New Modiﬁcations of Integral Inequalities via ℘ -Convexity Pertaining to Fractional Calculus and Their Applications

: Integral inequalities for ℘ -convex functions are established by using a generalised fractional integral operator based on Raina’s function. Hermite–Hadamard type inequality is presented for ℘ -convex functions via generalised fractional integral operator. A novel parameterized auxiliary identity involving generalised fractional integral is proposed for differentiable mappings. By using auxiliary identity, we derive several Ostrowski type inequalities for functions whose absolute values are ℘ -convex mappings. It is presented that the obtained outcomes exhibit classical convex and harmonically convex functions which have been veriﬁed using Riemann–Liouville fractional integral. Several generalisations and special cases are carried out to verify the robustness and efﬁciency of the suggested scheme in matrices and Fox–Wright generalised hypergeometric functions. such as coding theory, functional analysis, and optimisation theory. To promote the investigation of fractional integral operator, here, we demonstrate the concept which is extensively utilised for the development of inequalities, namely the generalised fractional integral operator based on Raina’s function along with the well-acknowledged concept of convexity that plays a vital role in operation research, economics, fuzzy analysis and management sciences.


Introduction
A new calculus has been revolutionised with integrals and derivatives of arbitrary order. Recently, several researchers introduced a bulk of novel fractional operators which have made a significant contribution to the extension of fractional calculus. In real life, fractional calculus is generated from various fractional operators such as Riemann-Liouville, Caputo, Hadamard, Atangana-Baleanu, Caputo-Fabrizio, Gauss hypergeometric and so on, due to its widespread use in different fields, for example, turbulence, electric networks, exothermic chemical reactions or autocatalytic reactions, modelling, flow of fractional Maxwell fluid and engineering, see [1][2][3]. Going in the same direction in the setting of fractional operators, fractional differential equations have played a dominant role and investigated useful results in modelling of several phenomena in biological systems with memory and computer graphics [4][5][6][7][8][9].
As is well known, integral inequalities, which are based on fractional calculus, are widely used in many real-life phenomena, such as coding theory, functional analysis, and optimisation theory. To promote the investigation of fractional integral operator, here, we demonstrate the concept which is extensively utilised for the development of inequalities, namely the generalised fractional integral operator based on Raina's function along with the well-acknowledged concept of convexity that plays a vital role in operation research, economics, fuzzy analysis and management sciences. Now, we recall the celebrated Hermite-Hadamard inequality as follows: holds for all e 1 , e 2 ∈ I and e 1 < e 2 . Several refinements, improvements and variant forms of (1) have been contemplated in the literature (see, e.g., [10][11][12][13][14][15]).
Another distinguished generalisation in inequality theory proposed in 1928, is the Ostrowski inequality [16], which provides an upper bound for the approximation of the integral average 1 4 + (x − e 1 +e 2 2 ) 2 (e 2 − e 1 ) 2 (2) holds for all x ∈ (e 1 , e 2 ) with the best feasible constant 1 4 . The inequality (2) has a significant contribution in quadrature rules, numerical analysis and certain special areas of pure and applied sciences. An enormous heft of developments and speculations of (1) and (2) have been established with the aid of fractional operators [17][18][19][20][21][22].
Here, we intend to derive a refinement of Hermite-Hadamard type integral inequality by the use of generalised fractional integral operator. Taking into account the generalised fractional integral operators, we also obtained an integral identity and more generalised fractional integral inequalities of the Ostrowski type with respect to operators (4) and (5). We now define some basic concepts, preliminaries, definitions and related consequences. Definition 1. We call the mapping F : ∅ = K ⊆ R → R is convex on K if F( x + (1 − )y) ≤ F(x) + (1 − )F(y), ∀x, y ∈ K, ∈ [0, 1]. Definition 2 ([23]). Let ℘ ∈ R \ {0} and K ⊆ (0, ∞). We call the mapping F : A lot of researchers have been expanding ℘-convex functions and their characteristics. For example, Abdeljawad et al. [24] derived Simpson's type inequalities for ℘-convex functions on fractal space. Chen et al. [25] explored the fractional approach for n-polynomial ℘-convex functions.İşcan et al. [26] obtained some Hermite-Hadamard inequality for ℘-quasi convex functions. More detailed implications for ℘-convex functions can be found in the works [13,23,27]. Now, we recall the generalised fractional integral operators, which are necessary for our main results.
Raina [28] introduced the following operator associated with the general class of functions.
where R is the set of real numbers and the coefficients σ(κ)(κ ∈ N 0 = N ∪ {0}) is the bounded sequence of positive real numbers. With the aid of (3), author [28] proposed the following left and right-sided fractional integral operators, respectively, as follows: and where ϕ, ρ > 0, ∈ R and F( ) is such that the integrals on the right side exists. The operators mentioned in (4) and (5) are bounded on L 1 (e 1 , e 2 ), if In view of F ∈ L 1 (e 1 , e 2 ), we have In fact, the significance of these operators curtails over-simplification. Numerous helpful integral operators can be obtained by specialising in the coefficient σ(κ).
Here, we just mention that the left and right classical RL-fractional integrals of αth order by replacing the values ϕ = α, σ(0) = 1 and = 0 in (4) and (5) as follows and To derive inequality like (2), several researchers established different results pertaining to convexity and fractional integral operators as follows: 29]). Let there be a differentiable mapping F : I ⊂ R → R on I • with e 1 < e 2 and e 1 , e 1 ∈ I. If F ∈ L 1 ([e 1 , e 2 ]), then the following identity holds for x ∈ [e 1 , e 2 ].
It is incontestable that fractional integral inequalities have played a vital role in pure and applied analysis. Recently, the investigation of some well-known integral inequalities for generalised fractional integral has been established by several researchers, (see [31,32]). In [33], Rashid et al. obtained the inequality similar to (2) via K-fractional integral operator. Chu et al. [22] derived the novel fractal bounds via generalised exponentially harmonically s-convex functions. Thatsatian et al. [31] proved the inequality similar to (2) by employing a generalised fractional integral operator. In [32], Gürbüz et al. established some inequalities by fractional integrals of positive real orders.
Inspired by the above works, here we established the fractional integral inequalities for ℘-convex mappings by employing a generalised fractional integral operator depending on the Raina's function. A new integral identity correlated with generalised fractional integral operator is presented. Several estimates of upper bounds concerned with Ostrowski type inequalities are derived. The consequences established here, being very general, are figured out to be specified to produce several existing results for classical convex and harmonically convex mappings. Pertinent relations of the numerous outcomes established here with those comprising comparatively simple fractional integral operators are also directed. Moreover, the proposed scheme is supported by applications to apply all established novel outcomes and validate their supremacy.
The following Lemma will be necessary for proving our results: and

Ostrowski Type Inequalitiy
Firstly, we present a lemma for differentiable mappings which is a basic tool to obtain our main consequences. Then, we will show certain estimates which are the modifications of earlier works.
To prove our main consequences, we need the following lemma.

Lemma 6.
For α ∈ [0, 1] and ℘ > 0 and let there be a differentiable function F : . Then the following identity holds:

Proof.
Integrating by parts, we have In a similar way, we have Multiplying both sides of (24) and (25) by . (26) and . (27) Adding (26) and (27) gives the desired equality. So, this completes the proof.
Using the fact that So, this completes the proof.

Matrices
Consider C n represents the set of n × n completes matrices and M n denotes the algebra of n × n complex matrices and M + n be the strictly positive matrices in M, i.e., G ∈ M + n if Gx, x > 0 for all nonzero x ∈ C n .
In [37], author derived the formula is convex for all w ∈ [0, 1]. Then, this non-negative function is ℘-convex on [0, 1]. Then, by Theorem 1 having G, H ∈ M + n , Y ∈ M n , respectively, we have Then the desired inequality (49) can be derived by applying inequality (15) to the mapping (48).

Conclusions
The fractional integral inequalities for ℘-convex functions in the sense of generalised fractional integral operator have been successfully derived in this article. Here, we concentrate on all derived results in the current study that have been sustained for classical harmonically and classical convex functions, which can be obtained by letting ℘ = −1 or 1. All the derived outcomes are supported by applications in matrices and Fox-Wright function to relate and validate them. Consequently, this investigation shed light on special functions and existing fractional integral operators. Recently, author [39] has pondered Hermite-Hadamard's inequality on higher dimensions. Furthermore, it will be an appealing problem for ongoing research to analyse the outcomes achieved in this paper on higher dimensions. Therefore, this fascinating topic of research stimulates all other researchers to work on further investigation of n-polynomial ℘-convexity defined in other fractional operators.