Correction: Acevedo et al. Therapeutic Neurostimulation in Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci. 2021, 11, 948

The authors wish to correct the following error in this paper [...].

Investigations of ALIC DBS encompassed two RCTs, one trial with a staggered switch on, one long-term follow-up report, and two case reports. Closed-label investigations led to 20% and 43% improvement [153,157]; and long-term (1-9 years) treatment led to 43-67% improvement [153,159,160]. The ALIC was also targeted in the cohort of Mantione et al., (2014) through shifts in targeting, and achieved 43% improvement at 1 year [220].
Investigations into VC/VS DBS involved one RCT, one open-label trial with a longterm follow-up report, and three case reports. The RCT originally implanted the ALIC [153], and implemented a posterior shift in target to the VC/VS. A larger cohort from the same site as Nuttin (2003) achieved 42% mean improvement from closed-label treatment, and at three-year follow up, 39% symptom improvement was maintained [156].
Investigations of amSTN DBS involved a multisite RCT that resulted in 25% median improvement, and 51% mean improvement was reached at four-year follow up [158].
The manuscript stated that the RoB assessment for OCD DBS articles rated 47 as low risk, 17 as medium risk and nine as high risk. The manuscript has been revised to include 46 as low risk, and 16 as medium risk. The quality assessment for OCD DBS articles rated 46 as moderate, the manuscript has been revised to include 44 as moderate. The manuscript reported that 18 (9.9%) OCD patients had their devices switched off, the proportion of patients has been revised to 11.7%. Lastly, it was reported that comorbidities in OCD DBS patients were not reported in 72 cases, this has been amended to include 44 cases.
A correction has been made to 3.8 DBS Discussion: The RoB assessment rated 46 articles as low risk, 16 as medium risk, and nine as high risk (S2). The quality assessment rated 19 articles as good, 44 as moderate and eight as poor (S3). Only 11 out of 71 articles were RCTs, and 35 were case reports, which meant a randomized control aspect and group level analysis was not present in almost half of the patients included here. Furthermore, only half (36) of the articles reported on more than one time-point, which limits interpretations regarding the duration and pattern of response. Within the bias assessment, there were multiple deviations from the intended protocol, including DBS explants or switch off, and closed-label conditions ending early. It was reported that 18 (11.7%) OCD patients and 12 (6.8%) TS patients had their devices switched off or explanted due to limited/no efficacy or even worsening in some instances; a further three (1.7%) TS patients underwent repositioning. Also, five RCTs had patients that ended the closed-label phase early. It is possible that not all cases of device switch off, explant, or repositioning were captured.
Adverse events included transient psychiatric symptoms, particularly hypomania, increased anxiety, deterioration of mood and suicidal thoughts, which were generally resolved with programming adjustments. There were seven suicide attempts, and one completed suicide [157]. Battery depletion was rarely reported on but seemed to occur between 5-22 months in OCD cohorts [153,154,170] and was reported to occur at 24-months for one TS patient [210].
It was stated that the extent of DBS programming for two RCTs was not clear, this has been corrected to one RCT.
A correction has been made to 3.8.8 Optimized Stimulation Parameters: Although implementing predefined stimulation parameters during closed-label phases is advantageous for blinding, it likely limits efficacy. Across targets, it was identified that a lack of programming was a major determinant of suboptimal therapy [157,161]. Trials that had an extensive optimization phase in the weeks prior to closed-label conditions all achieved high efficacy [153,156,165,168]. The extent of programming for one RCT was not clear [158].

Error in Figure/Table
The corrected Figure 1 appears below.
Brain Sci. 2022, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW 10 of 12 The corrected Figure 1. appears below.

Text Correction
There was an error in the original publication. It was stated that 73 articles were included, comprising 30 investigations for OCD DBS patients, the manuscript has been corrected to 71 articles comprising 28 investigations for OCD DBS patients. Therefore, 47 (not 45 at stated) articles were excluded; 11 (not 9 as stated) were excluded for reporting of the primary outcomes in another article, resulting in 9 (not 10 RCTs as stated), and a total 153 (not 181 as stated) OCD DBS cases. The graphical abstract has been updated accordingly, please see Figure 1.
A correction has been made to 3.7 DBS results: One hundred and eighteen articles were screened for eligibility: 71 were included in the final synthesis, comprising 28 investigations for OCD, 42 for TS, and 1 for BDD. Fortyseven articles were excluded due to a lack of standardized assessment of primary symptoms (n = 16), reporting of primary outcomes in another article (n = 11), lack of pre-to postoperative outcomes (n = 5), adjunct therapy having been implemented (n = 4), the primary diagnosis not being an OCRD or was unclear (n = 4), previous DBS for Parkinson's (n = 1), or presence of comorbid psychosis (n = 1). OCD investigations included 9 RCTs (six with an open-label extension), five open-label trials, two follow-up reports, one pilot study, seven case series, and four case reports. TS investigations included three RCTs with openlabel extension, five open-label trials, five follow-up reports, one pilot study, three retrospective reports, seven case series, and 17 case reports. BDD investigations included a single case study. The final sample included, 153 OCD patients, 175 TS patients, and one BDD patient.
As a result of the overlap of cohorts, a retrospective report was removed (reference Suetens et al., 2014), and the outcomes relating to the BNST DBS target.
A correction has been made to 3.7.1 DBS results for OCD: One RCT implanted two targets (four electrodes) per patient; DBS of the VC/VS, am- In the original publication, there was a mistake in Table 12 Table 12 to avoid duplication of data. All the reference number have been updated accordingly.
The corrected Table 12 appears below.