Correction: Gianazza et al. Asymptomatic Intestinal Ischemia Secondary to Thrombosis of the Spleno-Mesenteric Portal Axis: Usefulness of Laparoscopic Approach for Diagnosis and Therapeutical Decisions—Case Report and Review of the Literature. Emerg. Care Med. 2024, 1, 39–45

Citation Correction

In the original publication [1], reference 1 was incorrectly attributed to (“Cokkinis, A.J. Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion London, Bailliere, Tindall & Cox. Br. J. Surg. 1927, 14, 543”).

The citation has now been corrected as follows:

• Reference 1: Elliot, J.W., II. The Operative Relief of Gangrene of Intestine Due to Occlusion of the Mesenteric Vessels. Ann Surg. 1895, 21, 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000658-189521060-00002.

In the original publication, reference 2 was incorrectly attributed to (“Umpleby, H.C. Thrombosis of the Superior Mesenteric Vein. Br. J. Surg. 1987, 74, 694–696”).

The citation has now been corrected as follows:

• Reference 2: Cokkinis, A.J. Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion London, Bailliere, Tindall & Cox. Br. J. Surg. 1927, 14, 543.

In the original publication, reference 3 was incorrectly attributed to (“Sulger, E.; Dhaliwal, H.S.; Goyal, A.; Gonzalez, L. Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis; StatPearls Publishing: Treasure Island, FL, USA, 2022”).

The citation has now been corrected as follows:

• Reference 3: Warren, S.; Eberhard, T.P. Mesenteric venous thrombosis. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1935, 61, 102.

Text Correction

Due to the error of attribution of references in the Introduction paragraph, errors have been introduced in the Discussion section. The mistake made was the attribution of several references to “Cokkinis, A.J. Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion London, Bailliere, Tindall & Cox. Br. J. Surg. 1927, 14, 543.”, which in the original manuscript was listed as reference number 1. Those citations still belong to “Cokkinis, A.J. Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion London, Bailliere, Tindall & Cox. Br. J. Surg. 1927, 14, 543.”, but in the revised manuscript this reference is now correctly listed as number 2.

A correction has been made to Discussion.

MVT is an unusual but often lethal form of ischemia. The incidence of Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis is 2.7/100,000 patient years and accounts for 5–15% of mesenteric ischemia in the population. This is likely to be an underestimation of its true incidence since the autopsy diagnoses represent 1.5% of the population. Most of the patients are older than 70 years [2,10,11].

It has been estimated that 60% of patients suffering from MVT had a history of deep venous thrombosis in the past.

Generally, thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein involves the ileum and jejunum segments of the bowel. MVT is characterized by generalized abdominal cramps nonproportional to the clinical findings [2]. Nonspecific symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hematemesis and hematochezia. The nonspecific features of the pain and the possibility of initially normal laboratory and clinical findings may delay the diagnosis [7]. This delay contributes to the 15–40% mortality rate indicated in the literature.

Abdominal radiographs of the case may demonstrate nonspecific dilated ileus and fluid-filled loops of the bowel. It is generally accepted that computer tomography is the best diagnostic test for acute MVT. With a 91% accuracy, CT-angiography of the abdominal vessels with 3D reconstruction is the gold standard for diagnosing acute mesenteric ischemia. Mesenteric ischemia or infarction due to acute MVT manifests as continuous bowel wall thickening to greater than 20 mm with layered and/or inhomogeneous enhancement, mesenteric haziness, mesenteric vascular engorgement and ascites [16].

When bowel infarction is present, resection is mandatory [2].

References

With this correction, the order of some references has been adjusted accordingly. The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.