PT J
AU Zhu, W
AF Zhu, Wei
TI Pedestrians' Decision of Shopping Duration with the Influence of Walking Direction Choice
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrians; Mathematical models; Shopping centers; Time factors; Urban development
ID behavior; streets; models
AB To predict the duration of time that consumers spend in shopping environments, researchers often use hazard models to predict the probabilities of ending the shopping trip as a function of individual sociodemographics and static environmental factors. Models are established in such a way as if the duration has been determined prior to the shopping trip since the environmental factors are constant. The influence of environmental variations attributable to an individual's shopping experience during the shopping process on the decision making has not been studied. This paper proposes a model that incorporates individuals' dynamic shopping experiences into the decision of ending a shopping trip. A nested logit model is developed to explain pedestrians' decisions of going home during a shopping trip, combined with the decision of choosing a walking direction. The model is estimated on two data sets of pedestrian shopping behavior in two Chinese cities. The results show that incorporating dynamic experiences can significantly improve the statistical accuracy of predicting the go-home decisions. However, the practical improvement is limited. Temporal factors turn out to be good predictors of the go-home probability; relatively robust spatial factors for the direction choice are identified by comparing the two cases. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000071. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 Tongji Univ, Dept Urban Planning, Coll Architecture & Urban Planning, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
C3 Tongji University
RP Zhu, W (通讯作者)，Tongji Univ, Dept Urban Planning, Coll Architecture & Urban Planning, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai 200092, Peoples R China.
EM weizhu@tongji.edu.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40871080]; Tongji University
CR Bhat CR, 1997, IATBR C INT ASS TRAV, V0, P0
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   Zhu W, 2008, ENVIRON PLANN B, V35, P248, DOI 10.1068/b3396
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NR 18
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 25
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 
J9 J URBAN PLAN D-ASCE
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev.-ASCE
PD SEP 15
PY 2011
VL 137
IS 3
BP 305
EP 310
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000071
PG 6
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 818WL
UT WOS:000294786500011
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Handy, S
   McCann, B
AF Handy, Susan
   McCann, Barbara
TI The Regional Response to Federal Funding for Bicycle and Pedestrian Projects
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE nonmotorized modes; bicycle infrastructure; pedestrian infrastructure; transportation policy; regional transportation planning
ID policy implementation; framework
AB Problem: The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) gave metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) the opportunity to spend federal funds on pedestrian and bicycle facilities. Their responses vary dramatically, however, contributing to significant differences in the quality of the walking and bicycling environment across regions. Purpose: The purpose of this article is to identify factors that explain differences in the spending of federal funds for bicycle and pedestrian projects across MPOs. In addition, we consider whether federal support for bicycle and pedestrian projects has led to increased attention to these modes within the transportation planning process. With the next federal transportation authorization bill now under consideration, understanding the efficacy of federal funding for nonmotorized modes is of critical importance. Methods: This article explores these questions through case studies of bicycle and pedestrian spending and policies in six metropolitan regions. Results and Conclusions: Making federal funding available for nonmotorized modes has clearly increased bicycle and pedestrian projects across the United States, although more so in some regions than others. Support from local governments and advocacy groups is a key driver of MPO-level support for bicycle and pedestrian investments. State policy also plays a role in encouraging and supporting bicycle and pedestrian spending at the regional level, both directly and through its influence on local governments. Other unique regional factors have also influenced spending. Takeaway for Practice: Although the effectiveness of federal funding for bicycle and pedestrian projects has so far depended on state policy and local support, the next federal transportation authorization bill offers an opportunity to reduce this dependence. If the intent of the federal government is to increase spending on bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure, it can provide more direction and stronger leadership in promoting nonmotorized modes. Research Support: This research was supported by a grant from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation through its Active Living Research Program.
C1 [Handy, Susan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
   [Handy, Susan] Univ Calif Davis, Sustainable Transportat Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
C3 University of California System; University of California Davis; University of California System; University of California Davis
RP Handy, S (通讯作者)，Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM slhandy@ucdavis.edu; barbara@bmccann.net
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NR 22
TC 39
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 16
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0194-4363
EI 
J9 J AM PLANN ASSOC
JI J. Am. Plan. Assoc.
PD JUN 15
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 1
BP 23
EP 38
DI 10.1080/01944363.2011.526537
PG 16
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 700TH
UT WOS:000285766700002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Boarnet, MG
AF Boarnet, Marlon G.
TI A Broader Context for Land Use and Travel Behavior, and a Research Agenda
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE land use; travel behavior; transportation
ID california safe routes; built environment; physical-activity; urban form; active transportation; propensity score; self-selection; neighborhood; choice; walking
AB Problem: Planning studies of land use and travel behavior focus on regression analysis of travel as a function of traveler demographics and land use near study subjects' residences. Methodological debates have tended to focus almost exclusively on the possibility that persons choose their residence based on how they wish to travel. This longer view steps back from the confines of the regression-based literature to explain the historical roots, methods, and results of the literature, and to assess how the land use-travel literature must be transformed to be more relevant to planning. Purpose: There are many summaries and meta-analyses of the impact of land use on travel. The goal here is not to understand how we might better specify a regression or summarize the results of past studies, but rather to explain how a literature that has become fundamental to planning scholarship is failing to be sufficiently planning focused. At the same time, this longer view describes how the literature can be transformed to address the planning challenges of today and tomorrow. Methods: This longer view summarizes over 100 articles, covering transportation methods from the dawn of the interstate highway era to topics that include program evaluation, land development, and cognitive aspects of travel behavior. The primary focus is on the land use and travel literature, but the review and analysis is broad ranging and places the literature and its challenges within the broader context of recent developments in the social sciences, planning, policy, and electronic data collection. Results and conclusions: This longer view elucidates three research frontiers that will be necessary to move the land use-travel literature forward. First, behavioral models of land use and travel must expand to consider how land is developed, how places are planned, and how cities are built. Second, the land use-travel literature should build a robust retrospective program evaluation tradition, which is currently almost completely absent in a scholarly field dominated by cross-sectional hypothesis tests and forecasting models. Third, economic social welfare analysis must be carefully researched, including questions of preferences for neighborhood types and whether such preferences are fixed or malleable. Takeaway for practice: Planning is about city building, and the literature and practice on land use and travel behavior should adapt to better support city building. This requires both a serious commitment to social science research and planning's characteristically broad view of context, problem, and place. In an era of climate change, and amidst debates about sustain-ability, the land use-travel literature must more aggressively examine the process of plans and place making, evaluate the increasingly innovative transportation policies being implemented at the local level, and develop methods that allow more informed discussion about the costs and benefits of transportation policies.
C1 [Boarnet, Marlon G.] Univ So Calif, Grad Programs Planning, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   [Boarnet, Marlon G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA.
C3 University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California Irvine
RP Boarnet, MG (通讯作者)，Univ So Calif, Grad Programs Planning, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
EM mgboarne@uci.edu
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NR 108
TC 183
Z9 228
U1 0
U2 87
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0194-4363
EI 1939-0130
J9 J AM PLANN ASSOC
JI J. Am. Plan. Assoc.
PD JUN 15
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 3
BP 197
EP 213
DI 10.1080/01944363.2011.593483
PG 17
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 878QQ
UT WOS:000299272000001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Dumbaugh, E
   Li, WH
AF Dumbaugh, Eric
   Li, Wenhao
TI Designing for the Safety of Pedestrians, Cyclists, and Motorists in Urban Environments
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE traffic safety; community design; urban design; land use planning
ID speed
AB Problem: While design solutions aimed at enhancing the safety of pedestrians are viewed as being incompatible with those intended to improve the safety of motorists, there has been little meaningful evaluation of the issue. Instead, this disagreement is based largely on the theoretical assertion that traffic crashes are the result of random driver error, and that the only certain means for addressing safety is to design roadways to be forgiving of these errors when they occur. This perspective overlooks the possibility that crashes may instead be the product of systematic patterns of behavior associated with the characteristics of the built environment. Purpose: This study sought to discover whether urban crash incidence is the product of random error, or whether it may be influenced by characteristics of the built environment. Methods: We used negative binomial regression models to examine the relationship between several aspects of the built environment and the incidence of crashes involving motorists, pedestrians, and cyclists. We further subdivided motorist crashes into multiple-vehicle, fixed-object, and parked-car crashes to determine if these crash types had unique characteristics. Results and conclusions: We used vehicle miles of travel as a proxy for random error and found it to be positively, but weakly, associated with crashes involving motorists and pedestrians. We found stronger associations between crashes and characteristics of the built environment. We found miles of arterial roadways and numbers of four-leg intersections, strip commercial uses, and big box stores to be major crash risk factors, while pedestrian-scaled retail uses were associated with lower crash incidences. The results suggest that improvements to urban traffic safety require that designers balance the inherent tension between safety and traffic conflicts, rather than simply designing roadways to be forgiving. Takeaway for practice: Most of the ongoing debate between pedestrian advocates and traffic engineers has focused on the relative desirability of designing urban roadways to be forgiving to random driver error. Such debates have led both groups to ignore the more salient issue of systematic error. This study finds that the factors associated with a vehicle crashing into a pedestrian and cyclist are largely the same as those resulting in a crash with another vehicle. Designs that balance the inherent tension between vehicle speeds and traffic conflicts can be used to enhance the safety of pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists alike. Research support: This research was sponsored by the Southwest University Transportation Center.
C1 [Dumbaugh, Eric] Texas A&M Univ, Grad Certificate Program Transportat Planning, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
C3 Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
RP Dumbaugh, E (通讯作者)，Texas A&M Univ, Grad Certificate Program Transportat Planning, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
EM edumbaugh@tamu.edu; liwenhao@neo.tamu.edu
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NR 68
TC 141
Z9 183
U1 1
U2 71
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0194-4363
EI 1939-0130
J9 J AM PLANN ASSOC
JI J. Am. Plan. Assoc.
PD JUN 15
PY 2011
VL 77
IS 1
BP 69
EP 88
DI 10.1080/01944363.2011.536101
PG 20
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 700TH
UT WOS:000285766700005
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Stewart, O
AF Stewart, Orion
TI Findings from Research on Active Transportation to School and Implications for Safe Routes to School Programs
SO JOURNAL OF PLANNING LITERATURE
LA English
DT Article
DE active transportation to school; safe routes to school; walking; biking; children
ID physical-activity levels; travel mode; urban form; environmental-factors; elementary-schools; weight status; walking; children; prevalence; bus
AB This literature review identified common factors associated with active transportation to school (ATS). It used a conceptual framework of a child's commute mode to school to classify 480 variables from forty-two studies that were tested for association with ATS. Four factors most frequently influenced ATS: distance, income, traffic and crime fears, and parental attitudes and schedules. Regular ATS results in more physical activity but research is lacking on other outcomes. Safe Routes to School, a program designed to increase rates and safety of ATS, can use an understanding of these influences and outcomes to more effectively allocate its limited resources.
C1 Univ Washington, Urban Form Lab, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
C3 University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
RP Stewart, O (通讯作者)，Univ Washington, Urban Form Lab, 1107 NE 45th St,Suite 535, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM orions@u.washington.edu
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NR 81
TC 84
Z9 119
U1 0
U2 63
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0885-4122
EI 1552-6593
J9 J PLAN LIT
JI J. Plan. Lit.
PD MAY 15
PY 2011
VL 26
IS 2
BP 127
EP 150
DI 10.1177/0885412210385911
PG 24
WC Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 810XJ
UT WOS:000294162800001
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Rastogi, R
   Chandra, S
   Vamsheedhar, J
   Das, VR
AF Rastogi, Rajat
   Chandra, Satish
   Vamsheedhar, J.
   Das, Vivek R.
TI Parametric Study of Pedestrian Speeds at Midblock Crossings
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Pedestrian; Speed; Cross flows; Urban areas; Right of way; Traffic volume; Size effect
ID road; age
AB The speed of pedestrians is a major issue in the design and provision of pedestrian facilities. Pedestrians' speed while crossing a road depends on various characteristics related to pedestrians, traffic, and physical features of the road. A few of these characteristics are age and gender of the pedestrian, pedestrian movement singly or in a group, traffic volume, size of the urban area, and width of the road. This paper presents pedestrian crossing speeds estimated at midblock sections of the roads selected in three cities in India: Chandigarh, Hyderabad, and Delhi. It is observed that 15th-percentile speeds are in the range of 0.83-1.02 m/s, which is less than the crossing speed (1.2 m/s) used in pedestrian facility designs. Two-way movements on roads result in higher psychophysical activity, thus increasing the crossing speed by 6%. The width of the road to be crossed, the pattern of crossing, and directional traffic movement also affect the crossing speeds. It is observed that crossing speed increases with road width, traffic volume, and size of the urban area. The average crossing speeds are low near educational and bus terminus areas and greater at tourist and shopping locations. Significant difference is observed in crossing speeds on three-lane undivided and four-and six-lane divided roads, for male and female pedestrians, and different age groups. It is suggested to use 0.95 m/s as the crossing speed for facility design. This can be modified to 0.79 and 0.91 m/s, respectively, if the proportion of older or female pedestrians is high. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000083. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Rastogi, Rajat; Chandra, Satish; Vamsheedhar, J.; Das, Vivek R.] Indian Inst Technol Roorkee, Dept Civil Engn, Roorkee 247667, Uttar Pradesh, India.
C3 Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Roorkee
RP Rastogi, R (通讯作者)，Indian Inst Technol Roorkee, Dept Civil Engn, Roorkee 247667, Uttar Pradesh, India.
EM rajatfce@iitr.ernet.in; satisfce@iitr.ernet.in; j.vamsheedhar@gmail.com; vivekdurgadath@gmail.com
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NR 30
TC 48
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 24
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 137
IS 4
BP 381
EP 389
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000083
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 877BS
UT WOS:000299152100004
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Maghelal, P
   Natesan, P
   Naderi, JR
   Kweon, BS
AF Maghelal, Praveen
   Natesan, Prathiba
   Naderi, Jody Rosenblatt
   Kweon, Byoung-Suk
TI INVESTIGATING THE USE OF VIRTUAL REALITY FOR PEDESTRIAN ENVIRONMENTS
SO JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL AND PLANNING RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID knowledge
AB Simulated virtual environments have been used as a testing tool in various disciplines. In planning, transportation planners have extensively used simulated environments to test drivers' perceptions, training, and adaptability. However, these simulators have not been used to test pedestrian environments, owing to the lack of research on the adaptability of virtual simulators for walking-oriented research. This study investigates the ability of individuals to use the driving simulator for pedestrian research by modifying the simulated pedestrian environment and testing the individual's ability to identify the variations in the built environment. The result of this study indicates that the participants were able to identify, the variations in the built environment in the driving simulator; thus, the driving simulator can be adapted for pedestrian research. Future advancements in technology can help improve the test scenarios and assist urban planners, transportation planners, and health professionals in conducting pedestrian research in a controlled setting.
C1 [Maghelal, Praveen] Univ N Texas, Dept Publ Adm, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
   [Natesan, Prathiba] Univ N Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
   [Naderi, Jody Rosenblatt] Ball State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture, Muncie, IN 47306 USA.
   [Kweon, Byoung-Suk] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
C3 University of North Texas System; University of North Texas Denton; University of North Texas System; University of North Texas Denton; Ball State University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
RP Maghelal, P (通讯作者)，Univ N Texas, Dept Publ Adm, 1155 Union Circle 310617, Denton, TX 76203 USA.
EM pmaghelal@gmail.com
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NR 32
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 6
PU LOCKE SCIENCE PUBL CO INC
PI CHICAGO
PA 117 WEST HARRISON BLDG SUITE 640-L221, CHICAGO, IL 60605 USA
SN 0738-0895
EI 
J9 J ARCHIT PLAN RES
JI J. Archit. Plan. Res.
PD SUM 15
PY 2011
VL 28
IS 2
BP 104
EP 117
DI 
PG 14
WC Environmental Studies; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA V28ZL
UT WOS:000208718600002
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Walford, N
   Samarasundera, E
   Phillips, J
   Hockey, A
   Foreman, N
AF Walford, Nigel
   Samarasundera, Edgar
   Phillips, Judith
   Hockey, Ann
   Foreman, Nigel
TI Older people's navigation of urban areas as pedestrians: Measuring quality of the built environment using oral narratives and virtual routes
SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING
LA English
DT Article
DE Multimedia; Navigation; Older people; Urban design quality; Walking
ID physical-activity; spatial knowledge; walking; neighborhood; health; age; community; life; walkability; perceptions
AB Studies of navigation and walkability of the outdoor built environment are now common. However, few have taken a 'virtual' approach and in this study we examine the qualitative oral narratives of forty-eight older people provided whilst they watched film footage of a journey around an unfamiliar, urban landscape, and compare them with quantitative measures of the built environment. Pre-film cognitive/psychological tests were carried out, and the participants filled out a questionnaire covering relevant issues such as feelings about home area and navigational behaviour. From the oral narratives we found that signage as well as the presence of historical and distinctive buildings to be central. There was little evidence that perception of residential (familiar) neighbourhood impacted upon commentary about (he unfamiliar space suggesting the findings are generalisable to the wider senior citizen demographic and transferable to other localities. We propose a prototype index for urban landscape navigation from these findings. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Walford, Nigel; Samarasundera, Edgar] Kingston Univ, Ctr Earth & Environm Sci Research, Sch Geog Geol & Environm, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, Surrey, England.
   [Phillips, Judith] Swansea Univ, Ctr Innovat Ageing, Sch Human & Hlth Sci, Swansea SA2 8PP, W Glam, Wales.
   [Hockey, Ann] Anglia Ruskin Univ, Dept Built Environment, Chelmsford CM1 1SQ, Essex, England.
   [Foreman, Nigel] Middlesex Univ, Sch Hlth & Social Sci, London NW4 4BT, England.
C3 Kingston University; Swansea University; Anglia Ruskin University; Middlesex University
RP Walford, N (通讯作者)，Kingston Univ, Ctr Earth & Environm Sci Research, Sch Geog Geol & Environm, Penrhyn Rd, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, Surrey, England.
EM N.Walford@kingston.ac.uk; E.Samarasundera@kingston.ac.uk; Judith.E.Phillips@swansea.ac.uk; Ann.Hockey@anglia.ac.uk; N.Foreman@middx.ac.uk
FU Research Council New Dynamics Programme (NDA) [RES-352-25-0003]; ESRC [ES/F015534/1] Funding Source: UKRI; Economic and Social Research Council [ES/F015534/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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NR 50
TC 18
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 81
PU ELSEVIER
PI AMSTERDAM
PA RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-2046
EI 1872-6062
J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN
JI Landsc. Urban Plan.
PD MAR 30
PY 2011
VL 100
IS 1-2
BP 163
EP 168
DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.12.006
PG 6
WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 735LW
UT WOS:000288417100017
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Boarnet, MG
   Joh, K
   Siembab, W
   Fulton, W
   Mai, TN
AF Boarnet, Marlon G.
   Joh, Kenneth
   Siembab, Walter
   Fulton, William
   Mai Thi Nguyen
TI Retrofitting the Suburbs to Increase Walking: Evidence from a Land-use-Travel Study
SO URBAN STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
ID california safe routes; urban form; active transportation; built environment; auto ownership; self-selection; neighborhood; behavior; demand; impact
AB This paper reports results from a detailed travel diary survey of 2125 residents in the South Bay area of Los Angeles County-a mature, auto-oriented suburban region. Study areas were divided into four centres, typical of compact development or smart growth, and four linear, auto-oriented corridors. Results show substantial variation in the amount of walking across study areas. Trips are shorter and more likely to be via walking in centres. A key to the centres' increased walking travel is the concentration of local shopping and service destinations in a commercial core. Yet the amount of business concentration that is associated with highly pedestrian-oriented neighbourhoods is from three to four times as large as what can be supported by the local resident base, suggesting that pedestrian-oriented neighbourhoods necessarily import shopping trips, and hence driving trips, from larger surrounding catchment areas. The results suggest both land use and mobility strategies that can be appropriate for suburban regions.
C1 [Boarnet, Marlon G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Planning Policy & Design, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
   [Boarnet, Marlon G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Econ, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
   [Boarnet, Marlon G.] Univ Calif Irvine, Inst Transportat Studies, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
   [Joh, Kenneth] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning, College Stn, TX 78743 USA.
   [Siembab, Walter] Siembab Planning Associates, Los Angeles, CA 90056 USA.
   [Fulton, William] Univ So Calif, Sch Policy Planning & Dev, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
   [Mai Thi Nguyen] Univ N Carolina, Dept City & Reg Planning, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
C3 University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; University of California System; University of California Irvine; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Southern California; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
RP Boarnet, MG (通讯作者)，Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Planning Policy & Design, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
EM mgboarne@uci.edu; kjoh@tamu.edu; ws@siembab.com; bfulton@cp-dr.com; mai@unc.edu
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NR 43
TC 66
Z9 88
U1 2
U2 55
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0042-0980
EI 1360-063X
J9 URBAN STUD
JI Urban Stud.
PD JAN 15
PY 2011
VL 48
IS 1
BP 129
EP 159
DI 10.1177/0042098010364859
PG 31
WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA 696PH
UT WOS:000285453300007
PM 21174897
DA 2026-05-02
ER

PT J
AU Lotfi, S
   Koohsari, MJ
AF Lotfi, Sedigheh
   Koohsari, Mohammad Javad
TI Neighborhood Walkability in a City within a Developing Country
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Walkability; Built environment; Physical activity; Walking; Measures; Neighborhood; Tehran; Iran
ID residential self-selection; physical-activity; built environment; objective measures; walking activity; travel behavior; health; adults; urban; transportation
AB Walking has an important role in improving public health. In the last decade, there has been a growing body of literature in public health, transportation, and urban design, which has analyzed the role of the built environment on physical activity, typically walking. Although these issues have received considerable attention in developed countries, few studies exist in developing countries such as Iran. The present study is the first study in the capital city of Iran: Tehran. This paper aims to analyze the objective measuring of the built environment in relation to walking in some neighborhoods of Tehran city. The results are then compared with the level of self-reported walking among elderly people in the study area. The results revealed that elderly people who live in high-walkable neighborhoods walk more frequently than those who live in low-walkable neighborhoods regardless of their socioeconomic status. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000085. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
C1 [Lotfi, Sedigheh] Univ Mazandaran, Dept Urban Planning, Babol Sar, Iran.
   [Koohsari, Mohammad Javad] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Design, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
C3 University of Mazandaran; University of Melbourne
RP Lotfi, S (通讯作者)，Univ Mazandaran, Dept Urban Planning, Babol Sar, Iran.
EM s.lotfi@umz.ac.ir; m.koohsari@student.unimelb.edu.au
FU University of South Australia
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NR 59
TC 46
Z9 53
U1 2
U2 91
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9488
EI 1943-5444
J9 J URBAN PLAN DEV
JI J. Urban Plan. Dev
PD DEC 15
PY 2011
VL 137
IS 4
BP 402
EP 408
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000085
PG 7
WC Engineering, Civil; Regional & Urban Planning; Urban Studies
SC Engineering; Public Administration; Urban Studies
GA 877BS
UT WOS:000299152100006
DA 2026-05-02
ER

