
   Cambra P, 2020, J TRANSP HEALTH, V16, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2019.100797
   Campbell A, 2019, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V77, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2019.101350
   Carmona M, 2003, PUBLIC PLACES URBAN, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.4324/9781315158457
   Cervero R, 1997, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V2, P199, DOI 10.1016/S1361-9209(97)00009-6
   Chen JK, 2024, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V114, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105727
   Chen JK, 2021, BUILD ENVIRON, V194, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107650
   Chen L, 2022, CITIES, V127, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103734
   Chen L, 2020, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V81, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101481
   Cunha P, 2015, 2015 12TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED VIDEO AND SIGNAL BASED SURVEILLANCE (AVSS), V0, P0
   Diou C, 2018, J IMAGING, V4, P0, DOI 10.3390/jimaging4110125
   Du FY, 2024, HUM SOC SCI COMMUN, V11, P0, DOI 10.1057/s41599-023-02577-y
   Du SH, 2021, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V261, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112480
   Du SJ, 2020, GISCI REMOTE SENS, V57, P411, DOI 10.1080/15481603.2020.1724707
   Elden S, 2004, CONTINUUM, V0, P0
   Gómez LAE, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su132212447
   Ewing R, 2010, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V76, P265, DOI 10.1080/01944361003766766
   Fan RY, 2021, IEEE J-STARS, V14, P11737, DOI 10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3127246
   Fang H, 2024, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V115, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105874
   Feng Y, 2021, BUILD ENVIRON, V187, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107329
   Frank LD, 1994, RELATIONSHIP LAND US, V0, P0
   Garrido-Valenzuela F, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V102, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2023.101971
   Gebru T, 2017, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V114, P13108, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1700035114
   Gehl Jan, 2010, CITIES FOR PEOPLE, V0, P0
   Giannotti F, 2011, VLDB J, V20, P695, DOI 10.1007/s00778-011-0244-8
   Goel R, 2018, PLOS ONE, V13, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0196521
   Gong Y, 2012, 2012 20 INT C GEOINF, V0, PP1, DOI 10.1109/GEOINFORMATICS.2012.6270316
   Hajrasouliha A, 2015, URBAN STUD, V52, P2483, DOI 10.1177/0042098014544763
   HILLIER B, 1993, ENVIRON PLANN B, V20, P29, DOI 10.1068/b200029
   Hong D, 2024, INNOV GEOSCI, V2, P0, DOI 10.59717/j.xinn-geo.2024.100055
   Hu CB, 2020, BUILD ENVIRON, V167, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106424
   Huang B, 2018, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V214, P73, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2018.04.050
   Huang G, 2017, PROC CVPR IEEE, V0, PP2261, DOI 10.1109/CVPR.2017.243
   Ito K, 2025, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V119, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102283
   Jacobs J, 1992, THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES, V0, P0
   Jones SG, 2010, HEALTH SERV RES, V45, P316, DOI 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2009.01044.x
   Kang YH, 2021, LAND USE POLICY, V111, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104919
   Kesici N, 2023, J ARCHIT URBAN, V47, P68, DOI 10.3846/jau.2023.17688
   Kruse J, 2021, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V90, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101693
   Kwan MP, 2018, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph15091841
   Lauer RH, 1982, SOCIAL FORCES, V61, P612
   Lazer D, 2014, SCIENCE, V343, P1203, DOI 10.1126/science.1248506
   Lerman Y, 2016, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V55, P11, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2015.09.010
   Li DR, 2021, GEO-SPAT INF SCI, V24, P85, DOI 10.1080/10095020.2020.1838957
   Li XJ, 2018, T GIS, V22, P1029, DOI 10.1111/tgis.12472
   Li XC, 2020, ENVIRON RES LETT, V15, P0, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/ab9be3
   Liu DW, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V105, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2023.102027
   Liu DW, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V100, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101924
   Liu K, 2020, CITIES, V99, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102610
   Liu Y, 2012, J GEOGR SYST, V14, P463, DOI 10.1007/s10109-012-0166-z
   Lu WP, 2022, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V270, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112830
   Ma XT, 2021, CITIES, V116, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2021.103286
   Mendzina E, 2020, LANDSC ARCHIT ART, V16, P80, DOI 10.22616/j.landarchart.2020.16.08
   Miranda F, 2020, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2020 CHI CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS (CHI20), V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1145/3313831.3376399
   Moreno C, 2021, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V4, P93, DOI 10.3390/smartcities4010006
   Mouratidis K, 2018, CITIES, V74, P7, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2017.10.020
   Musterd S, 2006, URBAN STUD, V43, P1325, DOI 10.1080/00420980600776418
   Nguyen QC, 2018, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V72, P260, DOI 10.1136/jech-2017-209456
   Oda T, 2024, TRANSPORT RES C-EMER, V167, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trc.2024.104840
   Ozbil A, 2019, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V16, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph16101846
   Parra-Ovalle D, 2023, PLOS ONE, V18, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0282024
   Porter KMP, 2019, TRANSFORMING CITY STREETS TO PROMOTE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH EQUITY, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00454
   Pulugurtha SS, 2008, TRANSP RES RECORD, V0, PP39, DOI 10.3141/2073-05
   Qi J, 2024, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY WELL-BEING, V7, P155, DOI 10.1007/s42413-024-00204-5
   Qian Z, 2022, EARTH SYST SCI DATA, V14, P4057, DOI 10.5194/essd-14-4057-2022
   Rahman F, 2025, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V195, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2025.104429
   Sedgwick P, 2012, BRIT MED J, V344, P0, DOI 10.1136/bmj.e4483
   Seto KC, 2012, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V109, P16083, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1211658109
   Shen QM, 2018, IEEE T VIS COMPUT GR, V24, P1004, DOI 10.1109/TVCG.2017.2744159
   Sheng Q, 2021, URBAN RAIL TRANSIT, V7, P209, DOI 10.1007/s40864-021-00152-9
   Sila-Nowicka K, 2016, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V30, P881, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2015.1100731
   Tang ZY, 2020, URBAN FOR URBAN GREE, V56, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126871
   Wang H, 2019, CITIES, V93, P43, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2019.04.015
   Wang L, 2025, TRANSACTIONS IN URBAN DATA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, V4, P22, DOI 10.1177/27541231241311474
   Wang Z, 2025, GEOGR SUSTAIN, V6, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.geosus.2024.08.009
   WHITTLE P, 1954, BIOMETRIKA, V41, P434
   Yang CH, 2024, IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE, V62, P0, DOI 10.1109/TGRS.2024.3427145
   Yang YF, 2022, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V97, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101868
   Yao Y, 2021, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V212, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104125
   Yin L, 2015, APPL GEOGR, V63, P337, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.07.010
   Yu DY, 2025, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V227, P745, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2025.06.010
   Zhang B, 2023, APPL SPAT ANAL POLIC, V16, P729, DOI 10.1007/s12061-022-09499-3
   Zhang F, 2018, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V180, P148, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.020
   Zhang X, 2021, EARTH SYST SCI DATA, V13, P2753, DOI 10.5194/essd-13-2753-2021
   Zhang XX, 2025, NAT CITIES, V2, P0, DOI 10.1038/s44284-025-00227-9
   Zhao B, 2024, IEEE T PATTERN ANAL, V46, P2545, DOI 10.1109/TPAMI.2023.3335953
   Zhao PJ, 2025, FUND RES-CHINA, V5, P1084, DOI 10.1016/j.fmre.2023.08.007
   Zhao PJ, 2024, NAT COMMUN, V15, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41467-024-48909-7
   Zhao PJ, 2014, URBAN STUD, V51, P1019, DOI 10.1177/0042098013494423
   Zhao PJ, 2025, INNOVATION-AMSTERDAM, V6, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.xinn.2025.100992
   Zhou W, 2020, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V236, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2019.111458
NR 101
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 29
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD FEB 15
PY 2026
VL 169
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106515
EA OCT 2025
PG 14
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 8NB9G
UT WOS:001592593100001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Chen, Y
   Yang, X
   Li, X
   Yang, L
   Cheng, SF
   Tang, G
   Biljecki, F
AF Chen, Yang
   Yang, Xin
   Li, Xin
   Yang, Ling
   Cheng, Sifan
   Tang, Guoan
   Biljecki, Filip
TI Vertical 15-minute city: Modeling urban density and functional mix with multi-source geospatial data
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE 15-minute city; 3D urban function; 3D urban analysis; High-density city; Mixed-use
ID compact city; accessibility
AB The 15-minute city concept emphasizes accessible urban living by ensuring essential services are reachable within walking or biking distance. However, most evaluations rely on two-dimensional (2D) analyses, neglecting the vertical complexity of high-density cities. This study introduces a 3D framework for assessing 15-minute accessibility in Nanjing, China. Using natural language processing and rule-based methods, we construct a 3D functional composition dataset from multi-source data. We then develop floor-level proximity indices that account for both horizontal travel time and vertical circulation (e.g., stairs, elevators). Analyzing over 90 million simulated trips, we find that accessibility generally declines with building height, though access to offices and commercial facilities improves at 20th or higher floors. Spatial inequalities emerge not only between central and peripheral zones but also across building levels and regional GDP levels, with a U-shaped disparity tied to distance from downtown. Notably, 11%-17% of trips considered accessible in 2D analyses exceed the 15-minute threshold when vertical travel is included. Our findings highlight the need to incorporate vertical space in 15-minute city evaluations and offer a scalable method to support inclusive, fair, and livable 3D urban planning with the background of 15-minute city.
C1 [Chen, Yang; Yang, Xin; Yang, Ling; Tang, Guoan] Nanjing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Climate Syst Predict & Risk Manageme, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Yang; Cheng, Sifan; Biljecki, Filip] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Architecture, Singapore, Singapore.
   [Chen, Yang; Yang, Xin; Li, Xin; Yang, Ling; Tang, Guoan] Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, 1 Wenyuan Rd, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Yang; Yang, Xin; Li, Xin; Yang, Ling; Tang, Guoan] Nanjing Normal Univ, Key Lab Virtual Geog Environm, Minist Educ, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Xin; Tang, Guoan] Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Resou, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
   [Cheng, Sifan] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Sch Architecture, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Biljecki, Filip] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Real Estate, Singapore, Singapore.
C3 Nanjing Normal University; National University of Singapore; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing Normal University; Nanjing Normal University; Chinese University of Hong Kong; National University of Singapore
RP Yang, X (通讯作者)，Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog, 1 Wenyuan Rd, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China.
EM xxinyang@njnu.edu.cn
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2024YFB3909000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [42171402, 42571479]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions [164320H116]; Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province [KYCX24_1814]; China Scholarship Council (CSC)
CR Abbiasov T, 2024, NAT HUM BEHAV, V8, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41562-023-01770-y
   Albashir A, 2024, TRANSFORM TRANSPORT WORKING PAPERS COLLECTION, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.5281/ZENODO.14231533
   Allam Z, 2024, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V7, P2094, DOI 10.3390/smartcities7040083
   Allam Z, 2022, LANCET PLANET HEALTH, V6, PE181, DOI 10.1016/S2542-5196(22)00014-6
   Unknown -, 2023, HOW FAST DO ELEVATORS MOVE?, V0, P0
   Unknown -, 2023, THE IMPACT OF ELEVATOR SPEED ON BUILDING EFFICIENCY AND USER EXPERIENCE, V0, P0
   Bartzokas-Tsiompras A, 2023, J MAPS, V19, P0, DOI 10.1080/17445647.2022.2141143
   Bassolas A, 2019, NAT COMMUN, V10, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41467-019-12809-y
   Batty M, 1994, FRACTAL CITIES, V0, P0
   Batty M, 2009, ACCESSIBILITY: IN SEARCH OF A UNIFIED THEORY, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1068/b3602-d
   Birkenfeld C, 2023, J URBAN MOBIL, V3, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.urbmob.2023.100048
   Bohannon RW, 2011, PHYSIOTHERAPY, V97, P182, DOI 10.1016/j.physio.2010.12.004
   Bruno M, 2024, NAT CITIES, V1, P0, DOI 10.1038/s44284-024-00119-4
   Burke J, 2022, J BUS RES, V151, P651, DOI 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.06.024
   Burton E, 2000, URBAN STUD, V37, P1969, DOI 10.1080/00420980050162184
   Cao YX, 2021, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V264, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2021.112590
   Caselli B, 2022, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROCEDIA, V60, P346, DOI 10.1016/j.trpro.2021.12.045
   Che YZ, 2024, EARTH SYST SCI DATA, V16, P5357, DOI 10.5194/essd-16-5357-2024
   Chen B, 2021, BIG EARTH DATA, V5, P410, DOI 10.1080/20964471.2021.1939243
   Chen Y, 2024, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V112, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105635
   Chen ZX, 2024, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V110, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2024.102113
   Cheng H, 2018, INT PLAN STUD, V23, P163, DOI 10.1080/13563475.2017.1361318
   Choi D, 2021, CITIES, V109, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2020.103007
   Corbusier L, 2013, TOWARDS A NEW ARCHITECTURE, V0, P0
   Elldér E, 2025, J TRANSP GEOGR, V122, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2024.104060
   Fan C, 2022, NPJ URBAN SUSTAIN, V2, P0, DOI 10.1038/s42949-022-00051-3
   Ferrer-Ortiz C, 2022, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V5, P146, DOI 10.3390/smartcities5010010
   Gong P, 2020, SCI BULL, V65, P182, DOI 10.1016/j.scib.2019.12.007
   Gorrini A, 2023, J URBAN MOBIL, V3, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.urbmob.2023.100052
   Graells-Garrido E, 2021, PLOS ONE, V16, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0250080
   Grant RJ, 2025, CITIES, V159, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105787
   Guo YW, 2024, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V101, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2024.105184
   Guzman LA, 2024, CITIES, V148, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.104882
   Huang WM, 2022, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V36, P1905, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2022.2040510
   Jacobs J, 1992, THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES, V0, P0
   Jin TH, 2024, LAND USE POLICY, V142, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107180
   Khatibi M, 2025, CITIES, V162, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105986
   Khavarian-Garmsir AR, 2023, CITIES, V132, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.104101
   Knap E, 2023, J URBAN MOBIL, V3, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.urbmob.2022.100043
   Li ZQ, 2019, ENGINEERING-PRC, V11, P592, DOI 10.4236/eng.2019.119041
   Lin AN, 2021, IEEE J-STARS, V14, P8864, DOI 10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3107543
   Liu D, 2025, CITIES, V166, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106245
   Liu PY, 2023, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V93, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104480
   Liu XJ, 2016, ENVIRON PLANN B, V43, P341, DOI 10.1177/0265813515604767
   Liu Z, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/su10051588
   Logan TM, 2019, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V46, P897, DOI 10.1177/2399808317736528
   Luxen D, 2011, P 19 ACM SIGSPATIAL, V0, PP513, DOI 10.1145/2093973.2094062
   Marquet O, 2015, CITIES, V42, P258, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2014.10.012
   Milias V, 2022, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V95, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101829
   Mitchell D, 2016, ENGINEERING-PRC, V2, P33, DOI 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.01.030
   Moreno C, 2021, SMART CITIES-BASEL, V4, P93, DOI 10.3390/smartcities4010006
   Mouratidis K, 2024, CITIES, V153, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105274
   Mualam N, 2019, CITIES, V87, P131, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2018.12.027
   Neuman M, 2005, J PLAN EDUC RES, V25, P11, DOI 10.1177/0739456X04270466
   Ng KY, 2026, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V40, P610, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2025.2533326
   Norén J, 2014, TRANSP RES PROC, V2, P774, DOI 10.1016/j.trpro.2014.09.087
   Papadopoulos E, 2023, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V99, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104875
   Rhoads D, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V100, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101936
   Sepehri B, 2025, CITIES, V161, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.105902
   Shi KF, 2023, EARTHS FUTURE, V11, P0, DOI 10.1029/2022EF003384
   Song L, 2024, CITIES, V144, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104637
   Southworth M, 2005, J URBAN PLAN DEV, V131, P246, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9488(2005)131:4(246)
   Sun K, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V103, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2023.101977
   Talen Emily, 2013, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE LAND USE URBAN PLANNING, V1, P42, DOI 10.24102/ijslup.v1i1.211
   Teixeira JF, 2024, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V189, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2024.104234
   Thill JC, 2011, J TRANSP GEOGR, V19, P405, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.11.007
   Touya G, 2017, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V6, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi6030080
   Vale D, 2023, NPJ URBAN SUSTAIN, V3, P0, DOI 10.1038/s42949-023-00133-w
   Vilhelmson B, 2021, J TRANSP GEOGR, V94, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103098
   Wan JJ, 2024, LAND USE POLICY, V145, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107286
   Wang TY, 2024, CITIES, V151, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105147
   Wang TT, 2022, SCI DATA, V9, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41597-022-01300-x
   Weng M, 2019, J TRANSP HEALTH, V13, P259, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2019.05.005
   Willberg E, 2023, J TRANSP GEOGR, V106, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103521
   Xiong SP, 2024, REMOTE SENS ENVIRON, V312, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2024.114344
   Ye C, 2021, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V48, P1430, DOI 10.1177/2399808320935467
   Yin L, 2017, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V64, P288, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2017.04.001
   Yue Y, 2017, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V31, P658, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2016.1220561
   Zhang EJ, 2025, NAT CITIES, V2, P0, DOI 10.1038/s44284-025-00254-6
   Zhang SQ, 2023, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V50, P500, DOI 10.1177/23998083221118570
   Zhang SR, 2023, CITIES, V137, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2023.104312
   Zhang Y, 2023, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V198, P153, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2023.03.008
   Zhou XG, 2018, J TRANSP GEOGR, V68, P102, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2017.12.006
   Zhou YY, 2022, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V119, P0, DOI 10.1073/pnas.2214813119
NR 84
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 29
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD FEB 15
PY 2026
VL 169
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106516
EA OCT 2025
PG 24
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 8LN4J
UT WOS:001591533300005
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Huang, L
   Oki, T
AF Huang, Lu
   Oki, Takuya
TI Enhancing people's walking preferences in street design through generative artificial intelligence and crowdsourcing surveys: The case of Tokyo
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Generative artificial intelligence; stable diffusion; crowdsourcing survey; walking preference; street design
ID urban; walkability; perceptions; environment
AB The emerging generative artificial intelligence (generative AI) model, Stable Diffusion, is increasingly recognized as a promising tool for efficiently translating public preferences and ideas into spatial design representations. At the same time, deep learning techniques and crowdsourcing methods have enabled the large-scale collection of public walking preference data. This study introduces an innovative approach that leverages the Stable Diffusion model, combined with extensive public walking preference data, to create a workflow for generating revitalized street scenes aimed at enhancing subjective walking preferences. Compared to existing GAN-based methods, the approach used in this study is more efficient to train and generates more realistic and controllable outputs. The approach was tested and validated using data from Tokyo's Setagaya ward, confirming its effectiveness. This workflow represents a significant advancement in street design and redevelopment, delivering practical value and innovation by equipping designers and planners with rapid visual insights in the early design stages. Additionally, it fosters democratic urban design by utilizing crowdsourced data as training input for generative AI models.
C1 [Huang, Lu] Inst Sci Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan.
   [Oki, Takuya] Inst Sci Tokyo, Sch Environm & Soc, Bunkyo, Japan.
RP Oki, T (通讯作者)，Inst Sci Tokyo, Sch Environm & Soc, Dept Architecture & Bldg Engn, M4-2,2-12-1 Ookayama,Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan.
EM oki.t.e60f@m.isct.ac.jp
FU JST SPRING; Center for Spatial Information Science (CSIS); Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [22K04490] Funding Source: KAKEN
CR Adkins A, 2012, J URBAN DES, V17, P499, DOI 10.1080/13574809.2012.706365
   Alfonzo MA, 2005, ENVIRON BEHAV, V37, P808, DOI 10.1177/0013916504274016
   Unknown -, 2023, TOKYO SUSTAINABILITY, V0, P0
   Blakemore SJ, 2002, TRENDS COGN SCI, V6, P237, DOI 10.1016/S1364-6613(02)01907-1
   Choi J, 2016, J ADV TRANSPORT, V50, P120, DOI 10.1002/atr.1323
   Dubey A, 2016, LECT NOTES COMPUT SC, V9905, P196, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-46448-0_12
   Ewing R, 2009, J URBAN DES, V14, P65, DOI 10.1080/13574800802451155
   Fedorova S, 2021, SIMAUD 2021, V0, P0
   Gehl Jan, 2006, URBAN DES INT, V11, P32, DOI 10.1057/palgrave.udi.9000162
   Heusel M, 2018, ARXIV, V0, P0
   Hu EJ, 2021, ARXIV, V0, P0
   Huang CY, 2022, BUILD ENVIRON, V224, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109575
   Huang L, 2024, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi13040131
   Ito K, 2024, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V38, P2514, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2024.2391969
   Joglekar S, 2020, ROY SOC OPEN SCI, V7, P0, DOI 10.1098/rsos.190987
   Jones P, 2009, ROAD TRANSP RES, V18, P38
   Jun HJ, 2015, APPL GEOGR, V62, P115, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.04.014
   Kapsalis T, 2024, ARXIV, V0, P0
   Larkin A, 2022, J EXPO SCI ENV EPID, V32, P892, DOI 10.1038/s41370-022-00489-8
   Ma HR, 2024, COMP DES ROBOTIC FAB, V0, PP24, DOI 10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_3
   Millstein RA, 2013, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-403
   Mishra S, 2023, ARXIV, V0, P0
   MLIT, 2021, COMFORTABLE INVITING, V0, P0
   Nagata S, 2020, HEALTH PLACE, V66, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2020.102428
   Noyman Ariel, 2020, NO TITLE CAPTURED, V0, P1
   Ogawa Y, 2024, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V247, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105073
   Oki T, 2022, J ARCHITECTURE PLANN, V87, P2102, DOI 10.3130/aija.87.2102
   Qiu WS, 2023, CITIES, V132, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.104037
   Quan SJ, 2022, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V49, P2500, DOI 10.1177/23998083221100550
   Rombach R, 2022, PROC CVPR IEEE, V0, PP10674, DOI 10.1109/CVPR52688.2022.01042
   Setagaya Ward, 2023, SETAGAYA CITY, V0, P0
   Sumitomo Electric System Solutions CoLtd, 2020, EXPANDED NATL DIGITA, V0, P0
   Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 2024, TOKYO METROPOLITAN G, V0, P0
   Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 2017, DEV POLICY URBAN PLA, V0, P0
   Wijnands JS, 2019, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V49, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2019.101602
   Woo S, 2023, PROC CVPR IEEE, V0, PP16133, DOI 10.1109/CVPR52729.2023.01548
   Yamanaka R, 2022, 2022 ANN C ART INT S, V0, P0
   Zapata O, 2022, ENVIRON BEHAV, V54, P36, DOI 10.1177/0013916520953147
   Zhang F, 2018, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V180, P148, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.020
   Zhang LM, 2023, IEEE I CONF COMP VIS, V0, PP3813, DOI 10.1109/ICCV51070.2023.00355
NR 40
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 15
U2 52
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD FEB 15
PY 2026
VL 53
IS 2
BP 435
EP 452
DI 10.1177/23998083251327405
EA MAR 2025
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA DE6SS
UT WOS:001447173900001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Ungvárai, A
   Toth, BK
   Lengyel, A
AF Ungvarai, Adam
   Toth, Brigitta K.
   Lengyel, Andras
TI Promoting an energy-based pedestrian planning method: Explanation of desire paths in urban green areas
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrian planning; Pedestrian trail; Least-cost optimisation; Metabolic energy; Dijkstra's algorithm; Human behaviour
ID energetics; walking; cost; grass
AB This paper addresses pedestrian navigation behaviour and the underlying motivations by analysing the phenomenon of spontaneous pedestrian trail formation in urban green areas, also known as desire paths. Existing computational tools fail to accurately reproduce trails, and the underlying principle of pedestrian behaviour is not known. In this paper we present a novel synergistic method to model spontaneous trail formation, employing a graph representation of arbitrary design area and the concept of the metabolic energy demand of walking, presuming pedestrians' subconscious energy optimisation during way-finding. The method is validated via several benchmark tests with proven analytical solutions and demonstrated in two large-scale case studies with existing trails. Our findings corroborate the hypothesis that subconscious metabolic least-cost optimisation is the principle behind the phenomenon. Interference effects of trails known in this field could also be confirmed. The presented method is more than just a park planning tool. It highlights the importance of incorporating pedestrians' energy sensitivity in human-centred or walkable city design. Any planning tasks involving pedestrian traffic could be evaluated on this energy principle and considered in subsequent design.
C1 [Ungvarai, Adam] Univ Debrecen, Fac Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Debrecen, Hungary.
   [Toth, Brigitta K.; Lengyel, Andras] Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Fac Civil Engn, Dept Struct Mech, Budapest, Hungary.
C3 University of Debrecen; Budapest University of Technology & Economics
RP Toth, BK (通讯作者)，Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Dept Struct Mech, Muegyetem Rkp 3, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary.
EM toth.brigitta@emk.bme.hu
CR Alexander RM, 2002, AM J HUM BIOL, V14, P641, DOI 10.1002/ajhb.10067
   Andre S, 2015, 100 PERGUNTAS CHAVE NO CANCRO DA MAMA, V0, PP1, DOI 10.4230/OASICS.ATMOS.2015.1
   Balado J, 2019, ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM, V148, P184, DOI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.01.004
   Davies SEH, 2006, ERGONOMICS, V49, P651, DOI 10.1080/00140130600558023
   Dawid W, 2021, SENSORS-BASEL, V21, P0, DOI 10.3390/s21144682
   Dijkstra E, 1900, V1, V0, PP269, DOI 10.1007/BF01386390
   Dudas PM, 2009, MDM: 2009 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOBILE DATA MANAGEMENT, V0, PP720, DOI 10.1109/MDM.2009.123
   Furman A, 2012, SUSTAINABLE CITY 7 U, V1, P23, DOI 10.2495/SC120031
   Goldstone RL, 2006, COMPLEXITY, V11, P43, DOI 10.1002/cplx.20135
   Grachek A, 2021, INDIVIDUALIZED PEDESTRIAN AND MICROMOBILITY ROUTING INCORPORATING STATIC AND DYNAMIC PARAMETERS, V0, P0
   Helbing D, 1997, NATURE, V388, P47, DOI 10.1038/40353
   HELBING D, 1995, PHYS REV E, V51, P4282, DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.51.4282
   Jha Manoj K, 2010, RECENT ADVANCES IN COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND APPLICATIONS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH WSEAS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND APPLICATIONS (CEA 2010), V0, P188
   Knoflacher H, 1987, VERKEHRSPLANUNG FUR DEN MENSCHEN, V0, P0
   Koritsoglou K, 2022, INFORMATION, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/info13060269
   Kreller I, 2021, JOURNAL OF NETWORKING TECHNOLOGY, V12, P95, DOI 10.6025/jnt/2021/12/4/95-107
   Lejeune TM, 1998, J EXP BIOL, V201, P2071
   Lynch K, 1960, THE IMAGE OF THE CITY, V0, P0
   Ma L, 2024, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V51, P479, DOI 10.1177/23998083231184884
   Malone L, 2018, DESIRE LINES, V0, P0
   MARGARIA R, 1963, J APPL PHYSIOL, V18, P367, DOI 10.1152/jappl.1963.18.2.367
   MINETTI AE, 1993, J PHYSIOL-LONDON, V472, P725, DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.1993.sp019969
   Miranda AS, 2021, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V86, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101563
   Páez A, 2020, J TRANSP GEOGR, V82, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2019.102564
   Pan Z, 2009, THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA AND UBIQUITOUS ENGINEERING (MUE 2009), V0, PP485, DOI 10.1109/MUE.2009.86
   Persson PO, 2004, SIAM REV, V46, P329, DOI 10.1137/S0036144503429121
   Pinnington HC, 2001, J SCI MED SPORT, V4, P416, DOI 10.1016/S1440-2440(01)80051-7
   SOULE RG, 1972, J APPL PHYSIOL, V32, P706, DOI 10.1152/jappl.1972.32.5.706
   Tarapata Z, 2003, JOURNAL OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, V4, P7
   TRB, 2011, ITE PUBLICATION, VLP-674, P0
   ULRICH RS, 1991, J ENVIRON PSYCHOL, V11, P201, DOI 10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80184-7
   Ungvarai A, 2016, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V161, P1174, DOI 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.534
   van Nes A, 2021, INTRO SPACE SYNTAX U, V0, PP171, DOI 10.1007/978-3-030-59140-3
   van Toll W, 2016, P 9 INT C MOT GAM, V0, PP91, DOI 10.1145/2994258.2994262
   van Toll W, 2020, COMPUT GRAPH-UK, V91, P52, DOI 10.1016/j.cag.2020.06.006
   Voloshina AS, 2013, J EXP BIOL, V216, P3963, DOI 10.1242/jeb.081711
   Wilson EO, 1984, P1, V0, P0
   Xu YC, 2015, AER ADV ENG RES, V28, P309
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD MAR 15
PY 2026
VL 170
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106705
EA DEC 2025
PG 12
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA X7583
UT WOS:001640928300001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Huang, XR
   Zeng, L
   Wang, YD
   Liang, HX
   Xu, XW
   White, M
AF Huang, Xiaoran
   Zeng, Li
   Wang, Yidan
   Liang, Hanxiong
   Xu, Xiaowen
   White, Marcus
TI From neighborhoods to streetscapes: Pandemic-era shifts in built-environment effects on pedestrian mobility
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrian mobility; Built environment; Streetscape adaptation; COVID-19; Urban resilience
ID active travel; covid-19; impact; volume; demand; space; seoul; flow
AB Understanding how pedestrian behavior responds to disruptions is essential for not only for enhancing urban resilience and risk preparedness, but also for informing effective urban regeneration strategies. Addressing existing limitations in pedestrian mobility research, particularly regarding feature selection, data precision, and spatial scale, this study develops a pedestrian flow prediction framework driven by neighborhood-level, street-level, and temporal-weather datasets within Melbourne's Central Business District. By examining interactions and evolutionary trends between pedestrian mobility and the built environment across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods, our analysis highlights three key findings: (1) Deep neural networks demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy among seven tested machine learning models, particularly under unstable travel conditions. (2) A notable shift was observed in pedestrian mobility's reliance on built environment features, evolving from a pre-pandemic emphasis on neighborhood-scale attributes to a post-pandemic predominance of street-scale characteristics, accompanied by intensified cross-scale feature interactions. (3) The pandemic induced enduring changes in pedestrian mobility patterns and preferences, including reduced dependence on public transportation and heightened preference for greener, open, and walkable spaces. By integrating urban analytics, spatial adaptation, behavioral resilience, and mobility justice, this research provide empirical insights to advance more inclusive and future-oriented urban planning, resilient and spatial renewal strategies.
C1 [Huang, Xiaoran; Zeng, Li; Liang, Hanxiong; Xu, Xiaowen] North China Univ Technol, Sch Architecture & Art, Beijing 100144, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Xiaoran; White, Marcus] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Design Innovat, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
   [Wang, Yidan] Open Univ China, Sch Comp Sci, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
C3 North China University of Technology; Swinburne University of Technology
RP Huang, XR (通讯作者)，North China Univ Technol, Sch Architecture & Art, Beijing 100144, Peoples R China.
EM xiaoran.huang@ncut.edu.cn; 2021312130117@mail.ncut.edu.cn; wangyidan@ouchn.edu.cn; 2022315040120@mail.ncut.edu.cn; 2024312130121@mail.ncut.edu.cn; marcuswhite@swin.edu.au
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52208039]; Australian Research Council Linkage Project [LP190100089]; R & D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission [110052972508-06]
CR Alexandropoulos SAN, 2019, KNOWL ENG REV, V34, P0, DOI 10.1017/S026988891800036X
   Alipour D, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su15086447
   Angel A, 2024, CITIES, V151, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105111
   Asher M, 2023, AGILE: GISCIENCE SERIES, V4, P18
   Badland H, 2015, HOW LIVEABLE IS MELBOURNE. CONCEPTUALISING AND TESTING URBAN LIVEABILITY INDICATORS: PROGRESS TO DATE, V0, P0
   Barnett DW, 2017, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V14, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-017-0558-z
   Baum S, 2022, PANDEMIC CITIES: THE COVID-19 CRISIS AND AUSTRALIAN URBAN REGIONS, V0, P95
   Beck MJ, 2020, TRANSPORT POLICY, V96, P76, DOI 10.1016/j.tranpol.2020.07.001
   Benhadou M, 2024, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING (IJECE), V14, P5848, DOI 10.11591/ijece.v14i5.pp5848-5857
   Bhattacharya A, 2022, APPLIED MACHINE LEARNING EXPLAINABILITY TECHNIQUES: MAKE ML MODELS EXPLAINABLE AND TRUSTWORTHY FOR PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS USING LIME, V0, P0
   Cambra P, 2020, J TRANSP HEALTH, V16, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2019.100797
   Carter E, 2020, J MANAG ANAL, V7, P173, DOI 10.1080/23270012.2020.1741039
   Chalabi G, 2024, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V16, P0, DOI 10.3390/su16177289
   Cohen A, 2019, P ICA, V2, P20
   Cohen A, 2020, T GIS, V24, P1264, DOI 10.1111/tgis.12674
   Crosby Teri, 1994, TECHNOMETRICS, V36, P315, DOI 10.2307/1269377
   Currie G, 2021, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V153, P218, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2021.09.009
   Dhanani A, 2017, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V103, P54, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2017.05.020
   Dobler G, 2021, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V89, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2021.101674
   Dominguez-Mujica J, 2022, BELGEO. REVUE BELGE DE GEOGRAPHIE, V3, P0
   Dwivedi YK, 2020, INT J INFORM MANAGE, V55, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102211
   Elzeni MM, 2022, CITIES, V129, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103840
   Ewing R, 2001, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP87, DOI 10.3141/1780-10
   Fang CY, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su141811636
   Fatmi MR, 2020, J URBAN MANAG, V9, P270, DOI 10.1016/j.jum.2020.08.002
   Feng Y, 2021, BUILD ENVIRON, V187, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107329
   Filomena G, 2021, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V86, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2020.101573
   Finger F, 2016, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V113, P6421, DOI 10.1073/pnas.1522305113
   Foltête JC, 2007, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V81, P225, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.12.001
   Giraka O, 2020, TRANSP LETT, V12, P483, DOI 10.1080/19427867.2019.1645476
   Gkiotsalitis K, 2021, TRANSPORT REV, V41, P374, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2020.1857886
   Gori S, 2014, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP38, DOI 10.3141/2464-05
   Gu GB, 2024, SENSORS-BASEL, V24, P0, DOI 10.3390/s24217045
   Hahm Y, 2017, HABITAT INT, V70, P50, DOI 10.1016/j.habitatint.2017.10.002
   Hajrasouliha A, 2015, URBAN STUD, V52, P2483, DOI 10.1177/0042098014544763
   Hankey S, 2021, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V90, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2020.102651
   Hankey S, 2017, J TRANSP HEALTH, V7, P149, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2017.08.009
   Hermida C, 2019, INT J SUSTAIN TRANSP, V13, P777, DOI 10.1080/15568318.2018.1514445
   Heydecker BJ, 2009, EVALUATION OF PEDESTRIAN PRIORITY ZONES IN THE EUROPEAN AREA, V0, P0
   Huang XR, 2024, SCI REP-UK, V14, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-78041-x
   Huang XR, 2025, ARCHIT SCI REV, V68, P263, DOI 10.1080/00038628.2024.2410731
   Barrero LH, 2013, UNIV PSYCHOL, V12, P433, DOI 10.11144/Javeriana.UPSY12-2.pbrc
   Hunter RF, 2024, LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH, V9, Pe896, DOI 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00222-6
   Jiang FF, 2022, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V79, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103653
   Jiang YX, 2021, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V101, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2021.103096
   Jiao JC, 2021, LAND-BASEL, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/land10060655
   Jin CJ, 2024, CASE STUD TRANSP POL, V17, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cstp.2024.101220
   Kaziyeva D, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V105, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2023.102021
   Kim CE, 2019, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 14TH INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION, V0, P0
   Kim EJ, 2020, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V17, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph17041261
   Kraemer MUG, 2020, SCIENCE, V368, P493, DOI 10.1126/science.abb4218
   Kuglitsch MM, 2024, NATURE, V634, P27, DOI 10.1038/d41586-024-03149-z
   Kwon JH, 2022, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V174, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106757
   Lee G, 2015, J ASIAN ARCHIT BUILD, V14, P395, DOI 10.3130/jaabe.14.395
   Lee S, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su12208647
   Lee S, 2017, J ASIAN ARCHIT BUILD, V16, P147, DOI 10.3130/jaabe.16.147
   Leys C, 2013, J EXP SOC PSYCHOL, V49, P764, DOI 10.1016/j.jesp.2013.03.013
   Li W, 2021, HUMAN-CENTERED URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN IN CHINA, VII, P0
   Lian HT, 2025, FRONT ARCHIT RES, V14, P630, DOI 10.1016/j.foar.2024.10.006
   Liu JK, 2023, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V235, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2023.104752
   Liu MH, 2021, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi10070455
   Lu TJ, 2017, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V53, P193, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2017.04.017
   Mahajan T, 2021, P 2021 COMPUTER SCI, V6, P22
   Makkar G, 2020, ADV INTELL SYST, V1042, P529, DOI 10.1007/978-981-32-9949-8_37
   Medina-Salgado B, 2022, SUSTAIN COMPUT-INFOR, V35, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.suscom.2022.100739
   Miah MM, 2023, TRANSPORTATION, V50, P1631, DOI 10.1007/s11116-022-10290-z
   Munawar HS, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13179611
   Nikiforiadis A, 2022, CITIES, V125, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103662
   Omer I, 2017, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V64, P57, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2017.01.007
   Ozbil A, 2019, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V16, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph16101846
   Park K, 2023, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2677, P448, DOI 10.1177/03611981221083606
   Paul D, 2023, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V15, P0, DOI 10.3390/su15031874
   Paydar M, 2022, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V19, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph192214625
   Pfiester LM, 2021, J TRANSP GEOGR, V95, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103151
   Politis I, 2021, EUR TRANSP RES REV, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12544-021-00481-7
   Rajput AA, 2022, FRONT BUILT ENVIRON, V7, P0, DOI 10.3389/fbuil.2021.654409
   Ren C, 2024, HELIYON, V10, P0
   Rice William L, 2020, JOURNAL OF URBAN ECOLOGY, V6, Pjuaa020, DOI 10.1093/jue/juaa020
   Sevtsuk A, 2021, PLOS ONE, V16, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0257534
   Sevtsuk A, 2021, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V87, P512, DOI 10.1080/01944363.2020.1864758
   Shakibaei S, 2021, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V65, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2020.102619
   Shlayan N, 2016, 2016 IEEE 19TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS (ITSC), V0, PP229, DOI 10.1109/ITSC.2016.7795559
   Shokouhyar S, 2021, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V67, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2021.102714
   Sinnott RO, 2020, 2020 IEEE ASIA PACIF, V0, P1
   Song J, 2023, HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS, V10, P1
   Song JH, 2020, SUSTAIN CITIES SOC, V60, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scs.2020.102153
   Tao T, 2023, J PLAN EDUC RES, V43, P637, DOI 10.1177/0739456X20915765
   Varga ZG, 2023, J ADV TRANSPORT, V2023, P0, DOI 10.1155/2023/1693422
   Wang D, 2020, ARXIV, V0, P0
   Wang Peirong, 2024, 2024 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS, V0, P1226, DOI 10.1109/CISCE62493.2024.10653368
   Wang XJ, 2017, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 14TH EAI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOBILE AND UBIQUITOUS SYSTEMS: COMPUTING, V0, P1, DOI 10.1145/3144457.3152355
   Winters M, 2015, SOC SCI MED, V133, P304, DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.07.006
   Wohlrab M, 2022, EUR REV AGING PHYS A, V19, P0, DOI 10.1186/s11556-022-00310-3
   Wolpert L, 2025, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V117, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2024.102238
   Wozniak M, 2024, SIMUL-T SOC MOD SIM, V100, P0, DOI 10.1177/00375497231212543
   Wu Y, 2019, FACEBOOK AI RESEARCH, V0, P0
   Xing ZL, 2024, HUM SOC SCI COMMUN, V11, P0, DOI 10.1057/s41599-024-04015-z
   Xiong CF, 2020, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V117, P27087, DOI 10.1073/pnas.2010836117
   Yuan P, 2023, JOURNAL OF PLANNING EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1177/0739456X231184607
   Zeng Q, 2024, APPL GEOGR, V167, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2024.103274
   Zhang Wen Zhang Wen, 2005, CURRENT ISSUES IN TOURISM, V8, P22, DOI 10.1080/13683500508668203
   Zhang XC, 2022, TRANSPORT RES C-EMER, V143, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trc.2022.103854
   Zhuang D , 2024, ARXIV, V0, P0
NR 103
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 21
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD MAR 15
PY 2026
VL 170
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2025.106685
EA NOV 2025
PG 17
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA F3263
UT WOS:001623429800001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Yildirim, OC
   Sungur, A
   Ozer, DG
AF Yildirim, Ozge Ceylin
   Sungur, Asli
   Ozer, Derya Gulec
TI Understanding measurement of walkability in urban environments: a systematic review and research agenda
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE Walkability; urban environment; walkability dimensions and criteria; measurement methods; walkability assesment; a systematic review
ID neighborhood walkability; built environment; physical-activity; walking; adults; audit; community; children; tool
AB Walkability, a multifaceted field spanning spatial, psychological, personality, cultural, and social aspects, lacks comprehensive literature reviews that bridge its connections to architecture, urban design, and planning. This research addresses this gap by conducting a thorough analysis of walkability research trends over a decade (2013-2023), aiming to provide a comprehensive taxonomy that encompasses critical aspects such as environments the scope of analysis, research profile, walkability dimensions, and criteria, data types, data collection tools, analysis methodologies, and overall contributions. The aims of this systematic review are to (i) provide a taxonomy of walkability, including issues, settings, analysis scope, research profile, dimensions, and criteria; (ii) systematically summarize the quantitative and qualitative methods employed in the analysis; (iii) identify research trends; issues, gaps, purpose, and future directions for walkability studies. Based on 153 systematically searched and synthesized articles, the study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, which involves meticulously searching databases such as Web of Science and Scopus. A wide range of urban scales, from macro to micro, including city, neighbourhood, and street-level evaluations, the analyses focus on walking behaviour and walkability using a general user profile. A quantitative approach is commonly used in most studies, with a measurement-based approach using specific tools/software and a perception-based approach using surveys to analyze spatial data from the physical dimensions of walkability. The review underscores the need for a standardized classification system to enhance cross-disciplinary research in walkability, asserting its pivotal role in addressing global challenges and fostering walkable urban environments.
C1 [Yildirim, Ozge Ceylin] Nigde Omer Halisdemir Univ, Dept Architecture, Nigde, Turkiye.
   [Yildirim, Ozge Ceylin; Sungur, Asli] Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Architecture, Istanbul, Turkiye.
   [Ozer, Derya Gulec] Istanbul Tech Univ, Dept Architecture, Istanbul, Turkiye.
C3 Nigde Omer Halisdemir University; Yildiz Technical University; Istanbul Technical University
RP Yildirim, OC (通讯作者)，Nigde Omer Halisdemir Univ, Dept Architecture, Nigde, Turkiye.; Yildirim, OC (通讯作者)，Yildiz Tech Univ, Dept Architecture, Istanbul, Turkiye.
EM oceylin@yildiz.edu.tr
FU Scientific Research Project [5159]; Yildiz Technical University
CR Abastante F, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su12198131
   Adams MA, 2014, INT J HEALTH GEOGR, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1476-072X-13-43
   Adkins A, 2012, J URBAN DES, V17, P499, DOI 10.1080/13574809.2012.706365
   Adlakha D, 2016, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph13040401
   Al Shammas T, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V103, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2023.101981
   Alabi MO, 2021, URBAN, V0, P0
   Appleyard D, 1981, LIVABLE STREETS, V0, P0
   Artigues G, 2020, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V17, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph17186631
   Assembly UG, 2015, TRANSF OUR WORLD 203, V0, P0
   Badland H, 2023, CHILD GEOGR, V21, P1087, DOI 10.1080/14733285.2023.2192339
   Baobeid A, 2021, FRONT BUILT ENVIRON, V7, P0, DOI 10.3389/fbuil.2021.721218
   Barn B, 2017, PROCEEDINGS OF THE 10TH INNOVATIONS IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, V0, PP212, DOI 10.1145/3021460.3021489
   Bartzokas-Tsiompras A, 2023, J MAPS, V19, P0, DOI 10.1080/17445647.2022.2141143
   Bartzokas-Tsiompras A, 2021, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING, V16, P413, DOI 10.18280/ijsdp.160302
   Bartzokas-Tsiompras A, 2021, DATA BRIEF, V36, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107048
   Birenboim A, 2021, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V18, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph18020364
   Biswas G, 2023, GEOMAT ENVIRON ENG, V17, P5, DOI 10.7494/geom.2023.17.6.5
   Blecic I, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su12114405
   Blecic I, 2015, INT J GEOGR INF SCI, V29, P1350, DOI 10.1080/13658816.2015.1026824
   Boisjoly G, 2018, J TRANSP LAND USE, V11, P143, DOI 10.5198/jtlu.2018.1059
   Brookfield K, 2016, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph13111061
   Buck C, 2015, J URBAN HEALTH, V92, P24, DOI 10.1007/s11524-014-9915-2
   Cain KL, 2021, BMJ OPEN, V11, P0, DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046636
   Cain KL, 2017, J TRANSP HEALTH, V5, P84, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2017.05.004
   Campisi T, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su12229470
   Cerin E, 2013, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V13, P0, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-13-309
   Cerro-Herrero D, 2022, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V19, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph192114201
   Chen CX, 2020, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V17, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph17134620
   Cleland CL, 2021, J TRANSP HEALTH, V22, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2021.101226
   Cole R, 2015, HEALTH PLACE, V35, P60, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.06.011
   Consoli A, 2020, PLOS ONE, V15, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0242999
   Dalmat Ronit R, 2021, HEALTH PLACE, V72, P102700, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102700
   de Courrèges A, 2021, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V772, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144877
   De Vos J, 2023, TRANSPORT REV, V43, P303, DOI 10.1080/01441647.2022.2101072
   DELANDA M, 1993, S ATL QUART, V92, P793
   Duncan DT, 2014, ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP, V122, P1359, DOI 10.1289/ehp.1307704
   Erturan A, 2023, URBAN DES INT, V28, P52, DOI 10.1057/s41289-022-00209-6
   Erturan A, 2022, J URBAN DES, V27, P287, DOI 10.1080/13574809.2021.1988543
   Fancello G, 2020, SOCIO-ECON PLAN SCI, V72, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.seps.2020.100923
   Fina S, 2022, J TRANSP HEALTH, V27, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2022.101486
   Forsyth A, 2015, URBAN DES INT, V20, P274, DOI 10.1057/udi.2015.22
   Garau C, 2024, EUR PLAN STUD, V32, P211, DOI 10.1080/09654313.2020.1761947
   Gong WJ, 2023, LAND-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/land12071339
   Grasser G, 2017, EUR J PUBLIC HEALTH, V27, P145, DOI 10.1093/eurpub/ckw118
   Guevara-Quinchúa Y, 2023, HELIYON, V9, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20987
   Gullon Pedro, 2020, CITIES HEALTH, V4, P336, DOI 10.1080/23748834.2020.1715117
   Hassan DK, 2021, FRONT ARCHIT RES, V10, P516, DOI 10.1016/j.foar.2021.02.004
   Hatamzadeh Y, 2020, INT J URBAN SCI, V24, P173, DOI 10.1080/12265934.2019.1661273
   He G, 2021, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V21, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12889-021-10530-4
   Hijriyah L, 2024, OPEN HOUSE INT, V49, P63, DOI 10.1108/OHI-02-2023-0031
   Horak J, 2022, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V11, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi11050279
   Huang RZ, 2019, J TRANSP HEALTH, V12, P142, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2018.12.002
   Ige-Elegbede Janet, 2022, CITIES HEALTH, V6, P1004, DOI 10.1080/23748834.2020.1799173
   Jacobs J, 1961, DEATH LIFE GREAT AM, V0, P0
   James P, 2015, ENVIRON RES, V142, P703, DOI 10.1016/j.envres.2015.09.005
   Jardim B, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su141710933
   Jaskiewicz M, 2016, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph13111090
   Jeong I, 2023, SCI REP-UK, V13, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-43261-0
   Kang YG, 2023, ISPRS INT J GEO-INF, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijgi12050186
   Kato H, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13137442
   Keat LK, 2016, PLANNING MALAYSIA, V5, P101, DOI 10.21837/pm.v14i5.196
   Kerr J, 2016, ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP, V124, P290, DOI 10.1289/ehp.1409466
   Kim B, 2023, HEALTH PLACE, V79, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102943
   Kim Eun Jung, 2023, INT J ENVIRON RES PUBLIC HEALTH, V20, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph20054246
   Kim EJ, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su12010176
   Kim EJ, 2019, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V11, P0, DOI 10.3390/su11246915
   Kim H, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY, V12, P4246, DOI 10.3390/ijerph20054246
   Kim J, 2023, SCI REP-UK, V13, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-33132-z
   Kondo MC, 2022, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V19, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph19052779
   Koohsari MJ, 2021, PREV MED REP, V23, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101393
   Kwon K, 2022, J TRANSP GEOGR, V100, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2022.103319
   Lame G, 2019, INT C ENG DESIGN, V1, P1633
   Lee S, 2020, J TRANSP HEALTH, V18, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100880
   Leyden KM, 2024, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V90, P101, DOI 10.1080/01944363.2022.2123382
   Li Y, 2019, IEEE 35 INT C DATA E, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1109/ICDE.2019.00090
   Liao BJ, 2020, TRANSPORT RES D-TR E, V85, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trd.2020.102390
   Lotfata A, 2022, ARCHNET-IJAR, V16, P495, DOI 10.1108/ARCH-09-2021-0240
   Mavros P, 2022, SCI REP-UK, V12, P0, DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-20649-y
   Meng SA, 2024, TRANSPORT RES REC, V2678, P527, DOI 10.1177/03611981231165023
   Monterde-I-Bort H, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14063482
   Moudon Anne Vernez, 2006, J PHYS ACT HEALTH, V3, PS99, DOI 10.1123/jpah.3.s1.s99
   Moura F, 2017, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V157, P282, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.07.002
   Mulyadi AM, 2022, TRANSP RES INTERDISC, V16, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.trip.2022.100695
   Oyeyemi AL, 2019, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V16, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph16111879
   Park SH, 2013, INT J URBAN SCI, V17, P142, DOI 10.1080/12265934.2013.776283
   Patch CM, 2021, TRANSL BEHAV MED, V11, P1751, DOI 10.1093/tbm/ibab098
   Pelclová J, 2014, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V11, P527, DOI 10.3390/ijerph110100527
   Portegijs E, 2017, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/ijerph14030333
   Rhoads D, 2023, COMPUT ENVIRON URBAN, V100, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101936
   Rodrigue L, 2022, J TRANSP LAND USE, V15, P709, DOI 10.5198/jtlu.2022.2234
   Rybarczyk G, 2023, ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN, V50, P2560, DOI 10.1177/23998083231161612
   Saadi I, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14010206
   Saelens BE, 2008, MED SCI SPORT EXER, V40, PS550, DOI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817c67a4
   Schmidt T, 2019, GERIATRICS-BASEL, V4, P0, DOI 10.3390/geriatrics4030041
   Scorza F, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13115835
   Shatu F, 2018, J TRANSP GEOGR, V70, P148, DOI 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.06.004
   Shields R, 2021, JOURNAL OF URBANISM: INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH ON PLACEMAKING AND URBAN SUSTAINABILITY, V0, P1, DOI 10.1080/17549175.2021.1936601
   Sou K, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13169066
   Southworth M, 2005, J URBAN PLAN DEV, V131, P246, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9488(2005)131:4(246)
   Stefanidis RM, 2022, URBANI IZZIV, V33, P115, DOI 10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2022-33-02-05
   Suez Canal University, 2021, J SUSTAIN SCI MANAG, V16, P235, DOI 10.46754/jssm.2021.04.017
   Tao YQ, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13041742
   Telega A, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13041883
   Lam TM, 2022, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V19, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12966-022-01270-8
   Tobin M, 2022, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V22, P0, DOI 10.1186/s12889-022-12747-3
   Ussery EN, 2019, J TRANSP HEALTH, V12, P75, DOI 10.1016/j.jth.2018.11.007
   van den Berg P, 2017, TRANSPORT RES A-POL, V106, P309, DOI 10.1016/j.tra.2017.09.021
   Van Dyck D, 2013, HEALTH PLACE, V19, P59, DOI 10.1016/j.healthplace.2012.09.017
   Vichiensan V, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13126825
   Wang H, 2019, CITIES, V93, P43, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2019.04.015
   Wang R, 2022, J URBAN PLAN DEV, V148, P0, DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000872
   Wasfi R, 2017, PLOS ONE, V12, P0, DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0189472
   Wimbardana R, 2018, J REG CITY PLAN, V29, P57, DOI 10.5614/jrcp.2018.29.1.5
   Wunderlich FM, 2008, J URBAN DES, V13, P125, DOI 10.1080/13574800701803472
   Xia ZL, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/su10113879
   Yang Y, 2023, LAND-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/land12010153
   Yildirim OC, 2023, FRONT ARCHIT RES, V12, P1097, DOI 10.1016/j.foar.2023.07.004
   Yoon J, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su122410447
   Yuan K, 2022, URBAN SCI, V6, P0, DOI 10.3390/urbansci6030044
   Zafri NM, 2021, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V13, P0, DOI 10.3390/su13126975
   Zaleckis K, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su14042033
   Zeng P, 2022, FRONT PUBLIC HEALTH, V10, P0, DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1086277
   Zhang JX, 2023, INT J URBAN SCI, V27, P543, DOI 10.1080/12265934.2021.1899845
   Zhang YB, 2022, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V14, P0, DOI 10.3390/su142215472
   Zhang ZH, 2020, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V12, P0, DOI 10.3390/su122310116
   Zhou QH, 2022, INT REV SPAT PLAN SU, V10, P4, DOI 10.14246/irspsd.10.3_4
   Žnidaršič K, 2021, URBANI IZZIV, V32, P57, DOI 10.5379/urbani-izziv-en-2021-32-supplement-4
   Zuniga-Teran AA, 2016, FRONT ARCHIT RES, V5, P433, DOI 10.1016/j.foar.2016.09.004
NR 128
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 18
U2 67
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1226-5934
EI 2161-6779
J9 INT J URBAN SCI
JI Int. J. Urban Sci.
PD JAN 2
PY 2026
VL 30
IS 1
BP 197
EP 226
DI 10.1080/12265934.2024.2438189
EA DEC 2024
PG 30
WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA DV5NL
UT WOS:001380175300001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

