PT J
AU Zhu, WF
   Sun, YL
   Kurka, J
   Geremia, C
   Engelberg, JK
   Cain, K
   Conway, T
   Sallis, JF
   Hooker, SP
   Adams, MA
AF Zhu, Wenfei
   Sun, Yuliang
   Kurka, Jonathan
   Geremia, Carrie
   Engelberg, Jessa K.
   Cain, Kelli
   Conway, Terry
   Sallis, James F.
   Hooker, Steven P.
   Adams, Marc A.
TI Reliability between online raters with varying familiarities of a region: Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes (MAPS)
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Microscale audit; Streetscapes; Pedestrian; Physical activity; walkability
ID physical-activity; built environment; neighborhood environment; google earth; older-adults; walkability; instrument; patterns; quality; field
AB Background. To test inter-rater reliability of the online Microscale Audit of Pedestrian Streetscapes (MAPS) tool between raters with varying familiarities of Phoenix, Arizona. Methods: The online MAPS tool, based on the MAPS in-field audit tool and scoring system, was used for audits. Sixty route pairs, 141 segment pairs, and 92 crossing pairs in Phoenix were included. Each route, segment or crossing was audited by two independent raters: one rater in Phoenix and the other in San Diego, California, respectively. Item, subscale scores, and total scores reliability analyses were computed using Kappa or intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Results: The route overall score had substantial reliability (ICC: 0.832). Of the route subscale and overall scores, sixteen out of twenty had moderate to substantial reliability (ICC: 0.616-0.906), and the four subscales had fair reliability (ICC: 0.409-0.563). Sixteen out of twenty scores in segment and crossing sections demonstrated fair to substantial reliability (ICC: 0.448-0.897), and the remaining four had slight reliability (ICC: 0.348-0.364). Conclusions: Most of the online MAPS items, subscales, and overall scores demonstrated fair to substantial reliability between raters with varied familiarities of the Phoenix area. Results: support use of online MAPS to measure microscale elements of the built environment by raters unfamiliar with a region.
C1 [Zhu, Wenfei; Sun, Yuliang] Shaanxi Normal Univ, Sch Phys Educ, Xian 710119, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
   [Kurka, Jonathan; Hooker, Steven P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Nutr & Hlth Promot, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA.
   [Geremia, Carrie; Engelberg, Jessa K.; Cain, Kelli; Conway, Terry; Sallis, James F.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
   [Adams, Marc A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Nutr & Hlth Promot, 425 N,5th St MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA.
   [Adams, Marc A.] Arizona State Univ, Global Inst Sustainabil, 425 N,5th St MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA.
C3 Shaanxi Normal University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Downtown Phoenix; University of California System; University of California San Diego; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Downtown Phoenix; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Downtown Phoenix
RP Adams, MA (通讯作者)，Arizona State Univ, Sch Nutr & Hlth Promot, 425 N,5th St MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA.; Adams, MA (通讯作者)，Arizona State Univ, Global Inst Sustainabil, 425 N,5th St MC9020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA.
EM wzhu@snnu.edu.cn; ysun@snnu.edu.cn; Jonathan.Kurka@asu.edu; cgeremia@ucsd.edu; jkengelb@ucsd.edu; kcain@uesd.edu; tlconway@ucsd.edu; jsallis@ucsd.edu; Steven.Hooker@asu.edu; Marc.Adams@asu.edu
FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [GK201603128, GK201603129]; National Institutes of Health [R01HL109222, R01CA198915]
CR Adams MA, 2015, AM J PREV MED, V49, P878, DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.05.024
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NR 33
TC 25
Z9 29
U1 3
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
EI 1872-6062
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD NOV 15
PY 2017
VL 167
IS 
BP 240
EP 248
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.06.014
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FJ7SO
UT WOS:000412959400023
PM 29170571
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Moura, F
   Cambra, P
   Gonçalves, AB
AF Moura, Filipe
   Cambra, Paulo
   Goncalves, Alexandre B.
TI Measuring walkability for distinct pedestrian groups with a participatory assessment method: A case study in Lisbon
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; Walkability score validation; Pedestrian planning; Urban design; Built environment
ID urban design; physical-activity; walking; environment; city; validation
AB Walkability has been defined as the extent to which the urban environment is pedestrian friendly. By measuring it, planning professionals may be able to address the quality of the pedestrian environment, supporting more objective, effective and comprehensive walking-related strategies and interventions. This work presents a participatory framework for the assessment of walkability based on local circumstances and expertise, replicable on distinct urban contexts. The framework takes into account distinct pedestrian groups (adults, children, seniors and impaired mobility pedestrians) and trip purposes (utilitarian, leisure), expressing walkability in terms of seven key dimensions (7C's layout). From this conceptual framework, a methodology to evaluate walkability through GIS-based and street auditing indicators is presented. It was applied to an area in central Lisbon, Portugal, in order to evaluate the ease or difficulty that different types of pedestrians can face in their walking activities and, potentially, providing an insight for intervention and improvements. The results show clear differences in walkability scores for different pedestrian groups, namely between adults and seniors or impaired pedestrians. Besides, a validation of the results is presented by comparing street performance, as measured by our process, with home-based surveys conducted within the study area. Validation results confirm that the evaluation framework proposed is reliable in the representation of the pedestrian environment qualities as perceived by the public. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Moura, Filipe; Cambra, Paulo; Goncalves, Alexandre B.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Av Rovisco Pais 1, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
   [Moura, Filipe] Inst Super Tecn, Dept Civil Engn Architecture & Georesources, CERIS CESUR, Lisbon, Portugal.
   [Goncalves, Alexandre B.] Inst Super Tecn, Dept Civil Engn Architecture & Georesources, CERIS ICIST, Lisbon, Portugal.
C3 Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa
RP Gonçalves, AB (通讯作者)，Univ Lisbon, Inst Super Tecn, Av Rovisco Pais 1, P-1049001 Lisbon, Portugal.
EM fmoura@tecnico.ulisboa.pt; paulo.cambra@tecnico.ulisboa.pt; alexandre.goncalves@tecnico.ulisboa.pt
FU Portuguese Foundation of Science and Technology (FCT) [EXPL/ECM-TRA/2416/2013]; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [EXPL/ECM-TRA/2416/2013] Funding Source: FCT
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NR 56
TC 283
Z9 348
U1 6
U2 354
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
EI 1872-6062
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD JAN 15
PY 2017
VL 157
IS 
BP 282
EP 296
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.07.002
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA EF2VI
UT WOS:000390183300027
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Nalmpantis, D
   Lampou, SC
   Naniopoulos, A
AF Nalmpantis, Dimitrios
   Lampou, Sofia-Christina
   Naniopoulos, Aristotelis
TI The concept of woonerf zone applied in university campuses: the case of the campus of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
SO 3RD CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY (3RD CSUM 2016)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE Woonerf zone; university campus; road safety; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
AB In this paper, the concept of transferring the idea of woonerf zone from residential areas to university campuses is examined and the campus of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki is used as a case study for future implementation. The benefits of such an approach seem to be promising, since it may alleviate the tension between drivers and pedestrians and increase significantly the accessibility and road safety creating thus a livable and sustainable campus' environment open to the city of Thessaloniki. Preliminary results of a relevant questionnaire survey are presented showing a positive response from the academic community. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Nalmpantis, Dimitrios; Lampou, Sofia-Christina; Naniopoulos, Aristotelis] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Engn, 1st Fl,Edron Bldg,AUTh Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
C3 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
RP Nalmpantis, D (通讯作者)，Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Engn, 1st Fl,Edron Bldg,AUTh Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
EM dnalba@civil.auth.gr
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NR 18
TC 15
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2352-1465
EI 
J9 TRANSP RES PROC
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 
BP 450
EP 458
DI 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.071
PG 9
WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology; Urban Studies
SC Transportation; Urban Studies
GA BI0MF
UT WOS:000404962500057
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Kang, CD
AF Kang, Chang-Deok
TI Measuring the effects of street network configurations on walking in Seoul, Korea
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Street network; Street configuration; Walk; Multilevel regression; Seoul
ID built environment; urban form; physical-activity; land-uses; neighborhood; travel; centrality; density; location; design
AB Many scholars have confirmed the close correlation between street network configurations and pedestrian behavior. To elaborate on this discussion and to analyze the connection between street layout and walking using sophisticated methods, we attempt to capture the links and surrounding network features of urban street patterns. To this end, we employ the following four elements: closeness, betweenness, severance, and efficiency. Our empirical study examines street network configurations via a multi-scale network radius. The results show that locations with closer destinations and areas where people pass more frequently throughout a given network are associated with higher walking volume. Furthermore, a greater resemblance between straight-line and path distances from origins to destinations tend to encourage walking mobility. A longer convex hull, with a maximum radius that covers a wider shape and structure of links, is the most favorable setting for walking within a radius of up to 500 m. We confirm that a higher convex hull-shape index reveals more deviation from the circularity of a street network's convex hull. This negatively affects walking within a radius of 1-2 km. We conclude that link and network radius-based attributes of street formations have significant effects on the spatial variations of walking within multi-scale walkable neighborhoods. The framework and results are intended to help with the design of pedestrian-friendly street patterns and to create sustainable and livable cities.
C1 [Kang, Chang-Deok] Chung Ang Univ, Dept Urban Planning & Real Estate, 84 Heukseok Ro, Seoul 156756, South Korea.
C3 Chung Ang University
RP Kang, CD (通讯作者)，Chung Ang Univ, Dept Urban Planning & Real Estate, 84 Heukseok Ro, Seoul 156756, South Korea.
EM cdkang@cau.ac.kr
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   Rashid M, 2016, THE GEOMETRY OF URBAN LAYOUTS : A GLOBAL COMPARATIVE STUDY, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-30750-3
   Rodríguez DA, 2006, J AM PLANN ASSOC, V72, P43, DOI 10.1080/01944360608976723
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   Sung HG, 2013, CITIES, V35, P164, DOI 10.1016/j.cities.2013.07.010
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   Xiao Y, 2016, URBAN STUD, V53, P112, DOI 10.1177/0042098014560500
NR 55
TC 68
Z9 78
U1 2
U2 67
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD NOV 15
PY 2017
VL 71
IS 
BP 30
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2017.07.005
PG 11
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA FQ2UO
UT WOS:000418213700004
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Sidek, MFJ
   Othman, NNAN
   Hamsa, AAK
   Noor, NM
   Ibrahim, M
AF Sidek, M. F. J.
   Othman, N. N. A. N.
   Hamsa, A. A. K.
   Noor, N. M.
   Ibrahim, M.
TI Summary on the effect of density, diversity and pedestrian infrastructure on the use of rail-based urban public transport
SO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING VIII
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE public transit; travel demand; land use density; land use diversity; pedestrian infrastructure design; transit-oriented design
ID land-use; transit
AB The high increase in travel demand, particularly in the urban areas requires continuous provision of new road and related infrastructure. However, provision of new road infrastructure is not always feasible due to constraints on the availability of limited resources and adverse negative impacts on the environment. Thus, public transit is one of the viable solutions that can be considered in addressing the increase in travel demand especially in urban areas. However, the patronage on public transit is not encouraging in major car-oriented cities in Malaysia including Kuala Lumpur. The rise in the private vehicle ownership, disaggregated spread of major land use activities, low public transit network coverage and limited public transit services are some of the main reasons for this trend. The aim of this paper is to synthesise and critically evaluate the effects of land use Density, Diversity and pedestrian infrastructure Design (3Ds) on rail-based urban public transport ridership from literature review. This paper analyses the existing literature on Transit-Oriented Design (TOD), its elements and characteristics as well as its successful application in few selected countries to ascertain the extent of land use characteristics effects on the use of rail-based public transit. This paper also draws attention to opportunities for further studies and its benefit for future selection of transit station.
C1 [Sidek, M. F. J.; Othman, N. N. A. N.; Hamsa, A. A. K.; Noor, N. M.; Ibrahim, M.] Int Islamic Univ Malaysia, Kulliyyah Architecture & Environm Design, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
C3 International Islamic University Malaysia
RP Sidek, MFJ (通讯作者)，Int Islamic Univ Malaysia, Kulliyyah Architecture & Environm Design, Dept Urban & Reg Planning, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
CR Unknown -, 2010, NEW URBAN NEWS PUBLI, V0, P0
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NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 31
PU WIT PRESS
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ASHURST, ENGLAND
SN 1743-3541
EI 
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
JI WIT Trans. Ecol. Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 210
IS 
BP 567
EP 576
DI 10.2495/SDP160471
PG 10
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA BQ7QZ
UT WOS:000618346600047
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Galanis, A
   Botzoris, G
   Eliou, N
AF Galanis, Athanasios
   Botzoris, George
   Eliou, Nikolaos
TI Pedestrian road safety in relation to urban road type and traffic flow
SO 3RD CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY (3RD CSUM 2016)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE pedestrian; road safety; road type; traffic flow; sustainability
ID injury severity; crashes; environment; travel; model
AB The paper presents an analysis of the relationship between pedestrian road safety, urban road type and motorists' traffic flow. A suitable index for the evaluation of the walkability level of an urban street is the pedestrian traffic flow and the walking behavior. The researchers examined six urban streets of various types in the city of Volos (a medium-sized Greek city, 130,000 inhabitants). They collected data of the pedestrian traffic flow and their legal or illegal walking behavior for each road segment of the examined streets. Furthermore, they collected data of motorists' traffic flow in the same road segments of the streets in the study area. The combination of those data with the administrative ranking of each road can indicate a walkability level of an examined street or a specific route and reveal pedestrians' mobility and safety issues. This study supports that walking behavior differs for various road types. Pedestrians with the highest rate of legal behavior were presented in main arterials (91.8%) and the lowest one in local streets (53.7%). Low level of motorized traffic flow in combination with maintenance and mobility problems in pedestrian infrastructure incites pedestrians to walk in the street thus underestimating their safety issues. Promotion of pedestrian mobility emphasizing in safety issues can change the modal split in favor of vulnerable road users, increase the sustainability index of an urban area and improve the citizens' quality of life. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Galanis, Athanasios; Eliou, Nikolaos] Univ Thessaly, Dept Civil Engn, Volos 38334, Volos, Greece.
   [Botzoris, George] Democritus Univ Thrace, Dept Civil Engn, Vas Sofias 12, GR-67100 Xanthi, Greece.
C3 University of Thessaly; Democritus University of Thrace
RP Galanis, A (通讯作者)，Univ Thessaly, Dept Civil Engn, Volos 38334, Volos, Greece.
EM atgalanis@uth.gr
CR Al-Ghamdi AS, 2002, ACCIDENT ANAL PREV, V34, P205, DOI 10.1016/S0001-4575(01)00015-X
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NR 22
TC 27
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2352-1465
EI 
J9 TRANSP RES PROC
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 
BP 220
EP 227
DI 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.111
PG 8
WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology; Urban Studies
SC Transportation; Urban Studies
GA BI0MF
UT WOS:000404962500028
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Tsiompras, AB
   Photis, YN
AF Tsiompras, Alexandros Bartzokas
   Photis, Yorgos N.
TI What matters when it comes to "Walk and the city"? Defining a weighted GIS-based walkability index
SO 3RD CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY (3RD CSUM 2016)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE walkability; Borda count method; built environment; Greece; walking; pedestrians
ID physical-activity; built environment; connectivity; proximity; behavior; density; mix
AB proliferation of auto-dependent lifestyles. The idea of walkability can be defined as the extent to which the built environment supports and encourages safe, comfortable and interesting urban walking trips. Thus, walkability is a relative composite measure, which can be geovisualized by assessing both built environment characteristics that affect people's travel behavior as well as information gathered through audits and surveys. To this end, our paper deals with the definition of a weighted GIS-based composite walkability index methodology. During the first phase the following parameters formulate the initial value of our index: population density, pathway network connectivity, land use mix and proximity to basic land uses. In the second phase, pathway characteristics such as its width, obstacles and condition, with problematic values negatively affect the index and reduce its value. Although the international debate in this scientific field has not yet concluded whether a walkability index should be weighted or not, we delve into the exploitation of the suitable index's parameters weights. In our study, weights ensued from a Pan-Hellenic electronic questionnaire survey constituting of a sample of 871 people mainly sought the hierarchical significance of each of the walkability index's parameters and sub-parameters according to the preferences of respondents which stated they basically choose walking/cycling to their daily destinations. Hierarchy analysis of results was carried out through the utilization of the Borda count election method, a consensus-based method instead of a majoritarian one. Results indicated that proximity to basic urban destinations is assigned the highest weight with a value of 38.3% and population density the lowest with a value of 13.8%. Finally, pathways with small or zero width reduced the index's initial value up to 41,1%. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B. V.
C1 [Tsiompras, Alexandros Bartzokas; Photis, Yorgos N.] Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch Rural & Surveying Engn, Zographou Campus, GR-15773 Athens, Greece.
C3 National Technical University of Athens
RP Tsiompras, AB (通讯作者)，Natl Tech Univ Athens, Sch Rural & Surveying Engn, Zographou Campus, GR-15773 Athens, Greece.
EM abartzok@mail.ntua.gr
CR Unknown -, 2001, TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD, V0, P0
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NR 31
TC 38
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2352-1465
EI 
J9 TRANSP RES PROC
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 
BP 523
EP 530
DI 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.06.001
PG 8
WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology; Urban Studies
SC Transportation; Urban Studies
GA BI0MF
UT WOS:000404962500066
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Bereitschaft, B
AF Bereitschaft, Bradley
TI Equity in neighbourhood walkability? A comparative analysis of three large U.S. cities
SO LOCAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; neighbourhood walkability; walk score; equity walkability; social vulnerability; environmental justice
ID us metropolitan-areas; built environment; elementary-schools; physical-activity; walk score(tm); travel; poverty; transit; access; gentrification
AB This study examines the spatial and statistical relationships between social vulnerability (SV) and neighbourhood walkability across three large U.S. cities with different urban typologies and development patterns: Charlotte, NC (a low-density, fast-growing "Sunbelt" city); Pittsburgh, PA (a moderate density, shrinking "Rust Belt" city); and Portland, OR (a progressive West Coast city known for its sprawl-containment policies). Binary logistic regression, independent-samples t-tests, and mapping techniques are employed to determine whether neighbourhoods with high SV (i.e. older populations, higher poverty rates, more service occupations, lower educational attainment, and a higher proportion of minorities) are as likely as those with low SV to exhibit a high degree of walkability. The publically available Walk Score (R) metric, based on proximity to amenities, street network connectivity, and density, was used as a proxy for neighbourhood walkability. The results indicate significant variability among cities, with Charlotte exhibiting the greatest potential for inequitable access to walkable urban environments and the most prominent concentration of "walk-vulnerable" block groups (BGs) with high SV and low walkability. Both Portland and Pittsburgh exhibited more equitable access when comparing BGs with high and low SV; however, they each presented unique spatial patterns, visualised using a series of maps.
C1 [Bereitschaft, Bradley] Univ Nebraska, Dept Geog Geol, 6001 Dodge St,Durham Sci Ctr 263, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
C3 University of Nebraska System
RP Bereitschaft, B (通讯作者)，Univ Nebraska, Dept Geog Geol, 6001 Dodge St,Durham Sci Ctr 263, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
EM bbereitschaft@unomaha.edu
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NR 98
TC 50
Z9 66
U1 0
U2 72
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1354-9839
EI 1469-6711
J9 LOCAL ENVIRON
JI Local Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 22
IS 7
BP 859
EP 879
DI 10.1080/13549839.2017.1297390
PG 21
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA EV4LT
UT WOS:000401732200005
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Barthelemy, M
AF Barthelemy, Marc
TI From paths to blocks: New measures for street patterns
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Network graphs; network structure; space syntax; street networks; urban morphology
ID spatial networks; urban streets; centrality
AB The street network is an important aspect of cities and contains crucial information about their organization and evolution. Characterizing and comparing various street networks could then be helpful for a better understanding of the mechanisms governing the formation and evolution of these systems. Their characterization is however not easy: there are no simple tools to classify planar networks and most of the measures developed for complex networks are not useful when space is relevant. Here, we describe recent efforts in this direction and new methods adapted to spatial networks. We will first discuss measures based on the structure of shortest paths, among which the betweenness centrality. In particular for time-evolving road networks, we will show that the spatial distribution of the betweenness centrality is able to reveal the impact of important structural transformations. Shortest paths are however not the only relevant ones. In particular, they can be very different from those with the smallest number of turns-the simplest paths. The statistical comparison of the lengths of the shortest and simplest paths provides a nontrivial and nonlocal information about the spatial organization of planar graphs. We define the simplicity index as the average ratio of these lengths and the simplicity profile characterizes the simplicity at different scales. Measuring these quantities on artificial (roads, highways, railways) and natural networks (leaves, insect wings) show that there are fundamental differences-probably related to their different function-in the organization of urban and biological systems: there is a clear hierarchy of the lengths of straight lines in biological cases, but they are randomly distributed in urban systems. The paths are however not enough to fully characterize the spatial pattern of planar networks such as streets and roads. Another promising direction is to analyze the statistics of blocks of the planar network. More precisely, we can use the conditional probability distribution of the shape factor of blocks with a given area, and define what could constitute the fingerprint of a city. These fingerprints can then serve as a basis for a classification of cities based on their street patterns. This method applied on more than 130 cities in the world leads to four broad families of cities characterized by different abundances of blocks of a certain area and shape. This classification will be helpful for identifying dominant mechanisms governing the formation and evolution of street patterns.
C1 [Barthelemy, Marc] CEA, Inst Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
C3 CEA; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Saclay
RP Barthelemy, M (通讯作者)，CEA, Inst Phys Theor, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
EM marc.barthelemy@cea.fr
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NR 47
TC 42
Z9 52
U1 1
U2 47
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD MAR 15
PY 2017
VL 44
IS 2
BP 256
EP 271
DI 10.1177/0265813515599982
PG 16
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA EP6VP
UT WOS:000397517300004
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Ibrahim, A
   Alattar, A
AF Ibrahim, Abdelkhalek
   Alattar, Abdullah
TI Street Networks between traditional and new Egyptian developments, Problems and learned lessons
SO GREEN URBANISM (GU)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE Connectivity; Street Networks; Simple Network Analysis; Route Structure Analysis; Urban Form; Walkability; Accessebility
ID neighborhood
AB With no doubt, street network design and urban form are assumed to mutually influence each other over time and the link between them is well tested in literature. In Egypt, however, this link is seemingly ambiguous particularly in planning of the new cities. In most of the new-city plans no apparent street pattern relevant to the Egyptian city have been introduced which in turn create unsustainable cities. It is widely agreed that the traditional urban form developed hundreds of years ago may hold some significant guidelines for the future. The current generation of the new city policy invite some urban sustainability guidelines based on the international benchmarks and with some applicable to the traditional form. As a result, an increase demand for defining a sustainable urban form for the new cities is quickly raised. This paper extends the discussions over the sustainability urban form using the analysis of road network. The paper makes a critical comparison between different cases from Greater Cairo Region that range from early developed neighbourhoods to the new planned cases. Route Structure Analysis and Simple Network analysis are the two main themes employed here in building the analytical framework that are then translated into a number of dimensions and quantitative measurements. The research uses a geographic information system (GIS) as an instrument for the analysis.
C1 [Ibrahim, Abdelkhalek; Alattar, Abdullah] Cairo Univ, Fac Urban & Reg Planning, Giza, Giza Governorat, Egypt.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Cairo University
RP Ibrahim, A (通讯作者)，Cairo Univ, Fac Urban & Reg Planning, Giza, Giza Governorat, Egypt.
EM abokhalek@yahoo.com
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NR 41
TC 2
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1878-0296
EI 
J9 PROCEDIA ENVIRON SCI
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 37
IS 
BP 306
EP 318
DI 10.1016/j.proenv.2017.03.061
PG 13
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA BI0IW
UT WOS:000404866900026
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Rafiemanzelat, R
   Emadi, MI
   Kamali, AJ
AF Rafiemanzelat, Reihaneh
   Emadi, Maryam Imani
   Kamali, Aida Jalal
TI City sustainability: the influence of walkability on built environments
SO 3RD CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY (3RD CSUM 2016)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE City sustainability; Built environment; Walkability; Walking behavior
ID physical-activity; public-health; walking; determinants; lessons; form
AB A vital issue in community is providing an easy access to the transport network for different range of community members such as; very young, old, children and disable people. The functions that walking and walkable area can be support includes community involvement, health, meeting and gathering and recreation which has positive effects on sustainability and vice versa. Walkability is the basis of sustainable city. The same as bicycling, walking can be known as 'green' type of transportation which except crowding reduction and also has low level of environmental influence, energy conserving without any air and noise pollution. It can be more than a purely useful type of travel to shopping, school and work. Also have both social and recreational importance. This research aims at supporting urban design knowledge and practice and contributing to the broader field of "walkability" by refining the methods and measures used to analyse the relationship between walking behaviour and physical environment and its impacts on city sustainability. In order to integrate knowledge from theories and research on walkability from different fields and of different perspectives, it is crucial to first build a broader view and a more comprehensive understanding of how the built environment influences walking. What has been done during the earlier part of this project, and will be shown in this research, is to provide a better understanding of the complexity of the relationship between the built environment and walking and also the complexity that lies in both of these entities, the urban form and walking activity. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Rafiemanzelat, Reihaneh; Emadi, Maryam Imani; Kamali, Aida Jalal] Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Dept Architecture, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey.
C3 Eastern Mediterranean University
RP Rafiemanzelat, R (通讯作者)，Eastern Mediterranean Univ, Dept Architecture, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey.
EM Reihaneh_rafiemanzelat@yahoo.com
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NR 31
TC 63
Z9 92
U1 0
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2352-1465
EI 
J9 TRANSP RES PROC
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 
BP 97
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.074
PG 8
WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology; Urban Studies
SC Transportation; Urban Studies
GA BI0MF
UT WOS:000404962500013
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Koschinsky, J
   Talen, E
   Alfonzo, M
   Lee, S
AF Koschinsky, Julia
   Talen, Emily
   Alfonzo, Mariela
   Lee, Sungduck
TI How walkable is Walker's paradise?
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Accessibility; built environment; design methods
ID irvine-minnesota inventory; measure built environments; physical-activity; neighborhood characteristics; walking; obesity; availability; associations; walkability; score(r)
AB This article tests the extent to which a measure of walkable access is a good proxy for the quality of the walking environment. Based on existing findings on inequalities of walkability, we ask whether this relation varies between neighborhoods with low and high incomes. Walk Score is used to measure walkable access while the State of Place Index is applied to synthesize the qualitative urban form dimensions collected as part of the Irvine Minnesota Inventory. Simple bivariate correlations and difference-in-means tests assess the relationship and difference in average scores between the two. We draw on an existing sample of 115 walkable neighborhoods in the Washington, DC metro area that Mariela Alfonzo and colleagues had collected for previous research and that we augmented to include additional low-income neighborhoods. Our results reveal a strong and positive overall association between walkable access (Walk Score) and walkability (State of Place). However, this association masks problems with the quality of the walking environment that are significantly larger in low-income neighborhoods (even those with very good walkable access), especially regarding connectivity, personal safety, and the presence of litter and graffiti. As a proxy for walkability, Walk Score's walkable access measure is, therefore, not equally strong across all neighborhoods but declines with income. In this sense, Walker's Paradise is more walkable in higher than low-income neighborhoods.
C1 [Koschinsky, Julia; Talen, Emily] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, POB 875302, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   [Alfonzo, Mariela] NYU, Sch Engn, New York, NY USA.
   [Lee, Sungduck] Iowa State Univ, Coll Design, Dept Architecture, Ames, IA USA.
C3 Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; New York University; Iowa State University
RP Koschinsky, J (通讯作者)，Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, POB 875302, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM julia.koschinsky@asu.edu
FU U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
CR Alfonzo M, 2014, PREV MED, V39, P0
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   Ramsey K, 2012, EPAS SMART LOCATION DATABASE: A NATIONAL DATASET FOR CHARACTERIZING LOCATION SUSTAINABILITY AND URBAN FORM, V0, P0
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   Steiniger S, 2013, INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMME, VXL-4, P0
   Talen E, 2015, FIXING SPRAWL, V0, P0
   Talen Emily, 2013, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE LAND USE URBAN PLANNING, V1, P42, DOI 10.24102/ijslup.v1i1.211
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   Weinberger R, 2012, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP20, DOI 10.3141/2322-03
NR 65
TC 52
Z9 65
U1 2
U2 31
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. CIty Sci.
PD MAR 15
PY 2017
VL 44
IS 2
BP 343
EP 363
DI 10.1177/0265813515625641
PG 21
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA EP6VP
UT WOS:000397517300009
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Badawi, S
AF Badawi, Samaa
TI Sustainable approach for developing local mixed- use streets Case study Beit Al Maqdis Street in Jeddah
SO GREEN URBANISM (GU)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE Green Urbanism; sustainable urban movements; New Urbanism; Pedestrian Friendly Street
AB Designing streets as successful public spaces represents the spine of all sustainable urban movements. As a part of the continuing efforts of Saudi Arabia in the field of urban development; the research aims to investigate one of the local streets of Jeddah city -Beit Al Maqdis Street- in terms of main functions and form of the surrounding buildings to identify problems and potentials of the street as a public space. The research will conclude in proposal for developing one of the mixed use streets in Jeddah, using sustainable streets' strategies to be an exemplary model for sustainable, well-designed and pedestrian oriented streets. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Badawi, Samaa] Mansoura Univ, Coll Engn, ARCH Dept, Mansoura, Egypt.
   [Badawi, Samaa] Effat Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
C3 Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB); Mansoura University; Effat University
RP Badawi, S (通讯作者)，Mansoura Univ, Coll Engn, ARCH Dept, Mansoura, Egypt.; Badawi, S (通讯作者)，Effat Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
EM archsbadawi@gmail.com
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NR 18
TC 1
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1878-0296
EI 
J9 PROCEDIA ENVIRON SCI
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 37
IS 
BP 374
EP 385
DI 10.1016/j.proenv.2017.03.003
PG 12
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA BI0IW
UT WOS:000404866900032
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Sdoukopoulos, A
   Verani, E
   Nikolaidou, A
   Tsakalidisa, A
   Gavanas, N
   Pitsiava-Latinopoulou, M
   Mikiki, F
   Mademli, E
   Pallas, C
AF Sdoukopoulos, Alexandros
   Verani, Eleni
   Nikolaidou, Anastasia
   Tsakalidisa, Anastasios
   Gavanas, Nikolaos
   Pitsiava-Latinopoulou, Magda
   Mikiki, Foteini
   Mademli, Eleni
   Pallas, Christos
TI Development and implementation of walkability audits in Greek medium-sized cities: the case of the Serres' city centre
SO 3RD CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY (3RD CSUM 2016)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE Walkability audits; Footpaths; Urban mobility study; Serres
AB The conventional approach in transport planning aims at the expansion of road transport infrastructure to cope with the increasing transport demand. However, this car-based planning approach not only fails to fulfill the mobility needs due to the limited space available for new road infrastructure leading thus to the vicious circle of traffic congestion, but also contributes to the exacerbation of phenomena such as air pollution, climate change, traffic noise and the degradation of the urban environment. In order to reduce these impacts, contemporary transport planning suggests the paradigm shift from private car to more sustainable transport modes such as walking. Experts consider walking as one of the fastest and most time-reliable transport modes for short-distance trips, especially within central areas. Despite the indisputable advantages of walking, people are often discouraged due to the poor condition of the provided infrastructure for pedestrians and of the surrounding environment. Hence, a major precondition in the contemporary planning comprises the systematic assessment of the walking environment and the comprehensive evaluation of pedestrian infrastructure. Towards this direction the objective of the present paper is the discussion of the contribution of walkability audits as a tool for the monitoring, evaluation and improvement of the walking conditions in an urban area. The paper includes the analysis of the methodology and the results from a walkability audit survey which was conducted in the framework of the city's recent Urban Mobility Study along the footpaths of the city centre of Serres, Greece and indicates the appropriate interventions for the improvement of walking conditions in the study area. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sdoukopoulos, Alexandros; Verani, Eleni; Nikolaidou, Anastasia; Tsakalidisa, Anastasios; Gavanas, Nikolaos; Pitsiava-Latinopoulou, Magda] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Civil Engn, Transport Engn Lab, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
   [Mikiki, Foteini; Mademli, Eleni; Pallas, Christos] Municipal Serres, Serres 62110, Greece.
C3 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
RP Sdoukopoulos, A (通讯作者)，Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Civil Engn, Transport Engn Lab, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
EM asdoukop@civil.auth.gr
CR AKKT Consultants, 2015, URB MOB STUD, V0, P0
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NR 24
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2352-1465
EI 
J9 TRANSP RES PROC
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 
BP 337
EP 344
DI 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.102
PG 8
WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology; Urban Studies
SC Transportation; Urban Studies
GA BI0MF
UT WOS:000404962500043
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU White, M
   Kimm, G
   Langenheim, N
AF White, M.
   Kimm, G.
   Langenheim, N.
TI Pedestrian access modelling with tree shade - won't someone think of the children ...
SO URBAN TRANSITIONS CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE Accessibility; catchment modelling; tree shade
ID neighborhood walkability; exposure; overweight; australia; distance; obesity; walking; trends
AB Australia has one of the highest rates of skin cancer in the world and school children are amongst the most vulnerable to harmful UV exposure. Australia also has one of the world's highest levels of childhood obesity and much research has focused on encouraging active modes of transport to and from schools. This research aims to answer the following questions: How do we balance the need for protecting school children from excessive UV exposure whilst encouraging active modes of transport? And, how can innovative strategic approaches to urban transformation increase the potential for school children to walk to school maximising exposure to sun, and hence vitamin D, in winter but minimising UV exposure in summer? The method used for this study involves bringing together "PedCatch", a novel animated pedestrian catchment modelling tool that can exclude busy roads or intersections, with high polygon 3D proxy-object tree modelling, flexible 3D precinct modelling, and temporal solar impact analysis. The results of the study demonstrate that by using these tools, it is now possible to assess a school's walkable catchment given specified sun and shade parameter requirements, taking into account the time of year, the solar impact of street orientation, urban form, street tree size, spacing, species and location. The study also describes how the tools can be used to rapidly test potential impacts of urban interventions and modifications to street design such as increasing canopy coverage, adjusting street setbacks for future urban development. This research has far-reaching implications for schools, school children and their parents, policy makers, planners and urban designers. The tools have the potential to contribute to the development of more walkable and accessible communities that minimise over exposure to the harsh Australian sun whilst encouraging an increase in children's level of physical activity. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [White, M.; Kimm, G.; Langenheim, N.] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
   [Langenheim, N.] Monash Univ, Caulfield, Vic 3162, Australia.
C3 University of Melbourne; Monash University
RP White, M (通讯作者)，Univ Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM mrwhite@unimelb.edu.au
FU Australian Urban Research Infrastructure Network (AURIN); Australian National Data Service (ANDS); Melbourne Networked Society Institute (MNSI); Melbourne Social Equity Institute (MSEI)
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NR 28
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7058
EI 
J9 PROCEDIA ENGINEER
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 198
IS 
BP 139
EP 151
DI 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.07.078
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Urban Studies
GA BJ4ZK
UT WOS:000425682900012
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Tsiotas, D
   Polyzos, S
AF Tsiotas, Dimitrios
   Polyzos, Serafeim
TI The topology of urban road networks and its role to urban mobility
SO 3RD CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY (3RD CSUM 2016)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE spatial networks; transportation networks; lattice networks; city organization index; urban planning and development
AB This article studies how the topology of Urban Road Networks (URNs) is linked with socioeconomic aspects of their urban systems, aiming in revealing patterns that are related to urban mobility. The rationale of the study is based on the consideration that both the structure of urban networks and the conduct of urban mobility are controlled by complex mechanisms, where a primary driving factor affecting, either directly or indirectly, their planning, evolution and development is the existence of spatial constraints. The analysis examines how some fundamental network measures of global URNs studied in literature are related to socioeconomic indices and focuses on the case study of four URNs of the region of Thessaly, in Greece, where their socioeconomic framework is familiar. Overall, the analysis provides interesting insights about the effects of spatial constraints on the network topology, the magnitude of the examined URNs comparatively to global cases, the growth patterns between connectivity and distance and about how the network topology is related to urban mobility, population and market information. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Tsiotas, Dimitrios; Polyzos, Serafeim] Univ Thessaly, Dept Planning & Reg Dev, Volos 38334, Volos, Greece.
C3 University of Thessaly
RP Tsiotas, D (通讯作者)，Univ Thessaly, Dept Planning & Reg Dev, Volos 38334, Volos, Greece.
EM tsiotas@uth.gr
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NR 21
TC 29
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2352-1465
EI 
J9 TRANSP RES PROC
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 
BP 482
EP 490
DI 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.087
PG 9
WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology; Urban Studies
SC Transportation; Urban Studies
GA BI0MF
UT WOS:000404962500061
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Gil, J
AF Gil, Jorge
TI Street network analysis "edge effects'': Examining the sensitivity of centrality measures to boundary conditions
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Distance metrics; model validation; network graphs; network structure; street networks
ID urban streets; space syntax; configuration; movement; model
AB With increased interest in the use of network analysis to study the urban and regional environment, it is important to understand the sensitivity of centrality analysis results to the so-called "edge effect''. Most street network models have artificial boundaries, and there are principles that can be applied to minimise or eliminate the effect of the boundary condition. However, the extent of this impact has not been systematically studied and remains little understood. In this article we present an empirical study on the impact of different network model boundaries on the results of closeness and betweenness centrality analysis of street networks. The results demonstrate that the centrality measures are affected differently by the edge effect, and that the same centrality measure is affected differently depending on the type of network distance used. These results highlight the importance, in any study of street networks, of defining the network's boundary in a way that is relevant to the research question, and of selecting appropriate analysis parameters and statistics.
C1 [Gil, Jorge] Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Architecture, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
C3 Chalmers University of Technology
RP Gil, J (通讯作者)，Chalmers Univ Technol, Dept Architecture, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
EM jorge.gil@chalmers.se
FU Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) [SFRH/BD/46709/2008]; Norwegian Public Road Administration - Ferry free E39; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/46709/2008] Funding Source: FCT
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NR 43
TC 67
Z9 73
U1 0
U2 19
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD SEP 15
PY 2017
VL 44
IS 5
BP 819
EP 836
DI 10.1177/0265813516650678
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FG8NR
UT WOS:000410690800003
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Adkins, A
   Makarewicz, C
   Scanze, M
   Ingram, M
   Luhr, G
AF Adkins, Arlie
   Makarewicz, Carrie
   Scanze, Michele
   Ingram, Maia
   Luhr, Gretchen
TI Contextualizing Walkability Do Relationships Between Built Environments and Walking Vary by Socioeconomic Context?
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Review
DE walking; transportation equity; walkability; socioeconomic context
ID physical-activity; land-use; urban form; neighborhood walkability; social-environment; pedestrian travel; compact development; united-states; smart growth; low-income
AB Problem, research strategy, and findings: Supportive built environments for walking are linked to higher rates of walking and physical activity, but little is known about this relationship for socioeconomically disadvantaged (e.g., low-income and racial/ethnic minority) populations. We review 17 articles and find that most show that the built environment has weaker effects on walking and physical activity for disadvantaged than advantaged groups. Those who lived in supportive built environments walked more and were more physically active than those who did not, but the effect was about twice as large for advantaged groups. We see this difference because disadvantaged groups walked more in unsupportive built environments and less in supportive built environments, though the latter appears more influential. Takeaway for practice: Defining walkability entirely in built environment terms may fail to account for important social and individual/household characteristics and other non-built environment factors that challenge disadvantaged groups, including fear of crime and lack of social support. Planners must be sensitive to these findings and to community concerns about gentrification and displacement in the face of planned built environment improvements that may benefit more advantaged populations. We recommend five planning responses: Recognize that the effects of the built environment may vary by socioeconomics; use holistic approaches to improve walkability; expand walkability definitions to address a range of social and physical barriers; partner across agencies, disciplines, and professions; and evaluate interventions in different socioeconomic environments.
C1 [Adkins, Arlie] Univ Arizona, Sch Landscape Architecture & Planning, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   [Makarewicz, Carrie] Univ Colorado, Coll Architecture & Planning, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
   [Scanze, Michele] Univ Arizona, Planning Masters Program, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   [Ingram, Maia] Univ Arizona, Arizona Prevent Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
   [Luhr, Gretchen] Portland State Univ, Inst Aging, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
C3 University of Arizona; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; University of Arizona; University of Arizona; Portland State University
RP Adkins, A (通讯作者)，Univ Arizona, Sch Landscape Architecture & Planning, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM arlieadkins@email.arizona.edu; carrie.makarewicz@ucdenver.edu; mscanze@email.arizona.edu; maiai@email.arizona.edu; gluhr@pdx.edu
FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Physical Activity Policy Research Network
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NR 119
TC 170
Z9 205
U1 4
U2 109
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0194-4363
EI 1939-0130
J9 J AM PLANN ASSOC
JI J. Am. Plan. Assoc.
PD SUM 15
PY 2017
VL 83
IS 3
BP 296
EP 314
DI 10.1080/01944363.2017.1322527
PG 19
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FP6RR
UT WOS:000417753900006
PM 31762526
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Leung, SMS
   Kim, TW
   Kim, Y
AF Leung, Shuk Ming Sophia
   Kim, Tae Wan
   Kim, Youngchul
TI Linked podiums affecting street life: A case of Tuen Mun in Hong Kong
SO URBAN DESIGN INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hong Kong; podium; pedestrian movement; street life; high density
ID highrise; environment; singapore; quality; spaces; city
AB This study examines the existing podium-tower form of mixed-use residential development in Hong Kong and reveals its effects on street lives and pedestrian movements within high-rise, high-density residential areas. The podiums accommodate shops, facilities, and modes of transportation for those living above and in the surrounding area. The Tuen Mun complex's well-linked podium spaces illustrate that the podium form maximizes internal uses below residential areas, but segregates the closely located residential space from daily commercial activities. The existing podium spaces privatize streets and plazas for residents in towers and visitors to podium-space commercial shops, not for a layperson exploring there. Although ground-level streets and plazas are public spaces where diverse urban activities occur, podiums' internal corridors and halls are semipublic areas where designated shopping activities occur. While podiums enhance the convenience and safety of common space, these internal space become less public for internal users and include more barriers such as vertical circulation from the public street. The findings are expected to contribute to public awareness of and consciousness in relation to the development of compact and composite residential environments.
C1 [Leung, Shuk Ming Sophia] DLN Architects & Engineers, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Kim, Tae Wan] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Architecture & Civil Engn, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [Kim, Youngchul] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 291 Daehak Ro,Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
C3 City University of Hong Kong; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST)
RP Kim, Y (通讯作者)，Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 291 Daehak Ro,Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
EM youngchulkim@kaist.ac.kr
FU Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology [G04150046]
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   Shelton B, 2013, MAKING HONG KONG VER, V0, P0
   Tuen Mun and Yuen Long District Planning Office, 2002, PAMPHL PLANN NEW TER, V0, P0
   Wang X, 2002, GENERATIVE ART, V2002, P19
   Wei JM, 2009, THESIS, V0, P0
   Xue CQL, 2010, URBAN DES INT, V15, P191, DOI 10.1057/udi.2010.21
   Yuen B, 2006, URBAN STUD, V43, P583, DOI 10.1080/00420980500533133
NR 23
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 18
PU PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD
PI BASINGSTOKE
PA BRUNEL RD BLDG, HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HANTS, ENGLAND
SN 1357-5317
EI 1468-4519
J9 URBAN DES INT
JI Urban Des. Int.
PD SPR 15
PY 2017
VL 22
IS 1
BP 47
EP 72
DI 10.1057/s41289-016-0008-6
PG 26
WC Architecture; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA EN7MC
UT WOS:000396185900005
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Roshani, M
   Bargegol, I
AF Roshani, Mostafa
   Bargegol, Iraj
TI Effect of Pedestrians on the Saturation Flow Rate of Right Turn Movements at Signalized Intersection - Case Study from Rasht City
SO WORLD MULTIDISCIPLINARY CIVIL ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE-URBAN PLANNING SYMPOSIUM - WMCAUS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
AB Saturation flow rate is one of the important items in the analysis of the capacity of signalized intersections that are affected by some factors. Pedestrian crossing on signalized intersection is one of the factors which influence the vehicles flow. In addition, the released researches determined that the greatest impact of pedestrian on the saturation flow occurred in the Conflict zone where the highest chance of the encounter of pedestrians and vehicles has in turning movements. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the saturation flow rate considering the effect of a pedestrian on right turn movements of the signalized intersections in Rasht city. For this goal, 6 signalized intersections with 90 cycles of reviews were selected for the estimation of saturation flow rate by the microscopic method and also 3 right turn lanes containing radius differences with 70 cycles of reviews were collected for the investigation of the pedestrians' effects. Each phase of right turn lanes cycle was divided in the pieces of 10-second period which was totally 476 sample volumes of considered pedestrians and vehicles at that period. Only 101 samples of those were ranged as saturated conditions. Finally, using different regression models, the best relationship between pedestrian's volume and right turning vehicles flow parameters was evaluated. The results indicate that there is a primarily linear relationship between pedestrian volume and right turning vehicles flow with R2=0.6261. According to this regression model with the increase in pedestrians, saturation flow rate will be reduced. In addition, by comparing the adjustment factor obtained in the present study and other studies, it was found that the effect of pedestrians on the right-turn movements in Rasht city is less than the rest of the world.
C1 [Roshani, Mostafa] Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Khorasgan Isfahan Branch, Esfahan, Iran.
   [Bargegol, Iraj] Univ Guilan, Fac Engn, Dept Civil Engn, Rasht, Iran.
C3 Islamic Azad University; University of Guilan
RP Roshani, M (通讯作者)，Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Khorasgan Isfahan Branch, Esfahan, Iran.
EM civil.roshani@Gmail.com
CR Unknown -, 1985, HIGHWAY CAPACITY MAN, V0, P0
   Unknown -, 1994, HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL, V0, P0
   Unknown -, 2000, HIGHWAY CAPACITY MAN, V0, P0
   Bargegol I, 2016, PROCEDIA ENGINEER, V161, P226, DOI 10.1016/j.proeng.2016.08.539
   Behbahani H, 2016, COMPUTATIONAL RES PR, V2, P1
   Bester CJ, 2007, SATURATION FLOW RATE, V0, P0
   Chen XM, 2008, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP114, DOI 10.3141/2073-13
   Chen YX, 2015, OPEN JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENCES, V05, P22, DOI 10.4236/ojapps.2015.51003
   Lu H, 2006, P 2 C E AS SOC TRANS, V0, P0
   Niittymaki J, 1997, TRANSPORT RES REC, V1572, P24, DOI 10.3141/1572-04
   Ren G, 2011, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, PP65, DOI 10.3141/2264-08
   Rouphail N, 1997, TRANSPORT RES REC, V0, P56
   Transportation Research Board, 2010, HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL, V0, P0
   Turner J, 1993, SIMPLIFIED SATURATION FLOW DATA COLLECTION METHODS, V0, P0
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1757-8981
EI 
J9 IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 245
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/245/4/042032
PG 12
WC Architecture; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Engineering; Materials Science; Urban Studies
GA BJ2DC
UT WOS:000419056402024
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Virtudes, A
   Azevedo, H
   Abbara, A
   Sá, J
AF Virtudes, Ana
   Azevedo, Henrique
   Abbara, Arwa
   Sa, Joao
TI Soft Mobility as a Smart Condition in a Mountain City
SO WORLD MULTIDISCIPLINARY CIVIL ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE-URBAN PLANNING SYMPOSIUM - WMCAUS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
AB Nowadays soft mobility is a crucial issue towards a most sustainable urban environment. Not only because it promotes a less polluted atmosphere among the always dense and busy urban fabric, but also because it avoids several traffic problems. The use of bicycles, or mechanic mechanisms to support the pedestrian mobility is an emerging requirement of cities' quality. In this sense, this article aims to discuss the soft mobility as a requirement of smart cities having as a case study one mountain urban area. It refers to the urban area of Covilha on the highest mountain of Portugal with nearly two thousand meters high. During the last decades, this city's transformation process has driven to an urban sprawl to the suburbs, increasing the efforts in terms of transportation required by the commuters. In fact, the number of inhabitants living in the city centre is decreasing in favour of the peripheral neighbourhoods. At the same time a set of several mechanic mechanisms such as public lifts, has been built in order to promote a soft pedestrian mobility. However, in many cases, because of the lack of connection and continuity of pedestrian paths in between these mechanisms, they are not allowing a pedestrian mobility network at the city scale. Thus, this paper aims to present a set of good practices in terms of pedestrian mobility network at the city scale, in order to promote a smarter urban environment. The principal results are that soft mobility is a key issue in order to turn cities smarter, among several other factors such as smart economy, smart people, smart governance or smart living. The major conclusions show that the concerns with mobility are key tools to achieve the smart city sustainability, providing and efficient and flexible traveling across the urban fabric, boosting the use of non-polluting ways of mobility. At the same time, there is the conclusion that the underlying areas of development for a smart city, despite its cultural or territorial environments, include several aspects such as reducing the transportation problems as congestion, traffic jams or painful accidents.
C1 [Virtudes, Ana] Univ Beira Interior, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Ctr Mat & Bldg Technol, C MADE, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal.
   [Azevedo, Henrique; Abbara, Arwa; Sa, Joao] Univ Beira Interior, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal.
C3 Universidade da Beira Interior; Universidade da Beira Interior
RP Virtudes, A (通讯作者)，Univ Beira Interior, Dept Civil Engn & Architecture, Ctr Mat & Bldg Technol, C MADE, P-6201001 Covilha, Portugal.
EM virtudes@ubi.pt
FU FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology [UID/ECI/04082/2013]; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [UID/ECI/04082/2013] Funding Source: FCT
CR AAVV, 2011, CITIES TOMORROW CHAL, V0, P0
   AAVV, 2012, URBAN PLANNING CITY, V0, P0
   Albino V, 2015, J URBAN TECHNOL, V22, P3, DOI 10.1080/10630732.2014.942092
   Giffinger Rudolf, 2007, CITY-RANKING OF EUROPEAN MEDIUM-SIZED CITIES, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.34726/3565
   Giffinger Rudolf, 2009, SMART CITIES RANKING: AN EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENT FOR THE POSITIONING OF CITIES?, V0, P0
   Hessel V, 2015, SMART MOBILITY TOOL, V0, P0
   Jacobs J, 1992, THE DEATH AND LIFE OF GREAT AMERICAN CITIES, V0, P0
   Komninos N, 2011, INTELLIGENT BUILDING, V0, P0
   Rodrigues L F, 2011, MANUAL DE CRIMES URBANISTICOS, V0, P0
NR 9
TC 4
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 13
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1757-8981
EI 
J9 IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 245
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/245/5/052095
PG 8
WC Architecture; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Engineering; Materials Science; Urban Studies
GA BJ2DC
UT WOS:000419056403072
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Loo, BPY
   du Verle, F
AF Loo, Becky P. Y.
   du Verle, Frederic
TI Transit-oriented development in future cities: towards a two-level sustainable mobility strategy
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE transit-oriented development; cities; walking; mobility; sustainable transport
ID urban-transportation; built environments; land-use; travel; policy
AB In this paper, a two-level sustainable mobility strategy for future cities is suggested and the potential key role of transit-oriented development (TOD) is discussed with reference to both the internal and external movements of people. In particular, a people-oriented and place-based approach is advocated. Governments should endeavour to move beyond simply pledging to reduce carbon emission to a specific level by a certain year but to adopt a life cycle approach in guiding the planning and development of future cities. There may need to be a shift in the system with a different balance of transport modes. Moreover, the correct type and mix of transport modes need to be provided with respect to where people and their activities are. Moreover, it is necessary to explicitly recognize the value of travel for both economic and non-economic purposes. Building upon the existing literature, this paper proposes three new directions for planning TODs in future cities. Firstly, the built environment should be understood at both the neighbourhood and city scales. Secondly, the success of TODs needs to be judged not just by the public transit patronage but also by the share of walking and other urban planning and design features like greenery and vibrancy. Thirdly, it is neither possible nor desirable to have uniformly high density, diversity and same design in every TOD neighbourhood. Using Hong Kong as an example, five major types of TOD neighbourhoods are identified. For intercity movements, integrated transport with seamless intermodal transfers and station-eighbourhood integration should be developed in future cities. More research should be done on quantifying and fostering the co-benefits associated with TOD.
C1 [Loo, Becky P. Y.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
   [du Verle, Frederic] Shanghai Off, Urban Planner, Planning & Design, LCS Holdings, Shanghai, Peoples R China.
C3 University of Hong Kong
RP Loo, BPY (通讯作者)，Univ Hong Kong, Dept Geog, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
EM bpyloo@hku.hk
FU Research Grant Council General Research Fund on 'Revisiting the "three Ds" in transit-oriented development (TOD): A people-centred and place-based perspective' [HKU 748912H]
CR Unknown -, 2014, KYOTO PROTOCOL, V0, P0
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   Bertolini L, 2007, ENVIRON PLANN A, V39, P1998, DOI 10.1068/a38350
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   Loo BPY, 2012, ENERG POLICY, V50, P464, DOI 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.07.044
   Loo BPY, 2012, ENVIRON PLANN B, V39, P629, DOI 10.1068/b36146
   Loo BPY, 2010, LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN, V97, P202, DOI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.06.002
   Loo BPY, 2015, TRANS MOBIL SER, V0, P1
   Loo BPY, 2003, ENVIRON PLANN A, V35, P249, DOI 10.1068/a3590
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   Piatkowski DP, 2015, TRAVEL BEHAV SOC, V2, P32, DOI 10.1016/j.tbs.2014.07.004
   Preston J, 2012, INTEGRATION FOR SEAMLESS TRANSPORT: INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT FORUM, V0, P0
   Preston J, 2008, TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHIE, V0, P227
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NR 40
TC 77
Z9 86
U1 4
U2 157
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1226-5934
EI 2161-6779
J9 INT J URBAN SCI
JI Int. J. Urban Sci.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 21
IS 
BP 54
EP 67
DI 10.1080/12265934.2016.1235488
PG 14
WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA EV1XX
UT WOS:000401546100005
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Giannakos, L
   Mintsis, E
   Basbas, S
   Mintsis, G
   Taxiltaris, C
AF Giannakos, Lazaros
   Mintsis, Evangelos
   Basbas, Socrates
   Mintsis, George
   Taxiltaris, Christos
TI Simulating traffic and environmental effects of pedestrianization and traffic management. A comparison between static and dynamic traffic assignment
SO 3RD CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILITY (3RD CSUM 2016)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE microscopic simulation; traffic assignment; traffic management; pedestrianization; Aimsun
ID emission
AB Traffic simulation models are capable of evaluating traffic management measures determining their impacts to mobility and environment. This paper presents a study that evaluates traffic management measures designed for the central area of the city of Thessaloniki, Greece, and estimates the environmental effects generated by the proposed measures. The analysis was performed with the use of the traffic simulation software Aimsun. Traffic assignment was conducted both statically and dynamically and all possible comparisons among the tested scenarios were performed. Travel time, delay time, queues and speed were the traffic performance measurements used in the evaluation process. Fuel consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were estimated for the determination of the environmental impacts. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted in order to evaluate the effects caused by the variation in traffic demand. Different scenarios regarding particular traffic management schemes were tested and the outcomes indicated that mobility in the centre of the city can be improved in qualitative terms if more public space is given to the mass transport and other modes of mobility such as biking and walking. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Giannakos, Lazaros] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Civil Engn, Cent Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
   [Mintsis, Evangelos] Hellen Inst Transport, Ctr Res & Technol Hellas, 6th Km Harilaou Thermis, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece.
   [Basbas, Socrates; Mintsis, George; Taxiltaris, Christos] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Rural & Surveying Engn, Cent Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
C3 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Centre for Research & Technology Hellas; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
RP Giannakos, L (通讯作者)，Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Fac Civil Engn, Cent Campus, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
EM giannakos.laz@gmail.com
CR Barcelo J, 2002, OPERATIONS RES COMPU, V31, P57
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   Elefteriadou L, 2014, INTRO TRAFFIC FLOW T, V84, P0
   Florian M, 2001, P C INT TRANSP SYST, V0, P0
   Ghafghazi G, 2014, TRANSPORTATION, V41, P633, DOI 10.1007/s11116-014-9513-x
   Liu XH, 2005, P 8 INT C INT TRANSP, V0, P0
   Mitsakis E, 2013, JOURNAL OF TRAFFIC AND LOGISTICS ENGINEERING, V1, P148, DOI 10.12720/JTLE.1.2.148-152
   Panis LI, 2006, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V371, P270, DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.08.017
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   Ran B, 1996, MODELING DYNAMIC TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS: AN INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS ORIENTED APPROACH, V0, P0, DOI DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-80230-0
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   Wardrop JG, 1952, PROCEEDINGS, V0, PART II
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2352-1465
EI 
J9 TRANSP RES PROC
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 
BP 313
EP 320
DI 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.05.105
PG 8
WC Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology; Urban Studies
SC Transportation; Urban Studies
GA BI0MF
UT WOS:000404962500040
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Çamur, KC
   Roshani, M
   Pirouzi, S
AF Camur, Kubra Cihangir
   Roshani, Mehdi
   Pirouzi, Sania
TI Using Space Syntax to Assess Safety in Public Areas - Case Study of Tarbiat Pedestrian Area, Tabriz-Iran
SO WORLD MULTIDISCIPLINARY CIVIL ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE-URBAN PLANNING SYMPOSIUM - WMCAUS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
AB In studying the urban complex issues, simulation and modelling of public space use considerably helps in determining and measuring factors such as urban safety. Depth map software for determining parameters of the spatial layout techniques; and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software for analysing and evaluating the views of the pedestrians on public safety were used in this study. Connectivity, integration, and depth of the area in the Tarbiat city blocks were measured using the Space Syntax Method, and these parameters are presented as graphical and mathematical data. The combination of the results obtained from the questionnaire and statistical analysis with the results of spatial arrangement technique represents the appropriate and inappropriate spaces for pedestrians. This method provides a useful and effective instrument for decision makers, planners, urban designers and programmers in order to evaluate public spaces in the city. Prior to physical modification of urban public spaces, space syntax simulates the pedestrian safety to be used as an analytical tool by the city management. Finally, regarding the modelled parameters and identification of different characteristics of the case, this study represents the strategies and policies in order to increase the safety of the pedestrians of Tarbiat in Tabriz.
C1 [Camur, Kubra Cihangir] Gazi Univ, Fac Architecture, City & Reg Planning Dept, TR-06570 Ankara, Turkey.
   [Roshani, Mehdi] Gazi Univ, Grad Sch Nat & Appl Sci, City & Reg Planning Dept, TR-06500 Ankara, Turkey.
   [Pirouzi, Sania] Islamic Azad Univ, Sci & Res Branch, Dept Art & Architecture, Tehran, Iran.
C3 Gazi University; Gazi University; Islamic Azad University
RP Çamur, KC (通讯作者)，Gazi Univ, Fac Architecture, City & Reg Planning Dept, TR-06570 Ankara, Turkey.
EM ccamurster@gmail.com
CR Andrew C, 2006, RC 19 WORK IN PRESS, V0, P0
   Esmaeili Hossein, 2014, HIST ZONE TABRIZ, V0, P0
   Fouladi Sepehr S, 2009, THESIS, V0, P0
   Gobster PH, 2002, LEISURE SCI, V24, P143, DOI 10.1080/01490400252900121
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   Hillier B, 2009, P 7 INT SPAC SYNT LO, V0, P0
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   Jacobs Jane, 1980, QUESTION SEPARATISM, V0, P0
   Mandegari K, 2010, J ABADI, V67, P52
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NR 11
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1757-8981
EI 
J9 IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 245
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/245/8/082002
PG 9
WC Architecture; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Engineering; Materials Science; Urban Studies
GA BJ2DC
UT WOS:000419056404082
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Lee, JS
   Moore, R
   Demir, O
AF Lee, Jong Seon
   Moore, Robin
   Demir, Ozlem
TI Neighborhood design and children's active travel to/from school
SO ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH ADDRESSING SOCIETAL CHALLENGES, VOLS 1 AND 2
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
ID urbanist
AB Children's active travel (AT-i.e., walking, bicycling) has declined substantially especially for independent active travel (IAT). An increasing number of studies have examinedwalking behavior of adults to test the new urbanist hypothesis that design features support pedestrian activity. More neighborhood adult walking has been reported in new urbanist communities than in conventional suburban neighborhoods. However, study of children's AT in new urbanist settings is under represented. This study investigates the association between neighborhood design and children's active school travel (AST) in conventional and new urbanist neighborhoods. A group-administered survey was conducted with 4-5th grade children (N= 367). Built environment (BE) variables including distance to school, children's population density, mixed land use, street density, intersection and sidewalk density, and physical activity (PA) locations around homewere measured within a quarter mile buffer of each participant's home in ArcGIS. Analyses of a further 254 students living within 2 miles from school with opportunities for walking were also conducted. T-test confirmed all BE variables were significantly different between conventional and new urbanist neighborhoods. New urbanist children engaged in twice the number of days of walking and 5-7 times more days of biking compared to children in conventional neighborhoods. Results suggest the need for further tests of new urbanist design principles in relation to children'sAT to support development of neighborhood design policies and interventions that may provide health promotion benefits to children.
C1 [Lee, Jong Seon; Moore, Robin; Demir, Ozlem] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
C3 North Carolina State University
RP Lee, JS (通讯作者)，North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
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   Sirard JR, 2008, AM J LIFESTYLE MED, V2, P372, DOI 10.1177/1559827608320127
   Stevens RB, 2011, INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY, V8, P0, DOI 10.1186/1479-5868-8-139
   Wong BYM, 2011, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V11, P0, DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-618
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-BALKEMA
PI LEIDEN
PA PO BOX 11320, LEIDEN,  South Holland, NETHERLANDS
SN 
EI 
J9 
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 0
IS 
BP 81
EP 85
DI 
PG 5
WC Architecture; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA BQ7OF
UT WOS:000618056600164
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Ling, MX
AF Ling, Michelle Xiaohong
TI MEASURING THE INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL CONFIGURATION ON ACCESSIBILITY OF OPEN SPACE IN THE WANCHAI DISTRICT OF HONG KONG
SO OPEN HOUSE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial configuration; Pedestrian movement; Accessibility of open space; Hong Kong; Space syntax
AB Whilst Hong Kong is suffering from a limited supply of developable land in its major urban areas, some open spaces are frequently criticized as inconvenient for users, consequently leading to an ineffective use pattern. How to enhance the performance of open space is therefore a critical issue faced by city planners. As the conventional accessibility model, which is mainly described with respect to maximum walking distance or service radius, is inadequate to give an account of the issue, this paper accordingly indicates an alternative approach and seeks an explanation from the urban configuration and the way it conditions pedestrian movement pattern. Through investigating the relationship between urban configuration, pedestrian movement and accessibility and use of open spaces based on the Wanchai District of Hong Kong, which particularly epitomizes various urban grids that may have different consequences on the utilization of open space, this study aims to examine whether there is a consistent relationship existing in different spatial grids or whether the relationship varies from different layout patterns. It is hoped that the findings can be employed to improve the performance of open spaces in the urban areas of Hong Kong, in addition to other similar urban environment.
C1 [Ling, Michelle Xiaohong] South China Univ Technol, Sch Architecture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
C3 South China University of Technology
RP Ling, MX (通讯作者)，South China Univ Technol, Sch Architecture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
EM arlingxh@scut.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [51138004]; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building Science Research, SCUT [2013ZC15, 2016ZB17]; Guangzhou Ceremony [2015GZY25]; Guangzhou History and Culture Research [2015GZY25]
CR Carr S, 1992, PUBLIC SPACES, V0, P0
   GEHL J, 1989, PLACES-Q J ENVIRON D, V6, P8
   Hiller B, 1987, ARCHITECTURE BEHAV, V3, P233
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NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 24
PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BINGLEY
PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0168-2601
EI 2633-9838
J9 OPEN HOUSE INT
JI Open House Int.
PD DEC 15
PY 2017
VL 42
IS 4
BP 78
EP 89
DI 
PG 12
WC Architecture; Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA FT6NU
UT WOS:000423271700010
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Hahm, Y
   Yoon, H
   Jung, D
   Kwon, H
AF Hahm, Yeankyoung
   Yoon, Heeyeun
   Jung, Donggyu
   Kwon, Hyunsook
TI Do built environments affect pedestrians' choices of walking routes in retail districts? A study with GPS experiments in Hongdae retail district in Seoul, South Korea
SO HABITAT INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Retail district; Choice of walking route; Design quality; Built environment; Global Positioning System (GPS); Structural equation modeling (SEM)
ID physical-activity; travel behavior; customer satisfaction; land-use; attractiveness; service; community; management; model; image
AB This study aims to reveal components of built environments that influence pedestrians' walking patterns and potential consumption in a retail district. We conducted a Global Positioning System (GPS) experiment observing 82 pedestrians' choices of walking routes in Hongdae, a campus-oriented retail district near Hongik University in Seoul, South Korea, and assessed their causal relationships with built environments using a structural equation model (SEM). We revealed that all four categories of built environments studied accessibility, diversity, design, and density affected pedestrians' choices of walking route, controlling for retail attributes. Specifically, pedestrians prefer shaded streets and openness, confirming the importance of design quality in pedestrian retail environments. Contrary to conventional wisdom, however, shorter distances from public transportation would not guarantee more pedestrian traffic in specialized shopping areas such as Hongdae, unlike what we have observed in residential neighborhoods. Additionally, pedestrians prefer streets with concentrations of similar types and high-density retails, affirming the agglomeration economies theory.
C1 [Hahm, Yeankyoung; Yoon, Heeyeun; Jung, Donggyu; Kwon, Hyunsook] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
   [Yoon, Heeyeun] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
C3 Seoul National University (SNU); Seoul National University (SNU)
RP Yoon, H (通讯作者)，Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn, 1 Gwanak Ro, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
EM hyyoon@snu.ac.kr
FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [NRF-2015R1C1A2A01055615]
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   Reimers V, 2009, INT J RETAIL DISTRIB, V37, P541, DOI 10.1108/09590550910964594
   Rodriguez DA, 2014, ENV BEHAV, V0, P0
   Roig-Tierno N, 2013, APPL GEOGR, V40, P191, DOI 10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.03.005
   Rutt CD, 2005, PREV MED, V40, P831, DOI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.035
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NR 58
TC 71
Z9 81
U1 5
U2 88
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0197-3975
EI 1873-5428
J9 HABITAT INT
JI Habitat Int.
PD DEC 15
PY 2017
VL 70
IS 
BP 50
EP 60
DI 10.1016/j.habitatint.2017.10.002
PG 11
WC Development Studies; Environmental Studies; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Development Studies; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FQ4EN
UT WOS:000418310600006
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Savvides, A
AF Savvides, A.
TI An examination of environmental design parameters affecting walkable route choices in Cyprus
SO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING VIII
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
DE urban design; environmental design; route choice; walkability
ID outdoor urban spaces; thermal comfort
AB One of the characteristics of sustainable urban environments pertains to the extent to which the city fabric provides a variety of mobility alternatives in executing a specific journey. The extent to which this involves mechanized transport or alternatives that tax the human physique may have significant repercussions and offer tangible advantages to creating healthy urban environments. At the top of the list are means of mobility that force the city dweller to engage in physical cardiovascular activities, such as walking and/or bicycling. In the proposed paper conditions of existing urban design parameters as well as proposed corrections to physical formed are analyzed in terms of evaluating user comfort and route choices along a variety of urban pathways. The methodology of data collection and examination involves direct observation and mapping of route choices of city dwellers along the selected paths at three timeframes throughout the day and on characteristic days during the year. Specifically, the timeframes examined occur three times a day: during the early morning hours, at midday and later in the afternoon, during September, December, March and June in a given year (2014-2015). Along the selected route choices, environmental conditions affecting human comfort are also recorded, such as direct insolation or shading, ambient temperature, wind speed and humidity. The paper concludes with a discussion and recommendation of preferable environmental design parameters factoring in the design of urban walkable thoroughfares in Cyprus.
C1 [Savvides, A.] Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
C3 University of Cyprus
RP Savvides, A (通讯作者)，Univ Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
CR Ali-Toudert F, 2006, BUILD ENVIRON, V41, P94, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.01.013
   Mazeri G, 2015, THESIS, V0, P0
   Nikolopoulou M, 2003, ENERG BUILDINGS, V35, P95, DOI 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00084-1
   Nikolopoulou M, 2001, SOL ENERGY, V70, P227, DOI 10.1016/S0038-092X(00)00093-1
   Nikolopoulou M, 2006, BUILD ENVIRON, V41, P1455, DOI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.05.031
   Oratiou M, 2013, THESIS, V0, P0
   Picot X, 2004, ENERG BUILDINGS, V36, P329, DOI 10.1016/j.enbuild.2004.01.044
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 9
PU WIT PRESS
PI SOUTHAMPTON
PA ASHURST LODGE, SOUTHAMPTON SO40 7AA, ASHURST, ENGLAND
SN 1743-3541
EI 
J9 WIT TRANS ECOL ENVIR
JI WIT Trans. Ecol. Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 210
IS 
BP 599
EP 609
DI 10.2495/SDP160501
PG 11
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA BQ7QZ
UT WOS:000618346600050
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Dovey, K
   Pafka, E
AF Dovey, Kim
   Pafka, Elek
TI What is functional mix? An assemblage approach
SO PLANNING THEORY & PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
DE Functional mix; land use; urban mapping; assemblage; walkability
ID land-use; travel behavior; urban form; associations; walkability; overweight; obesity; walking
AB Functional or land-use mix has been seminal to urban design and planning for over 50 years. Mixed-use reduces the need for travel, increases walkability and generates street-life intensity. In this paper we review existing methods of measuring functional mix and rethink the ways in which it might be conceived, measured and mapped within a framework of assemblage thinking. We suggest a live/work/visit triangle as a promising method with a focus on the interconnections between functions rather than functions in themselves. Mapping techniques are developed to reveal the ways functional mix changes at different scales from streetscape to walkable neighbourhood. This approach is tested on detailed floor area databases from the cities of New York, Barcelona and Bogota. Rather than reducing mix to an index, such mapping reveals each city as a mix of different mixes. These maps can be understood as urban X-rays that enable interpretation and diagnosis of urban functional mix.
C1 [Dovey, Kim; Pafka, Elek] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Design, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
C3 University of Melbourne
RP Dovey, K (通讯作者)，Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Design, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
EM dovey@unimelb.edu.au
FU Australian Research Council [LP100200590]; Australian Research Council [LP100200590] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
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NR 63
TC 75
Z9 99
U1 5
U2 60
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1464-9357
EI 1470-000X
J9 PLAN THEORY PRACT
JI Plan. Theory Pract.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 18
IS 2
BP 249
EP 267
DI 10.1080/14649357.2017.1281996
PG 19
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA EU7RX
UT WOS:000401233500006
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Riggs, W
   Gilderbloom, JI
AF Riggs, William
   Gilderbloom, John I. (Hans)
TI How multi-lane, one-way street design shapes neighbourhood life: collisions, crime and community
SO LOCAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Street design; two-way; community development; health and safety; traffic calming
ID environmental justice; urban; disparity; behavior; safety; health; policy; travel
AB Global recognition of the need for more liveable and "complete" streets has allowed for increased funding to bicycle and pedestrian projects. That said, many streets in urban neighbourhoods remain unsafe. This study hypothesises that some of these issues related to safety issues are tied to multi-lane, one-way streets, which exist primarily in urban business districts and historic neighbourhoods, often occupied by poor and minority residents. There has been little research in this area to test how one-way street configurations relate to collisions, crime and community. To examine this, we use three principal strategies: (1) a cross-sectional citywide evaluation using descriptive and inferential statistics on all collisions occurring within a five-year period in a midsized city; (2) a focused assessment of traffic collision data, crime data, counts of trees, housing valuation data, foreclosure and vacant and abandoned structures on a 13-block street segment with both one-and two-way streets and (3) a qualitative broken windows assessment, using photography to evaluate signs of visual distress on one-way versus twoway segments. Our results show a higher incidence of collisions and injuries on multi-lane streets than on their two-way counterparts - for motorists, bikes and pedestrians. Our photographic assessment suggests that these street typologies contribute to degradation and erosion of community. Our results show that neighbourhoods with one-way multi-lane streets experience greater abandonment, lower housing values and slower increases in property values. This research supports expanded thinking about one-to two-way street conversion as a method to improve safety, connectivity, community and sustainability.
C1 [Riggs, William] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, City & Reg Planning, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
   [Gilderbloom, John I. (Hans)] Univ Louisville, Ctr Sustainable Urban Neighborhoods, Sch Hlth, Dept Planning Publ Adm Urban & Publ Affairs, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
C3 California State University System; California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo; University of Louisville
RP Riggs, W (通讯作者)，Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, City & Reg Planning, 1 Grand Ave, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
EM wriggs@calpoly.edu
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NR 69
TC 6
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 42
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1354-9839
EI 1469-6711
J9 LOCAL ENVIRON
JI Local Environ.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 22
IS 8
BP 917
EP 933
DI 10.1080/13549839.2017.1303666
PG 17
WC Green & Sustainable Science & Technology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FH3HK
UT WOS:000411035800002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Anciaes, PR
   Nascimento, J
   Silva, S
AF Anciaes, Paulo Rui
   Nascimento, Judite
   Silva, Salif
TI The distribution of walkability in an African city: Praia, Cabo Verde
SO CITIES
LA English
DT Article
ID physical-activity; transport; mobility; residents; walking; design; gender; growth; safety; travel
AB This paper analyses disparities in walking conditions in neighbourhoods with different incomes and urbanization levels in Praia, the capital of Cabo Verde islands. Walkability is measured considering factors relevant to a semi-arid, post-colonial, fast growing, middle-income African city. The estimated indicators measure the availability of destinations accessible on foot and the quality of the walking experience. The study found that high income neighbourhoods have the lowest overall provision of pedestrian space and protection from traffic (in more urbanized areas) and the lowest walking accessibility to people, shops, and leisure areas (in less urbanized areas). Low income neighbourhoods have the highest environmental risks (in more urbanized areas) and the highest slopes, lowest provision of formal pedestrian space, and lowest accessibility to jobs, facilities, and bus stops (in less urbanized areas). The results provide insights into the type of public policies needed to improve walkability in the different parts of the city.
C1 [Anciaes, Paulo Rui] UCL, Ctr Transport Studies, Chadwick Bldg,Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
   [Nascimento, Judite] Univ Cabo Verde, Praca Antonio Lereno,CP 379-C Praia, Praia, Cape Verde.
   [Silva, Salif] Univ Cabo Verde, Campus Palmarejo,CP 279, Praia, Cape Verde.
C3 University of London; University College London; University of Cape Verde; University of Cape Verde
RP Anciaes, PR (通讯作者)，UCL, Ctr Transport Studies, Chadwick Bldg,Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM p.anciaes@ucl.ac.uk; judite.nascimento@adm.unicv.edu.cv; salif.silva@docente.unicv.edu.cv
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NR 72
TC 30
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-2751
EI 1873-6084
J9 CITIES
JI Cities
PD JUL 15
PY 2017
VL 67
IS 
BP 9
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.cities.2017.04.008
PG 12
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA EY5BL
UT WOS:000403992100002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Behbahani, H
   Gilani, VNM
   Samet, MJ
   Salehfard, R
AF Behbahani, Hamid
   Gilani, Vahid Najafi Moghaddam
   Samet, Mehdi Jahangir
   Salehfard, Reza
TI Analysis of Crossing Speed of the Pedestrians in Marked and Unmarked Crosswalks in the Signalized and Un-Signalized Intersections (Case Study: Rasht city)
SO WORLD MULTIDISCIPLINARY CIVIL ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE-URBAN PLANNING SYMPOSIUM - WMCAUS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
AB Pedestrians affect the traffic in the signalized and un-signalized intersections. Therefore, identifying the behavioural features of the pedestrians is of great importance and may result in better designing facilities for them. In this study, by shooting the four intersections in Rasht for 15 hours and inventory from 4568 pedestrians, crossing speed of the pedestrians in the marked crosswalks and unmarked crosswalks was evaluated and analysed. Results showed that pedestrians' crossing speed in the marked crosswalks is higher than their crossing speed in the unmarked crosswalks in both signalized and un-signalized intersections. Moreover, in the unmarked crosswalks in the signalized intersections, 15th percentile speed of male pedestrians, female pedestrians and group of pedestrians' decrease 6.4%, 5.4% and 12.2%, respectively, compared with the 15th percentile speed in the marked crosswalks. Above-mentioned values in the unmarked crosswalks in the un-signalized intersections for male pedestrians, female pedestrians, and group of pedestrians decrease 1.2%, 3.8%, and 1.4%, respectively.
C1 [Behbahani, Hamid; Gilani, Vahid Najafi Moghaddam; Salehfard, Reza] IUST, Sch Civil Engn, Tehran, Iran.
   [Samet, Mehdi Jahangir] Ctr Traff & Safety Studies Management Municipal R, Rasht, Iran.
C3 Iran University Science & Technology
RP Salehfard, R (通讯作者)，IUST, Sch Civil Engn, Tehran, Iran.
EM r_salehfard@civileng.iust.ac.ir
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NR 15
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1757-8981
EI 
J9 IOP CONF SER-MAT SCI
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 245
IS 
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1088/1757-899X/245/4/042014
PG 10
WC Architecture; Engineering, Civil; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Urban Studies
SC Architecture; Engineering; Materials Science; Urban Studies
GA BJ2DC
UT WOS:000419056402006
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Lauria, A
AF Lauria, Antonio
TI Tactile Pavings and Urban Places of Cultural Interest: A Study on Detectability of Contrasting Walking Surface Materials
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Urban design; accessibility; blind pedestrians; tactile pavings; cultural heritage
ID nonvisual cues; blind people; design; pedestrians; indicators; vibration; street; spaces; gait; cane
AB In order to foster safe and independent mobility for blind people, Tactile Walking Surface Indicators (TWSI) are used in many countries throughout the world. Unfortunately, TWSI have witnessed a rapid and often uncertain proliferation without sufficient attention on their impact on spatial contexts in general, and on cultural assets in particular. With the aim of contributing to the ongoing debate concerning accessibility to cultural heritage, this paper proposes a critical reflection on the use of TWSI and explores the communicative capacities of a tactile paving typology (Contrasting Walking Surface MaterialsCWSM) based on the appropriate combination of common paving materials. Through a structured observation study conducted in a controlled environment, this paper offers a methodological design, the first quantitative data, and some food for thought regarding CWSM detectability.
C1 [Lauria, Antonio] Univ Florence, Dept Architecture, Res Unit, Florence Accessibil Lab, 93 Via San Niccolo, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
C3 University of Florence
RP Lauria, A (通讯作者)，Univ Florence, Dept Architecture, Res Unit, Florence Accessibil Lab, 93 Via San Niccolo, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
EM antonio.lauria@unifi.it
FU Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research
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NR 80
TC 14
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 25
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1063-0732
EI 1466-1853
J9 J URBAN TECHNOL
JI J. Urban Technol.
PD JUN 15
PY 2017
VL 24
IS 2
BP 3
EP 33
DI 10.1080/10630732.2017.1285096
PG 31
WC Urban Studies
SC Urban Studies
GA EZ6RI
UT WOS:000404844900002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Galenieks, A
AF Galenieks, Andrejs
TI Importance of urban street tree policies: A Comparison of neighbouring Southern California cities
SO URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
LA English
DT Article
DE Built environment; City planning; Complete streets; Urban forestry; Urban planning
ID health
AB Research points to numerous benefits provided by urban street trees including qualitative and quantitative public health, economic, and environmental advantages for a city and its residents. As with other key aspects of city management that help develop municipal success, urban forestry requires foresight, commitment and planning that lead to effective policies and strategies. Good street tree management based on effective policies can maximise street tree benefits. Poorly conceived policies or the absence of effective policies can lead to the opposite result. A case study of the neighbouring cities of Loma Linda and Redlands, California illustrates this difference. The urban tree care and protection policies in these two cities have evolved differently. The differences may be attributable to contrasting municipal commitments to preservation and to best-practice management principles. Based on a comparative analysis of street tree policies of the two cities, it can be concluded that a local culture favouring tree protection and reflective guidelines and policies can result in proactive and successful management of an urban forest. Such policies also include provision for gathering data essential for strategic tree planting, care and removal. (C) 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Galenieks, Andrejs] Loma Linda Univ Hlth, Inst Hlth Policy & Leadership, 11209 Anderson St, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA.
C3 Loma Linda University
RP Galenieks, A (通讯作者)，Loma Linda Univ Hlth, Inst Hlth Policy & Leadership, 11209 Anderson St, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA.
EM agalenieks@llu.edu
CR Beyer KMM, 2014, INT J ENV RES PUB HE, V11, P3453, DOI 10.3390/ijerph110303453
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NR 32
TC 33
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 41
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1618-8667
EI 
J9 URBAN FOR URBAN GREE
JI Urban For. Urban Green.
PD MAR 15
PY 2017
VL 22
IS 
BP 105
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.ufug.2017.02.004
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Studies; Forestry; Urban Studies
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Urban Studies
GA EV7FS
UT WOS:000401941600011
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Said, M
   Abou-Zeid, M
   Kaysi, I
AF Said, Maher
   Abou-Zeid, Maya
   Kaysi, Isam
TI Modeling Satisfaction with the Walking Environment: The Case of an Urban University Neighborhood in a Developing Country
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; Satisfaction with the walking environment; Pedestrians; Structural equation modeling
ID physical-activity; walkability; city
AB This case study investigates the level of satisfaction of students at the American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon, with the walking environment of the university's surroundings. The analysis is conducted by developing two structural equation models for estimating the relations between the level of satisfaction with the attributes of the walking environment and the level of satisfaction with the walking environment overall. The first model, based on 248 observations, examines the sample of students who are frequent on-foot commuters, whereas the second model, based on 439 observations, studies the remaining sampled students who typically conduct on-foot trips in the university surroundings for purposes other than commuting (shopping, eating, leisure, etc.). Both resulting models are of good fit and indicate that particular neighborhood attributes have the greatest impact on the level of satisfaction with the walking environment for both samples, these attributes being the ease of pedestrian crossing, sidewalk blockage, cleanliness of sidewalk, vehicular traffic on streets, and motorcycles going against traffic on one-way streets. Diversity of activities has a positive effect on the level of satisfaction as well. On the other hand, sidewalk width and quality are found to have no to little impact on the level of satisfaction of the two samples. Such findings may contribute to a better understanding of the walking environment in Beirut from the perspective of university students and aid in future policy interventions.
C1 [Said, Maher] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 125 Irani Oxy Engn Complex,POB 11-0236, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.
   [Abou-Zeid, Maya] Amer Univ Beirut, Civil & Environm Engn, 527 Bechtel,POB 11-0236, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.
   [Kaysi, Isam] Amer Univ Beirut, Civil & Environm Engn, 307 Bechtel,POB 11-0236, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.
C3 American University of Beirut; American University of Beirut; American University of Beirut
RP Said, M (通讯作者)，Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 125 Irani Oxy Engn Complex,POB 11-0236, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon.
EM mns29@aub.edu.lb; ma202@aub.edu.lb; isam@aub.edu.lb
FU Dean's Office of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture; Neighborhood Initiative program at the American University of Beirut
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   Peter O, 2013, ALLELOPATHIC POTENTI, V0, P0
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NR 40
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 57
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD MAR 15
PY 2017
VL 143
IS 1
BP 
EP 
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000347
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA EM8IQ
UT WOS:000395555200003
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Tribby, CP
   Miller, HJ
   Brown, BB
   Werner, CM
   Smith, KR
AF Tribby, Calvin P.
   Miller, Harvey J.
   Brown, Barbara B.
   Werner, Carol M.
   Smith, Ken R.
TI Analyzing walking route choice through built environments using random forests and discrete choice techniques
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-URBAN ANALYTICS AND CITY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; route choice; random forests; built environment
ID irvine-minnesota inventory; land-use measures; physical-activity; space syntax; neighborhood environment; pedestrian environment; united-states; travel; model; walkability
AB Walking is a form of active transportation with numerous benefits, including better health outcomes, lower environmental impacts and stronger communities. Understanding built environmental associations with walking behavior is a key step towards identifying design features that support walking. Human mobility data available through GPS receivers and cell phones, combined with high resolution walkability data, provide a rich source of georeferenced data for analyzing environmental associations with walking behavior. However, traditional techniques such as route choice models have difficulty with highly dimensioned data. This paper develops a novel combination of a data-driven technique with route choice modeling for leveraging walkability audits. Using data from a study in Salt Lake City, UT, USA, we apply the data-driven technique of random forests to select variables for use in walking route choice models. We estimate data-driven route choice models and theory-driven models based on predefined walkability dimensions. Results indicate that the random forest technique selects variables that dramatically improve goodness of fit of walking route choice models relative to models based on predefined walkability dimensions. We compare the theory-driven and data-driven walking route choice models based on interpretability and policy relevance.
C1 [Tribby, Calvin P.; Miller, Harvey J.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
   [Brown, Barbara B.; Werner, Carol M.; Smith, Ken R.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
   [Smith, Ken R.] Univ Utah, Huntsman Canc Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
C3 University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Huntsman Cancer Institute
RP Tribby, CP (通讯作者)，Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.; Tribby, CP (通讯作者)，Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, 1036 Derby Hall,154 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM tribby.1@osu.edu
FU National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health [CA157509]; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; National Institute for Transportation and Communities
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NR 77
TC 55
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 100
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 2399-8083
EI 2399-8091
J9 ENVIRON PLAN B-URBAN
JI Env. Plan. B-Urban Anal. City Sci.
PD NOV 15
PY 2017
VL 44
IS 6
BP 1145
EP 1167
DI 10.1177/0265813516659286
PG 23
WC Environmental Studies; Geography; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA FM3LS
UT WOS:000414907900008
PM 29308435
DA 2026-05-02
ER

