Analysis of Faster-Than-Real-Time (FTRT) Tsunami Simulations for the Spanish Tsunami Warning System for the Atlantic
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Tectonic Context
2.2. Tsunami Warning System of Spain
2.3. Design of the Scenarios for PD2 ChEESE Live Demo
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Maximum Height and Arrival Time Variability
3.2. Source Parameter Uncertainty Contribution
3.3. Alert Levels Variation
3.4. Role of the Computational Domain Resolution
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
SCENARIO ID | Longitude (°) | Latitude (°) | Depth (km) | Length (km) | Width (km) | Strike (°) | Dip (°) | Rake (°) | Slip (m) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CCmCsCdC * | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsDdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsUdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsCdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsDdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsUdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsCdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsDdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmCsUdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
CCmDsCdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsDdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsUdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsCdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsDdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsUdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsCdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsDdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmDsUdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
CCmUsCdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsDdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsUdC | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsCdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsDdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsUdD | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsCdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsDdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
CCmUsUdU | −9.772 | 35.442 | 50 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmCsCdC | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsDdC | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsUdC | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsCdD | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsDdD | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsUdD | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsCdU | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsDdU | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmCsUdU | −9.39 | 35.56 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
EmDsCdC | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsDdC | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsUdC | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsCdD | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsDdD | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsUdD | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsCdU | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsDdU | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmDsUdU | −9.47 | 35.53 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
EmUsCdC | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsDdC | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsUdC | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsCdD | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsDdD | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsUdD | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsCdU | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsDdU | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
EmUsUdU | −9.36 | 35.56 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmCsCdC | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsDdC | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsUdC | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsCdD | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsDdD | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsUdD | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsCdU | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsDdU | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmCsUdU | −9.78 | 35.12 | 64 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
SmDsCdC | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsDdC | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsUdC | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsCdD | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsDdD | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsUdD | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsCdU | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsDdU | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmDsUdU | −9.78 | 35.18 | 61.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
SmUsCdC | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsDdC | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsUdC | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsCdD | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsDdD | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsUdD | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsCdU | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsDdU | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
SmUsUdU | −9.77 | 35.09 | 66 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmCsCdC | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsDdC | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsUdC | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsCdD | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsDdD | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsUdD | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsCdU | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsDdU | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmCsUdU | −9.77 | 35.77 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
WmDsCdC | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsDdC | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsUdC | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsCdD | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsDdD | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsUdD | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsCdU | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsDdU | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmDsUdU | −9.77 | 35.7 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
WmUsCdC | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsDdC | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsUdC | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsCdD | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsDdD | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsUdD | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsCdU | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsDdU | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
WmUsUdU | −9.77 | 35.79 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmCsCdC | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsDdC | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsUdC | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsCdD | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsDdD | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsUdD | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsCdU | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsDdU | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmCsUdU | −10.14 | 35.33 | 36 | 61.332 | 51.11 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.76 |
NmDsCdC | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsDdC | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsUdC | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsCdD | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsDdD | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsUdD | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsCdU | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsDdU | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmDsUdU | −10.07 | 35.35 | 38.5 | 48.718 | 40.598 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 2.19 |
NmUsCdC | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsDdC | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsUdC | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 35 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsCdD | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsDdD | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsUdD | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 15 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsCdU | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 39 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsDdU | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 24 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
NmUsUdU | −10.18 | 35.32 | 34 | 77.212 | 64.343 | 54 | 55 | 90 | 3.47 |
Free Parameter: Magnitude | Normalized Difference of Maximum Height (m) | Normalized Difference of Arrival Time (s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Name of Case | Mean | STD | Mean | STD |
‘CCmCsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.101 | 0.081 | 1.370 | 16.000 |
‘CCmCsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.174 | 0.138 | 0.115 | 0.000 |
‘CCmCsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.122 | 0.098 | 2.091 | 18.000 |
‘CCmDsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.052 | 0.042 | 0.054 | 0.000 |
‘CCmDsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.094 | 0.074 | 0.165 | 0.000 |
‘CCmDsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.060 | 0.046 | 0.055 | 0.000 |
‘CCmUsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.192 | 0.155 | 1.092 | 11.000 |
‘CCmUsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.311 | 0.251 | 1.969 | 16.000 |
‘CCmUsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.248 | 0.217 | 3.111 | 20.000 |
‘EmCsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.079 | 0.066 | 0.060 | 0.000 |
‘EmCsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.142 | 0.138 | 0.816 | 10.000 |
‘EmCsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.101 | 0.075 | 0.098 | 1.000 |
‘EmDsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.041 | 0.034 | 0.064 | 0.000 |
‘EmDsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.077 | 0.071 | 0.138 | 0.000 |
‘EmDsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.052 | 0.038 | 0.074 | 0.000 |
‘EmUsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.153 | 0.127 | 1.520 | 12.000 |
‘EmUsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.261 | 0.259 | 1.347 | 13.000 |
‘EmUsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.196 | 0.148 | 0.487 | 5.000 |
‘WmCsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.133 | 0.140 | 1.704 | 16.000 |
‘WmCsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.200 | 0.178 | 1.362 | 15.000 |
‘WmCsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.190 | 0.209 | 3.216 | 22.000 |
‘WmDsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.063 | 0.064 | 0.046 | 0.000 |
‘WmDsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.106 | 0.093 | 0.102 | 0.000 |
‘WmDsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.083 | 0.086 | 0.052 | 0.000 |
‘WmUsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.270 | 0.292 | 1.900 | 16.000 |
‘WmUsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.355 | 0.304 | 1.496 | 15.000 |
‘WmUsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.400 | 0.458 | 3.717 | 22.000 |
‘SmCsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.091 | 0.070 | 0.499 | 9.000 |
‘SmCsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.154 | 0.133 | 0.609 | 9.000 |
‘SmCsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.110 | 0.084 | 1.328 | 15.000 |
‘SmDsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.047 | 0.037 | 0.055 | 0.000 |
‘SmDsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.083 | 0.072 | 0.195 | 0.000 |
‘SmDsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.055 | 0.042 | 0.081 | 0.000 |
‘SmUsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.172 | 0.130 | 0.763 | 7.000 |
‘SmUsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.284 | 0.244 | 1.573 | 15.000 |
‘SmUsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.215 | 0.163 | 2.614 | 20.000 |
‘NmCsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.146 | 0.147 | 1.080 | 13.000 |
‘NmCsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.212 | 0.167 | 1.424 | 15.000 |
‘NmCsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.195 | 0.259 | 3.152 | 22.000 |
‘NmDsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.071 | 0.067 | 0.068 | 0.000 |
‘NmDsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.116 | 0.093 | 0.156 | 0.000 |
‘NmDsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.084 | 0.094 | 0.061 | 0.000 |
‘NmUsXdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.283 | 0.308 | 3.321 | 23.000 |
‘NmUsXdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.366 | 0.287 | 2.844 | 22.000 |
‘NmUsXdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.409 | 0.533 | 3.698 | 23.000 |
Free Parameter: Magnitude | Normalized Difference of Maximum Height (m) | Normalized Difference of Arrival Time (s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Name of Case | Mean | STD | Mean | STD |
‘CCmCsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.269 | 0.196 | 1.452 | 15.000 |
‘CCmCsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.262 | 0.194 | 1.389 | 15.000 |
‘CCmCsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.273 | 0.176 | 1.427 | 16.000 |
‘CCmDsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.146 | 0.108 | 0.152 | 0.000 |
‘CCmDsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.140 | 0.105 | 0.133 | 0.000 |
‘CCmDsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.147 | 0.098 | 0.157 | 0.000 |
‘CCmUsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.491 | 0.352 | 3.366 | 22.000 |
‘CCmUsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.490 | 0.359 | 3.286 | 21.000 |
‘CCmUsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.499 | 0.316 | 3.295 | 20.000 |
‘EmCsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.209 | 0.144 | 1.545 | 14.000 |
‘EmCsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.201 | 0.140 | 0.887 | 10.000 |
‘EmCsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.222 | 0.151 | 1.505 | 14.000 |
‘EmDsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.115 | 0.082 | 0.173 | 0.000 |
‘EmDsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.112 | 0.080 | 0.157 | 0.000 |
‘EmDsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.119 | 0.081 | 0.170 | 0.000 |
‘EmUsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.382 | 0.259 | 3.180 | 20.000 |
‘EmUsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.362 | 0.248 | 3.896 | 23.000 |
‘EmUsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.410 | 0.280 | 3.128 | 21.000 |
‘WmCsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.331 | 0.240 | 4.705 | 28.000 |
‘WmCsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.341 | 0.265 | 4.934 | 29.000 |
‘WmCsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.331 | 0.228 | 2.523 | 20.000 |
‘WmDsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.170 | 0.129 | 0.128 | 0.000 |
‘WmDsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.171 | 0.140 | 0.097 | 0.000 |
‘WmDsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.170 | 0.118 | 0.119 | 0.000 |
‘WmUsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.657 | 0.489 | 6.061 | 30.000 |
‘WmUsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.691 | 0.547 | 7.669 | 35.000 |
‘WmUsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.648 | 0.465 | 4.945 | 26.000 |
‘SmCsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.250 | 0.178 | 0.541 | 8.000 |
‘SmCsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.240 | 0.175 | 1.404 | 15.000 |
‘SmCsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.257 | 0.180 | 0.600 | 9.000 |
‘SmDsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.135 | 0.100 | 0.195 | 0.000 |
‘SmDsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.129 | 0.096 | 0.149 | 0.000 |
‘SmDsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.139 | 0.100 | 0.182 | 0.000 |
‘SmUsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.450 | 0.309 | 2.084 | 15.000 |
‘SmUsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.434 | 0.308 | 3.742 | 25.000 |
‘SmUsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.466 | 0.315 | 2.435 | 16.000 |
‘NmCsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.347 | 0.264 | 1.819 | 17.000 |
‘NmCsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.378 | 0.355 | 3.230 | 23.000 |
‘NmCsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.331 | 0.222 | 0.816 | 10.000 |
‘NmDsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.182 | 0.143 | 0.151 | 0.000 |
‘NmDsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.184 | 0.157 | 0.125 | 0.000 |
‘NmDsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.177 | 0.125 | 0.150 | 0.000 |
‘NmUsCdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.699 | 0.571 | 5.747 | 29.000 |
‘NmUsDdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.784 | 0.799 | 3.932 | 24.000 |
‘NmUsUdX_ATL_1_2’ | 0.644 | 0.470 | 5.637 | 30.000 |
Free Parameter: Magnitude | Normalized Difference of Maximum Height (m) | Normalized Difference of Arrival Time (s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Name of Case | Mean | STD | Mean | STD |
‘CCmXsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.078 | 0.486 | 8.207 | 33.000 |
‘CCmXsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.813 | 0.428 | 7.144 | 31.000 |
‘CCmXsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.126 | 0.520 | 8.105 | 33.000 |
‘CCmXsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.128 | 0.510 | 8.061 | 33.000 |
‘CCmXsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.885 | 0.462 | 7.478 | 33.000 |
‘CCmXsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.182 | 0.560 | 8.443 | 36.000 |
‘CCmXsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.080 | 0.492 | 8.813 | 35.000 |
‘CCmXsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.801 | 0.412 | 7.262 | 32.000 |
‘CCmXsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.125 | 0.525 | 8.702 | 34.000 |
‘EmXsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.965 | 0.501 | 7.831 | 34.000 |
‘EmXsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.747 | 0.440 | 6.552 | 30.000 |
‘EmXsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.977 | 0.531 | 8.139 | 35.000 |
‘EmXsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.009 | 0.527 | 8.055 | 35.000 |
‘EmXsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.821 | 0.495 | 6.331 | 30.000 |
‘EmXsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.024 | 0.559 | 8.323 | 36.000 |
‘EmXsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.948 | 0.482 | 7.910 | 34.000 |
‘EmXsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.702 | 0.385 | 6.698 | 31.000 |
‘EmXsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.960 | 0.507 | 7.851 | 33.000 |
‘WmXsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.349 | 0.676 | 10.457 | 39.000 |
‘WmXsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.992 | 0.533 | 7.134 | 31.000 |
‘WmXsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.461 | 0.783 | 12.950 | 45.000 |
‘WmXsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.382 | 0.722 | 11.314 | 41.000 |
‘WmXsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 1.045 | 0.570 | 7.337 | 32.000 |
‘WmXsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.542 | 0.877 | 14.345 | 47.000 |
‘WmXsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.348 | 0.670 | 9.254 | 36.000 |
‘WmXsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.981 | 0.515 | 7.171 | 31.000 |
‘WmXsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.435 | 0.763 | 10.581 | 38.000 |
‘SmXsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.937 | 0.450 | 7.208 | 31.000 |
‘SmXsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.698 | 0.393 | 7.471 | 34.000 |
‘SmXsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.962 | 0.472 | 6.993 | 31.000 |
‘SmXsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.988 | 0.472 | 7.442 | 32.000 |
‘SmXsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.777 | 0.420 | 6.748 | 31.000 |
‘SmXsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.019 | 0.508 | 5.049 | 26.000 |
‘SmXsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.933 | 0.452 | 7.194 | 31.000 |
‘SmXsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.669 | 0.387 | 7.610 | 34.000 |
‘SmXsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.955 | 0.468 | 6.865 | 29.000 |
‘NmXsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.281 | 0.647 | 12.678 | 44.000 |
‘NmXsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.917 | 0.508 | 9.379 | 38.000 |
‘NmXsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.404 | 0.790 | 12.338 | 42.000 |
‘NmXsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.364 | 0.720 | 11.417 | 41.000 |
‘NmXsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.986 | 0.520 | 9.082 | 36.000 |
‘NmXsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.549 | 0.985 | 12.151 | 42.000 |
‘NmXsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 1.279 | 0.643 | 11.345 | 41.000 |
‘NmXsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.935 | 0.533 | 8.197 | 35.000 |
‘NmXsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.371 | 0.745 | 10.026 | 37.000 |
Free Parameter: Location | Normalized Difference of Maximum Height (m) | Normalized Difference of Arrival Time (s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Name of Case | Mean | STD | Mean | STD |
‘lXmCsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.468 | 0.329 | 5.274 | 29.000 |
‘lXmCsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.370 | 0.284 | 2.480 | 19.000 |
‘lXmCsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.516 | 0.365 | 6.300 | 33.000 |
‘lXmCsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.494 | 0.358 | 5.597 | 30.000 |
‘lXmCsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.379 | 0.306 | 2.592 | 20.000 |
‘lXmCsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.576 | 0.458 | 5.327 | 30.000 |
‘lXmCsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.454 | 0.322 | 5.640 | 31.000 |
‘lXmCsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.367 | 0.276 | 3.077 | 22.000 |
‘lXmCsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.488 | 0.343 | 5.491 | 30.000 |
‘lXmDsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.222 | 0.159 | 0.151 | 0.000 |
‘lXmDsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.176 | 0.138 | 0.253 | 1.000 |
‘lXmDsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.239 | 0.174 | 0.167 | 0.000 |
‘lXmDsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.235 | 0.171 | 0.162 | 0.000 |
‘lXmDsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.182 | 0.150 | 0.195 | 0.000 |
‘lXmDsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.260 | 0.204 | 0.194 | 0.000 |
‘lXmDsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.218 | 0.159 | 0.152 | 0.000 |
‘lXmDsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.177 | 0.139 | 0.235 | 0.000 |
‘lXmDsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.228 | 0.164 | 0.172 | 0.000 |
‘lXmUsCdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.852 | 0.590 | 7.342 | 34.000 |
‘lXmUsCdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.646 | 0.474 | 6.396 | 33.000 |
‘lXmUsCdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.007 | 0.765 | 9.032 | 37.000 |
‘lXmUsDdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.902 | 0.659 | 6.546 | 31.000 |
‘lXmUsDdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.656 | 0.508 | 6.070 | 31.000 |
‘lXmUsDdU_ATL_1_2’ | 1.128 | 0.953 | 10.335 | 42.000 |
‘lXmUsUdC_ATL_1_2’ | 0.816 | 0.568 | 5.703 | 30.000 |
‘lXmUsUdD_ATL_1_2’ | 0.644 | 0.458 | 6.930 | 34.000 |
‘lXmUsUdU_ATL_1_2’ | 0.946 | 0.704 | 6.511 | 31.000 |
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Alert Level | Tsunami Height (m) | Run-Up (m) | Coastal Effects |
---|---|---|---|
WATCH | >0.5 | >1 | Coastal flooding |
ADVISORY | 0.2–0.5 | <1 | Currents, retreat from the sea, damage to ports, small flooding on beaches |
INFORMATION | <0.2 | No tsunami hazard |
Operational at IGN | ChEESE Live Demo | |
---|---|---|
Model | Tsunami-HySEA v-3.6.1 | Tsunami-HySEA v-3.8.1_MC |
Target area | Area of the Gulf of Cádiz (Atlantic ocean): from −18.5° W to −1° W in longitude and from 27° N to 45° N in latitude. | |
Computational domain | One computational domain with one numerical resolution: ATL (−21°, 26°; 1°, 45°) | Four computational domains with three numerical resolutions 1. ATL ½ arcmin (−18.5°, 27°; −1°, 45°) 2. GCN ¼ arcmin (−13°, 33.5°; −1°, 45°) 3. GCIC ¼ arcmin (−18.5°, 27°; −5°, 38°) 4. GC ⅛ arcmin (−13°, 33.5°; −4°, 38°) (left-bottom; right-top corners coordinates in longitude, latitude) |
Model resolution | ½ arcmin | ½–¼–⅛ arcmin |
Size of the problem (number of volumes) | 5,472,000 | ATL—4,536,000 GCN—7,948,800 GCIC—8,553,600 GC—9,331,200 |
Simulated time | 8 h | 4 h |
Storage frequency for time series | 30 s | 15 s |
Number of simulations | 1 | 135 × 4 |
Computational resources | Two nodes/two NVIDIA V100 GPUs | 68 nodes/272 NVIDIA V100 GPUs |
Time to solution | 2.5 min | 1 min—ATL 3 min—GCN & GCIC 7 min—GC Total time: ≈7 min (parallel) |
Deterministic products | Tsunami arrival time Maximum tsunami height Alert levels | Tsunami arrival time Maximum tsunami height Alert levels |
Include uncertainty | No | Yes |
Cases with Varying Parameter | Mean of Normalized Difference on Maximum Height (m) | Mean of Normalized Difference on Arrival Time (min) |
---|---|---|
Strike | 0.163 ± 0.151 | 1.150 ± 9.356 |
Dip | 0.324 ± 0.241 | 2.076 ± 13.333 |
Location | 0.505 ± 0.377 | 4.012 ± 20.296 |
Magnitude | 1.065 ± 0.556 | 8.659 ± 34.956 |
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Gaite, B.; Macías, J.; Cantavella, J.V.; Sánchez-Linares, C.; González, C.; Puertas, L.C. Analysis of Faster-Than-Real-Time (FTRT) Tsunami Simulations for the Spanish Tsunami Warning System for the Atlantic. GeoHazards 2022, 3, 371-394. https://doi.org/10.3390/geohazards3030019
Gaite B, Macías J, Cantavella JV, Sánchez-Linares C, González C, Puertas LC. Analysis of Faster-Than-Real-Time (FTRT) Tsunami Simulations for the Spanish Tsunami Warning System for the Atlantic. GeoHazards. 2022; 3(3):371-394. https://doi.org/10.3390/geohazards3030019
Chicago/Turabian StyleGaite, Beatriz, Jorge Macías, Juan Vicente Cantavella, Carlos Sánchez-Linares, Carlos González, and Luis Carlos Puertas. 2022. "Analysis of Faster-Than-Real-Time (FTRT) Tsunami Simulations for the Spanish Tsunami Warning System for the Atlantic" GeoHazards 3, no. 3: 371-394. https://doi.org/10.3390/geohazards3030019