Supplemental Materials 1 - Figures and Tables

Table S1 Master recession curve constants for each site
SF
QF
QF:SF ratio
Q_0 (L/s)
abs(k)
Q_0 (L/s)
abs(k)
F1 11 0.05 175 0.4 8.0
DCS 6 0.13 9 0.5 3.8
DCN 8 0.08 25 0.28 3.5
Table S2
Rainfall and tile discharge metrics for each site-event. G is growing, NG is non-growing
WY Season Season4 Event Site Rain (mm) Volume (mm) R.R. Response Time (hr) Peak Flow Rate (mm/day) Time to Peak Flow (min) MHRI (mm/day) Days Since Manure App. Days Since P App. TP Load (g/ha) TP FWMC (ug/L) SRP Load (g/ha) SRP FWMC (ug/L)
2019 NG Fall 11-02 F1 54.36 8.4 0.15 13.65 31.70 2085 152.40 27 27 4.30 50.9 NA NA
2019 NG Fall 11-06 F1 10.41 2.5 0.24 18.53 3.55 150 73.15 31 31 3.30 133.6 NA NA
2019 NG Fall 11-09 F1 30.23 18.5 0.61 4.62 38.84 330 121.92 34 34 43.90 236.7 NA NA
2019 NG Fall 11-13 F1 13.46 2.5 0.19 10.08 1.76 465 121.92 38 38 2.70 110.1 NA NA
2019 NG Fall 11-25 F1 35.31 48.3 1.37 11.50 33.57 2465 103.63 50 50 84.50 174.9 NA NA
2019 NG Fall 12-02 F1 20.57 24.4 1.19 NA 50.65 485 128.02 57 57 29.20 119.8 NA NA
2019 NG Fall 12-21 F1 NA 34.2 NA NA 44.68 1165 NA 76 76 141.80 415.1 NA NA
2019 NG Fall 12-31 F1 NA 6.8 NA NA 3.92 1455 NA 86 86 11.10 162.0 NA NA
2019 NG Winter 01-24 F1 NA 21.7 NA NA 37.03 790 NA 110 110 3.30 15.0 NA NA
2019 NG Winter 03-14 F1 NA 13.6 NA NA 31.44 1555 NA 159 159 54.10 397.1 NA NA
2019 NG Winter 03-21 F1 NA 20.6 NA NA 19.78 2875 NA 166 166 33.70 163.0 NA NA
2019 NG Spring 04-09 F1 NA 7.0 NA NA 17.39 90 NA 185 185 10.30 147.9 NA NA
2019 NG Spring 04-15 F1 NA 4.1 NA NA 3.55 95 NA 191 191 4.00 98.0 NA NA
2019 NG Spring 04-20 F1 NA 32.0 NA NA 44.96 370 NA 196 196 115.40 360.5 NA NA
2019 NG Spring 04-26 F1 NA 21.7 NA NA 43.74 515 NA 202 202 86.50 399.0 NA NA
2019 G Spring 05-10 F1 NA 8.0 NA NA 20.38 285 NA 216 216 29.90 374.0 NA NA
2019 G Spring 05-13 F1 NA 6.0 NA NA 4.28 330 NA 219 219 3.50 57.8 NA NA
2019 G Spring 05-19 F1 NA 13.9 NA NA 24.30 520 NA 225 225 21.00 151.2 NA NA
2019 G Spring 05-26 F1 NA 2.1 NA NA 2.66 55 NA 232 7 1.30 61.4 NA NA
2019 G Spring 05-28 F1 NA 8.4 NA NA 9.88 200 207.26 234 9 5.60 66.7 NA NA
2019 G Spring 06-05 F1 41.15 28.1 0.68 21.35 56.27 260 225.55 242 17 277.90 989.1 NA NA
2019 G Spring 06-11 F1 25.40 9.8 0.39 3.17 17.13 175 188.98 248 23 19.60 199.1 NA NA
2019 G Spring 06-29 F1 NA 3.1 NA NA 4.54 50 NA 266 41 4.50 147.0 NA NA
2019 G Summer 07-06 F1 NA 1.3 NA NA 6.44 45 NA 273 48 2.10 158.6 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-07 F1 40.39 0.6 0.01 5.07 3.60 185 170.69 1 1 10.00 1559.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-17 F1 66.55 22.3 0.34 6.50 45.44 350 158.50 11 11 154.80 693.4 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-23 F1 12.70 0.6 0.05 4.77 2.34 315 103.63 17 17 2.60 475.8 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 11-19 F1 10.16 5.6 0.55 2.97 3.69 4105 97.54 44 44 9.50 171.4 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 11-27 F1 13.72 9.7 0.71 2.45 46.64 515 79.25 52 52 91.60 943.1 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 12-09 F1 3.81 6.0 1.57 NA 4.29 1395 67.06 64 64 15.10 249.8 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 12-30 F1 NA 9.3 NA NA 20.04 520 NA 85 85 28.70 309.8 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 01-11 F1 NA 31.3 NA NA 50.28 1645 NA 97 97 196.30 627.5 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 01-25 F1 NA 9.5 NA NA 3.65 2025 NA 111 111 14.80 156.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 02-24 F1 NA 1.2 NA NA 2.43 275 NA 141 141 1.40 121.9 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 02-26 F1 NA 2.7 NA NA 3.55 320 NA 143 143 4.80 177.9 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-03 F1 NA 46.5 NA NA 39.50 840 NA 149 149 194.80 418.9 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-06 F1 NA 7.3 NA NA 17.68 215 NA 152 152 16.60 229.3 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-08 F1 NA 1.8 NA NA 3.40 205 NA 154 154 6.30 341.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-11 F1 NA 6.1 NA NA 4.94 445 NA 157 157 13.10 216.7 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-26 F1 NA 2.0 NA NA 5.35 130 NA 172 172 4.20 204.1 1.20 61.24
2020 NG Winter 03-29 F1 18.29 10.5 0.57 3.93 6.49 2025 54.86 175 175 27.50 262.9 8.40 80.35
2020 NG Spring 04-03 F1 8.64 4.4 0.51 12.52 6.51 205 36.58 180 180 10.40 234.4 NA NA
2020 NG Spring 04-13 F1 17.78 12.1 0.68 3.78 47.69 660 97.54 190 190 70.40 582.0 20.30 167.88
2020 NG Spring 04-27 F1 24.64 3.1 0.13 4.17 6.26 275 103.63 204 204 11.90 385.7 3.50 113.38
2021 NG Fall 12-01 F1 29.72 9.7 0.33 3.05 33.27 475 134.11 56 56 80.50 826.7 45.90 470.62
2021 NG Fall 12-25 F1 28.19 23.9 0.85 2.07 43.47 965 152.40 80 80 119.30 497.9 85.30 356.05
2021 NG Winter 01-17 F1 20.32 1.7 0.08 20.82 1.75 570 109.73 103 103 1.80 107.6 1.10 64.60
2020 NG Fall 10-17 DCN 66.55 NA NA NA NA NA NA 5 5 NA 2770.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-23 DCN 12.70 6.4 0.50 1.27 17.95 305 103.63 11 11 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-27 DCN 16.51 12.1 0.73 3.98 34.69 160 128.02 15 15 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-31 DCN 74.93 37.8 0.50 1.75 58.64 1185 323.09 19 19 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Fall 11-24 DCN NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 43 43 NA 468.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 11-27 DCN 13.72 14.8 1.08 0.70 46.14 565 79.25 46 46 165.76 1120.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 12-09 DCN 3.81 9.7 2.55 0.33 9.42 510 67.06 58 58 52.19 538.0 22.70 234.00
2020 NG Fall 12-14 DCN 8.64 8.0 0.93 5.85 11.76 1220 36.58 63 63 46.40 580.0 15.76 197.00
2020 NG Fall 12-28 DCN NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 77 77 NA 238.0 NA 118.00
2020 NG Fall 12-30 DCN NA 11.1 NA NA 25.20 550 NA 79 79 41.96 378.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 01-03 DCN NA 6.2 NA NA 12.65 290 NA 83 83 18.97 306.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 01-11 DCN NA 30.1 NA NA 49.97 1515 NA 91 91 230.57 766.0 81.27 270.00
2020 NG Winter 01-25 DCN NA 13.4 NA NA 6.36 1325 NA 105 105 62.71 468.0 18.09 135.00
2020 NG Winter 02-27 DCN NA 13.3 NA NA 32.05 340 NA 138 138 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-03 DCN NA 79.8 NA NA 43.33 3115 NA 143 143 329.57 413.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-08 DCN NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 148 148 NA 377.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-13 DCN NA 9.2 NA NA 31.11 215 NA 153 153 49.86 542.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-26 DCN NA 7.6 NA 4.17 11.68 1550 109.73 166 166 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-29 DCN 18.29 16.8 0.92 1.35 12.10 785 54.86 169 169 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Spring 04-03 DCN 8.64 7.4 0.86 5.77 10.48 600 36.58 174 174 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Spring 04-13 DCN 17.78 13.3 0.75 2.87 47.12 710 97.54 184 184 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Spring 04-27 DCN 24.64 9.4 0.38 2.50 22.54 345 103.63 198 198 NA NA NA NA
2020 G Spring 05-12 DCN 16.76 3.5 0.21 1.52 14.01 285 91.44 213 15 35.40 1012.4 22.70 649.91
2020 G Summer 08-04 DCN 65.02 3.6 0.06 11.58 49.74 190 408.43 297 99 10.70 301.2 3.10 88.18
2020 G Summer 09-30 DCN 56.39 1.1 0.02 8.25 7.93 250 219.46 2 2 17.90 1669.6 5.80 538.05
2021 NG Fall 12-01 DCN 29.72 12.7 0.43 2.05 46.63 530 134.11 64 64 68.90 544.1 24.40 193.01
2021 NG Fall 12-25 DCN 28.19 30.0 1.06 2.07 53.67 915 152.40 88 88 147.30 491.0 53.20 177.31
2021 NG Winter 01-17 DCN 20.32 4.4 0.22 21.82 7.10 435 109.73 111 111 9.60 219.5 2.70 62.38
2021 NG Winter 03-11 DCN NA 55.0 NA NA 53.45 2975 24.38 164 164 224.80 408.5 84.90 154.36
2021 NG Spring 04-16 DCN 44.45 20.5 0.46 7.42 26.66 1820 128.02 200 1 97.20 474.0 18.90 91.91
2021 NG Spring 04-22 DCN 17.02 10.1 0.59 0.08 9.57 875 54.86 206 7 32.20 319.7 6.30 62.59
2021 NG Spring 04-30 DCN 37.34 29.7 0.80 23.75 52.55 495 79.25 214 15 182.80 615.1 41.20 138.78
2021 G Spring 05-06 DCN 25.15 20.8 0.83 1.12 48.80 835 97.54 220 21 168.70 809.3 45.90 220.22
2021 G Summer 07-02 DCN 54.36 18.0 0.33 5.55 49.67 240 201.17 277 39 38.80 216.2 15.50 86.52
2021 G Summer 07-03 DCN 16.00 8.4 0.52 23.98 26.55 55 134.11 278 40 15.60 186.9 6.40 76.37
2021 G Summer 07-09 DCN 28.19 8.9 0.32 7.55 49.39 375 134.11 284 46 30.80 345.0 12.10 135.73
2021 G Summer 07-13 DCN 18.80 2.5 0.13 0.03 17.54 140 243.84 288 50 8.20 333.4 3.30 134.50
2021 G Summer 07-14 DCN 7.37 1.6 0.22 11.10 6.55 85 158.50 289 51 1.50 93.9 0.60 37.11
2021 G Summer 07-18 DCN 47.24 21.7 0.46 10.62 58.92 605 195.07 293 55 139.20 642.5 49.80 229.72
2021 G Summer 07-19 DCN 7.87 6.0 0.76 23.55 23.35 125 195.07 294 56 30.70 512.1 0.00 0.00
2021 G Summer 07-21 DCN 20.07 11.1 0.55 0.05 58.42 75 243.84 296 58 73.70 664.6 23.80 214.28
2021 G Summer 07-30 DCN 11.18 1.3 0.12 17.53 6.86 130 152.40 305 67 3.26 251.0 1.10 84.70
2021 G Summer 08-02 DCN 32.26 15.6 0.48 6.23 57.75 135 310.90 308 70 129.64 831.0 23.71 152.00
2021 G Summer 08-11 DCN 18.29 0.4 0.02 18.95 11.83 25 268.22 317 79 NA NA NA NA
2021 G Summer 08-20 DCN 55.12 17.4 0.32 23.78 55.99 680 195.07 326 88 79.34 456.0 11.48 66.00
2021 G Summer 09-08 DCN 29.46 2.4 0.08 0.63 48.56 40 640.08 345 107 5.76 240.0 1.21 50.50
2021 G Summer 09-24 DCN 33.02 1.6 0.05 3.37 12.04 210 213.36 361 123 15.18 949.0 2.67 167.00
2020 NG Fall 10-17 DCS 66.55 12.6 0.19 5.08 17.98 405 158.50 5 5 195.30 1550.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-23 DCS 12.70 2.5 0.20 2.02 9.94 260 103.63 11 11 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Fall 10-27 DCS 16.51 5.1 0.31 3.57 15.42 190 128.02 15 15 84.15 1650.0 20.55 403.00
2020 NG Fall 10-31 DCS 74.93 12.6 0.17 2.17 19.91 1075 323.09 19 19 228.06 1810.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 11-24 DCS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 43 43 NA 666.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 11-27 DCS 13.72 5.1 0.37 NA 16.74 850 79.25 46 46 60.69 1190.0 NA NA
2020 NG Fall 12-09 DCS 3.81 NA NA NA NA NA NA 58 58 NA 574.0 NA 245.00
2020 NG Fall 12-14 DCS 8.64 2.5 0.29 13.68 6.11 740 36.58 63 63 12.17 487.0 5.95 238.00
2020 NG Fall 12-28 DCS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 77 77 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Fall 12-30 DCS NA 4.1 NA NA 11.41 490 NA 79 79 25.01 610.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 01-03 DCS NA 4.8 NA NA 6.24 265 NA 83 83 19.10 398.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 01-11 DCS NA 12.2 NA NA 17.47 1500 NA 91 91 90.77 744.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 01-25 DCS NA 5.0 NA NA 3.08 1230 NA 105 105 22.35 447.0 6.05 121.00
2020 NG Winter 03-03 DCS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 143 143 NA 504.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-05 DCS NA 6.1 NA NA 16.10 285 NA 145 145 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-06 DCS NA 2.7 NA NA 13.17 205 NA 146 146 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-08 DCS NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 148 148 NA 384.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-09 DCS NA 3.5 NA NA 7.04 290 NA 149 149 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-13 DCS NA 2.8 NA NA 14.10 240 NA 153 153 19.99 714.0 NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-26 DCS NA 1.3 NA NA 5.43 170 NA 166 166 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Winter 03-29 DCS 18.29 6.1 0.33 3.02 5.76 690 54.86 169 169 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Spring 04-03 DCS 8.64 1.4 0.16 11.85 4.49 245 36.58 174 174 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Spring 04-13 DCS 17.78 5.0 0.28 4.20 16.62 640 97.54 184 184 NA NA NA NA
2020 NG Spring 04-26 DCS NA 3.0 NA 3.25 9.59 300 103.63 197 197 NA NA NA NA
2020 G Spring 05-12 DCS 16.76 1.2 0.07 2.60 5.87 215 91.44 213 15 11.90 972.7 7.80 639.94
2020 G Summer 08-04 DCS 65.02 1.6 0.02 12.08 17.19 160 408.43 297 99 4.50 281.9 0.80 51.96
2020 G Summer 09-30 DCS 56.39 0.3 0.01 10.17 2.65 140 219.46 2 2 4.60 1512.9 1.50 508.74
2021 NG Winter 03-11 DCS NA 40.0 NA NA 33.12 2975 24.38 164 164 181.20 452.6 66.60 166.32
2021 NG Spring 04-16 DCS 44.45 13.8 0.31 9.50 24.08 1705 128.02 200 1 73.10 529.3 11.50 83.11
2021 NG Spring 04-22 DCS 17.02 6.2 0.36 3.00 7.93 690 54.86 206 7 23.50 379.5 4.50 72.90
2021 NG Spring 04-30 DCS 37.34 20.6 0.55 23.75 33.54 585 79.25 214 15 138.70 672.8 27.20 131.90
2021 G Spring 05-06 DCS 25.15 13.4 0.53 0.20 32.38 925 97.54 220 21 111.40 832.7 27.10 202.64
2021 G Summer 07-02 DCS 54.36 15.8 0.29 5.88 31.80 215 201.17 277 39 34.00 216.0 12.10 76.48
2021 G Summer 07-03 DCS 16.00 8.8 0.55 23.87 25.10 95 134.11 278 40 17.50 198.0 8.20 92.86
2021 G Summer 07-09 DCS 28.19 8.6 0.31 7.13 31.53 415 134.11 284 46 26.30 307.9 10.70 125.55
2021 G Summer 07-13 DCS 18.80 2.1 0.11 0.62 15.24 110 243.84 288 50 6.80 322.7 2.00 95.99
2021 G Summer 07-14 DCS 7.37 1.1 0.15 11.60 7.47 50 158.50 289 51 2.70 250.6 0.90 82.27
2021 G Summer 07-18 DCS 47.24 18.6 0.39 8.95 36.65 710 195.07 293 55 91.20 489.1 26.80 143.75
2021 G Summer 07-19 DCS 7.87 5.3 0.67 23.38 22.20 140 195.07 294 56 42.10 789.9 0.00 0.00
2021 G Summer 07-21 DCS 20.07 8.2 0.41 0.22 34.86 80 243.84 296 58 59.10 718.5 19.00 231.62
2021 G Summer 07-30 DCS 11.18 1.1 0.10 17.37 6.52 140 152.40 305 67 3.43 312.0 0.68 62.20
2021 G Summer 08-02 DCS 32.26 11.7 0.36 6.40 35.40 140 310.90 308 70 69.97 598.0 12.29 105.00
2021 G Summer 08-11 DCS 18.29 0.7 0.04 19.12 24.63 15 268.22 317 79 NA NA NA NA
2021 G Summer 08-20 DCS 55.12 14.1 0.26 23.70 35.22 720 195.07 326 88 49.07 348.0 13.06 92.60
2021 G Summer 09-08 DCS 29.46 2.5 0.08 0.63 32.91 40 640.08 345 107 8.62 345.0 1.15 45.90
2021 G Summer 09-24 DCS 33.02 1.3 0.04 3.70 11.48 190 213.36 361 123 8.42 648.0 0.86 66.20

Figure S1 Map of study location in the northeast United States. State of Vermont in Orange and Addison County, Vermont in Black. Source: Jenny Bower, UVM PSS Department. Base layers obtained from the Vermont Center for Geographic Information and the U.S. Census Bureau.

Figure S2 Images of sampling infrastructure.

Figure S3 Field site schematics.

p < .0001 ***; p < .001 **, p < .01 *, p < .05 `.

Figure S4 Kendall correlations between event rainfall metrics and day of hydrologic year (Oct. 1 - Sep. 30), including all data (top) and removing the 2021 WY Growing season (bottom)

Table S3 Summary statistics for event tile discharge metrics for each site

F1
(N=47)		 DCN
(N=47)		 DCS
(N=46)		 Overall
(N=140)
Response Time (hr)
Mean (SD) 8.16 (6.42) 7.52 (8.03) 8.76 (7.73) 8.11 (7.52)
Median [Min, Max] 4.77 [2.07, 21.4] 4.17 [0.0300, 24.0] 6.14 [0.200, 23.9] 5.08 [0.0300, 24.0]
Missing 28 (59.6%) 12 (25.5%) 16 (34.8%) 56 (40.0%)
R.R.
Mean (SD) 0.533 (0.431) 0.536 (0.472) 0.264 (0.173) 0.439 (0.399)
Median [Min, Max] 0.510 [0.0100, 1.57] 0.470 [0.0200, 2.55] 0.285 [0.0100, 0.670] 0.340 [0.0100, 2.55]
Missing 26 (55.3%) 13 (27.7%) 16 (34.8%) 55 (39.3%)
Peak Flow Rate (mm/day)
Mean (SD) 20.3 (18.1) 31.1 (19.1) 17.7 (10.9) 23.0 (17.4)
Median [Min, Max] 17.1 [1.75, 56.3] 26.7 [6.36, 58.9] 16.1 [2.65, 36.7] 17.5 [1.75, 58.9]
Missing 0 (0%) 4 (8.5%) 5 (10.9%) 9 (6.4%)
TP Load (g/ha)
Mean (SD) 44.3 (62.5) 77.7 (80.3) 55.7 (60.3) 57.4 (68.5)
Median [Min, Max] 14.8 [1.30, 278] 46.4 [1.50, 330] 26.3 [2.70, 228] 28.7 [1.30, 330]
Missing 0 (0%) 14 (29.8%) 15 (32.6%) 29 (20.7%)
SRP Load (g/ha)
Mean (SD) 23.7 (31.5) 21.4 (23.2) 12.0 (14.6) 17.8 (21.5)
Median [Min, Max] 8.40 [1.10, 85.3] 15.6 [0, 84.9] 8.00 [0, 66.6] 11.5 [0, 85.3]
Missing 40 (85.1%) 19 (40.4%) 22 (47.8%) 81 (57.9%)

p < .0001 ***; p < .001 **, p < .01 *, p < .05 .

Figure S5 Kendall correlations between P application periods (i.e. ‘days since P application’ and ‘days since manure application’) and event tile P discharge metrics

Table S4 Summary of flow pathway and source connectivity models for events included in the four-component hydrograph separation analysis. Time to peak in hours in parenthesis and all flow components are in mm
Total Rainfall (mm) Flow Volume (mm) QF SF Old New QF old QF new SF old SF new
DCNSUB05122020 16.26 3.5 (4.8) 3.4 (4.8) 0.1 (14) 2.5 (4.8) 1 (5) 2.4 (4.8) 1 (5) 0.1 (14) 0 (0)
DCSSUB05122020 16.26 1.2 (3.6) 0.9 (3.6) 0.3 (10.4) 0.9 (3.6) 0.3 (3.6) 0.6 (3.6) 0.3 (3.6) 0.3 (9.9) 0 (10.2)
DCNSUB12012020 29.72 12.7 (8.8) 11.9 (8.8) 0.8 (25) 6.6 (8.8) 6.1 (8.8) 5.8 (8.8) 6.1 (8.8) 0.8 (25) 0 (0)
DCNSUB12252020 28.19 30 (15.2) 27.7 (15.2) 2.3 (37.1) 11.6 (15.2) 18.4 (15.2) 9.6 (15.2) 18.1 (15.2) 1.9 (37.2) 0.4 (37.1)
DCNSUB01172021 20.57 4.4 (7.2) 3.3 (7.2) 1.1 (45.1) 1.2 (7.2) 3.2 (7.2) 0.6 (7.2) 2.7 (7.2) 0.6 (52.1) 0.5 (45.1)
DCNSUB03112021 1.02 55 (49.6) 45 (49.6) 10.1 (89.7) 13.8 (30.7) 41.2 (52.8) 6.8 (30.7) 38.2 (52.8) 7 (66.7) 3.1 (89.8)
DCSSUB03112021 1.02 40 (49.6) 30.8 (29.8) 9.2 (79.3) 12.1 (32.2) 28 (49.6) 4.8 (32.2) 26 (49.6) 7.3 (63.7) 1.9 (79.3)
DCNSUB04162021 44.7 20.5 (30.3) 17.6 (30.3) 2.9 (57) 4 (30.3) 16.5 (30.3) 1.7 (30.2) 15.9 (30.3) 2.3 (57) 0.6 (53.2)
DCSSUB04162021 44.7 13.8 (28.4) 11.3 (28.4) 2.5 (48.2) 5.4 (28.4) 8.4 (28.4) 3.2 (28.4) 8.1 (28.4) 2.2 (41.3) 0.3 (47.4)
DCNSUB04222021 17.02 10.1 (14.6) 6.8 (14.6) 3.3 (59.5) 7.6 (14.6) 2.5 (14.6) 4.3 (14.6) 2.5 (14.6) 3.3 (59) 0 (58.1)
DCSSUB04222021 17.02 6.2 (11.5) 4 (11.5) 2.2 (44.1) 3.6 (12.2) 2.5 (11.5) 1.6 (12.2) 2.4 (11.5) 2.1 (39.5) 0.2 (43.1)
DCNSUB04302021 29.72 29.7 (8.2) 24.2 (8.2) 5.5 (48.2) 13.6 (8.2) 16.2 (8.2) 8.6 (8.2) 15.6 (8.2) 4.9 (49.8) 0.6 (47.7)
DCSSUB04302021 30.23 20.6 (9.8) 16.6 (9.8) 4 (43.1) 9.1 (10) 11.5 (9.8) 5.7 (10) 10.9 (9.8) 3.4 (35.2) 0.6 (42.8)
DCNSUB05062021 25.15 20.8 (13.9) 17.5 (13.9) 3.3 (40) 11.9 (13.8) 8.9 (13.9) 8.6 (13.8) 8.9 (13.9) 3.3 (40) 0 (36.8)
DCSSUB05062021 24.89 13.4 (15.4) 10.9 (15.4) 2.5 (30.9) 6.1 (15.9) 7.3 (14.9) 3.8 (15.9) 7.1 (14.9) 2.3 (27.2) 0.2 (30.6)
DCNSUB07022021 54.36 18 (4) 16.6 (4) 1.3 (20.1) 6.8 (3.9) 11.2 (4) 5.5 (3.9) 11.2 (4) 1.3 (20.1) 0 (0)
DCSSUB07022021 55.63 15.8 (3.6) 15.2 (3.6) 0.6 (22) 6.4 (6) 9.4 (9.9) 5.8 (6) 9.4 (9.9) 0.6 (22) 0 (0)
DCNSUB07032021 29.21 8.4 (0.9) 4.8 (0.9) 3.5 (19.3) 7.5 (0.8) 0.9 (1.3) 4 (0.8) 0.8 (1.3) 3.5 (19.1) 0 (19.4)
DCSSUB07032021 31.75 8.8 (1.6) 5.5 (1.6) 3.4 (21.9) 7.5 (2) 1.4 (1.6) 4.1 (2) 1.3 (1.6) 3.3 (21.8) 0 (0.5)
DCNSUB07092021 28.19 8.9 (6.2) 8 (6.2) 1 (15) 4.1 (6.2) 4.8 (6.2) 3.2 (6.2) 4.8 (6.2) 1 (15) 0 (13.8)
DCSSUB07092021 28.19 8.6 (6.9) 7.4 (6.8) 1.2 (17.4) 4.6 (7.7) 4 (6.9) 3.5 (7.7) 3.9 (6.9) 1.1 (15.7) 0 (17.1)
DCNSUB07132021 18.8 2.5 (2.3) 2.2 (2.3) 0.3 (10) 1.7 (2.3) 0.7 (2.6) 1.5 (2.3) 0.7 (2.6) 0.3 (10) 0 (0.3)
DCSSUB07132021 18.8 2.1 (1.8) 1.7 (1.8) 0.4 (10) 1.4 (1.8) 0.7 (2) 1 (1.8) 0.7 (2) 0.4 (10) 0 (0.1)
DCNSUB07182021 47.24 21.7 (10.1) 20 (10.1) 1.7 (22) 6.9 (4.2) 14.7 (10.1) 5.3 (4.2) 14.7 (10.1) 1.7 (22) 0 (0.5)
DCSSUB07182021 49.78 18.6 (11.8) 16.7 (11.8) 2 (28.5) 7.4 (12.6) 11.2 (10.4) 5.5 (12.6) 11.2 (10.4) 2 (27.1) 0 (28.2)
DCS Sum 318.27 149.1 121 28.3 64.5 84.7 39.6 81.3 25 3.2
DCN Sum 390.15 246.2 209 37.2 99.8 146.3 67.9 141.2 32 5.2
Mean 28.34 15.81 13.2 2.62 6.57 9.24 4.3 8.9 2.28 0.34
S.D. 14.58 12.65 10.61 2.51 3.82 9.61 2.49 9.01 1.92 0.71
Table S5 Pearson correlation matrix for rainfall and tile discharge metrics for events included in the four-component hydrograph separation. Units for the hydrograph separation components are ‘mm’ and all other units are the same as in Table S1
Volume Rain RR 24 hr Rain 7 day Rain 30 day Rain Peak Rainfall Intensity Response Time Time to Peak Flow Peak Flow Rate TP Load SRP Load PPL QF QF_TtP SF SF_TtP old old_TtP new new_TtP QF_old QF_old_TtP QF_new QF_new_TtP SF_old SF_old_TtP SF_new
Volume
Rain -0.14
RR 0.78**** -0.56**
24 hr Rain -0.38 0.62** -0.39
7 day Rain -0.46* 0.12 -0.36 0.41*
30 day Rain -0.37 0.24 -0.40* 0.25 0.67***
Peak Rainfall Intensity -0.43* 0.38 -0.40* 0.47* 0.34 0.61**
Response Time -0.41* 0.15 -0.46* 0.05 0.28 0.37 0.25
Time to Peak Flow 0.78**** -0.35 0.82**** -0.44* -0.46* -0.52** -0.55** -0.43*
Peak Flow Rate 0.63*** 0.36 0.26 -0.01 -0.02 0.12 0.04 -0.23 0.26
TP Load 0.90**** -0.15 0.59** -0.52** -0.49* -0.24 -0.47* -0.33 0.69*** 0.64***
SRP Load 0.92**** -0.27 0.74**** -0.51** -0.48* -0.28 -0.41* -0.45* 0.71**** 0.60** 0.93****
PPL 0.85**** -0.09 0.50* -0.51** -0.47* -0.21 -0.47* -0.25 0.64*** 0.63*** 0.99**** 0.86****
QF 0.99**** -0.07 0.73**** -0.37 -0.49* -0.36 -0.37 -0.41* 0.74**** 0.66*** 0.90**** 0.92**** 0.85****
QF_TtP 0.77**** -0.28 0.76**** -0.42* -0.45* -0.51** -0.55** -0.30 0.96**** 0.24 0.68*** 0.68*** 0.65*** 0.74****
SF 0.85**** -0.44* 0.85**** -0.37 -0.29 -0.35 -0.59** -0.35 0.80**** 0.35 0.75**** 0.74**** 0.72**** 0.78**** 0.74****
SF_TtP 0.76**** -0.37 0.72**** -0.54** -0.46* -0.56** -0.70**** -0.25 0.88**** 0.14 0.68*** 0.62*** 0.67*** 0.71**** 0.87**** 0.85****
old 0.85**** -0.08 0.52** -0.29 -0.24 -0.22 -0.42* -0.29 0.50* 0.66*** 0.84**** 0.80**** 0.83**** 0.83**** 0.48* 0.78**** 0.61**
old_TtP 0.67*** -0.21 0.63*** -0.40* -0.45* -0.55** -0.57** -0.33 0.95**** 0.22 0.62** 0.56** 0.62** 0.64*** 0.94**** 0.67*** 0.85**** 0.43*
new 0.98**** -0.16 0.82**** -0.39 -0.52** -0.40* -0.39 -0.43* 0.83**** 0.56** 0.86**** 0.90**** 0.80**** 0.98**** 0.82**** 0.81**** 0.76**** 0.73**** 0.71****
new_TtP 0.80**** -0.34 0.84**** -0.41* -0.47* -0.53** -0.54** -0.44* 0.99**** 0.27 0.68*** 0.71**** 0.63*** 0.76**** 0.96**** 0.80**** 0.88**** 0.51** 0.94**** 0.85****
QF_old 0.68*** 0.18 0.21 -0.20 -0.21 -0.12 -0.19 -0.20 0.21 0.72**** 0.72**** 0.68*** 0.71**** 0.71**** 0.22 0.43* 0.30 0.90**** 0.18 0.54** 0.22
QF_old_TtP 0.67*** -0.21 0.63*** -0.41* -0.45* -0.55** -0.57** -0.33 0.95**** 0.22 0.62** 0.56** 0.62** 0.64*** 0.94**** 0.67*** 0.85**** 0.43* 1.00**** 0.71**** 0.94**** 0.18
QF_new 0.98**** -0.13 0.81**** -0.38 -0.52** -0.39 -0.38 -0.43* 0.82**** 0.58** 0.86**** 0.90**** 0.81**** 0.98**** 0.81**** 0.80**** 0.75**** 0.74**** 0.71**** 1.00**** 0.83**** 0.56** 0.71****
QF_new_TtP 0.80**** -0.34 0.84**** -0.41* -0.47* -0.53** -0.54** -0.44* 0.99**** 0.27 0.68*** 0.71**** 0.63*** 0.76**** 0.96**** 0.80**** 0.88**** 0.51** 0.94**** 0.85**** 1.00**** 0.22 0.94**** 0.83****
SF_old 0.81**** -0.38 0.75**** -0.32 -0.20 -0.28 -0.59** -0.31 0.73**** 0.37 0.74**** 0.70**** 0.72**** 0.73**** 0.66*** 0.98**** 0.82**** 0.82**** 0.62*** 0.74**** 0.73**** 0.48* 0.62*** 0.73**** 0.73****
SF_old_TtP 0.67*** -0.29 0.57** -0.54** -0.46* -0.57** -0.70*** -0.14 0.78**** 0.06 0.61** 0.52** 0.63*** 0.62*** 0.78**** 0.75**** 0.97**** 0.56** 0.79**** 0.66*** 0.77**** 0.29 0.79**** 0.65*** 0.77**** 0.73****
SF_new 0.83**** -0.52** 0.95**** -0.45* -0.47* -0.48* -0.50* -0.40* 0.85**** 0.24 0.66*** 0.74**** 0.60** 0.78**** 0.82**** 0.88**** 0.82**** 0.54** 0.69*** 0.87**** 0.87**** 0.23 0.69*** 0.85**** 0.87**** 0.78**** 0.70***
SF_new_TtP 0.68*** -0.44* 0.66*** -0.59** -0.37 -0.47* -0.73**** -0.22 0.83**** 0.08 0.63*** 0.55** 0.64*** 0.61** 0.83**** 0.82**** 0.95**** 0.54** 0.83**** 0.68*** 0.82**** 0.23 0.83**** 0.66*** 0.82**** 0.78**** 0.93**** 0.77****

p < .0001 ****; p < .001 ***, p < .01 **, p < .05 *

Table S6 Summary statistics for High and Low intensity rainfall pulses during events

High
(N=47)		 Low
(N=81)
pulse_length (hours)
Mean (SD) 5.47 (3.81) 1.55 (1.81)
Median [Min, Max] 5.00 [0.500, 14.5] 0.500 [0.500, 8.50]
pulse_sums (mm)
Mean (SD) 15.9 (14.0) 1.36 (1.88)
Median [Min, Max] 15.0 [1.52, 64.5] 0.508 [0.254, 7.87]
pulse_max (mm/day)
Mean (SD) 179 (118) 23.8 (16.0)
Median [Min, Max] 122 [73.2, 512] 12.2 [12.2, 61.0]
meanTP (g/ha/day)
Mean (SD) 98.2 (129) 35.5 (41.8)
Median [Min, Max] 55.0 [0.537, 602] 21.9 [1.68, 245]
meanSRP (g/ha/day)
Mean (SD) 30.8 (50.7) 9.22 (12.9)
Median [Min, Max] 16.2 [0.169, 305] 5.77 [0.510, 81.8]
meanPP (g/ha/day)
Mean (SD) 67.6 (84.1) 26.2 (29.8)
Median [Min, Max] 30.9 [0.306, 349] 17.1 [0.587, 163]
maxFlow (mm/day)
Mean (SD) 24.5 (17.9) 9.13 (7.72)
Median [Min, Max] 25.1 [0.607, 58.9] 7.50 [1.38, 44.4]

Figure S6 Four component hydrograph separation (left) and P concentrations in event samples as a function of tile flow rate (right) for events included in the four-component hydrograph separation analysis at DCS (top) and DCN (bottom). F1 was omitted from this figure because only 1 event was in-cluded in the four-component hydrograph separation analysis. Note that the scale for DCN on 12/25/2020 is extended to show the high P concentrations