Nicotine in E-Cigarettes Dysregulates Pulmonary Inflammation and MMP-12 Expression without Effecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Gas Chromatography (GC)-Flame Ionization Detector (FID) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Analysis
2.2. Simulation of Vape Inhalation in a 3D Artificial Lung Cavity
2.3. Cell Line
2.4. Target Analysis
2.5. In Vivo Inhaled Exposure to E-Cigarette Vapor
2.6. Expiratory Measurements
2.7. Histological Analysis
2.8. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. E-Cigarette Vapor Contains Many Hydrocarbons
3.2. Nicotine Alters Immune Responses in a Murine Alveolar Macrophage Cell Line
3.3. Exposure to E-Cigarettes Alters MMP12, IFNβ, and TNFα Responses without Influencing RSV Virulence or Airway Hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in Mice
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Goldenberg, H.; Perez Gandara, B.; Perez Perez, J.; Bramante, A.; Foronjy, R.; Dabo, A.J.; Eden, E.; Sznitman, J.; Geraghty, P. Nicotine in E-Cigarettes Dysregulates Pulmonary Inflammation and MMP-12 Expression without Effecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence. J. Respir. 2021, 1, 60-73. https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1010006
Goldenberg H, Perez Gandara B, Perez Perez J, Bramante A, Foronjy R, Dabo AJ, Eden E, Sznitman J, Geraghty P. Nicotine in E-Cigarettes Dysregulates Pulmonary Inflammation and MMP-12 Expression without Effecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence. Journal of Respiration. 2021; 1(1):60-73. https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleGoldenberg, Hannah, Brais Perez Gandara, Jessica Perez Perez, Andrew Bramante, Robert Foronjy, Abdoulaye J. Dabo, Edward Eden, Josué Sznitman, and Patrick Geraghty. 2021. "Nicotine in E-Cigarettes Dysregulates Pulmonary Inflammation and MMP-12 Expression without Effecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus Virulence" Journal of Respiration 1, no. 1: 60-73. https://doi.org/10.3390/jor1010006