PT J
AU Crump, MS
   Singleton, P
   Torres-Rua, A
   Pack, AB
AF Crump, Matthew S.
   Singleton, Patrick
   Torres-Rua, Alfonso
   Pack, Adam B.
TI Active Transportation Routes Using Canal Corridors: Decision Tools in Creating Successful Canal Trail Projects
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID spaces; water
AB There is an increasing need for active transportation infrastructure throughout the United States, especially in rapidly developing urban areas. In places with current and historical agricultural developments, such as in the Intermountain West, canal corridors offer ideal locations for siting shared-use paths because they are linear, flat, and have an interlaced presence within communities. The purpose of this study is to summarize the challenges of establishing canal trails and provide valuable insights and tools that can be used to resolve those challenges, using Utah as an example. To accomplish this, the study applied qualitative methods by reviewing various case studies of past canal trail projects and interviewing stakeholders for future projects. The study found that land ownership, maintenance, safety, liability, funding, and privacy are the main concerns of stakeholders involved in canal trail projects. Each of these concerns are discussed in detail including common solutions to overcome them. The main tools used in successful projects include long-term planning, stakeholder collaboration, iterative design, and active public involvement. The study also provides insights on canal trail design, including trail widths, trail types, and possible corridor cross sections. (C) 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Crump, Matthew S.; Singleton, Patrick; Torres-Rua, Alfonso; Pack, Adam B.] Utah State Univ, 4110 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
C3 Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University
RP Crump, MS (通讯作者)，Utah State Univ, 4110 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM matthew.crump@usu.edu; patrick.singleton@usu.edu; alfonso.torres@usu.edu; adam.pack@usu.edu
FU Utah Department of Transportation [20.505]
CR Biscaya S, 2021, CITIES, V110, P0, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2020.103042
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   UDR (Utah Division of Recreation), 2021, UT DIV AIR QUAL 2020, V0, P0
   UGOED (Utah Governors Office of Economic Development), 2021, OFF OUTD RECR, V0, P0
   UGOEO (Utah Governors Office of Economic Opportunity), 2021, UT OUTD RECR GRANT, V0, P0
   Utah-Code, 2021, 591222 UT COD, V0, P0
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   Utah-Legislation, 2007, GOV IMM TRAILS, V0, P0
   Vaeztavakoli A, 2018, SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL, V10, P0, DOI 10.3390/su10114010
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 18
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD SEP 1
PY 2022
VL 148
IS 3
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000854
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 2Y2UK
UT WOS:000825756700026
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Padmakumar, A
   Patil, GR
AF Padmakumar, Athul
   Patil, Gopal R.
TI COVID-19 effects on urban driving, walking, and transit usage trends: Evidence from Indian metropolitan cities
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE COVID-19; Google and Apple mobility data; Travel modes; Generalized linear mixed effects mode; Indian cities
ID lockdown period; transport; patterns; impact
AB The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted all walks of life, including the transportation sector. Fear of the contagion coupled with government regulations to restrict mobility altered the travel behavior of the public. This study proposes integrating freely accessible aggregate mobility datasets published by tech giants Apple and Google, which opens a broader avenue for mobility research in the light of difficult data collection circumstances. A comparative analysis of the changes in usage of different mobility modes during the national lockdown and unlock policy periods across 6 Indian cities (Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai, and Pune) explain the spatio-temporal differences in mode usages. The study shows a preference for individual travel modes (walking and driving) over public transit. Comparisons with pre-pandemic mode shares present evidence of inertia in the choice of travel modes. Association investigations through generalized linear mixed-effects models identify income, vehicle registrations, and employment rates at the city level to significantly impact the com-munity mobility trends. The methods and interpretations from this study benefit government, planners, and researchers to boost informed policymaking and implementation during a future emergency demanding mobility regulations in the high-density urban conglomerations.
C1 [Padmakumar, Athul; Patil, Gopal R.] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
C3 Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Bombay
RP Patil, GR (通讯作者)，Indian Inst Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Mumbai 400076, Maharashtra, India.
EM gpatil@iitb.ac.in
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NR 81
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JUL 15
PY 2022
VL 126
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103697
EA APR 2022
PG 15
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 1D3QX
UT WOS:000793719300002
PM 35431390
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Yin, L
   Patterson, K
   Silverman, R
   Wu, LY
   Zhang, H
AF Yin, Li
   Patterson, Kelly
   Silverman, Robert
   Wu, Laiyun
   Zhang, Hao
TI Neighbourhood accessibility and walkability of subsidised housing in shrinking US cities
SO URBAN STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE built environment; housing; neighbourhood
ID built environment; physical-activity; walk score(r); emily talen; urban form; validation; buffalo; field; city
AB This article advances the discussion of subsidised housing and accessible and walkable neighbourhoods by focusing on the characteristics of cities experiencing population decline. We examine the neighbourhood context of subsidised housing with respect to walkability and accessibility in shrinking cities using Walk Score and a walkability index that considers the unique neighbourhood dynamics in these cities and access to anchor institutions and transit. Our results confirm recent studies that the majority of HUD units are in less walkable neighbourhoods and with low access to anchor institutions. Our results support the inclusion of more refined walkability and accessibility measures in affordable housing siting criteria. These measures would encourage the development of revitalisation strategies with enhanced walkability, services and transit.
C1 [Yin, Li; Patterson, Kelly; Silverman, Robert; Wu, Laiyun; Zhang, Hao] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY USA.
C3 State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY
RP Yin, L (通讯作者)，SUNY Buffalo, Urban & Reg Planning, South Campus,3435 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA.
EM liyin@buffalo.edu
FU US Department of Housing and Urban Development
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NR 45
TC 11
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 56
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0042-0980
EI 1360-063X
J9 URBAN STUD
JI Urban Stud.
PD FEB 15
PY 2022
VL 59
IS 2
BP 323
EP 340
DI 10.1177/0042098020962413
EA NOV 2020
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA YO3VP
UT WOS:000657880500001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, WJ
   Lu, DM
   Zhao, YJ
   Luo, XY
   Yin, J
AF Zhang, Wenjia
   Lu, Daming
   Zhao, Yajing
   Luo, Xueyao
   Yin, Jie
TI Incorporating polycentric development and neighborhood life-circle planning for reducing driving in Beijing: Nonlinear and threshold analysis
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Regional accessibility; Local land use; Polycentric development; Neighborhood life-circle planning; Nonlinear and threshold effects; Gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT)
ID built environment; vehicle travel; car ownership; land-use; accessibility; jobs; inequality; congestion; policy; city
AB This study adopts a gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model to contrast the relative importance of improving regional accessibility versus local land use for reducing driving distance, as well as their nonlinear and threshold effects. The nonlinear analysis allows us to scrutinize the effective impact scopes of urban and sub -urban centers, which can provide planning guidelines for polycentric development, while threshold effects can help planners determine normative ranges of land use settings for planning pedestrian-scale neighborhoods (e.g., the 15-minute life-circle plan in China). Based on a 2017 travel diary survey in Beijing, empirical findings reveal the synergistic effects of the proximities to urban and suburban centers on driving distance, demonstrating the importance of polycentric development for reduced driving. In addition, many local land use variables have distinctive threshold effects, including local access to daily facilities and density indicators. For driving reduc-tion, effective densities of health, civil, and retail/service facilities are around 15, 10, and 200 establishments (points of interest) per km2, respectively. These findings demonstrate the importance of nonlinear and threshold analysis and suggest incorporating polycentric development and neighborhood life-circle planning would lower vehicle use in Beijing.
C1 [Zhang, Wenjia; Lu, Daming; Zhao, Yajing; Luo, Xueyao; Yin, Jie] Peking Univ, Sch Urban Planning & Design, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Wenjia; Yin, Jie] Peking Univ, Key Lab Earth Surface Syst & Human Earth Relat, Minist Nat Resources China, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
C3 Peking University; Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKU Shenzhen); Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School (PKU Shenzhen); Ministry of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China; Peking University
RP Zhang, WJ (通讯作者)，Peking Univ, Sch Urban Planning & Design, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Zhang, WJ (通讯作者)，Peking Univ, Key Lab Earth Surface Syst & Human Earth Relat, Minist Nat Resources China, Shenzhen Grad Sch, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM zhangwj@pkusz.edu.cn; ludm@pku.edu.cn; zhyjchya@pku.edu.cn; luoxy@pku.edu.cn; yinj@pkusz.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [42171201, 41801158, 42071203]; Shenzhen Municipal Natural Science Foundation [GXWD20201231165807007-20200810223326001, JCYJ20190808173611341]
CR BMBS (Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics), 2018, BEIJ STAT YB 2017, V0, P0
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NR 63
TC 66
Z9 70
U1 6
U2 263
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD FEB 15
PY 2022
VL 121
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2021.103488
EA JAN 2022
PG 13
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 1D1ZX
UT WOS:000793607100011
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Feng, C
   Peponis, J
AF Feng, Chen
   Peponis, John
TI Algorithmic definitions of street network centrality sub-shapes: The case of superblocks
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Street network; superblock; space syntax; integration core; typology
ID connectivity
AB The shape and distribution of the most integrated streets, collectively called the integration core, is critical to the characterization of local and global street network types in the space syntax literature. The description of the shape, position, and distribution of integration cores relative to the underlying street networks, however, has remained largely intuitive. We propose analytic and algorithmic definitions of integration core types. We then study empirical and experimental superblock designs with rectangular boundaries, as a particular kind of urban spatial syntax. The analysis leads to a clear understanding of the different ways in which the local street network, internal to the superblock, is structured and interfaced with the perimeter. When used as part of an automated sorting and query process applied to a universe of experimentally generated designs, our definitions and algorithms provide new insights about the interplay between the local generators of street network differentiation and the emergent syntactic structures of the superblock as a whole.
C1 [Feng, Chen] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Architecture, Osquars Backe 5, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
   [Peponis, John] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Architecture, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
C3 Royal Institute of Technology; University System of Georgia; Georgia Institute of Technology
RP Feng, C (通讯作者)，KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Architecture, Osquars Backe 5, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM chenfeng@kth.se
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NR 21
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 22
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD NOV 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 9
BP 2451
EP 2466
DI 10.1177/23998083221098739
EA MAY 2022
PG 16
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 5Y7JP
UT WOS:000797870200001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Lima, FT
   Brown, NC
   Duarte, JP
AF Lima, Fernando T.
   Brown, Nathan C.
   Duarte, Jose P.
TI A grammar-based optimization approach for walkable urban fabrics considering pedestrian accessibility and infrastructure cost
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Shape grammars; multi-objective optimization; urban fabrics; walkability; infrastructure cost
ID multiobjective optimization; design optimization; genetic algorithms; shape grammar; nsga-ii; walking; travel; networks; systems
AB Designing urban areas that provide smaller distances to their amenities is a key factor toward more walkable environments. Moreover, this is a critical aspect of climate-resilient urban planning since it is broadly assumed that areas with greater walkability discourage automobile usage and reduce CO2 emissions. Generative and data-driven design approaches, in turn, increase designers' ability to explore wider sets of potential solutions. In this sense, identifying designs with an optimized performance out of the vast possibilities that computation can provide is crucial. Shape grammars are a formal method of shape generation that facilitate the elaboration of complex patterns and meaningful designs. This paper hypothesizes that coupling shape grammars with multi-objective optimization can help address trade-offs and decision-making in urban design. It focuses on the pedestrian accessibility and infrastructure cost (as estimated by cumulative street length) trade-off in urban fabrics as a case study to verify the suitability of a grammar-based optimization approach for more dynamic and efficient solution-finding in urban design. Our findings suggest that a grammar-based optimization approach is helpful in addressing urban trade-offs as it could be used to filter the design space and provide optimal alternative fabric layouts with increased pedestrian accessibility and decreased infrastructure cost.
C1 [Lima, Fernando T.; Duarte, Jose P.] Penn State Univ, Stuckeman Ctr Design Comp, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
   [Lima, Fernando T.] Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Juiz De Fora, Brazil.
   [Brown, Nathan C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
C3 Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
RP Lima, FT (通讯作者)，Penn State Univ, 121 Stuckeman Family Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM fernando.lima@arquitetura.ufjf.br
FU Stuckeman Center for Design Computing; Stuckeman School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, The Pennsylvania State University, United States; Brazilian Coordination of Superior Level Staff Improvement - CoordenacAo de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) [001]
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NR 58
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 30
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 5
BP 1489
EP 1506
DI 10.1177/23998083211048496
EA JAN 2022
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 1R0PN
UT WOS:000751068200001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Yu, CY
   Zhu, XM
   Lee, C
AF Yu, Chia-Yuan
   Zhu, Xuemei
   Lee, Chanam
TI Income and Racial Disparity and the Role of the Built Environment in Pedestrian Injuries
SO JOURNAL OF PLANNING EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE disparity; pedestrian safety; neighborhood planning; race; income; built environment
ID land-use; physical-activity; spatial-analysis; traffic safety; school travel; crashes; collisions; vehicle; level; model
AB This study examined the impacts of built environments on pedestrian-vehicle crashes with different levels of severity and the income and racial disparities related to different crash injuries in Austin, Texas. Arterial roads and commercial areas were associated with more injurious crashes. The presence of schools had a positive association with both injurious and no-injury crashes but only in areas with high percentages of nonwhites and poverty. This implies the importance of planning that separates pedestrians from vehicles in mixed-traffic commercial environments. Schools in areas with high percentages of minorities and poverty should be given priority for improvements of pedestrian safety.
C1 [Yu, Chia-Yuan] Univ Cent Florida, Sch Publ Adm, Urban & Reg Planning Program, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
   [Zhu, Xuemei] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Architecture, College Stn, TX USA.
   [Zhu, Xuemei] Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Hlth Syst & Design, College Stn, TX USA.
   [Lee, Chanam] Texas A&M Univ, Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, College Stn, TX USA.
C3 State University System of Florida; University of Central Florida; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
RP Yu, CY (通讯作者)，Sch Publ Adm, Urban & Reg Planning Program, 4364 Scorpius St, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
EM ychiayuan@gmail.com
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NR 58
TC 34
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 14
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0739-456X
EI 1552-6577
J9 J PLAN EDUC RES
JI J. Plan. Educ. Res.
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 42
IS 2
BP 136
EP 149
DI 10.1177/0739456X18807759
PG 14
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 1I1TT
UT WOS:000797019100002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Popescu, R
AF Popescu, Raluca
TI The culture of parking on the sidewalks
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sidewalks; Car parking; Automobility; Everyday practices; Public space
ID public space; urban; automobility; city; anthropology; geography; politics
AB It has long been known that automobility marginalizes other types of mobility inside cities. This is extremely visible in Bucharest, a city with a high density of people and cars. This research aims to understand car-pedestrian dynamics on residential sidewalks. While most research on the hegemony of the car has focused on the congested public spaces in commercial districts, I explore sidewalks in residential ones. The ethnographic data indicate that the parking practices in a central neighborhood of Bucharest blur the distinction between sidewalk and street, requiring new ways of conceptualizing the infrastructures of automobility and walking. The sidewalk is a space invaded by cars, and sectioned off and almost captured by the residents of adjacent prop-erties, all under the auspices of a generalized hostile privatism. This is aggravated by the lack of any involvement from the local authorities, which support car culture. Sidewalk parking in Bucharest has thus become the local emblem of a privatist culture of appropriating public space.
C1 [Popescu, Raluca] Univ Bucharest, Fac Sociol & Social Work, Dept Sociol, Bucharest, Romania.
C3 University of Bucharest
RP Popescu, R (通讯作者)，9 Schitu Magureanu,Sect 1, Bucharest, Romania.
EM raluca.popescu@sas.unibuc.ro
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NR 73
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD DEC 15
PY 2022
VL 131
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103888
EA AUG 2022
PG 10
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 5W7LX
UT WOS:000878093200004
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Li, X
   Farrukh, M
   Lee, CA
   Khreis, H
   Sarda, S
   Sohrabi, S
   Zhang, Z
   Dadashova, B
AF Li, Xiao
   Farrukh, Minaal
   Lee, Chanam
   Khreis, Haneen
   Sarda, Soham
   Sohrabi, Soheil
   Zhang, Zhe
   Dadashova, Bahar
TI COVID-19 impacts on mobility, environment, and health of active transportation users
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE COVID-19; Health assessment; Active transportation demand change; Air pollutant change; Built environment modification
ID google scholar; benefits; science; scopus; web
AB Active transportation could be an effective way to promote healthy physical activity, especially during pandemics like COVID-19. A comprehensive evaluation of health outcomes derived from COVID-19 induced active transportation can assist multiple stakeholders in revisiting strategies and priorities for supporting active transportation during and beyond the pandemic. We performed a two-step reviewing process by combining a scoping review with a narrative review to summarize published literature addressing the influence of COVID-19 on mobility and the environment that can lead to various health pathways and health outcomes associated with active transportation. We summarized the COVID-19 induced changes in active transportation demand, built environment, air quality, and physical activity. The results demonstrated that, since the pandemic began, bikesharing users dropped significantly while recreational bike trips and walking activities increased in some areas. Meanwhile, there have been favorable changes to the air quality and the built environment for active transportation users. We then discussed how these changes impact health outcomes during the pandemic and their implications for urban planning and policymaking. This review also suggests that walking and biking can make up for the reduced physical activities during the pandemic, helping people stay active and healthy.
C1 [Li, Xiao; Dadashova, Bahar] Texas A&M Transportat Inst, Bryan, TX USA.
   [Farrukh, Minaal] Texas A&M Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX USA.
   [Lee, Chanam] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, College Stn, TX USA.
   [Khreis, Haneen] Univ Cambridge, Sch Clin Med, Cambridge, England.
   [Sarda, Soham; Sohrabi, Soheil] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
   [Zhang, Zhe] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX USA.
   [Dadashova, Bahar] Texas A&M Transportat Inst, 1111 RELLIS Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807 USA.
C3 Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M Health Science Center; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Cambridge; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
RP Dadashova, B (通讯作者)，Texas A&M Transportat Inst, 1111 RELLIS Pkwy, Bryan, TX 77807 USA.
EM b-dadashova@tti.tamu.edu
FU Texas A&M Transportation Institute's Centre for Advancing Research in Transportation Emissions, Energy, and Health, a U.S. Department of Transportation's University Transportation Centre, College Station, TX [69A3551747128]
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NR 78
TC 30
Z9 36
U1 7
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD DEC 15
PY 2022
VL 131
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103886
EA AUG 2022
PG 13
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 6I4BD
UT WOS:000886071000002
PM 35935595
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Kim, SN
   Lee, H
AF Kim, Seung-Nam
   Lee, Hanwool
TI Capturing reality: Validation of omnidirectional video-based immersive virtual reality as a streetscape quality auditing method
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Streetscape audit; Pedestrian environment; Immersive virtual reality; Recorded virtual reality; Urban design
ID built environment; interrater reliability; measuring walkability; physical-activity; walk score(r); urban; view; city; visualization; design
AB Although many studies have developed indoor streetscape audit instruments, given the limitation of conventional image information, these have merely been optimized for auditing objective elements of a street. Against this backdrop, this study ascertains whether omnidirectional videos and fully immersive virtual experiences using head-mount displays can be applied to audit the subjective streetscape qualities, thereby replacing the field audit. The study conducts a series of experiments (test audits) using street view images, 360 VR video, and field experience, comparing them using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results show that VR audit generates results more consistent with the field audit than the street view based audit. In particular, 360 VR video is appropriate for auditing items related to the sense of space, behavioral qualities, and overall street atmosphere. This result unveils the possibility of a recorded VR-based visual assessment survey as a new indoor audit method for evaluating the quality of urban design, which is rarely addressed in existing streetscape audit tools due to its high subjectivity. However, intra-rater agreement estimates of a VR audit demonstrate that its reproducibility remains unreliable. Moreover, a VR audit is less cost-effective than other methods and is not adequate for auditing items that require sensory experience other than the audiovisual. Thus, even if a VR audit can replace much of the streetscape audit, the need for on-site experience remains unlikely to be replaced.
C1 [Kim, Seung-Nam] Chung Ang Univ, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Dept Urban Design & Studies, Seoul, South Korea.
   [Lee, Hanwool] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Architecture, Dept Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
C3 Chung Ang University; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
RP Lee, H (通讯作者)，Texas A&M Univ, Coll Architecture, Dept Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM list1205@gmail.com
FU National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [NRF-2018R1C1B6008235, 2021R1C1C1013336]
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NR 117
TC 34
Z9 38
U1 11
U2 72
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
EI 1872-6062
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD FEB 15
PY 2022
VL 218
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104290
PG 21
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA WW7XC
UT WOS:000718123400004
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Yu, PH
   Chen, YY
   Xu, QY
   Zhang, SJ
   Yung, EHK
   Chan, EHW
AF Yu, Peiheng
   Chen, Yiyun
   Xu, Qinyi
   Zhang, Shujin
   Yung, Esther Hiu Kwan
   Chan, Edwin Hon Wan
TI Embedding of spatial equity in a rapidly urbanising area: Walkability and air pollution exposure
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; Air pollution exposure; The built environment; Spatial equity; China
ID built environment; neighborhood walkability; physical inactivity; social inequality; healthy community; heart-disease; green spaces; river delta; walk score; travel
AB This paper investigates the spatial relationship between walkability and air pollution exposure via a spatial vertical equity lens, and discusses the possible bias of healthy spaces with a special focus on age groups and housing prices. The urban centre of Wuhan, China, a rapidly urbanising area, is taken as the study area. The findings obtained are: (i) spatial inequities of the urban-rural gradient are evident in terms of walkability and air pollution exposure, and the combinations of the two measurements divide the study area into high walkability-low pollution exposure spaces ("sweet spot' locations), low walkability-high pollution exposure spaces ("sour spot' locations), high walkability-high pollution exposure spaces ("risky spot' locations) and low walkability-low pollution exposure spaces; (ii) both minors and seniors were inequitably treated in healthy space allocation, but minors are at a more significant disadvantage than seniors; and (iii) the communities with low housing prices exhibit low walkability and high air pollution exposure, suggesting that healthy spaces are more likely observed in economically advantaged communities. The study proposes a spatial lens to investigate the importance of embedding the notion of vertical equity in the built environment, and thus provides a conceptual framework to support sustainable urban planning and public health.
C1 [Yu, Peiheng; Chen, Yiyun; Zhang, Shujin] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
   [Yu, Peiheng; Yung, Esther Hiu Kwan; Chan, Edwin Hon Wan] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Bldg & Real Estate, Hong Kong 999077, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Yiyun] Univ Cambridge, Ctr Dev Studies, Cambridge CB3 9DT, Cambridgeshire, England.
   [Xu, Qinyi] Peking Univ, Sch Int Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
   [Xu, Qinyi] Univ Cambridge, Dept Land Econ, Cambridge CB3 9EP, Cambridgeshire, England.
C3 Wuhan University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; University of Cambridge; Peking University; University of Cambridge
RP Chen, YY (通讯作者)，Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.
EM chenyy@whu.edu.cn
FU National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFD1100801]
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NR 123
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 9
U2 155
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD DEC 15
PY 2022
VL 131
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103942
EA AUG 2022
PG 17
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 4U2NR
UT WOS:000858637500004
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Logan, TM
   Hobbs, MH
   Conrow, LC
   Reid, NL
   Young, RA
   Anderson, MJ
AF Logan, T. M.
   Hobbs, M. H.
   Conrow, L. C.
   Reid, N. L.
   Young, R. A.
   Anderson, M. J.
TI The x-minute city: Measuring the 10, 15, 20-minute city and an evaluation of its use for sustainable urban design
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE 10-minute city; 15-minute city; 20-minute city; Transport planning; Urban planning; spatial accessibility; Active transport
ID quality-of-life; population health; accessibility; environment; equity; access
AB Cities worldwide have declared aspirations to become "10, 15, or 20-minute cities." This goal is often part of a strategy to reduce emissions and achieve sustainable and healthy urban design by encouraging walking and cycling. The 10, 15, or 20-minute city or neighbourhood - which, for generality, we refer to as the x-minute city - is a type of design aimed at reducing car dependence by enabling urban residents to walk or cycle to essential amenities within x minutes from their home. Due to the benefits which include sustainability, health, and social cohesion, the concept has been promoted by the international C40 Cities as part of their post-pandemic Green and Just Recovery Agenda. However, missing from the current rhetoric around these "cities of proximity" is clear guidance on evaluating progress towards this goal. In this paper, we contrast measurement approaches and discuss important considerations for planners adopting the x-minute city goal. To do this, we measure the proximity of the 500 largest cities in the USA and 43 urban areas of New Zealand. We also present an interactive tool to visualise and explore proximity within the urban areas.
C1 [Logan, T. M.; Hobbs, M. H.; Conrow, L. C.; Reid, N. L.; Young, R. A.; Anderson, M. J.] Univ Canterbury, Cluster Community & Urban Resilience CURe, Christchurch, New Zealand.
   [Logan, T. M.; Reid, N. L.; Young, R. A.; Anderson, M. J.] Univ Canterbury, Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Christchurch, New Zealand.
   [Hobbs, M. H.] Univ Canterbury, Fac Hlth, Christchurch, New Zealand.
   [Hobbs, M. H.] Univ Canterbury, Geospatial Res Inst, Geohlth Lab, Christchurch, New Zealand.
   [Conrow, L. C.] Univ Canterbury, Coll Sci, Sch Earth & Environm, Christchurch, New Zealand.
C3 University of Canterbury; University of Canterbury; University of Canterbury; University of Canterbury; University of Canterbury
RP Logan, TM (通讯作者)，Univ Canterbury, Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Christchurch, New Zealand.
EM tom.logan@canterbury.ac.nz
FU Univeristy of Canterbury's Cluster of Community and Urban Resilience
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NR 76
TC 248
Z9 283
U1 44
U2 453
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD DEC 15
PY 2022
VL 131
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103924
EA AUG 2022
PG 15
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 4U2NR
UT WOS:000858637500002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Lee, J
   Park, S
AF Lee, Jeeun
   Park, Sohyun
TI Investigating pedestrian connectivity within apartment complexes: a case study of Seoul and Singapore
SO LOCAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sustainability plans; walkability; pedestrian connectivity; apartment complexes; Seoul; Singapore
AB In present-day Asian cities characterised by apartment complexes-large clusters of apartment buildings with amenities-, constructing walkable apartment complexes is common, especially in Seoul and Singapore. However, scholars have criticised Seoul's apartment complexes for hindering walkable neighbourhoods, as opposed to Singapore's apartment complexes. Hence, we examined pedestrian connectivity within a 500-meter radius walking distance, which many researchers have recognised, inter alia, as an essential measure of walkability, of Seoul and Singapore's apartment complexes, unveiling their design distinctions from a pedestrian connectivity perspective. We analysed eight study sites representing each decade (1970s-2000s) in both cities, focusing on the three measures of intersections affecting pedestrian connectivity within apartment complexes: the number of urban street intersections, the number of intersections on the boundary of apartment complexes, and intersection density in an apartment complex. We found that Singapore's apartment complexes have a denser and more connected pedestrian network that is strongly integrated into a larger network of urban streets, leading to higher pedestrian connectivity within a 500-meter radius walking distance, than Seoul does. It is because, although, Seoul and Singapore's apartment complexes appear similar, their layouts differ on a micro-scale. Singapore sites adopt different designs, such as locating pedestrian accesses at varied locations at all apartment complex boundaries through the opened boundary and pilotis on the ground floor of apartment buildings and clustering more apartment complexes on each block. These findings contribute insights into planning and designing walkable apartment complexes, which have immense value and are in high demand in most Asian cities.
C1 [Lee, Jeeun] Hankyong Natl Univ, Sch Architecture & Design Convergence, Anseong, South Korea.
   [Park, Sohyun] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Architecture & Architectural Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
C3 Hankyong National University; Seoul National University (SNU)
RP Park, S (通讯作者)，Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Architecture & Architectural Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
EM sohyunp@snu.ac.kr
FU National Research Foundation of Korea [2019S1A5B5A0708851]
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NR 59
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 13
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1354-9839
EI 1469-6711
J9 LOCAL ENVIRON
JI Local Environ.
PD JUN 3
PY 2022
VL 27
IS 6
BP 697
EP 711
DI 10.1080/13549839.2022.2068141
EA JUN 2022
PG 15
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 1U3SR
UT WOS:000801119600001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Cui, DJ
   Zhang, Y
   Li, XY
   Yuan, L
   Mak, CM
   Kwok, K
AF Cui, Dongjin
   Zhang, Yu
   Li, Xiangyi
   Yuan, Lei
   Mak, Cheuk Ming
   Kwok, Kenny
TI Effects of different vertical facade greenery systems on pedestrian thermal comfort in deep street canyons
SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
LA English
DT Article
DE Outdoor thermal comfort; ENVI-met; Vertical greenery; Greenery arrangement; PET; Air quality
ID air-quality; microclimate; impact; roofs; wall; configurations; orientation; performance; improvement; simulation
AB Vertical greenery systems (VGSs) have been adopted in city planning operations to mitigate excess heat in hot and humid subtropical cities. This study focused on the influence of different arrangements of vertical greening on pedestrian thermal comfort and particulate matter with a diameter of 10 mu m (PM10) in street canyons. In this paper, the ENVI-met computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to investigate the effects of different facade greenery arrangements with the same amount of greenery in the Nan Hai Yi Ku (NHYK) industrial district. On-site measurements were used to validate the simulation results in a transition season. The results showed that greening facades could improve pedestrians' thermal comfort with physiological equivalent temperature (PET) value reductions varying from 0.17 degrees C to 1.4 degrees C. Under a certain amount of greenery, the critical factor determining pedestrians' thermal comfort was the coverage rate of the greening facade near the pedestrian level. Specifically, increasing the greening facade coverage near the lower parts of street canyons could enhance the pedestrian-level cooling effect. In addition, the VGSs positively affected the pedestrian-level air quality in the street canyons. Nevertheless, the changes in pedestrian-level PM10 concentration induced by the presence of VGSs were not very obvious under the building-parallel wind direction.
C1 [Cui, Dongjin; Zhang, Yu; Li, Xiangyi; Yuan, Lei] Shenzhen Univ, Sch Architecture & Urban Planning, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
   [Yuan, Lei; Mak, Cheuk Ming] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Bldg Serv Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Yuan, Lei; Kwok, Kenny] Univ Sydney, Sch Civil Engn, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
C3 Shenzhen University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; University of Sydney
RP Li, XY (通讯作者)，Shenzhen Univ, Sch Architecture & Urban Planning, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
EM lixiangyi@szu.edu.cn
FU National Key R&D Pro-gram of China, China [2020YFB2103503]; National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China, China [51908364]; Shenzhen Science and Technology Program, China [RCBS20210609103755112]
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NR 65
TC 46
Z9 50
U1 9
U2 181
PU ELSEVIER GMBH
PI MUNICH
PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 1618-8667
EI 1610-8167
J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE
JI Urban For. Urban Green.
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 72
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127582
EA MAY 2022
PG 13
WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies
GA 3I4OR
UT WOS:000832698800002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Simpson, J
   Freeth, M
   Simpson, KJ
   Thwaites, K
AF Simpson, James
   Freeth, Megan
   Simpson, Kimberley Jayne
   Thwaites, Kevin
TI Street edge subdivision: Structuring ground floor interfaces to stimulate pedestrian visual engagement
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Street edges; subdivision; ground floors; mobile eye-tracking; visual engagement; pedestrian
ID urban design
AB There have been numerous attempts to identify what makes the ground floor interfaces of street edges engaging for pedestrians. Their subdivision has often been highlighted as important, predominantly, in line with functions along their length. However, the effect of subdivision on street edge engagement is yet to be empirically tested. We use mobile eye-tracking to systematically examine where and for how long pedestrians visually engage ground floors in relation to their subdivision. We consider three scales of subdivision: morphologically defined plinths (different building ground floors), territorially defined segments (different areas of territorial ownership) and spatially defined micro-segments (different spaces separated by pillars and partitions). Results show that segments dominate ground floor visual engagement, with micro-segments also having a significant influence. Plinths were shown to have no direct effect upon such engagement. We subsequently use these findings to show how subdivision should be approached by design decision-makers when seeking to actively encourage pedestrian engagement with ground floors along street edges.
C1 [Simpson, James; Thwaites, Kevin] Univ Sheffield, Dept Landscape Architecture, Floor 12,Arts Tower,Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
   [Freeth, Megan] Univ Sheffield, Dept Psychol, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
   [Simpson, Kimberley Jayne] Univ Sheffield, Sch Biosci, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
C3 University of Sheffield; University of Sheffield; University of Sheffield
RP Simpson, J (通讯作者)，Univ Sheffield, Dept Landscape Architecture, Floor 12,Arts Tower,Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
EM j.c.simpson@sheffield.ac.uk
FU Economic and Social Research Council [ES/J500215/1]
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NR 46
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 48
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD JUL 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 6
BP 1775
EP 1791
DI 10.1177/23998083211068050
EA JAN 2022
PG 17
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 2J2WC
UT WOS:000758252100001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Song, JY
   Zhou, SH
   Kwan, MP
   Liang, S
   Lu, JW
   Jing, FR
   Wang, LS
AF Song, Jiangyu
   Zhou, Suhong
   Kwan, Mei-Po
   Liang, Shen
   Lu, Junwen
   Jing, Fengrui
   Wang, Linsen
TI The effect of eye-level street greenness exposure on walking satisfaction: The mediating role of noise and PM 2.5
SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
LA English
DT Article
DE Walking satisfaction; Street greenness exposure; Noise; Street view image; PM2.5
ID road-traffic noise; urban forests; air-pollution; travel affect; health; annoyance; environment; greenspace; experience; framework
AB While there are plenty of studies on the effects of neighborhood and park greenness on personal overall satisfaction and walking behavior, the relationship between street greenness exposure and walking satisfaction has received limited attention. Also, the possible pathways by which street greenness exposure affects walking satisfaction need to be further examined. To fill these research gaps, we measured eye-level street greenness using street view images, machine learning techniques and global position systems. A structural equation model was used to examine the mediating effects of objective noise and PM2.5 exposure and related subjective annoyance, on the relationship between street greenness exposure and people's walking satisfaction. The results showed that street greenness exposure not only had a significant direct effect on walking satisfaction, but also has a significant indirect effect on walking satisfaction through subjective environmental annoyances (including noise and PM2.5 annoyances) rather than through objective noise and PM2.5 exposures. Besides physical activity and social interaction, the indirect effect of street greenness exposure on walking satisfaction through subjective environmental pollution annoyance accounted for about 17.39% of the total effect and cannot be ignored. These results suggest that the urban greenness layout policy should not only consider residential greenness but should improve people's environmental perception and walking satisfaction by allocating more greenness on streets with high noise and PM2.5 levels.
C1 [Song, Jiangyu; Zhou, Suhong; Liang, Shen; Lu, Junwen; Wang, Linsen] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Geog & Planning, 132 Waihuandong Rd, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.
   [Song, Jiangyu; Zhou, Suhong; Lu, Junwen; Wang, Linsen] Guangdong Prov Engn Res Ctr Publ Secur & Disaster, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.
   [Kwan, Mei-Po] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Inst Space & Earth Informat Sci, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Kwan, Mei-Po] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog & Resource Management, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Jing, Fengrui] Univ South Carolina, Dept Geog, Geoinformat & Big Data Res Lab, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
C3 Sun Yat Sen University; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; University of South Carolina System; University of South Carolina Columbia
RP Zhou, SH (通讯作者)，Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Geog & Planning, 132 Waihuandong Rd, Guangzhou 510006, Peoples R China.
EM songjy7@mail2.sysu.edu.cn; eeszsh@mail.sysu.edu.cn; mpk654@gmail.com; liangsh65@mail2.sysu.edu.cn; lujunwen@mail2.sysu.edu.cn; fengrui@sc.edu; wangls3@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
FU Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province, China [2020B0202010002]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41871148, 71961137003]; Hong Kong Research Grants Council (General Research Fund) [14605920, 14611621, C4023-20GF, RMG 8601219, 8601242]
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NR 71
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 12
U2 131
PU ELSEVIER GMBH
PI MUNICH
PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 1618-8667
EI 1610-8167
J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE
JI Urban For. Urban Green.
PD NOV 15
PY 2022
VL 77
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127752
EA OCT 2022
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies
GA 5R7GV
UT WOS:000874675500002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Wang, R
   Wang, YH
   Zhang, Y
AF Wang, Rui
   Wang, Yanhui
   Zhang, Yu
TI International Methods and Local Factors of Walkability: A Bibliometric Analysis and Review
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Review
DE Walkability; Literature review; Bibliometric analysis; Measurement method; Influencing factor
ID neighborhood environment walkability; physical-activity; built environment; older-adults; recreational walking; microscale audit; objective measures; walkable neighborhoods; active transportation; street walkability
AB Improving walkability is critical for sustainable and livable urban development. Although numerous measures for walkability have been developed by researchers from different fields, systematic classification and comparisons are lacking. Few studies have discussed the inconsistency in the factors that influence walkability in different social contexts. To address these gaps, this study identified the significant researchers, keywords, and citations from papers that were collected between 2014 and 2021 through a bibliometric analysis to provide a basic understanding of walkability research. Then, subjective and objective, and neighborhood and street level measurement methods were distinguished for targeted use. Finally, the built environment factors and social factors that were found in the existing studies that influenced walkability were discussed separately. The findings of this study could help researchers from different fields to select the appropriate methods and factors and remind them that the sociocultural and socioeconomic causes of local differences should be fully considered in walkability assessments. In addition, due to the advantages of low cost and high efficiency, the automatic virtual audit should be recommended for future walkability studies.
C1 [Wang, Rui; Wang, Yanhui] Southeast Univ, Res Inst Architecture, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China.
   [Wang, Rui] Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Urban Sci & Syst, Urban Planning & Transportat Grp, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
   [Zhang, Yu] Southeast Univ, Sch Architecture, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China.
C3 Southeast University - China; Eindhoven University of Technology; Southeast University - China
RP Wang, R (通讯作者)，Southeast Univ, Res Inst Architecture, Sipailou 2, Nanjing 210096, Peoples R China.; Wang, R (通讯作者)，Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Urban Sci & Syst, Urban Planning & Transportat Grp, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
EM r.wang@tue.nl; wyh009@seu.edu.cn; yuazy@sina.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52178005, 51878143, 51978142]; Urban Planning and Transportation Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands
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NR 207
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 14
U2 177
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD DEC 1
PY 2022
VL 148
IS 4
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000872
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 5H3WP
UT WOS:000867612500018
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Marquart, H
   Schlink, U
   Nagendra, SMS
AF Marquart, Heike
   Schlink, Uwe
   Nagendra, S. M. Shiva
TI Complementing mobile measurements with Walking Interviews: a case study on personal exposure of commuters in Chennai, India
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE perceived environment; personal exposure; walking interview; qualitative GIS; air pollution; noise pollution
AB When commuters move around the city they are exposed to different environmental stressors, of which air and noise pollution have an especially adverse physical and mental health impact. Most exposure research uses sensor data (stationary or wearable) or closed questionnaires to measure personal exposure. However, these methods do not give insight into on-site perceptions of exposed individuals and their related behaviour. To address this, we discuss (1) existing methods to research perceived and measured exposure in transit and (2) introduce a novel mixed-method approach, which we tested in a case study in Chennai, India. We used Walking Interviews and GPS-tracking to investigate perceptions and behaviour regarding air and noise pollution on the move and combined it with data of wearable sensors. The results show that the perception of air and noise pollution is highly context-dependent. This mixed-method approach is advantageous for an investigation of perceived and objective exposure and the related behavioural patterns while moving around the city. Such qualitative and quantitative exposure data of commuters can be spatially visualized and communicated to decision-makers with help of qualitative geographic information system (GIS) approaches. We argue that the potential of this mixed-methods approach to support healthier daily commutes in urban areas should be further elaborated in urban and transport-related studies.
C1 [Marquart, Heike] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Transport Res, Rudower Chaussee 7, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
   [Marquart, Heike] Humboldt Univ, Geog Dept, Berlin, Germany.
   [Schlink, Uwe] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Urban & Environm Sociol, Leipzig, Germany.
   [Nagendra, S. M. Shiva] Indian Inst Technol Madras IIT, Dept Civil Engn, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
C3 Helmholtz Association; German Aerospace Centre (DLR); Humboldt University of Berlin; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research (UFZ); Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Madras
RP Marquart, H (通讯作者)，German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Transport Res, Rudower Chaussee 7, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
EM heike.marquart@dlr.de
FU DAAD project 'Toxicity and exposure assessment of fine particulate matter under changing climates' [57388605]
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TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 27
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1226-5934
EI 2161-6779
J9 INT J URBAN SCI
JI Int. J. Urban Sci.
PD JAN 2
PY 2022
VL 26
IS 1
BP 148
EP 161
DI 10.1080/12265934.2020.1871060
EA JAN 2021
PG 14
WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA YW1OP
UT WOS:000605702500001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Fan, PY
   Chun, KP
   Mijic, A
   Tan, ML
   Liu, MS
   Yetemen, O
AF Fan, Ping Yu
   Chun, Kwok Pan
   Mijic, Ana
   Tan, Mou Leong
   Liu, Min Si
   Yetemen, Omer
TI A framework to evaluate the accessibility, visibility, and intelligibility of green-blue spaces (GBSs) related to pedestrian movement
SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
LA English
DT Article
DE Accessibility; Visibility; Intelligibility; Space syntax; Green-blue spaces
ID urban-development; physical-activity; syntax; parks; city; design; impact; model
AB The planning of green-blue spaces (GBSs) requires considering the pedestrian needs in their walking routes for improving the walking experience. Incorporating the quantitative spatial characteristics of pedestrian movement is essential for pedestrian-friendly urban planning, which however received insufficient attention. Based on the space syntax theory, this study provided three indicators - accessibility, visibility, and intelligibility - to demonstrate the needs of physical access, visual access, and spatial cognition, respectively, in pedestrian movement. Measuring these three indicators, this study exemplified the planning of pedestrian-friendly GBSs using Guangzhou, China as a case study. Spatial design network analysis was used to quantify heterogeneous values of accessibility, visibility, and intelligibility of each GBS throughout the city. Moreover, we used principal component analysis to identify the leading indicators based on their weightings and then to calculate the scores to compare these three aspects of GBSs. The measurements of accessibility, visibility, and intelligibility of each GBS were then averaged across urban administrative districts for evaluating city-scale GBSs. The findings showed that GBSs in central districts were most accessible and visible but least intelligible. In contrast, the overall intelligibility of GBSs throughout the city was the greatest but the visibility was the least. Furthermore, intelligibility, as a more important factor than accessibility and visibility, should be particularly emphasized in future planning of pedestrian-friendly GBSs. Pedestrians from the central districts of Guangzhou city were most satisfied with the walking experience, in terms of accessing to, viewing, and cognizing the GBSs. 'Yuexiu', 'Huadu', and 'Nansha' districts were found as the key places where improved accessibility, visibility, and intelligibility were particularly needed to improve the GBS pedestrian-friendliness throughout the city. In summary, this study not only demonstrated a human-scale GBS evaluation framework for improving the human walking experience but also provided empirical evidence for building pedestrian-friendly green-blue spaces at the city scale.
C1 [Fan, Ping Yu; Chun, Kwok Pan; Liu, Min Si] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Geog, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Chun, Kwok Pan] Univ West England, Dept Geog & Environm Management, Bristol, Avon, England.
   [Mijic, Ana] Imperial Coll London, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, London, England.
   [Tan, Mou Leong] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Humanities, Geog Sect, Geoinformat Unit, George Town 11800, Malaysia.
   [Yetemen, Omer] Istanbul Tech Univ, Eurasia Inst Earth Sci, Istanbul, Turkey.
C3 Hong Kong Baptist University; University of West England; Imperial College London; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Istanbul Technical University
RP Chun, KP (通讯作者)，Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Geog, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.; Chun, KP (通讯作者)，Univ West England, Dept Geog & Environm Management, Bristol, Avon, England.
EM 18482392@life.hkbu.edu.hk; kwok.chun@uwe.ac.uk; ana.mijic@imperial.ac.uk; mouleong@usm.my; 18481655@life.hkbu.edu.hk; yetemen@itu.edu.tr
FU Hong Kong Baptist University Faculty Research Grant [FRG1/17-18/044, FRG1/16-17/034]; Hong Kong Research Grant Council (RGC) [R2002-20F]; 2232 International Fellowship for Outstanding Researchers Program of the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [118C329]; Research Grant Council; University Grant Committee of the HKSAR; Hong Kong Baptist University
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NR 74
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 16
U2 188
PU ELSEVIER GMBH
PI MUNICH
PA HACKERBRUCKE 6, 80335 MUNICH, GERMANY
SN 1618-8667
EI 1610-8167
J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE
JI Urban For. Urban Green.
PD MAR 15
PY 2022
VL 69
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127494
EA FEB 2022
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies
GA 0X3JF
UT WOS:000789606200001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Chen, X
   Pei, T
   Song, C
   Shu, H
   Guo, SH
   Wang, X
   Liu, YX
   Chen, J
   Zhou, CH
AF Chen, Xiao
   Pei, Tao
   Song, Ci
   Shu, Hua
   Guo, Sihui
   Wang, Xi
   Liu, Yaxi
   Chen, Jie
   Zhou, Chenghu
TI Accessing public transportation service coverage by walking accessibility to public transportation under flow buffering
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Origin-destination accessibility; Commuting flows; Mobile phone signaling data; Coverage analysis
ID transit; gis; population; impacts; routes; areas
AB Traditional public transportation service coverage analysis focuses more on coverage at the origins. However, the accessibility at destinations also affects coverage. To address this issue, we propose a flow buffer method for analyzing public transportation service coverage, considering walking accessibility from both origins and destinations to the nearest station. We estimated population and volume coverages of metro stations using both proposed and traditional method with commuting flows extracted from mobile phone signaling data for Beijing in September 2018. The results show that coverages estimated using the proposed method significantly differ from those of the traditional method. At a distance threshold of 800 m, the traditional buffer, flow buffer with maximum distance, and flow buffer with additive distance showed population coverages of 32%, 16%, and 29%, respectively, and volume coverages of 15%, 2%, and 5%, respectively. When the distance thresholds were larger than 950 m, population coverages estimated by flow buffer with additive distance were larger than the traditional buffer. Apart from that, all other results estimated by flow buffer were lower than those of traditional buffer. Thus, previous coverage analyses were underestimated or overestimated. This approach encourages the consideration of urban transportation planning from the flow perspective.
C1 [Chen, Xiao; Pei, Tao; Song, Ci; Shu, Hua; Guo, Sihui; Wang, Xi; Liu, Yaxi; Chen, Jie; Zhou, Chenghu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
   [Chen, Xiao; Pei, Tao; Song, Ci; Shu, Hua; Guo, Sihui; Wang, Xi; Liu, Yaxi] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
   [Pei, Tao] Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China.
C3 Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Geographic Sciences & Natural Resources Research, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Nanjing Normal University
RP Pei, T (通讯作者)，Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, 11A Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China.
EM chenxiao@lreis.ac.cn; peit@lreis.ac.cn; songc@lreis.ac.cn; shuh@lreis.ac.cn; guosh@lreis.ac.cn; wangxi@lreis.ac.cn; liuyx@lreis.ac.cn; chenj@lreis.ac.cn; zhouch@lreis.ac.cn
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NR 50
TC 23
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 96
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 125
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103646
EA FEB 2022
PG 11
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 0P2IC
UT WOS:000784044500010
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Xu, YY
   Chan, HY
   Chen, A
   Liu, XT
AF Xu, Yingying
   Chan, Ho-Yin
   Chen, Anthony
   Liu, Xintao
TI Walk this way: Visualizing accessibility and mobility in metro station areas on a 3D pedestrian network
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Accessibility; mobility; metro; 3D pedestrian; Hong Kong
AB Accessibility and mobility are positioned differently at the heart of transportation planning; whilst a transportation system with high accessibility will not necessarily be able to support high mobility. In this short article, we evaluate and visualize the accessibility and mobility of pedestrian networks around the metro station areas in a transit-oriented city - Hong Kong. By using the newly released 3D pedestrian network for the whole of Hong Kong under the Open and Big Data Plans, we have created visualizations to compare the 500-m walking coverage area and reachable area with a 10-min walking distance that reflects the accessibility and mobility around metro station areas, respectively. We find that there are significant differences between accessibility and mobility for some stations. We illustrate the potential underlying causes by comparing three representative pairs of stations as examples.
C1 [Xu, Yingying; Chen, Anthony; Liu, Xintao] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Chan, Ho-Yin] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Transport Studies Unit, Oxford, England.
   [Chen, Anthony; Liu, Xintao] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Res Inst Sustainable Urban Dev, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Liu, Xintao] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Land Surveying & Geoinformat, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 Hong Kong Polytechnic University; University of Oxford; Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Hong Kong Polytechnic University
RP Chen, A (通讯作者)，Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Hung Hom, Kowloon, ZN924,Block Z,181 South Chatham Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM anthony.chen@polyu.edu.hk
FU Research Institute for Sustainable Urban Development [1-BBWF, 1-BBWP]; Smart Cities Research Institute [Q-CDA9]
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NR 14
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 3
U2 67
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD MAY 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 4
BP 1331
EP 1335
DI 10.1177/23998083221089321
EA APR 2022
PG 5
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 0Z1FH
UT WOS:000779344100001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Mezoued, AM
   Letesson, Q
   Kaufmann, V
AF Mezoued, Aniss M.
   Letesson, Quentin
   Kaufmann, Vincent
TI Making the slow metropolis by designing walkability: a methodology for the evaluation of public space design and prioritizing pedestrian mobility
SO URBAN RESEARCH & PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
DE Slow City; slow metropolis; walkability; public space; mobility; Brussels
AB Focusing on the mobility aspects of big cities and metropolises, the paper starts with the assessment that the Slow City is linked, in terms of mobility, to slowing down traffic. This paper proposes the following working hypothesis: if the Slow City concept is relevant for making our bigger cities sustainable, it needs, in terms of mobility, to be adapted to the slowest mode of transportation: walking. To that extent, our research develops atool to evaluate the design of public spaces with regard to their affordance to walking (walkability) and to their prioritization of pedestrian mobility.
C1 [Mezoued, Aniss M.] Univ Catholique Louvain Uclouvain, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
   [Letesson, Quentin] Univ Catholique Louvain Uclouvain, Dept Archaeol, Aegean Interdisciplinary Studies, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
   [Kaufmann, Vincent] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland.
C3 Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne
RP Mezoued, AM (通讯作者)，Univ Catholique Louvain Uclouvain, Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
EM aniss-mouad.mezoued@uclouvain.be
FU Federation Wallonie Bruxelles Internationale -WBI
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NR 63
TC 23
Z9 29
U1 7
U2 56
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1753-5069
EI 1753-5077
J9 URBAN RES PRACT
JI Urban Res. Pract.
PD AUG 8
PY 2022
VL 15
IS 4
BP 584
EP 603
DI 10.1080/17535069.2021.1875038
EA JAN 2021
PG 20
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 4W8QW
UT WOS:000614573700001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Liao, BJ
   van den Berg, PEW
   van Wesemael, PJ
   Arentze, TA
AF Liao, Bojing
   van den Berg, Pauline E. W.
   van Wesemael, P. J., V
   Arentze, Theo A.
TI Individuals' perception of walkability: Results of a conjoint experiment using videos of virtual environments
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Perceived walkability; Walking emotions; Videos of virtual environments; Conjoint experiment; Latent class model
ID neighborhood environment; physical-activity; real environments; older-adults; walking; preferences; scale; attractiveness; responses; behavior
AB In empirical research there is an increasing interest in the role of visualization techniques combined with conjoint experiments to measure perceptions of walkability at neighbourhood and street levels. However, existing studies still mainly use traditional visualization methods (e.g., images and photos), which cannot pro -vide respondents with a holistic perspective to evaluate the built environment accurately. Virtual reality tech-nology could fill this gap. In this study, we conducted a conjoint experiment using videos of virtual environments to investigate how certain groups of people perceive walkability differently. The experiment was conducted on-line conjoint experiment involving a sample of 295 respondents. The hypothetical virtual environments were presented using a dynamic 3D virtual video to visualize different street block designs from the viewpoint of a moving pedestrian. Participants were asked to rate each environment viewed based on the feelings evoked during watching the video. We used a latent class regression model and discrete choice analysis to understand how groups of individuals perceive walkability differently, and what emotions of individuals are associated with walkability. Our results confirmed earlier findings from empirical studies that land use mix, connectivity, road size, open space, and green have an influence on individuals' perception of walkability. We further found that perceived walkability is mainly associated with feelings of comfort and feelings of security.
C1 [Liao, Bojing; van den Berg, Pauline E. W.; van Wesemael, P. J., V; Arentze, Theo A.] Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Built Environm, POB 513, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
C3 Eindhoven University of Technology
RP Liao, BJ (通讯作者)，De Groene Loper 6,VRT 8-36, NL-5612 AZ Eindhoven, Netherlands.
EM lbj@xmu.edu.cn
FU China Scholarship Council (China) [CSC 201807720070]; Chinese Scholarship Council
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NR 67
TC 52
Z9 56
U1 11
U2 157
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 125
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103650
EA MAR 2022
PG 12
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 1C7IY
UT WOS:000793289400002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Zhang, LZ
   Chiaradia, AJF
AF Zhang, Lingzhu
   Chiaradia, Alain J. F.
TI Walking in the cities without ground, how 3d complex network volumetrics improve analysis
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Route choice; 3D sDNA; transport geography; urban volumetrics; pedestrian volume
ID space syntax; route choice; street network; model; road; legibility; indoor; definition; buildings; knowledge
AB Pedestrian route choice, wayfinding behaviour and movement pattern research rely on objective spatial configuration model and analysis. In 3D indoor and outdoor multi-level buildings and urban built environments (IO-ML-BE), spatial configuration analysis allows to quantify and control for route choice and wayfinding complexity/difficulty. Our contribution is to compare the interaction of the level of definition (LOD) of indoor and outdoor multi-level pedestrian network spatial models and complexity metric analyses. Most studies are indoor or outdoor and oversimplify multi-level vertical connections. Using a novel open data set of a large-scale 3D centreline pedestrian network which implement transport geography 2D data model principles in 3D, nine spatial models and twelve spatial complexity analyses of a large-scale 3D IO-ML-BE are empirically tested with observed pedestrian movement patterns (N = 17,307). Bivariate regression analyses show that the association with movement pattern increases steadily from R-2 approximate to 0.29 to 0.56 (space syntax, 2.5D) and from R-2 approximate to 0.54 to 0.72 (3D sDNA) as the 3D transport geography spatial model LOD and completeness increases. A multivariate stepwise regression analysis tests the bi-variate findings. A novel 3D hybrid angular-Euclidean analysis was tested for the objective description of 3D multi-level IO-ML-BE route choice and wayfinding complexity. The results suggest that pedestrian route choice, wayfinding and movement pattern analysis and prediction research in a multi-level IO-ML-BE should use high-definition 3D transport geography network spatial model and include interdependent outdoor and indoor spaces with detailed vertical transitions.
C1 [Zhang, Lingzhu] Tongji Univ, Coll Architecture & Urban Planning, Key Lab Ecol & Energy Saving Study Dense Habitat, Minist Educ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
   [Zhang, Lingzhu; Chiaradia, Alain J. F.] Univ Hong Kong, Fac Architecture, Dept Urban Planning & Design, 8-F Knowles Bldg,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University; University of Hong Kong
RP Chiaradia, AJF (通讯作者)，Univ Hong Kong, Fac Architecture, Dept Urban Planning & Design, 8-F Knowles Bldg,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM alainjfc@hku.hk
FU Healthy High Density Cities Centre under the HKUrbanLab [000250435]; Hong Kong SAR Government Strategic Public Policy Research Funding Scheme [SPPR S2017.A7.004.17S]; University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Architecture [104004677.095740.01300.301.01]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [52008297]
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NR 112
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 10
U2 63
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD SEP 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 7
BP 1857
EP 1874
DI 10.1177/23998083211070567
EA JAN 2022
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 3Z8UU
UT WOS:000763259100001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Frank, LD
   Mayaud, J
   Hong, A
   Fisher, P
   Kershaw, S
AF Frank, Lawrence D.
   Mayaud, Jerome
   Hong, Andy
   Fisher, Pat
   Kershaw, Suzanne
TI Unmet Demand for Walkable Transit-Oriented Neighborhoods in a Midsized Canadian Community: Market and Planning Implications
SO JOURNAL OF PLANNING EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE neighborhood preference; walkability; active transportation; midsized cities
ID built environment; physical-activity; land-use; walking; transportation; preferences; walkability; obesity; adults; travel
AB Understanding neighborhood preferences remains a key focus for planners. While many studies document the effects of either neighborhood design or neighborhood preference on health and travel behavior, few have explored their combined effect in smaller regions. Using a sample of 2,597 adults in the Region of Waterloo, Ontario, we found an unmet demand for walkable neighborhoods. Results suggest that walkable neighborhoods are independently associated with less vehicle travel after adjusting for sociodemographic and residential preferences. Our study highlights the importance of combining the effects of walkable neighborhoods and preferences for them when addressing health and sustainability goals in suburban communities.
C1 [Frank, Lawrence D.; Mayaud, Jerome; Hong, Andy] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
   [Fisher, Pat] Reg Waterloo Publ Hlth, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
   [Kershaw, Suzanne] Urban Design 4 Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
C3 University of British Columbia
RP Frank, LD (通讯作者)，Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, 1633 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6J 1B6, Canada.
EM lawrence.frank@ubc.ca
FU Heart and Stroke Foundation; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; region of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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NR 52
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 2
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0739-456X
EI 1552-6577
J9 J PLAN EDUC RES
JI J. Plan. Educ. Res.
PD DEC 15
PY 2022
VL 42
IS 4
BP 568
EP 584
DI 10.1177/0739456X19831064
PG 17
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA R2422
UT WOS:001635395200001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Hino, K
   Baba, H
   Kim, H
   Shimizu, C
AF Hino, Kimihiro
   Baba, Hiroki
   Kim, Hongjik
   Shimizu, Chihiro
TI Validation of a Japanese walkability index using large-scale step count data of Yokohama citizens
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Walking; Amenity; Density; Generalized linear mixed model; Compact city; Older adults
ID physical-activity; built environment; design
AB In Japan where the population is aging and declining, it is necessary to evaluate and improve the walkability of cities. However, it may not be appropriate to use the indices developed for American cities in highly dense cities in Asia. This study aimed to verify the association of a newly developed walkability index, which quantifies the accessibility of various urban amenities, with step counts of Yokohama citizens (n = 54,698). Participants were categorized into four subgroups according to sex and age. Scores from both the new and an existing index were calculated for each participant's neighborhood. Using generalized linear mixed models, associations of the scores with their step counts (count models) and probability of target achievement (binomial models) were examined. Overall, the new index predicted citizens' step counts better than the existing index in both models. The new index had a stronger association with step count in older adults in the count models and with target achievement in women in the binomial models. The findings support the efficacy of the new index, which indexes various amenities instead of density variables, in assessing the walkability in highly dense cities, as well as the need for indices tailored to the urban context.
C1 [Hino, Kimihiro] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Engn, Dept Urban Engn, Tokyo, Japan.
   [Baba, Hiroki] Kyoto Univ, Ctr Southeast Asian Studies, Hakubi Ctr Adv Res, Kyoto, Japan.
   [Kim, Hongjik; Shimizu, Chihiro] Univ Tokyo, Ctr Spatial Informat Sci, Tokyo, Japan.
   [Baba, Hiroki] 46 Yoshida Shimoadachi Cho,Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068501, Japan.
   [Kim, Hongjik; Shimizu, Chihiro] 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan.
C3 University of Tokyo; Kyoto University; University of Tokyo
RP Hino, K (通讯作者)，7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1138656, Japan.
EM hino@ua.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp; hbaba@cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp; hongjik.kim@csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp; cshimizu@csis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI [18H01602, 19KK0374]; Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21H04376, 18H01602, 19KK0374, 20H00082] Funding Source: KAKEN
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NR 31
TC 21
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD APR 15
PY 2022
VL 123
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103614
EA JAN 2022
PG 7
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA YW8HV
UT WOS:000753655000003
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Silvennoinen, H
   Kuliga, S
   Herthogs, P
   Recchia, DR
   Tunçer, B
AF Silvennoinen, Heidi
   Kuliga, Saskia
   Herthogs, Pieter
   Recchia, Daniela Rodrigues
   Tuncer, Bige
TI Effects of Gehl's urban design guidelines on walkability: A virtual reality experiment in Singaporean public housing estates
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; virtual reality; urban design; urban simulation; south east asia
ID walking; city
AB Walkability has become an important theme of urban design research and practice. Evidence suggests that environmental attractiveness can have a significant impact on the amount of walking activities that take place, but relatively little research exists on which environmental features linked to attractiveness increase walkability. Using a virtual reality experiment, the present study examined the effects on walkability of three key features, as defined by Jan Gehl, an influential urban planning practitioner and theorist: liveliness, high-quality facades and low buildings. A virtual reality simulation allowed isolating the effects of these features, while avoiding confounding factors, such as the presence of shops, which has been difficult to do in past field studies. Our study confirmed that the combination of features recommended by Gehl promoted walking activity in the study's context. Further exploratory analyses suggested that improved facade quality was positively linked to walking activity, and that building height and liveliness had negligible effects. Our findings contribute to the existing understanding of walkability, which may benefit urban planning practice and models of walkability. Further research is necessary to confirm our results regarding the effects of specific features on walking activity in different contexts.
C1 [Silvennoinen, Heidi; Kuliga, Saskia; Herthogs, Pieter; Tuncer, Bige] Singapore ETH Ctr, Future Cities Lab, Singapore, Singapore.
   [Silvennoinen, Heidi] Aalto Univ, Espoo, Finland.
   [Recchia, Daniela Rodrigues] Univ Witten Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
   [Recchia, Daniela Rodrigues] Univ Witten Herdecke, Dept Res Methods & Stat Psychol, Witten, Germany.
   [Tuncer, Bige] Singapore Univ Technol & Design, Informed Design Lab, Singapore, Singapore.
C3 Aalto University; Witten Herdecke University; Witten Herdecke University; Singapore University of Technology & Design
RP Silvennoinen, H (通讯作者)，Singapore ETH Ctr, Dept CREATE, 1 Create Way,CREATE Tower 06-01, Singapore 0601, Singapore.
EM heidi.silvennoinen@sec.ethz.ch
FU Rakennustietosaatio; Aalto University; Alli Paasikivi scholarship fund; German Academic Exchange Service DAAD; ETH Zurich [FI370074016]; Singapore's National Research Foundation under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise program [FI370074016]
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NR 48
TC 29
Z9 36
U1 3
U2 54
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD NOV 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 9
BP 2409
EP 2428
DI 10.1177/23998083221091822
EA MAY 2022
PG 20
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 5Y7JP
UT WOS:000797521400001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Tawfik, M
   Shehayeb, D
   Abdelaty, A
   de Freitas, RP
   Shalaby, A
AF Tawfik, Menna
   Shehayeb, Dina
   Abdelaty, Asmaa
   de Freitas, Rita Pinto
   Shalaby, Ahmed
TI Relationship between Spatial Analysis of Streets and Walking Behavior
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Space syntax; Spatial configuration; Ground floor use; Walking behavior; GIS
ID spaces
AB There is diversity and complexity in the spatial analysis that encompasses the analytical perspectives of social segregation in new communities. This research aims to explore the correlations that could predict potentials for walkable environments as a contributor to minimizing social segregation in new communities. The research addresses the spatial configuration analysis of street networks, using space syntax as well as the ground floor use considering the spatiotemporal dimension. The study was conducted in Sheikh Zayed City, a new community in the Greater Cairo Region, Egypt. Various theories and methods use space syntax in practice and empirical research to analyze the spatial relationships in the physical built environment. This research explores the predictive power of space syntax and introduces mixed methods to better investigate the significant relationships between walking behavior and street spatial analysis. The syntactic measures of the streets (global and local integration, choice, and connectivity) are articulated, and ground floor use [using geographic information system (GIS)] is overlaid. Walking behavior is recorded at different times of the week, incorporating the purpose of pedestrian trips, and added in the correlational analysis. A principal component analysis (PCA) followed by multiple regression analysis reveals the explanatory results of relations between the spatial variables for predictable actions. The research findings deduced that ground floor use distribution could predict walking behavior and trip purposes at different times of the week while street syntactic measures vary in their explanatory power on walking behavior, especially when considering the time of the day dimension. Thus, the study concludes that space syntax as an analytic tool should be complemented by other methods that address a wider spectrum of variables pertaining to spatial street properties. The proposed combination of methods can better guide street design, create more walkable communities, and achieve social integration.
C1 [Tawfik, Menna; Shehayeb, Dina] Nile Univ, Architecture & Urban Design, Cairo 12566, Egypt.
   [Abdelaty, Asmaa] Cairo Univ, Urban Planning, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
   [de Freitas, Rita Pinto] German Univ Cairo, Architecture & Urban Design, Cairo 63514, Egypt.
   [Shalaby, Ahmed] Cairo Univ, Architecture & Urban Design, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Nile University; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Cairo University; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); German University in Cairo; Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Cairo University
RP Tawfik, M (通讯作者)，Nile Univ, Architecture & Urban Design, Cairo 12566, Egypt.
EM mtawfik@nu.edu.eg; dshehayeb@nu.edu.eg; asibrahim@effatuniversity.edu.sa; rita@coac.net; amshalaby@gmail.com
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NR 43
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 89
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD JUN 1
PY 2022
VL 148
IS 2
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000826
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 0N1RQ
UT WOS:000782624000024
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Kang, B
   Diao, CY
AF Kang, Bumjoon
   Diao, Chunyuan
TI Walking School Bus Program Feasibility in a Suburban Setting
SO JOURNAL OF PLANNING EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Safe routes to school; walkability; public health; transportation; child pedestrians; traffic safety
ID childrens physical-activity; active transportation; safe routes; urban form; neighborhood; implementation; christchurch; distance; impact; mode
AB A walking school bus (WSB), a group of children walking to school under adult supervision, has social, environmental, and public health benefits. Although WSBs may require a certain neighborhood density and street configuration to recruit and organize groups, our spatial analysis showed that when 20% of students living near their school join WSBs, those students could form an adequately sized WSB group. Our parent survey showed that about 40% of parents were likely to allow their children to walk to school if a friend accompanies them. Thus, we conclude that WSBs are feasible in a low-density suburban neighborhood setting.
C1 [Kang, Bumjoon] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Buffalo, NY USA.
   [Diao, Chunyuan] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci, Champaign, IL USA.
C3 State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
RP Kang, B (通讯作者)，SUNY Buffalo, Sch Architecture & Planning, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, 3435 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA.
EM bumjoonk@buffalo.edu
FU Safe Routes to School Grant; 3E grant on Built Environment, Health Behaviors, and Health Outcomes from the University at Buffalo, The State University of New York
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NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0739-456X
EI 1552-6577
J9 J PLAN EDUC RES
JI J. Plan. Educ. Res.
PD SEP 15
PY 2022
VL 42
IS 3
BP 365
EP 374
DI 10.1177/0739456X18817353
PG 10
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 3I9SQ
UT WOS:000833047700011
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Israt, AS
   Hassan, AS
AF Israt, Abontika Sara
   Hassan, Ahmad Sanusi
TI User-friendly street- a study on users' perception ranking on physical attributes of pedestrian environment of Dhaka city
SO OPEN HOUSE INTERNATIONAL-SUSTAINABLE & SMART ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE User-friendly street; Users' perception; Physical attributes; Pedestrian environment Dhaka
ID liveability; attachment; quality; walking; design; place
AB Purpose The purpose of this research is to examine the current physical qualities and activities of pedestrian environment from the perspective of the users' needs and perceptions for making user-friendly streets in Dhaka city. Design/methodology/approach Case study research approach was adapted with a mixed method approach in data collection and analysis to gather information about the interrelationship concerning the variables. The questionnaire survey and direct observation was conducted with the users of the streets to get the actual scenes of the study areas. For the findings, multiple sources of evidence were triangulated and used to analyze which were derived from the convergence of the data. Findings The findings of this study show that the needs for the factors which make people to use the street are similar with the previous theories derived by different scholars. The results establish that making of user-friendly street from the users' perspective has a significant relationship with the attributes of public spaces in the context of Dhaka. Correlation among the attributes of public spaces concerning sociability, uses and activities, access and linkage and safety, comfort and image showed the issues affecting the pedestrian environment toward a crucial condition in Dhaka city. Research limitations/implications Time allocation, inadequacy of secondary data sources and earlier research on this topic in the context of Dhaka city, were the primary limitations to let an in-depth and full exploration of the research. Originality/value The study provided a detailed representation of Dhaka's users' perception of the pedestrian environment. This study suggests a new perspective of bettering pedestrian experience in the city center.
C1 [Israt, Abontika Sara; Hassan, Ahmad Sanusi] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Housing Bldg & Planning, Gelugor, Malaysia.
   [Israt, Abontika Sara] Ahsanullah Univ Sci & Technol, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
C3 Universiti Sains Malaysia; Ahsanullah University of Science & Technology (AUST)
RP Israt, AS (通讯作者)，Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Housing Bldg & Planning, Gelugor, Malaysia.; Israt, AS (通讯作者)，Ahsanullah Univ Sci & Technol, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
EM asaraisrat@gmail.com
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NR 47
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 31
PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD
PI Leeds
PA Floor 5, Northspring 21-23 Wellington Street, Leeds, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0168-2601
EI 2633-9838
J9 OPEN HOUSE INT
JI Open House Int.
PD APR 29
PY 2022
VL 47
IS 2
BP 218
EP 234
DI 10.1108/OHI-03-2021-0058
EA FEB 2022
PG 17
WC Architecture; Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA 1F8EC
UT WOS:000758989200001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Gaglione, F
   Gargiulo, C
   Zucaro, F
AF Gaglione, Federica
   Gargiulo, Carmela
   Zucaro, Floriana
TI Where can the elderly walk? A spatial multi-criteria method to increase urban pedestrian accessibility
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban accessibility; Elderly; Pedestrian paths; GIS; Spatial multicriteria analysis; Sensitivity analysis
ID public transport accessibility; decision-analysis; neighborhood walkability; metropolitan-areas; physical-activity; delphi method; environment; perceptions; quality; city
AB In terms of residual physical activities suitable for most elderly individuals, walking is also the favoured form of mobility in this group, in particular for those aged 75 and over. For this segment of the population, walking represents the main means of accessing urban services and actively participating in community life. It is thus essential to improve both the physical and functional organization of urban areas to develop comfortable and safe walking paths for the elderly and the other weak segments of population. Therefore, this study provides a methodology for classifying a neighbourhood as more or less accessible for the elderly to reach urban services on the basis of its favourable characteristics. Based on the results of a literature review and Delphi analysis, the fuzzy technique was applied to evaluate the security and urban context characteristics, both in terms of the pedestrian network and built environment. The obtained weights, validated by a sensitivity analysis, were then used to calculate a walking attractiveness index for the elderly using a GIS tool. The methodology was then tested in two neighbourhoods of Naples; the outputs show the areas that local decision-makers should prioritise to improve the safety and attractiveness of routes to access urban services.
C1 [Gaglione, Federica] Univ Sannio, Dept Engn, Benevento, Italy.
   [Gargiulo, Carmela; Zucaro, Floriana] Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Civil Bldg & Environm Engn, Naples, Italy.
C3 University of Sannio; University of Naples Federico II
RP Zucaro, F (通讯作者)，Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Civil Bldg & Environm Engn, Naples, Italy.
EM federica.gaglione@unisannio.it; gargiulo@unina.it; floriana.zucaro@unina.it
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NR 89
TC 37
Z9 39
U1 6
U2 95
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD AUG 15
PY 2022
VL 127
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103724
EA JUN 2022
PG 15
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 2E1GL
UT WOS:000811981700006
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Huang, JX
   Cui, YM
   Chang, HL
   Obracht-Prondzynska, H
   Kamrowska-Zaluska, D
   Li, LS
AF Huang, Jianxiang
   Cui, Yuming
   Chang, Haoliang
   Obracht-Prondzynska, Hanna
   Kamrowska-Zaluska, Dorota
   Li, Lishuai
TI A city is not a tree: a multi-city study on street network and urban life
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban new data; Urban planning; Street network; Urban life; Christopher Alexander
ID hong-kong; travel; form
AB Christopher Alexander, a British-American scholar, famously differentiated an old (natural) city from a new (planned) one in structure. The former resembles a "semilattice", or a complex system encompassing many interconnected sub-systems. The latter is shaped in a graph-theoretical "tree", which lacks the structural complexity as its sub-systems are compartmentalized into a single hierarchy. This structural distinction can explain, or perhaps determine "the patina of life" in old urban districts and the lack of such in new ones. Alexander's idea, although widely influential, remains contested for its lack of empirical support. Subsequent literature failed to distinguish the structural differences between the old and new cities in systematic ways, nor is his asserted structure-life relationship verified with rigor. This study aims to test Alexander's urban structural theory under a comprehensive research framework. We translated his constructs and premises into a mathematically testable form. The structural qualities of an urban street network, conceived as "semilattice", "complex network" and "living structure", were measured using graph-topological indicators. Urban life was captured using a combination of Twitter activities, Point-Of-Interests, and walking trips, aggregated at the district level. The structure-life relationship was tested statistically, after controlling for urban form and socio-demographic confounders, including land use, density, block size, parks, income, age, and demographics. This research design was implemented in London, New York, Hong Kong, and Gdansk. Our results support Alexander's early works that an old urban district contains more "semilattice" than new ones. This quality can be captured by Meshedness Coefficient, a graph-network indicator for a semilattice-shaped street network and a strong predictor for urban life. The same cannot be observed for "complex network" with consistency, and we found no independent associations between "living structure" and life, contrary to existing literature. The study shed light on the hidden relationships between urban spatial structure and behaviors, in both the virtual and physical world. We uncovered the British-American predilection of Alexander's theory, which is well-supported by observations in London and New York yet less so in Hong Kong or Gdansk, suggesting the need for a locally-sensitive approach. The analytical tools developed can be of value for planning research and practice.
C1 [Huang, Jianxiang] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Urban Planning & Design, 8-F Knowles Bldg,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Huang, Jianxiang] Univ Hong Kong, Shenzhen Inst Res & Innovat, 5-F Key Lab Platform Bldg,Shenzhen Virtual Univ P, Shenzhen 518057, Nanshan, Peoples R China.
   [Cui, Yuming] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture, 7-F Knowles Bldg,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Chang, Haoliang] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Adv Design & Syst Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Obracht-Prondzynska, Hanna] Univ Gdansk, Dept Spatial Management, Ul Jana Bazynskiego 8, PL-80309 Gdansk, Poland.
   [Kamrowska-Zaluska, Dorota] Gdansk Univ Technol, Fac Architecture, Dept Urban Design & Reg Planning, 11-12 Gabriela Narutowicza St, PL-80233 Gdansk, Poland.
   [Li, Lishuai] City Univ Hong Kong, Sch Data Sci, 16-201,16-F Lau Ming Wai Acad Bldg,83 Tat Chee Av, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research & Innovation; University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong; Fahrenheit Universities; University of Gdansk; Fahrenheit Universities; Gdansk University of Technology; City University of Hong Kong
RP Huang, JX (通讯作者)，Univ Hong Kong, Dept Urban Planning & Design, 8-F Knowles Bldg,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM jxhuang@hku.hk; ymcui@connect.hku.hk; hlchang4-c@my.cityu.edu.hk; hanna.obracht-prondzynska@ug.edu.pl; dzaluska@pg.edu.pl; lishuai.li@cityu.edu.hk
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51978594]; Hong Kong Research Grants Council Theme-Based Research Scheme [T32-101/15-R, 11209717]; Faculty of Architecture; University of Hong Kong
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NR 93
TC 37
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 76
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
EI 1872-6062
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD OCT 15
PY 2022
VL 226
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104469
EA MAY 2022
PG 13
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 1W4PR
UT WOS:000806757600002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Yoshimura, Y
   Kumakoshi, Y
   Fan, YC
   Milardo, S
   Koizumi, H
   Santi, P
   Arias, JM
   Zheng, SQ
   Ratti, C
AF Yoshimura, Yuji
   Kumakoshi, Yusuke
   Fan, Yichun
   Milardo, Sebastiano
   Koizumi, Hideki
   Santi, Paolo
   Murillo Arias, Juan
   Zheng, Siqi
   Ratti, Carlo
TI Street pedestrianization in urban districts: Economic impacts in Spanish cities
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrianization; Urban morphology; Street network; Transaction data; Consumer city
ID in-differences models; propensity score; land-use; transit; randomization; centrality; location; retail; rail
AB This study analyzes the influence of pedestrianization of urban space on the revenues of surrounding retail stores. Pedestrianization refers to the conversion of street use from vehicles to a walkable environment. We compiled a unique transaction dataset containing the estimates of sales volumes for stores across Spain and combine it with data from Open Street Map to provide the history of land-use changes at the street-level. Based on these high-granular datasets, we apply a difference-in-differences empirical method to measure the economic impact of pedestrian intervention. The results show that stores located in pedestrian environments tend to record higher sales volumes than stores located in non-pedestrian environments. We further analyze the mechanisms under-lying this revenue-boosting effect and find that a key factor is the store density of the pedestrianized place, while geographic location is insignificant. This finding suggests that there are no differentiation impacts on stores' revenue based on whether pedestrianization occurs in the city center or periphery. Store category also acts as an important moderator for revenue impacts, with positive effects observed mostly for the cafe & PRIME; or restaurant category. Our results provide suggestive evidence that people prefer a pedestrian-friendly environment to a vehicle-oriented one for non-tradable, local consumption activities. This research provides evidence-based policy implications for urban planners interested in making smart, sustainable cities.
C1 [Yoshimura, Yuji; Kumakoshi, Yusuke; Koizumi, Hideki] Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Meguro Ku, 4-6-1 Komaba, Tokyo 1538904, Japan.
   [Fan, Yichun; Zheng, Siqi] MIT, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, Ctr Real Estate & Sustainable Urbanizat Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Milardo, Sebastiano; Santi, Paolo; Ratti, Carlo] MIT, SENSEable City Lab, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Santi, Paolo] CNR, Ist Informat & Telemat, Via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
   [Murillo Arias, Juan] BBVA Data Strategy Area, C Sauceda 28, Madrid 28050, Spain.
C3 University of Tokyo; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR); Istituto di Informatica e Telematica (IIT-CNR)
RP Yoshimura, Y (通讯作者)，Univ Tokyo, Res Ctr Adv Sci & Technol, Meguro Ku, 4-6-1 Komaba, Tokyo 1538904, Japan.
EM yyyoshimura@cd.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp; ykuma@cd.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp; ycfan@mit.edu; milardo@mit.edu; hide@cd.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp; psanti@mit.edu; juanmurillo@eoi.es; sqzheng@mit.edu; ratti@mit.edu
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NR 45
TC 55
Z9 69
U1 7
U2 74
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JAN 15
PY 2022
VL 120
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2021.103468
PG 9
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 1B7FC
UT WOS:000792598200003
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Cui, YL
   Yu, Y
   Cai, ZY
   Wang, DH
AF Cui, Yanlei
   Yu, Yi
   Cai, Zhengyi
   Wang, Dianhai
TI Optimizing Road Network Density Considering Automobile Traffic Efficiency: Theoretical Approach
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban planning; Road network density; Automobile traffic efficiency; Analytical approach
ID transportation network; urban form; china; design; model
AB In recent years, the planning idea of denser road networks and smaller blocks has received particular interest from planners and researchers. However, what is the impact of road network density on the efficiency of automobile traffic? Does a denser road network operate better? To address these questions, we develop an analytical approach taking the influence of intersection delay into account in this research. It is proved that there exists an optimal road network density that maximizes the average travel speed and travel production simultaneously under a given vehicle accumulation. When determining the reasonable road network density, the optimal density under peak-hour vehicle accumulation can be an important reference but not the final choice. If the peak-hour traffic fluctuates acutely, a denser road network should be considered for providing higher reliability. If the peak period is quite short, a sparser road network may be a better choice for providing higher travel speed as well as higher travel production during off-peak periods.
C1 [Cui, Yanlei; Yu, Yi; Cai, Zhengyi; Wang, Dianhai] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China.
C3 Zhejiang University
RP Wang, DH (通讯作者)，Zhejiang Univ, Coll Civil Engn & Architecture, 866 Yuhangtang Rd, Hangzhou 310058, Peoples R China.
EM cuiyanlei@zju.edu.cn; eveyu@zju.edu.cn; caizhengyi@zju.edu.cn; wangdianhai@zju.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [61773338, 71901193]; National Key Research and Development Program of China [2019YFB1600303]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
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NR 55
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 72
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD MAR 1
PY 2022
VL 148
IS 1
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000780
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA YF9PU
UT WOS:000742132300030
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Moran, ME
AF Moran, Marcel E.
TI Where the Crosswalk Ends: Mapping Crosswalk Coverage via Satellite Imagery in San Francisco
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE pedestrians; GIS; safety; satellite
ID pedestrian injury; marked-crosswalk; fatality; collisions; network; risk; connectivity; crashes; street; impact
AB Marked crosswalks are the primary means of safeguarding pedestrian travel at intersections in American cities. In the face of decades-high pedestrian fatalities nationwide, the provision of adequate crosswalks is highly salient. Though, how they are spatially distributed across an entire city, and vary by neighborhood, has drawn little academic scrutiny. Given that, this study utilizes satellite imagery to map the presence of marked crosswalks throughout San Francisco, a dense, walkable city that has struggled to reach its pedestrian-safety goals. For the first time, this allows for a calculation of "crosswalk coverage" for the city as a whole. Manual review of satellite imagery documents that crosswalks are present at 58% of San Francisco's roughly 6,400 intersections, though they are not evenly distributed across neighborhoods. Both hotspot analysis and comparing crosswalk coverage by Census tracts demonstrates that northern neighborhoods-even outside of the downtown core-maintain higher percentages of intersections with crosswalks than those in the southern half. Intersections exhibit crosswalk "corridor effects," in that crosswalks often cluster along certain streets, including (but not limited to) commercial areas. In addition, crosswalks in four neighborhoods were analyzed to a deeper extent, including category (e.g., ladder, continental, and standard), condition, and "completeness" or the number of adjacent blocks with a connecting crosswalk. Across these roughly 1,000 intersections, coverage varied from 51% in the Bayview (a historic African American community) to 83% in Pacific Heights (a high-income, majority-white neighborhood). Though these patterns track somewhat with local pedestrian and automobile volumes, crosswalk coverage diverges from these data in many ways, indicating other factors at play in their distribution. Overall, satellite imagery can be used to identify marked crosswalks at scale, evaluate their quality, and probe geographic variation. Armed with such granular data, planners can consider the ways in which crosswalks are present throughout cities-and where notable gaps exist-in their pursuit of Vision Zero goals.
C1 [Moran, Marcel E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
C3 University of California System; University of California Berkeley
RP Moran, ME (通讯作者)，Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept City & Reg Planning, Bauer Wurster Hall,Rm 410, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA.
EM moranm@berkeley.edu
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NR 70
TC 7
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 10
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD OCT 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 8
BP 2250
EP 2266
DI 10.1177/23998083221081530
EA APR 2022
PG 17
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 5E2VI
UT WOS:000778963100001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Jordan, SW
   Ivey, S
   Levy, M
   Lipinski, M
   Palazolo, P
   Waldron, B
AF Jordan, Samuel W.
   Ivey, Stephanie
   Levy, Marian
   Lipinski, Martin
   Palazolo, Paul
   Waldron, Brian
TI Complete Streets: A New Capability Maturity Model
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Complete Streets; Professional practice; Tools; Capability maturity model; Workshops
AB Complete Streets (CS) practice in the United States is heterogeneous. While organizations like the National Complete Streets Coalition have offered guidance on the formation of a robust Complete Streets policy, the maturity of public programs for Complete Streets practice is ill-defined. This research adapts existing transportation-focused capability maturity frameworks to propose a new capability maturity model for Complete Streets that is designed to help organizations evaluate current program maturity and identify next steps for evolving practice. The model includes a self-assessment tool and a set of qualitative descriptions of incrementally increasing maturity across seven program dimensions determined to be fundamental to the success of Complete Streets programs. The proposed model is designed to assist in strategic planning and organizational capacity building.
C1 [Jordan, Samuel W.; Ivey, Stephanie] Univ Memphis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Engn Admin Bldg Room 302D,3795 Cent Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
   [Levy, Marian] Univ Memphis, Sch Publ Hlth, 230 Robison Hall,3825 Desoto Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
   [Lipinski, Martin] Univ Memphis, Intermodal Freight Transportat Inst, Engn Admin Bldg Room 302D,3795 Cent Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
   [Palazolo, Paul] Univ Memphis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Engn Sci Bldg Room 108A,3817 Cent Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
   [Waldron, Brian] Univ Memphis, Ctr Appl Earth Sci & Engn, Wilder Tower 9th Floor,3675 Alumni Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
C3 University of Memphis; University of Memphis; University of Memphis; University of Memphis; University of Memphis
RP Jordan, SW (通讯作者)，Univ Memphis, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Engn Admin Bldg Room 302D,3795 Cent Ave, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
EM swjordan@memphis.edu; ssalyers@memphis.edu; mlevy@memphis.edu; mlipinsk@memphis.edu; ppalazol@memphis.edu; bwaldron@memphis.edu
FU Intermodal Freight Transportation Institute at the University of Memphis; Herff College of Engineering; Dwight D. Eisenhower Transportation Fellowship Program
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NR 44
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 40
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD MAR 1
PY 2022
VL 148
IS 1
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000812
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA YF9PU
UT WOS:000742132300023
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Alawadi, K
   Striedinger, VH
   Maghelal, P
   Khanal, A
AF Alawadi, Khaled
   Hernandez Striedinger, Victoria
   Maghelal, Praveen
   Khanal, Asim
TI Assessing walkability in hot arid regions: the case of downtown Abu Dhabi
SO URBAN DESIGN INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; Urban form; Downtown; Neighborhoods; Abu Dhabi
ID physical-activity; thermal comfort; urban design; walking; climate; weather; city; transportation; vegetation; form
AB Regarded as critical infrastructure for a city's planning and design, pedestrian facilities are considered to be crucial to the health and economic well-being of a city's inhabitants. This study assesses the walkable environment of two urban neighborhoods in Abu Dhabi's main island. The research aims at providing the primary data required to facilitate the development of policies, design strategies, and systems that will support sustainable walking environments throughout the Emirate. Specifically, the study examines the walking behavior of the users of two neighborhoods in Abu Dhabi. The following questions were explored: (1) What patterns of walking behavior are observable in the street, and what are their diurnal and seasonal rhythms? (2) What potential reasons could explain the observed walking behavior? (3) To what extent do the built environment and climate affect walking in Abu Dhabi? (4) What particular strategies could be adopted to encourage walking in Abu Dhabi? Data collection and analysis tools include the following: (1) Geographic Information Systems (GIS), (2) fieldwork, and (3) qualitative data assembled from a survey questionnaire. Survey results presented walking as a widely used form of non-motorized transportation for both leisure and utilitarian purposes among blue-collar employees working in the service and retail sectors. Transportation, entertainment, physical fitness, and health were reported as major reasons for walking. Although participants' walking patterns were not significantly affected by climate, respondents reported that weather was the main source of discomfort while walking. Policy and design changes, infrastructure enhancement, and potential shading methods are proposed to enhance the walking experience.
C1 [Alawadi, Khaled; Maghelal, Praveen; Khanal, Asim] Khalifa Univ, Sustainable Crit Infrastruct Program, Masdar Campus, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
   [Hernandez Striedinger, Victoria] Masdar Inst Sci & Technol, Sustainable Crit Infrastruct Program, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
C3 Khalifa University of Science & Technology; Khalifa University of Science & Technology; Masdar Institute of Science & Technology
RP Alawadi, K (通讯作者)，Khalifa Univ, Sustainable Crit Infrastruct Program, Masdar Campus, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates.
EM Khaled.alawadi@gmail.com; victoriahs1962@gmail.com; Praveen.maghelal@ku.ac.ae; asim.khanal@ku.ac.ae
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NR 81
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 6
U2 49
PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1357-5317
EI 1468-4519
J9 URBAN DES INT
JI Urban Des. Int.
PD SEP 15
PY 2022
VL 27
IS 3
BP 211
EP 231
DI 10.1057/s41289-021-00150-0
EA FEB 2021
PG 21
WC Architecture; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 3X6QW
UT WOS:000614670000001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Xuan, W
   Zhao, LW
AF Xuan, Wei
   Zhao, Liwei
TI Research on Correlation between Spatial Quality of Urban Streets and Pedestrian Walking Characteristics in China Based on Street View Big Data
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Street view big data; Spatial quality of street; Walking characteristics; Spatial analysis; Correlation mechanism
ID built environment; behavior; density
AB Recently, China's urban construction has gradually shifted from incremental development to quality improvement, and urban residents' demand for a better travel environment has become stronger. Therefore, as the main carrier of urban slow traffic and an important part of public space, streets are gradually becoming the focus of urban planning. This study starts from the perspective of the residents' needs and selects the measurement indicators from multiple dimensions. The combination of big data analysis and field observations makes up for the shortcomings in the subjective methods, single measurement dimensions, and low data accuracy in previous studies and provides a comprehensive measurement method for the spatial quality of typical streets in China, and provides theoretical support and a scientific basis for urban sustainable development. This study used the Bijiashan Block, Hefei, Anhui Province, China, as an example. Based on the street view big data and technologies, such as point of interest (POI) spatial analysis, road network accessibility analysis, and machine learning algorithm, this study conducted a quantitative evaluation of the street space quality from four dimensions: (1) visual perception; (2) functional attribute; (3) road network structure; and (4) spatial form. In addition, quantitative measurements of pedestrian walking characteristics are conducted based on pedestrian flow rate and walking speed. Correlation and regression analyses are adopted to explore the correlation between street space quality and pedestrian walking characteristics and the impact of each indicator. The results indicate that street richness, green visibility, POI density, and vehicle interference degree show a significant correlation with walking characteristics and indicators, such as street accessibility and functional mixing degree that are believed by the public to affect walking characteristics show no significant correlation with street scale.
C1 [Xuan, Wei; Zhao, Liwei] Hefei Univ Technol, Fac Architecture & Arts, Hefei, Peoples R China.
C3 Hefei University of Technology
RP Xuan, W (通讯作者)，Hefei Univ Technol, Fac Architecture & Arts, Hefei, Peoples R China.
EM xuanwei417@163.com; 1171690090@qq.com
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [52008143]; Anhui Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project [AHSKY2021D74]
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NR 36
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 15
U2 235
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD DEC 1
PY 2022
VL 148
IS 4
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000888
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 5H3WP
UT WOS:000867612500002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Chen, L
   Lu, Y
   Ye, Y
   Xiao, Y
   Yang, LC
AF Chen, Long
   Lu, Yi
   Ye, Yu
   Xiao, Yang
   Yang, Linchuan
TI Examining the association between the built environment and pedestrian volume using street view images
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrian volume; Population-level walking behaviors; Built environment; Streetscape features; Street view images; Machine learning
ID physical-activity; population-level; walking; density; travel; walkability; inactivity; design; trees; seoul
AB Many studies have confirmed that the characteristics of the built environment affect individual walking behaviors. However, scant attention has been paid to population-level walking behaviors, such as pedestrian volume, because of the difficulty of collecting such data. We propose a new approach to extract citywide pedestrian volume using readily available street view images and machine learning technique. This innovative method has superior efficiency and geographic reach. In addition, we explore the associations between the extracted pedestrian volume and both macro-and micro-scale built environment characteristics. The results show that micro-scale characteristics, such as the street-level greenery, open sky, and sidewalk, are positively associated with pedestrian volume. Macro-scale characteristics, operationalized using the 5Ds framework including density, diversity, design, destination accessibility, and distance to transit, are also associated with pedestrian volume. Hence, to stimulate population-level walking behaviors, policymakers and urban planners should focus on the built environment intervetions at both the micro and macroscale.
C1 [Chen, Long; Lu, Yi] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Lu, Yi] City Univ Hong Kong Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.
   [Ye, Yu] Tongji Univ, Dept Architecture, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
   [Xiao, Yang] Tongji Univ, Dept Urban Planning, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
   [Yang, Linchuan] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Dept Urban & Rural Planning, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
   [Lu, Yi] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 City University of Hong Kong; Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong; Tongji University; Tongji University; Southwest Jiaotong University; City University of Hong Kong
RP Lu, Y (通讯作者)，City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.; Lu, Y (通讯作者)，City Univ Hong Kong Shenzhen Res Inst, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.; Lu, Y (通讯作者)，City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM lochen6-c@my.cityu.edu.hk; yilu24@cityu.edu.hk; lochen6-c@my.cityu.edu.hk; yxiao@tongji.edu.cn; yanglc0125@swjtu.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51778552, 52078343]; Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong SAR [CityU11207520]
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NR 78
TC 129
Z9 140
U1 28
U2 303
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD AUG 15
PY 2022
VL 127
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103734
EA JUN 2022
PG 10
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 2D9WG
UT WOS:000811887300010
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Salazar-Miranda, A
   Heine, C
   Duarte, F
   Schechtner, K
   Ratti, C
AF Salazar-Miranda, Arianna
   Heine, Cate
   Duarte, Fabio
   Schechtner, Katja
   Ratti, Carlo
TI Measuring the impact of slow zones on street life using social media
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Human activity; Pedestrian zones; Social media; Twitter; Big data
ID twitter
AB Streets are fundamental to social and economic exchange in cities. Despite their importance for urban life, streets continue to dedicate more space to cars than people, raising concerns about their ability to host social exchange. In this paper, we study the extent to which slow zones (areas designed to be more pedestrian-friendly via speed limit reductions) affect human activity in streets. We study this question in the context of Paris, which implemented several slow zones covering a large portion of the city between 2010 and 2019. We exploit differences in the effects of the policy at the boundaries of the slow zones and their staggered introduction over time to identify their causal effect on human activity. Comparing street segments immediately within the slow zone boundary (our treatment group) to street segments immediately outside the slow zone (our control group) shows that human activity measured using Twitter is 44% higher in slow zones. This effect is driven by an increase in both the number of users and in the number of tweets per user, suggesting that slow zones attract more people and that people are tweeting more in these areas. We also show that slow zones draw visitors from a wider geographic range of neighborhoods, contributing to social mixing.
C1 [Salazar-Miranda, Arianna; Heine, Cate; Duarte, Fabio; Schechtner, Katja; Ratti, Carlo] MIT, Senseable City Lab, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Salazar-Miranda, Arianna; Duarte, Fabio] MIT, Ctr Real Estate, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
   [Salazar-Miranda, Arianna] MIT, Senseable City Lab, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
C3 Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
RP Salazar-Miranda, A (通讯作者)，MIT, Senseable City Lab, Dept Urban Studies & Planning, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM ariana@mit.edu
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NR 46
TC 5
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD DEC 15
PY 2022
VL 131
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.104010
EA NOV 2022
PG 12
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 6P6AN
UT WOS:000891011400008
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Singhal, M
AF Singhal, Meenakshi
TI NEIGHBORHOOD PLANNING AND WALKABILITY: IMPACT OF POPULATION DENSITY, ACCESSIBILITY, AND CONNECTIVITY ON THE WALKABILITY OF NEIGHBORHOODS - A CASE STUDY OF AMRITSAR, INDIA
SO JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID environments
AB The neighborhood-planning parameters of population density, accessibility to facilities, and connectivity are often associated with the walkability of neighborhoods. The purpose of this study is to understand how residents' walking preferences and perceptions of their neighborhood's pedestrian environment are associated with these parameters in the context of Amritsar, India. Fourteen neighborhoods representative of the city's diversity in terms of population density and built character were delineated and objectively assessed. Accessibility and connectivity values were developed for the neighborhoods using images from the Google Earth(TM) and Google Maps(TM) mapping services. Simultaneously, feedback was collected from 218 residents by trained surveyors regarding the residents' walking preferences and perceptions of their neighborhood's walkability. Statistical analysis utilized chi-square tests and cross-tab analysis to determine the associations. The study results suggest that the three neighborhood-planning parameters may influence how walkable a neighborhood is perceived to be. Therefore, to promote walkability in new neighborhood developments, consideration should be given to population density, accessibility to facilities, and connectivity.
C1 [Singhal, Meenakshi] Guru Nanak Dev Univ, Dept Architecture, TF-39 Teachers Flats, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
C3 Guru Nanak Dev University
RP Singhal, M (通讯作者)，Guru Nanak Dev Univ, Dept Architecture, TF-39 Teachers Flats, Amritsar 143005, Punjab, India.
EM meenakshi.arch@gndu.ac.in
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NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 9
PU LOCKE SCIENCE PUBL CO INC
PI CHICAGO
PA 117 WEST HARRISON BLDG SUITE 640-L221, CHICAGO, IL 60605 USA
SN 0738-0895
EI 
J9 J ARCHIT PLAN RES
JI J. Archit. Plan. Res.
PD SPR 15
PY 2022
VL 37
IS 1
BP 41
EP 54
DI 
PG 14
WC Environmental Studies; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 7X4AP
UT WOS:000914143000004
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Slabaugh, D
   Németh, J
   Rigolon, A
AF Slabaugh, Dani
   Nemeth, Jeremy
   Rigolon, Alessandro
TI Open Streets for Whom? Toward a Just Livability Revolution
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE active transportation; anti-racist planning; environmental justice; open streets; policing
ID environmental justice; green spaces; parks; health; inequity; safety; access
AB The COVID-19 pandemic has created opportunities for cities to close streets to automobile traffic in the name of public health. Although these interventions promise numerous benefits, neighborhood activists and scholars of color suggest they can perpetuate structurally racist inequities. In this Viewpoint, we implore planners and other city builders to think critically about the impact of these interventions by employing an environmental justice framework. Applying this framework in the open streets context exposes several potential paradoxes that arise. We conclude with a set of best practices that can help city builders transcend these paradoxes and extend this livability revolution to all.
C1 [Slabaugh, Dani] Univ Colorado, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
   [Nemeth, Jeremy] Univ Colorado, Urban & Reg Planning, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
   [Nemeth, Jeremy] Univ Colorado, PhD Program Geog Planning & Design, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
   [Rigolon, Alessandro] Univ Utah, Dept City & Metropolitan Planning, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
C3 University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
RP Slabaugh, D (通讯作者)，Univ Colorado, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
EM dani.slabaugh@ucdenver.edu; jeremy.nemeth@ucdenver.edu; alessandro.rigolon@utah.edu
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NR 96
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 20
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0194-4363
EI 1939-0130
J9 J AM PLANN ASSOC
JI J. Am. Plan. Assoc.
PD APR 3
PY 2022
VL 88
IS 2
BP 253
EP 261
DI 10.1080/01944363.2021.1955735
EA SEP 2021
PG 9
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 0E9ZD
UT WOS:000695897600001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Park, K
   Ewing, R
AF Park, Keunhyun
   Ewing, Reid
TI The Usability of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Pedestrian Observation
SO JOURNAL OF PLANNING EDUCATION AND RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE direct observation; pedestrian counting; pedestrian monitoring; unmanned aircraft systems; UAS
ID urban design quality; physical-activity; images; intersections; connectivity; environments; walkability; system; play
AB The monitoring of pedestrian activity is challenging, primarily because its traffic levels are typically lower and more variable than those of motorized vehicles. Compared with other on-the-ground observation tools, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) could be suitable for counting and mapping pedestrians in a reliable and efficient way. Thus, this study establishes and tests a new method of pedestrian observation using UAVs. The results show that UAV observations demonstrate high levels of interrater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.99) and equivalence reliability (Cronbach's alpha = .97 with on-the-ground counts and .73 with Google Street View). Practical implications of the new tool are discussed.
C1 [Park, Keunhyun] Utah State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Environm Planning, 4005 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
   [Ewing, Reid] Univ Utah, Resilient Places, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
C3 Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah
RP Park, K (通讯作者)，Utah State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Environm Planning, 4005 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM keunhyun.park@usu.edu
FU Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University
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NR 69
TC 25
Z9 30
U1 3
U2 41
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0739-456X
EI 1552-6577
J9 J PLAN EDUC RES
JI J. Plan. Educ. Res.
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 42
IS 2
BP 206
EP 217
DI 10.1177/0739456X18805154
PG 12
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 1I1TT
UT WOS:000797019100008
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Hillnhütter, H
AF Hillnhutter, Helge
TI Stimulating urban walking environments - Can we measure the effect?
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Walking; pedestrian; urban; environment; stimulation
AB Walking is an outdoor mobility. Understanding how urban environments influence the experience of walking enables walking to be supported through urban planning and design. This research demonstrates that the effect of a stimulating walking environment is a measurable factor. Psychological knowledge provides a background for quantifying the amount of visual stimulus that pedestrians receive unconsciously from the surrounding environment. While walking, people capture the visual environment through frequent head movements. By looking downwards to the walking surface, pedestrians turn away from what surrounds them. Socially active urban squares and pedestrian streets are highly stimulating. Head movements increase by 71% and looking down decreases by 54%, compared to environments designed for cars. Underpasses are the least stimulating. Head movements drop by 64% and time looked down increases by 164% in an underpass, compared to the busiest urban square in the study. A second analysis introduces a method to quantitatively represent the visual walking environment. Two multiple linear regression statistics uncover the environmental features that attract pedestrians' visual attention. If not crossing streets, pedestrians do not look at cars; they look at other people, non-monotonous facades and green features. Shop windows receive prolonged viewings, to inspect what is going on behind transparent facades. Narrower streets are more stimulating, as more details are closer to the eyes. The distance at which human sense organs can collect sensory information from the environment is limited. Walking environments that do not fit with this human scale are less stimulating.
C1 [Hillnhutter, Helge] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Architecture & Urban Planning, Alfred Getz Vei 3,Sentralbygg 1,5th Floor, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
C3 Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
RP Hillnhütter, H (通讯作者)，Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Architecture & Urban Planning, Alfred Getz Vei 3,Sentralbygg 1,5th Floor, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
EM helge.hillnhutter@ntnu.no
FU Norwegian Research Council; Asplan Viak AS
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NR 31
TC 35
Z9 41
U1 4
U2 40
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD JAN 15
PY 2022
VL 49
IS 1
BP 275
EP 289
DI 10.1177/23998083211002839
EA MAR 2021
PG 15
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA YF9XQ
UT WOS:000634482100001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Zhou, H
   Gu, JP
   Liu, Y
   Wang, XZ
AF Zhou, Huan
   Gu, Jianping
   Liu, Yong
   Wang, Xizi
TI The impact of the ?skeleton? and ?skin? for the streetscape on the walking behavior in 3D vertical cities
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial geometric structure; Elements of visual surface; 3D streetscape; Walking behavior; Commuting and noncommuting purpose; Street view
ID built environment; physical-activity; visual enclosure; view; associations; walkability; patterns; level; green; location
AB To reconcile the conflict between urban population agglomeration and spatial resource constraints, some cities are continuously expanding their space to high altitudes, gradually changing human activity behavior at the same time. Most of the literature analyzing the walking environment based on a two-dimensional (2D) plane may generate a significant deviation in portraying real-world urban scenes. The paper contributes to the literature by providing the ???skeleton??? and ???skin??? measurements to portray spatial geometric structures and the elements of visual surface for streetscapes in real-world urban scenes. Furthermore, this study fills the research gap in how three dimensional (3D) vertical landscapes influence walking behaviors for commuting and noncommuting purposes. The findings reveal that the strong enclosure skeleton of the street may inhibit walking behavior by creating a sense of oppression, while green, blue, and diverse skin for the streetscapes facilitates resident participation in noncommuting walking. This paper calls on planners to create more public spaces with human -oriented size and natural landscapes beside streets to achieve a pedestrian-friendly 3D vertical city.
C1 [Zhou, Huan] Southeast Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Nanjing 218889, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
   [Gu, Jianping; Liu, Yong; Wang, Xizi] Chongqing Univ, Sch Management Sci & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
C3 Southeast University - China; Chongqing University
RP Gu, JP (通讯作者)，Chongqing Univ, Sch Management Sci & Real Estate, Chongqing 400045, Peoples R China.
EM 220211403@seu.edu.cn; gu.jianping611@gmail.com; liuyong80@cqu.edu.cn; xizi_wang@qq.com
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NR 79
TC 21
Z9 23
U1 8
U2 56
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
EI 1872-6062
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD NOV 15
PY 2022
VL 227
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2022.104543
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 5S0VX
UT WOS:000874920000001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Calonge-Reillo, F
AF Calonge-Reillo, Fernando
TI More fear, less walking: taking a walk in fortified housing environments in urban Mexico
SO JOURNAL OF HOUSING AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Fear of crime; Walking; Fortified enclaves; Public security; Mexico
AB The effects of gated community environments on walking are well documented. Most contributions focus on the built environment, and show how the lack of street connectivity usually discourages walking, along with long and defensive walls, dull public spaces, and the absence of retail shops and interesting places. This paper takes a complementary approach, as it questions why people in housing developments with access barriers stopped taking a walk outside, due to security concerns. It is based on the National Survey on Victimization and Perception of Public Security, 2018, carried out in households by the National Bureau of Statistics in Mexico. Results did not allow to conclusively confirm that people in fortified developments avoided taking a walk outside to a larger extent than people in non-fortified enclaves due to security concerns. Nevertheless, the study discovered that different drives led people to cease to take a walk outside, depending on the kind of development. Residents in housing developments with access barriers refrained more from taking a walk outside because of security perception and fear of crime. Concurrently, inhabitants in non-fortified housing developments stopped taking a walk outside owing to 'objective' conditions, such as socio-spatial disorder in the neighborhood and the state of residence.
C1 [Calonge-Reillo, Fernando] Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Tonala, Tonala, Mexico.
C3 Universidad de Guadalajara
RP Calonge-Reillo, F (通讯作者)，Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Tonala, Tonala, Mexico.
EM fernando.calonge@academicos.udg.mx
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NR 53
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-4910
EI 1573-7772
J9 J HOUS BUILT ENVIRON
JI J. Hous. Built Environ.
PD MAR 15
PY 2022
VL 37
IS 1
BP 443
EP 458
DI 10.1007/s10901-021-09846-9
EA APR 2021
PG 16
WC Environmental Studies; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA ZI0AN
UT WOS:000642381200001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Elzeni, MM
   ELMokadem, AA
   Badawy, NM
AF Elzeni, Mostafa M.
   ELMokadem, Ashraf A.
   Badawy, Nancy M.
TI Impact of urban morphology on pedestrians: A review of urban approaches
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Review
DE Microclimate; Pedestrian; Spatial configuration; Urban morphology; Urban qualities
ID outdoor thermal comfort; land-use; space syntax; street; walking; environment; city; walkability; movement; behavior
AB There are 127 million walking trips in the United States every day. For many years, urban planning has intentionally disregarded or remained unconscious about the needs of human beings as the rate of vehicle ownership in cities continues to increase. Thus, improving urban morphology to promote a better quality of life among pedestrians is necessary. The article provides an integration review between several urban approaches to answer the following questions: What are the factors affecting pedestrians? And How does urban morphology affect pedestrians? The study proposes three categories of factors, The study finds seven pedestrian responses related to the effect of urban morphology on pedestrians. The main contributions of this research study are (1) an integrative review of existing literature studying the interaction between pedestrians and urban morphology using social, spatial, visual, or climatic approaches and (2) a novel Factors/Responses model base on stimulus organism response theory the model integrates multiple approaches to identify urban morphology factors that affect pedestrians and find pedestrian responses to each of these factors. (3) Update a pedestrian needs model based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. The novel model can be used to study the interaction between pedestrian and urban morphology to enhance pedestrian conditions.
C1 [Elzeni, Mostafa M.; ELMokadem, Ashraf A.; Badawy, Nancy M.] Port Said Univ, Fac Engn, Architecture & Urban Planning Dept, Port Said, Egypt.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Port Said University
RP Elzeni, MM (通讯作者)，Port Said Univ, Fac Engn, Architecture & Urban Planning Dept, Port Said, Egypt.
EM Mma.elzeni@eng.psu.edu.eg
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NR 144
TC 49
Z9 52
U1 18
U2 244
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI London
PA 125 London Wall, London, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD OCT 15
PY 2022
VL 129
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2022.103840
EA JUL 2022
PG 17
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA 2Z9MI
UT WOS:000826892100001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Talamini, G
   Shao, D
   Chow, AHF
   Sun, GB
AF Talamini, Gianni
   Shao, Di
   Chow, Andy H. F.
   Sun, Guibo
TI The controversial impact of pedestrian guardrails on road crossing behaviours. Evidence from Hong Kong
SO URBAN DESIGN INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrian crossing behaviours; Pedestrian guardrails; Longitudinal observation; Walkability; High-density city
ID route-choice; crashes; safety; perceptions; environment; violations; vehicles; drivers; place
AB Pedestrian guardrails (PGs) are common in high-density cities, but growing debate focuses on whether PGs provide pedestrian comfort and assure safety. The quasi-experimental condition, created by 2019-2020 Hong Kong protesters dismantling PGs the government later restored, allowed for a longitudinal study of how PGs impact pedestrian crossing behaviours at the intersection of Mong Kok Road and Sai Yeung Choi Street South. 6762 pedestrian behaviours were collected through video recording from periods before and after PG restoration; psychological factors linked to crossing behaviour were further investigated through a questionnaire. Per observations, crossing through the shortest route comprised most (25.24%) aberrant behaviours. PG restoration significantly reduced low-risk crossings but increased high-risk behaviours. Specifically, people aged 65+ were more likely to cross the road aberrantly to avoid grade-separated pedestrian crossings. The questionnaire results (N = 205) suggest pedestrians feel ambivalent about PGs. Taking shortcuts was the main reason for pedestrian misbehaviour (85.8% agreement rate). Additionally, pedestrians relied more on internal judgements of traffic situations than on external controls. Noticeably, PGs provided feelings of safety, despite not being designed to protect pedestrians from straying vehicles. These findings could inform designs for safe, comfortable pedestrian environments.
C1 [Talamini, Gianni; Shao, Di] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Kowloon Tong, 6-F Yeung Kin Man Acad Bldg,Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Chow, Andy H. F.] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Adv Design & Syst Engn, Kowloon Tong, 6-F Yeung Kin Man Acad Bldg,Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Sun, Guibo] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Urban Planning & Design, Urban Analyt & Intervent Res Lab, 8-F Knowles Bldg,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
C3 City University of Hong Kong; City University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong
RP Talamini, G (通讯作者)，City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Kowloon Tong, 6-F Yeung Kin Man Acad Bldg,Tat Chee Ave, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM gianntal@cityu.edu.hk; dshao5-c@my.cityu.edu.hk; andychow@cityu.edu.hk; gbsun@hku.hk
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NR 66
TC 4
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 20
PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1357-5317
EI 1468-4519
J9 URBAN DES INT
JI Urban Des. Int.
PD JUN 15
PY 2022
VL 27
IS 2
BP 156
EP 172
DI 10.1057/s41289-022-00184-y
EA APR 2022
PG 17
WC Architecture; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 2T3EV
UT WOS:000784068900001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

