A Variety of New Traveling Wave Packets and Conservation Laws to the Nonlinear Low-Pass Electrical Transmission Lines via Lie Analysis

: This research is based on computing the new wave packets and conserved quantities to the nonlinear low-pass electrical transmission lines (NLETLs) via the group-theoretic method. By using the group-theoretic technique, we analyse the NLETLs and compute inﬁnitesimal generators. The resulting equations concede two-dimensional Lie algebra. Then, we have to ﬁnd the commutation relation of the entire vector ﬁeld and observe that the obtained generators make an abelian algebra. The optimal system is computed by using the entire vector ﬁeld and using the concept of abelian algebra. With the help of an optimal system, NLETLs convert into nonlinear ODE. The modiﬁed Khater method (MKM) is used to ﬁnd the wave packets by using the resulting ODEs for a supposed model. To represent the physical importance of the considered model, some 3 D , 2 D , and density diagrams of acquired results are plotted by using Mathematica under the suitable choice of involving parameter values. Furthermore, all derived results were veriﬁed by putting them back into the assumed equation with the aid of Maple software. Further, the conservation laws of NLETLs are computed by the multiplier method.


Introduction
The nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs) explain the physical problems in different branches of engineering and nonlinear science, for example, plasma physics, biology, fluid mechanics, optics, solid-state physics, etc. [1,2]. Numerical and analytical solutions of NLEEs play a significant role in understanding the nonlinear physical models that are appearing in nonlinear sciences as well as many other branches of science, including natural sciences. Furthermore, the effort in computing the exact travelling wave patterns of NLEEs through different methods has developed speedily in the last few years, which is one of the important and advanced subjects of nonlinear science, engineering, and theoretical physics. Subsequently, we know the hypothesis of the exceptional waves in a particular soliton. Solitons have an important role in several physical phenomena and they show up in different shapes, for example, kink, bright breather, pulse, dark, envelope, and many others.
Many kinds of solutions are computed by using different analytical schemes such as e homogeneous balance technique, the auxiliary equation technique and the Jacobi elliptic expansion scheme, and many other techniques which are described and cited here. In this research, we are using the MKM, which has not been used previously for this model. Using this useful method on our supposed equation, we find some new kinds of wave patterns which are fruitful and very interesting results. We have used a MKM to get the required results and we obtain bright solutions, soliton-like solutions, singular bright solutions, periodic soliton solutions, and combined soliton solutions. These results are in the form of trigonometric and hyperbolic functions. There are different kinds of solutions for low pass electrical transmission lines that are computed in [46][47][48][49][50] and many other related data of this model can be seen in the literature which is cited in this article. As far as we know, the outcomes represented in this paper generally have not been described in the literature. The solutions we have developed here are new and very useful in the different branches of science.
Lie method [51][52][53][54] is employed to analyse the NLETLs. We have to construct the classical symmetries of the assumed model. We see that the obtained vector field forms an abelian algebra. We find some new travelling wave results for the NLETLs by utilizing an optimal system of Lie symmetry vectors by using the concept of abelian algebra. With the help of an optimal system, NLETLs convert into nonlinear ODE. Using the theory of the Lie symmetry method [55][56][57], we get the various forms of significant results to the assumed PDE. Then, we explore the wave solutions with the help of the integration technique, namely the modified Khater method [58,59], to solve the NLPDEs depicting the wave proliferation in the NLETLs. By using the translational vectors and their linear combinations, the NLETLs are converted to an equation wave proliferation in ordinary differential equation NLETLs. MKM is employed to find some new trigonometric and hyperbolic results which represent the consistency by Maple. To represent the physical importance of the considered model, some 3D, 2D, and density diagrams of the acquired results are plotted by using Mathematica under the suitable choice of involving parameters values. Furthermore, all derived results were verified by putting them back into the assumed equation with the aid of Maple software. Further, the conservation laws of NLPETLs are computed by the multiplier method. In recent years, many scientists have developed the use of the Lie theory, including Ibragimov [60], Olver [61], A.F Cheviakov [62] and Bluman [63].
In this article, we will discuss the nonlinear low-pass electrical transmission line (NLPETL) Equation [64,65] of the following form: where U = U(θ, τ) is the voltage and l 1 , l 2 , δ are the constants. Spatial component θ and temporal component τ represent the proliferation distance and slow time, respectively. The actual parts of the derivation of Equation (1) applying Kirchhoff's laws are presented in [47], which are precluded here for brevity. The travelling wave and soliton solutions of Equation (1) are derived in [48]. The expansion method for describing given model and the generalized projective Riccati equations method and its applications to non-linear PDEs describing the given equation are in [49,50]. The investigation of NLETLs and their care arrangements are significant for different applied fields, for example, interfacing radio transmitters and collectors with their receiving wires, appropriating satellite TV signals, trunk lines directing calls between phone exchanging focuses, PC network associations, and rapid PC information transports. Furthermore, in interchanges and electronic designing, a transmission line is a specific medium or other construction intended to convey exchanging current of radio recurrence. NLTLs are additionally given a valuable method to check how the nonlinear excitations act inside the medium and to show the colourful properties of new frameworks [66].
Conservation laws play a very important role in constructing the analytical results of different types of nonlinear physical models. Furthermore, conservation laws are used for the reduction of PDEs, to construct the numerical, analytical, and solitary wave results. Various methods are developed to find the conservation laws, including Naz et al. [67], Herman et al. [68] and A.F. Cheviakov [69], who constructed the package GeM on Maple to find the conservation laws for PDEs. Here, we are using the multiplier scheme [70] to find the conservation laws for the assumed model. To the best of our knowledge, the supposed equation is not described by the MKM and no one has computed the conservation laws of this physical model. The pattern of this paper is as follows, in Section 2, preliminaries are presented. Classical symmetries are computed in Section 3. The optimal system, wave patterns, and graphical diagrams are described in Section 4. Conservation laws of the NLETLs are constructed in Section 5. At the end of this article, the conclusion is stated.
(Step 4): By using the balancing method to find the value of m by comparing the highest order linear and nonlinear term in ODE (4), the value of j is always positive.
(Step 5): Plugging Equations (5) and (6) into Equation (4) and equating the coefficients of powers of B( ) to zero, which gives us the system of algebraic equations which can be solved by Mathematica.
When the multiplier Λ(θ, τ, U) are obtained with help of (24), the conservation laws can be determined by Equation (23) as the determining equation.

Optimal System
We observe that P = {Z 1 , Z 2 } make an abelian subalgebra. So the one-dimensional optimal system for the entire vector field (32) is: 4.1. Similarity Reduction of Equation (1) In this portion, we aim to find the similarity variables for (33), obtained similarity variables are used to convert the considered PDE into nonlinear ODE and help us to compute the analytical solution for Equation (1).
The characteristic equation for this vector field can be written as: after solving the above characteristic equation, we obtain putting Equation (34) into Equation (1), which gives us the following ODE below: integrating (35) once w.r.t , we get the following solution: where C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , and C 4 are all integration constants.

£
In this case, we have the transformation plugging Equation (37) into Equation (1), which gives us the following ODE:

Travelling Wave Solutions of Equation (1)
In this portion, wave patterns are computed by MKM for the NLETLs from Equation (38). Using the balancing scheme described in preliminaries to find the value of m, choosing the linear and nonlinear terms Q and Q 2 Q from Equation (38), we get m = 1, substituting in Equation (5), and we get: Assume that the B( ) is the solution of the ODE: plugging Equations (39) and (40) into an (38), after some routine calculations we acquired a system of equations which gives us the following set of solutions: where and we get the following set of solutions for Equation (1) with the use of Equation (41): 1: If ∆ < 0 and γ 3 = 0, then 2: If ∆ > 0 and γ 3 = 0, then 3: If γ 3 γ 1 > 0 and γ 2 = 0, then 5: If γ 2 = 0 and γ 3 = γ 1 , then 6: If γ 2 = 0 and γ 3 = −γ 1 , then γ 2 2 ln(ϑ) .

Conservation Laws
Here the multiplier technique is used to construct the conservation laws for (1). From Equation (24), we obtain the determining equation for lambda Λ(θ, τ, U): From Equation (21), the Euler operator is defined as total derivative operator D τ and D θ can be written as with help of Equation (20): solving Equation (42), and we obtain the eight multipliers: Equations (23) and (45) give us conservation laws. Two components, F 1 and F 2 , of the conservation laws for Equation (1). Case 1. Conserved vectors relating to can be written as: Case 2. The conservation laws relating to can be written as: Case 3. The conservation laws relating to can be written as: Case 4. The conservation laws relating to can be written as: Case 5. The conservation laws relating to can be written as: F Case 6. The conservation laws relating to can be written as: F Case 7. The conservation laws relating to can be written as: can be written as:

Conclusions
In this work, we have studied the nonlinear model depicting the wave proliferation in NLETLs employing integration scheme modified Khater method. NLETLs have been discussed by the Lie analysis approach. This method is employed to analyse the NLETLs and construct the infinitesimal generators. We found the entire vector field and discuss the different solutions of the NLETLs. We can see that generated vector field forms an abelian Lie algebra. The assumed NLETLs were converted into nonlinear ODE by using an optimal system. Then, we explored the wave solutions with the help of the integration technique, namely the MKM, to solve the nonlinear partial differential depicting the wave proliferation in the NLETLs. We have used a MKM to get the new wave solutions. These results are in the form of trigonometric and hyperbolic functions. The benefits of the proposed technique are that they are simple, direct, reliable, and it addresses its wide-range appropriateness. It is hoped that our proposed technique is much better and can be used for the many types of NLPDE's. To represent the physical importance of the considered model, some 3D, 2D, and density diagrams of acquired results are plotted by using Mathematica under the suitable choice of involving parameters values. We have shown some comparison graphical behaviour of the solution for taking different values of l 1 and l 2 . Further, the conservation laws of NLETLs are computed by the multiplier method.