Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Elite and Amateur Basketball Players
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Sample Size Calculation
2.3. Participants
2.4. Ethical Considerations
2.5. Sociodemographic and Respiratory Distress Data
2.6. Ultrasound Imaging of the Abdominal Wall
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Data | Amateur (n = 16) | Elite (n = 16) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, y | 23.0 ± 7.0 † | 21.5 ± 8.75 † | 0.590 ‡ |
Weight, kg | 79.98 ± 8.97 * | 93.56 ± 15.24 * | 0.004 ** |
Height, m | 1.83 ± 0.07 * | 1.94 ± 0.10 * | 0.002 ** |
BMI, kg/m2 | 21.89 ± 2.03 * | 23.83 ± 2.88 * | 0.036 ** |
Nijmegen test * | 2.0 ± 2.76 † | 12.43 ± 3.24 * | <0.001 ‡ |
Measurement | Amateur (n = 16) * | Elite (n = 16) * | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Distance (cm) | |||
IRD | 1.03 ± 0.41 (0.58–1.96) * | 1.50 ± 1.01 (0.90–3.64) † | 0.001 ‡ |
Thickness (cm) | |||
Right RA | 1.44 ± 0.30 (0.93–2.02 * | 1.57 ± 0.33 (1.10–2.26) * | 0.260 ** |
Right EO | 1.44 ± 0.30 (0.93–2.02 * | 0.50 ± 0.13 (0.34–0.89) * | 0.026 ** |
Right IO | 1.10 ± 0.20 (0.82–1.57 * | 1.04 ± 0.27 (0.36–1.38) * | 0.484 ** |
Right TrAb | 0.38 ± 0.10 (0.26–0.65) † | 0.42 ± 0.19 (0.29–1.15) † | 0.149 ‡ |
Left RA | 1.41 ± 0.27 (1.02–1.84) * | 1.54 ± 0.36 (1.06–2.37) * | 0.247 ** |
Left EO | 0.70 ± 0.16 (0.48–0.94) * | 0.51 ± 0.14 (0.30–0.89) * | 0.002 ** |
Left IO | 1.13 ± 0.20 (0.87–1.47) * | 1.08 ± 0.22 (0.70–1.41) * | 0.487 ** |
Left TrAb | 0.40 ± 0.07 (0.29–0.54) * | 0.47 ± 0.09 (0.31–0.65) * | 0.034 ** |
Parameter | Model | R2 Change † | Model R2 |
---|---|---|---|
IRD (cm) | 0.841 +0.068 * Nijmegen test | 0.322 | 0.322 |
Right EO (cm) | 0.748 −0.019 * Nijmegen test | 0.196 | 0.196 |
Left TrAb (cm) | 0.773 +0.025 * BMI −0.005 * height +0.007 * Nijmegen test | 0.219 0.106 0.157 | 0.482 |
Left EO (cm) | −0.573 +0.258 * group +0.035 * BMI | 0.286 0.220 | 0.507 |
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Romero-Morales, C.; Almazán-Polo, J.; Rodríguez-Sanz, D.; Palomo-López, P.; López-López, D.; Vázquez-González, S.; Calvo-Lobo, C. Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Elite and Amateur Basketball Players. Appl. Sci. 2018, 8, 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8050809
Romero-Morales C, Almazán-Polo J, Rodríguez-Sanz D, Palomo-López P, López-López D, Vázquez-González S, Calvo-Lobo C. Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Elite and Amateur Basketball Players. Applied Sciences. 2018; 8(5):809. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8050809
Chicago/Turabian StyleRomero-Morales, Carlos, Jaime Almazán-Polo, David Rodríguez-Sanz, Patricia Palomo-López, Daniel López-López, Sergio Vázquez-González, and César Calvo-Lobo. 2018. "Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Elite and Amateur Basketball Players" Applied Sciences 8, no. 5: 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8050809
APA StyleRomero-Morales, C., Almazán-Polo, J., Rodríguez-Sanz, D., Palomo-López, P., López-López, D., Vázquez-González, S., & Calvo-Lobo, C. (2018). Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging Features of the Abdominal Wall Muscles in Elite and Amateur Basketball Players. Applied Sciences, 8(5), 809. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8050809