Discovery and Extraction of Cultural Traits in Intangible Cultural Heritages Based on Kansei Engineering: Taking Zhuang Brocade Weaving Techniques as an Example

: Taking China’s national intangible cultural heritage (ICH) Zhuang brocade as the research object, its cultural traits were extracted through scientiﬁc methods from the perspective of Kansei Engineering. Samples were collected through desk research, expert interviews, and questionnaires for qualitative and quantitative research. The semantic differential method was adopted to analyze the vocabulary descriptions of different types of Zhuang brocade samples, and the Likert scale was used to measure the viewer’s visual perception. Eye tracker experiments were conducted to verify and further explore the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade so that the emotions in this ICH can be quantiﬁed more scientiﬁcally. Based on the heat map and data, scientiﬁc and reasonable descriptions and typical shapes best matching Zhuang brocade cultural traits were acquired. By using new technologies to interpret ICHs, this study proposed another way to extract cultural traits from ICH. The extracted Zhuang brocade cultural traits in this study could help improve the understanding of Zhuang brocade. This study could also provide certain references for the modern application and design of Zhuang brocade. signiﬁcant correlation between the corresponding vocabularies. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test of descriptive vocabularies of Zhuang brocade was conducted. The KMO test statistic is an index mainly used in


Introduction
Intangible cultural heritages (ICHs) are the shared wealth of all mankind. According to the UNESCO definition in the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, ICH means the practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, and skills-as well as the instruments, objects, artifacts, and cultural spaces associated therewith-that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage [1]. This ICH, transmitted from generation to generation, is constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history, and provides them with a sense of identity and continuity, thus promoting respect for cultural diversity and human creativity [2]. Benignly combining the live transmission of ICH with modern life has always been the focus of the academic circle and the desired outcome this study intended to reach. Weaving and embroidery fall into the ICH category of traditional crafts and are rare treasures in Chinese history. To a certain extent, weaving and embroidery reflect the diligence and wisdom of the working people, historical changes, and the evolution and development of national cultural customs, which endow them with great research value. By the time of writing, China's ICH protection efforts have entered the stage of consolidating the rescue and protection achievements and improving the inheritance practice. It is necessary to uphold the concept of integrating ICHs with the craftsmen, the objects, and daily life and continuously promoting the continuation, development, and revitalization of ICH in contemporary life [3].

Design of the Research Process
Large number of Zhuang brocade pictures and documents were collected through on-site investigations, literature surveys, and desktop research. After removing materials of high similarity, the Zhuang brocade sample picture library was established.
The Zhuang brocades were visually categorized based on their appearance parameters, and the E-prime software was used to analyze and screen out the representative core samples.
Using expert interviews and the data from the first questionnaire survey, the vocabulary describing Zhuang brocade was extracted from the sample through statistical induction. The semantic differential method was adopted to analyze the vocabulary description of different Zhuang brocade patterns.
Based on user satisfaction and the demand transformation theory in interaction design, the core description vocabulary and adjective pairs were obtained through the second questionnaire, expert interviews, and desk research. Thus, the specific data of Zhuang brocade cultural trait description vocabulary were obtained from the viewers.
The relationship between Zhuang brocade description vocabulary and the samples was analyzed based on the third questionnaire survey data. Specifically, factor analysis and quadrant analysis in SPSS were adopted, of which factor analysis was adopted to extract the cultural traits, and quadrant analysis was adopted to classify the samples and the cultural traits.
Eye movement experiments were conducted to verify the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade obtained through questionnaire surveys and desk research. The colors and patterns of the Zhuang brocade samples were extracted based on heat maps to obtain the typical Zhuang brocade graphics most in line with their cultural traits. The specific research process is shown in Figure 1.

Collection of Research Samples
Through field inspections, image website browsing, museum collection browsing, and searching the photo library of China's ICH digital museum, a large number of valuable texts and pictures were obtained. The collection of sample pictures can be divided into three parts: on-site photography, museum photography, and Internet download. First of all, a large number of Zhuang brocade pictures were collected from Zhuang brocade-producing areas, including Jingxi County, Xincheng County, Binyang County, Longzhou County, and Daxin County using cameras. Thus, the Zhuang brocades currently sold and used in Guangxi were sampled through field research. Then, discussions on the digital measures for ICH protection were held with Ms. Tan Xiangguang, the ICH inheritor of Zhuang brocade weaving Techniques, in the Xiangguang Brocade Workshop in Binyang County, Guangxi. After that, the Anthropology Museum of Guangxi, the Museum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the National Museum of China, and the Palace Museum were visited to take pictures of the more exquisite collections of Zhuang brocades, which were used as important picture samples. Finally, more sample pictures of Zhuang brocade were collected from online platforms such as China's ICH digital museum [18], Guangxi intangible heritage protection website [19], and Baidu Pictures. The standard for picture collection is high definition, with a resolution of 300 or above. The main subjects of the photographs were the Zhuang brocades in sold, in use, and among museum collections. The collection was conducted as comprehensively and completely as possible. Thousands of Zhuang brocade pictures were collected. After excluding similar pictures, 400 samples of Zhuang brocade pictures were selected as the research objects, as shown in Figure 2.

Collection of Research Samples
Through field inspections, image website browsing, museum collection browsing, and searching the photo library of China's ICH digital museum, a large number of valuable texts and pictures were obtained. The collection of sample pictures can be divided into three parts: on-site photography, museum photography, and Internet download. First of all, a large number of Zhuang brocade pictures were collected from Zhuang brocade-producing areas, including Jingxi County, Xincheng County, Binyang County, Longzhou County, and Daxin County using cameras. Thus, the Zhuang brocades currently sold and used in Guangxi were sampled through field research. Then, discussions on the digital measures for ICH protection were held with Ms. Tan Xiangguang, the ICH inheritor of Zhuang brocade weaving Techniques, in the Xiangguang Brocade Workshop in Binyang County, Guangxi. After that, the Anthropology Museum of Guangxi, the Museum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the National Museum of China, and the Palace Museum were visited to take pictures of the more exquisite collections of Zhuang brocades, which were used as important picture samples. Finally, more sample pictures of Zhuang brocade were collected from online platforms such as China's ICH digital museum [18], Guangxi intangible heritage protection website [19], and Baidu Pictures. The standard for picture collection is high definition, with a resolution of 300 or above. The main subjects of the photographs were the Zhuang brocades in sold, in use, and among museum collections. The collection was conducted as comprehensively and completely as possible. Thousands of Zhuang brocade pictures were collected. After excluding similar pictures, 400 samples of Zhuang brocade pictures were selected as the research objects, as shown in Figure 2.
Among the many pieces of literature about Zhuang brocades, different authors classified Zhuang brocades from different angles. For example, color, origin, function, theme, pattern, graphic style, and expression. Therefore, on the basis of different pieces of literature, the visual appearance variables of Zhuang brocade were classified as shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the variables were classified according to color, place of origin, theme, and pattern. The classification was based on the representative literature related to Zhuang brocade. The main reference for Zhuang brocade classification was the Study on Emblazonry of Zhuang Brocade by Dr. Lu of Shandong University [20]. The different classifications of Zhuang brocade in Zhuang Brocade of the Our Guangxi series by Wu Weifeng and Cai Hong were also used for reference [21]. Functions and specific pattern types were not used as variables because they were relatively complex and varied. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 6 of 20 Among the many pieces of literature about Zhuang brocades, different authors classified Zhuang brocades from different angles. For example, color, origin, function, theme, pattern, graphic style, and expression. Therefore, on the basis of different pieces of literature, the visual appearance variables of Zhuang brocade were classified as shown in Table  1. In Table 1, the variables were classified according to color, place of origin, theme, and pattern. The classification was based on the representative literature related to Zhuang brocade. The main reference for Zhuang brocade classification was the Study on Emblazonry of Zhuang Brocade by Dr. Lu of Shandong University [20]. The different classifications of Zhuang brocade in Zhuang Brocade of the Our Guangxi series by Wu Weifeng and Cai Hong were also used for reference [21]. Functions and specific pattern types were not used as variables because they were relatively complex and varied. According to the classification in the above table, the 400 Zhuang brocade samples were coded to build the Zhuang brocade picture library. The first to the fourth digit of the code corresponds to V1, V2, V3, and V4, respectively. For example, the code of sample Z1 in the image library corresponds to colored brocade (2) under the color column (V1), Binyang County (3) under the origin column (V2), text theme (3) under the theme column (V3), and the four-direction continuous pattern (1) under the pattern column (V4). Therefore, the shape variable code of sample Z1 is 2331. In this way, the Zhuang brocades were first classified according to color, plain brocades were coded 1XXX, and colored brocades were coded 2XXX. Then, the brocades were classified according to the origin, the theme,  According to the classification in the above table, the 400 Zhuang brocade samples were coded to build the Zhuang brocade picture library. The first to the fourth digit of the code corresponds to V1, V2, V3, and V4, respectively. For example, the code of sample Z1 in the image library corresponds to colored brocade (2) under the color column (V1), Binyang County (3) under the origin column (V2), text theme (3) under the theme column (V3), and the four-direction continuous pattern (1) under the pattern column (V4). Therefore, the shape variable code of sample Z1 is 2331. In this way, the Zhuang brocades were first classified according to color, plain brocades were coded 1XXX, and colored brocades were coded 2XXX. Then, the brocades were classified according to the origin, the theme, and finally, the graphic style. Specifically, plain brocades are generally made by spinning a single-color yarn on a single-color cloth, and the background color is usually black or white. The two-direction continuous pattern means the shapes can continue in both left and right directions, which is usually found in lace. The four-direction continuous pattern means the shapes can continue in the up, down, left, and right directions, which is usually found in Zhuang brocades on clothes.

Selection of Research Samples
The 400 samples were coded according to the visual variables to establish a classified picture library, and the sample pictures were analyzed using the E-prime software. E-Prime is short for Experimenter's Prime (best). It is an experiment generation system for computerized behavior research jointly developed by Carnegie Mellon University, the Learning Research and Development Center at the University of Pittsburgh, and the Psychology Software Tools, Inc. in the United States [22]. In the analysis using the E-prime software, 20 experts and 150 ordinary adults (male to female ratio of 1:1) were selected for the experiment. The experimenter selected the sample pictures that best match the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade according to their first visual experience. The 10 samples were selected based on the criteria of comprehensive subject matter, representative patterns, and common applications. Considering the analysis in E-prime, the sample pictures with cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected. Finally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in Table 2. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected nally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in T 2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Tra
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientif pression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade tural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabu of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discus After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obta through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the L scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang cade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zh brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cul traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Fin based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabular scription was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocab synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitat classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into cabulary list, as shown in Table 3.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific e pression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cu tural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabulari of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 mo accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussio After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtain through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Like scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang br cade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuan brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultur traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, an color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Final based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary d scription was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabula synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitative classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a v cabulary list, as shown in Table 3. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected. Finally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in Table  2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific expression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cultural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabularies of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 more accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussion. After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Likert scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang brocade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuang brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, and color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Finally, based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary description was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabulary synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitatively classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a vocabulary list, as shown in Table 3. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected. Finally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in Table  2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific expression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cultural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabularies of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 more accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussion. After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Likert scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang brocade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuang brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, and color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Finally, based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary description was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabulary synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitatively classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a vocabulary list, as shown in Table 3. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected. Finally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in Table  2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific expression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cultural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabularies of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 more accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussion. After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Likert scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang brocade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuang brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, and color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Finally, based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary description was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabulary synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitatively classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a vocabulary list, as shown in Table 3. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selecte nally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in T 2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Tra
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientif pression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade tural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabu of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discus After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obta through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the L scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang cade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zh brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cu traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Fin based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabular scription was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocab synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitat classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into cabulary list, as shown in Table 3.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific e pression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cu tural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabulari of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 mo accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussio After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtain through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Like scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang br cade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhua brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultu traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, an color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Final based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary d scription was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabula synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitative classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a v cabulary list, as shown in Table 3. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected. Finally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in Table  2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific expression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cultural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabularies of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 more accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussion. After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Likert scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang brocade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuang brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, and color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Finally, based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary description was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabulary synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitatively classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a vocabulary list, as shown in Table 3. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected. Finally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in Table  2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific expression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cultural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabularies of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 more accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussion. After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Likert scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang brocade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuang brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, and color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Finally, based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary description was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabulary synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitatively classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a vocabulary list, as shown in Table 3. cumulative frequency over 20 times and response time below 0.700 s were selected. Finally, 10 pictures of the core representative samples were determined, as shown in Table  2.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific expression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cultural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabularies of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 more accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussion. After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Likert scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang brocade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuang brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, and color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Finally, based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary description was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabulary synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitatively classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a vocabulary list, as shown in Table 3.

The Collection and Selection of Descriptive Vocabulary of Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits
The extraction of Zhuang brocade cultural traits is indispensable to the scientific expression of its descriptive vocabulary. Scientifically describing the Zhuang brocade cultural traits is the prerequisite for their extraction. First, about 300 descriptive vocabularies of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained through desk research. Then, 50 more accurate words were obtained after classification and exclusion during group discussion. After that, 10 core vocabulary corresponding to the 10 core samples were obtained through a questionnaire survey. Finally, the semantic differential method and the Likert scale were adopted in the questionnaire. The sentiment quantification of the Zhuang brocade was measured through factor analysis of the test data.

Collection of Zhuang Brocade Descriptive Vocabulary
Using the desk research method, 20 craft artists, designers, and scholars of Zhuang brocade were invited to form the expert group. The expert group described the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade from the perspectives of overall style, themes, patterns, and color characteristics of the 400 samples in the library and the 10 core samples. Finally, based on the literature of design and linguistics, the word meaning and vocabulary description was analyzed through the semantic material collection, semantic vocabulary synonym induction, and semantic vocabulary refining. The purpose was to qualitatively classify the collected descriptive vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits.
Through group discussion, 50 vocabularies were selected and assembled into a vocabulary list, as shown in Table 3.  Table 3 and expert opinions, 10 Zhuang brocade description vocabulary pairs with opposite meanings were obtained through group discussion and summarization, which include simple and complex, ancient and gorgeous, plain and colorful, orderly and disorderly, bright and dull, abundant and single, delicate and crude, beautiful and vulgar, classic and modern, ordinary and special. Then, the semantic differential method proposed by American psychologist Osgood was used in the questionnaire. Proposed by the American psychologist Osgood in 1957, the semantic differential method conducts perceptual experiments using the semantics of words. The semantic differential method can measure the emotional content of a word more objectively, which makes it one of the basic methods of emotional quantification in kansei engineering [23]. The basis of the semantic differential method is a series of adjectives and their antonyms. According to the semantic differential method, pairs of Zhuang brocade description adjectives with opposite meanings were placed at the left and right ends of the attitude scales in the questionnaire. The attitude scales were divided into 5 levels of feelings to measure the subjects' attitudes towards the description words of the 10 core Zhuang brocade samples. The purpose was to get more accurate data on consumers' cognition, attitudes, and preferences of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits. Table 4 shows the semantic differential test scale of sample Z1. The 10 groups of words correspond to 10 core samples and 10 semantic differential test scales.  Table 3 and expert opinions, 10 Zhuang brocade description vocabulary pairs with opposite meanings were obtained through group discussion and summarization, which include simple and complex, ancient and gorgeous, plain and colorful, orderly and disorderly, bright and dull, abundant and single, delicate and crude, beautiful and vulgar, classic and modern, ordinary and special. Then, the semantic differential method proposed by American psychologist Osgood was used in the questionnaire. Proposed by the American psychologist Osgood in 1957, the semantic differential method conducts perceptual experiments using the semantics of words. The semantic differential method can measure the emotional content of a word more objectively, which makes it one of the basic methods of emotional quantification in kansei engineering [23]. The basis of the semantic differential method is a series of adjectives and their antonyms. According to the semantic differential method, pairs of Zhuang brocade description adjectives with opposite meanings were placed at the left and right ends of the attitude scales in the questionnaire. The attitude scales were divided into 5 levels of feelings to measure the subjects' attitudes towards the description words of the 10 core Zhuang brocade samples. The purpose was to get more accurate data on consumers' cognition, attitudes, and preferences of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits. Table 4 shows the semantic differential test scale of sample Z1. The 10 groups of words correspond to 10 core samples and 10 semantic differential test scales.  According to Tables 3-5, the Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits Research Questionnaire was made. The purpose of the questionnaire survey was to extract the core vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits. Respondents to the questionnaire were mainly Chinese individuals aged 20 to 50, with knowledge of Zhuang brocade and an undergraduate education or above. Among them, 50% were from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and the other 50% were from tourists visiting Guangxi, people interested in ICH, and people interested in Zhuang brocade or cultural and creative products derived from ICH. Through field visits and online questionnaires, a total of 437 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire has two parts, one of which is multiple-choice questions, as shown in Table 4. The other part is subjective questions, requiring the respondents to describe the cultural traits for each of the 10 core samples according to their subjective feelings and fill in the vocabulary. Through the questionnaire, consumers' awareness and preferences of Zhuang brocade cultural traits were understood. Finally, based on the word frequency data, 10 core vocabularies most representative of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained, which corresponded to the 10 core samples, as shown  According to Tables 3-5, the Zhuang Brocade Cultural Traits Research Questionnaire was made. The purpose of the questionnaire survey was to extract the core vocabulary of Zhuang brocade cultural traits. Respondents to the questionnaire were mainly Chinese individuals aged 20 to 50, with knowledge of Zhuang brocade and an undergraduate education or above. Among them, 50% were from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and the other 50% were from tourists visiting Guangxi, people interested in ICH, and people interested in Zhuang brocade or cultural and creative products derived from ICH. Through field visits and online questionnaires, a total of 437 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire has two parts, one of which is multiple-choice questions, as shown in Table 4. The other part is subjective questions, requiring the respondents to describe the cultural traits for each of the 10 core samples according to their subjective feelings and fill in the vocabulary. Through the questionnaire, consumers' awareness and preferences of Zhuang brocade cultural traits were understood. Finally, based on the word frequency data, 10 core vocabularies most representative of the Zhuang brocade cultural traits were obtained, which corresponded to the 10 core samples, as shown in Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate description of the cultural traits of the sample.  in Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.

The Relationship between Descriptive Vocabularies of Zhuang Brocade and Core Samples
The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.

The Relationship between Descriptive Vocabularies of Zhuang Brocade and Core Samples
The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.

The Relationship between Descriptive Vocabularies of Zhuang Brocade and Core Samples
The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.

The Relationship between Descriptive Vocabularies of Zhuang Brocade and Core Samples
The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.

The Relationship between Descriptive Vocabularies of Zhuang Brocade and Core Samples
The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.  The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.  The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.  The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.  The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Table 6. The selection criterion was the most frequent and most appropriate descriptio of the cultural traits of the sample.  The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire surve was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psycho logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with th cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly in consistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3. The 10 pairs of words correspond to 10 core samples. The third questionnaire survey was conducted with the 5-point Likert scale to obtain customers' cognition and psychological expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quantify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with the cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored. The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly inconsistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3. logical expectations of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade more accurately and to quan-tify cultural emotions more scientifically. The consistency of the 10 core samples with the cultural trait descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade was scored. The five points are: very consistent (2), consistent (1), generally consistent (0), slightly inconsistent (−1), totally inconsistent (−2), as shown in Figure 3.  Statistics: The questionnaire survey included 20 expert users (craft artists, designers, and ICH inheritors) and over 400 general users. A total of 376 valid questionnaires were obtained, and SPSS was used for reliability analysis. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.931, proving the good reliability of the questionnaire. Each core sample had 402 response scores (376 questionnaires × 10 pairs of descriptive vocabularies). The results were averaged as the score of the sample in terms of consistency with the descriptive vocabulary. For example, the score of Sample Z1 under "Simple and Complex" is 1.35, indicating that the visual perception of Sample Z1 is "Complex", and this perception is strong. Sample Z1 tends to have the cultural trait of "Complex". A negative number means that the trait is not prominent. The description vocabularies correspond to the three largest scores were adopted to represent the cultural traits of the sample. The scores of each sample in terms of consistency with the descriptive vocabularies are shown in Table 7. Ten pairs of descriptive vocabularies reflect different visual perceptions of the samples. In terms of the correlation, if the absolute value of the correlation coefficient between the descriptive vocabularies is greater than 0.5, there is a significant correlation between the corresponding vocabularies. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test of descriptive vocabularies of Zhuang brocade was conducted. The KMO test statistic is an index mainly used in factor analysis of multivariate statistics to compare the simple correlation coefficient and partial correlation coefficient between variables. The KMO statistic takes the value between 0 and 1. When the sum of squared simple correlation coefficients among all variables is larger than the sum of squared partial correlation coefficients, the KMO value is closer to 1, indicating that the correlation between variables is stronger and the original variables are more suitable for factor analysis. When the sum of squared simple correlation coefficients among all variables is closer to 0, the KMO value is closer to 0, indicating that the correlation between variables is weaker and the original variables are less suitable for factor analysis [24]. The KMO coefficient we obtained was 0.793, greater than 0.5. The Bartlett test chi-square value was 270.741. The degree of freedom was 81, and the p-value was 0.000. It is indicated that the survey results are suitable for factor analysis. The cumulative contribution of each factor is shown in Table 8. It can be seen from Table 7 that there are two principal factors with a characteristic value greater than 1, and the cumulative contribution rate is 80.599%. The loss of factor interpretation is small. They can cover the most descriptive vocabularies of Zhuang brocade. In order to understand the composition of each principal factor, the maximum variance method was used to orthogonally rotate the factor loading matrix, and the factor loading matrix after rotation is shown in Table 9. The load of a factor reflects the relationship between the variable and the factor. A large absolute value of the load corresponds to a large absolute value of the relationship between the variable and the factor and a significant correlation between the variable and the factor.

Quadrant Analysis of Descriptive Vocabularies of Zhuang Brocade
Quadrant analysis is a method to summarize the common causes of things with the same characteristics by attribution analysis [25]. According to the cultural characteristic descriptive phrases corresponding to the two components in Table 9, Factor 1 and Factor 2 can be summarized as: "Colorful" and "Plain". Then the quadrant analysis was applied. The score coefficients of each factor were obtained with regression analysis, and the linear relationship between cultural traits and descriptive vocabularies was obtained. The "plain and ancient" was regarded as the X-axis, and "simple and colorful" was the Y-axis. Through factor analysis in SPSS, the quadrant distribution of the cultural traits of the samples was determined with regression analysis. The cultural traits of Zhuang Brocade were divided into four quadrants, including "Colorful", "Concise", "Ancient", and "Plain", as shown in Figure 4. Cultural traits presented by the Zhuang brocade can be divided into different quadrants. The quadrant name, sample attributes, and the scores of Zhuang brocade cultural trait descriptive vocabularies are shown in Table 10.

Experiment Purpose
The eye tracker experiment aims to verify the accuracy of the de ies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade obtained through the de questionnaire survey in the previous stage based on the four quadran is invisible and difficult to express, is very difficult to measure and perception of Zhuang brocade carries its cultural traits. [26] Therefore  The eye tracker experiment aims to verify the accuracy of the descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade obtained through the desktop research and questionnaire survey in the previous stage based on the four quadrants. Emotion, which is invisible and difficult to express, is very difficult to measure and describe the visual perception of Zhuang brocade carries its cultural traits [26]. Therefore, the eye movement experiment can present the subjects' rational choices when viewing Zhuang brocade more intuitively. The eye movement tracking experiment was carried out in a behavioral analysis laboratory. The eye-movement experiment ensures maximum rationality since it taps into the cultural traits based on the most direct reactions of the subjects by means of technology and engineering. The experiment focuses on the area of interest (AOI) of the sample and the relationship between the registration time and the number of choices of samples [27]. The subjects of this experiment have almost no personal emotion for Zhuang brocade, and therefore cultural traits can be obtained in a more scientific and rational way.

Recruitment of Subjects
Since the conditions of subjects (age, education, occupation, income) could be variables affecting the experiment, 10 experts with research backgrounds related to Zhuang brocade were invited, including craft artists, designers, and ICH inheritors. The remaining 20 subjects were students of different professional backgrounds in colleges and universities. The subjects were composed of 15 females and 15 males. They were aged between 18 and 30 (ICH) information is attractive for young and middle-aged people), with naked or corrected visual acuity of 1.0 or higher and without color blindness. Regarding the electronic image reading behavior, all subjects have the experience of reading electronic images with mobile phones or tablet computers. No subjects saw the 10 core samples before the experiment [28].

The Process of the Experiment
The experiments were conducted in the behavioral analysis laboratory with Mobile Eye-XG Eye Tracking Glasses, a portable eye-tracking device developed by the Applied Science Laboratory (ASL) in the United States. In order to avoid the effects of some variables on the experimental data, various control parameters were set in the experiment, as shown in Table 11. In order to study the influence of color variables in Zhuang brocade on subjects' perception and judgment, a brilliance group was set corresponding to the color group. The brilliance group and the color group were shown to the subjects alternately, and the fixation time of each picture was 10 s.
Four tests of the four quadrants mentioned above were conducted. The samples for Test 1 are Z4, Z5, and Z9, all of which have the characteristic of "Colorful"; the samples of Test 2 include Z10, Z1, and Z4, and they all have the characteristic of "Concise"; the samples for Test 3 are Z3, Z6, and Z8, all of which have the characteristic of "Ancient"; the samples of Test 4 are Z7 and Z2, both of which have the characteristic of "Plain". In order to quantitatively evaluate the subjects' attention to the samples, each sample needs to be divided to get an independent AOI. After completing the test in one quadrant, the subjects rested for 10 min. The eye movement indicators include the recorded fixation time, fixation point, and the number of fixation. Fixation time indicates the sum of the subjects' overall interest in the sample, and it can reflect the subjects' attention to the sample. During the experiment, the project team verbally explained the experimental task to the subjects, briefly introduced the patterns, colors, pattern combinations, and theme of the Zhuang brocade. During the test, sample pictures were shown to the subjects who wore eye trackers by the screen. The receivers on the four corners of the screen were used as reference coordinates. The eye trackers were aligned with the coordinates by the 9-point calibration.

Data Analysis of Eye Movement Experiment
The measurement indexes of the eye tracker in this experiment are the fixation time, the number of fixation points, and the lingering time. The fixation time is the average duration at all points, and it represents the degree of attraction of the concerned object. The longer the average fixation time, the higher the degree of concentration. In this experiment, based on the heat map and fixation time in AOI, the sample areas in different quadrants during the observation and selection of subjects were analyzed. Every subject had an AOI heat map in each quadrant. The heat maps of the 30 subjects in the same quadrant were stacked, and the heat map of this quadrant was obtained. It can show the visual attention of the subjects more intuitively. The heat map reflects the subject's fixation range and fixation time on the sample. The higher the color saturation, the higher the degree of attention. The larger the area, the wider the scope of attention. Figure 5a shows the heat map and fixation time of Quadrant 1 "Colorful". It can be seen from the heat map that the subject's sight is relatively concentrated, and AOI is relatively large. As the pattern changes, the theme of the pattern becomes the visual focus. The PASS software was used for sample verification on the fixation time and number of choices. The results showed that significance = 0.0047, p < 0.05, and correlation = 0.992, indicating that fixation time has a positive relationship with the characteristic "Colorful", and Zhuang brocade has the cultural trait of "Colorful". Combining the first fixation time and fixation duration, we found that the three samples in Quadrant 1 have the longest first fixation time and overall fixation duration compared with samples in other quadrants. It is indicated that the cultural trait of "Colorful" is very prominent, and the samples in this quadrant are the most attractive to viewers.

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14 of 19 Figure 5a shows the heat map and fixation time of Quadrant 1 "Colorful". It can be seen from the heat map that the subject's sight is relatively concentrated, and AOI is relatively large. As the pattern changes, the theme of the pattern becomes the visual focus. The PASS software was used for sample verification on the fixation time and number of choices. The results showed that significance = 0.0047, p < 0.05, and correlation = 0.992, indicating that fixation time has a positive relationship with the characteristic "Colorful", and Zhuang brocade has the cultural trait of "Colorful". Combining the first fixation time and fixation duration, we found that the three samples in Quadrant 1 have the longest first fixation time and overall fixation duration compared with samples in other quadrants. It is indicated that the cultural trait of "Colorful" is very prominent, and the samples in this quadrant are the most attractive to viewers.    and Sample Z5. The fixation time and the number of selections were verified with the PASS software. The results showed that the significance = 0.0037, p < 0.05, and correlation = 0.987, suggesting that the fixation time and the characteristic of "Concise" present a positive relationship, and Zhuang brocade have the cultural trait of "Concise". The feelings of subjects vary significantly. Combining the first fixation time and fixation duration, we found that the difference between the two samples in this quadrant was not significant, indicating that there was the cultural trait of "Concise". The overall attention degree of this quadrant was not high. Figure 6a shows the heat map and fixation time of Quadrant 3 "Ancient". It can be seen that the sight of the subjects was relatively scattered, and the AOI was large but scattered. The fixation time and the number of choices were verified with the PASS software. The results showed that significance = 0.0039, p < 0.05, and correlation = 0.837, indicating that there is a positive relationship between fixation time and characteristic of "Ancient" and Zhuang brocade has the cultural trait of "Ancient". Combining the first fixation time and fixation duration, we found that the data of the three samples in this quadrant were quite different. Sample Z8 has the highest while Z3 has the lowest degree of attention. However, the overall degree of attention is good. It is indicated that there is a cultural trait of "Ancient", but the attraction of samples in Quadrant 3 to different viewers varies.

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However, the overall degree of attention is good. It is indicated that there is a cultural trait of "Ancient", but the attraction of samples in Quadrant 3 to different viewers varies.
(a) (b) Figure 6. This is the heat map and fixation time data for quadrant 3 and 4. They should be listed as: (a) Heat zone map and gaze time data for quadrant 3 "Ancient". (b) Heat zone map and gaze time data for quadrant 4 "Plain". Figure 6b shows the heat map and fixation time of Quadrant 4 "Plain". It can be seen that the subjects' sight is relatively balanced, and they did not show interest in a certain area of a certain sample. The PASS software was used to perform sample verification on the fixation time and number of choices. The results showed that significance = 0.0041, p < 0.05, and correlation = 0.872, indicating that the fixation time has a positive relationship with the cultural trait of "Delicate", and Zhuang brocade has this cultural trait. Based on first fixation time and fixation duration, we found that the sample data are not significantly different. The feelings of different viewers do not vary significantly. The first fixation time and fixation duration of samples in Quadrant 4 are higher than those in other quadrants, indicating that the viewers' attention degree is higher.  Figure 6b shows the heat map and fixation time of Quadrant 4 "Plain". It can be seen that the subjects' sight is relatively balanced, and they did not show interest in a certain area of a certain sample. The PASS software was used to perform sample verification on the fixation time and number of choices. The results showed that significance = 0.0041, p < 0.05, and correlation = 0.872, indicating that the fixation time has a positive relationship with the cultural trait of "Delicate", and Zhuang brocade has this cultural trait. Based on first fixation time and fixation duration, we found that the sample data are not significantly different. The feelings of different viewers do not vary significantly. The first fixation time and fixation duration of samples in Quadrant 4 are higher than those in other quadrants, indicating that the viewers' attention degree is higher.

Analysis of Cultural Traits of Zhuang Brocade and Conclusion
By analyzing the heat map of the eye tracker experiment and the overall fixation data, the accuracy of the descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade can be verified according to the performance of the subjects when viewing samples in different quadrants. It was found that the patterns of Sample Z4 and Sample Z9 in Quadrant 1 attracted the most attention of subjects, indicating that they collectively reflect the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade to a certain extent.
Samples Z2, Z4, Z7, and Z10 are all white brocades but belong to different quadrants. The patterns of the Samples Z2, Z4, and Z7 are all checkered geometric figures. However, Z10 is a single-color plain brocade, so it more conforms to the cultural trait of "Concise". The patterns of Z2, Z4, and Z10 include moiré, octagonal shape, water ripple, that the subjects' sight is relatively balanced, and they did not show interest in a certain area of a certain sample. The PASS software was used to perform sample verification on the fixation time and number of choices. The results showed that significance = 0.0041, p < 0.05, and correlation = 0.872, indicating that the fixation time has a positive relationship with the cultural trait of "Delicate", and Zhuang brocade has this cultural trait. Based on first fixation time and fixation duration, we found that the sample data are not significantly different. The feelings of different viewers do not vary significantly. The first fixation time and fixation duration of samples in Quadrant 4 are higher than those in other quadrants, indicating that the viewers' attention degree is higher.

Analysis of Cultural Traits of Zhuang Brocade and Conclusion
By analyzing the heat map of the eye tracker experiment and the overall fixation data, the accuracy of the descriptive vocabularies of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade can be verified according to the performance of the subjects when viewing samples in different quadrants. It was found that the patterns of Sample Z4 and Sample Z9 in Quadrant 1 attracted the most attention of subjects, indicating that they collectively reflect the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade to a certain extent.
Samples Z2, Z4, Z7, and Z10 are all white brocades but belong to different quadrants. The patterns of the Samples Z2, Z4, and Z7 are all checkered geometric figures. However, Z10 is a single-color plain brocade, so it more conforms to the cultural trait of "Concise". The patterns of Z2, Z4, and Z10 include moiré, octagonal shape, water ripple, 卐 and concentric circle. These patterns are combined with one another in these samples. The composition of geometric patterns is in single, two sides continual, and four sides continual forms. Since the geometric patterns are clear, bright, orderly, and neat, in the experiment, the difference between Z2, Z4, and Z7 lies in color. The patterns of Z10 are complex and concentric circle. These patterns are combined with one another in these samples. The composition of geometric patterns is in single, two sides continual, and four sides continual forms. Since the geometric patterns are clear, bright, orderly, and neat, in the experiment, the difference between Z2, Z4, and Z7 lies in color. The patterns of Z10 are complex because they are animal motifs. But its overall color is plain, so it has a high degree of attention in Quadrant 4, where the characteristic of "Plain" is prominent.
The samples in Quadrant 3 are all "Gorgeous and Profound" brocades. They use bold colors, with red, yellow, blue, and green as the basic colors and other colors as complementary colors. Most of these samples use red and orange as the background and are embellished with contrasting colors such as blue and green. They also use blue and green as the background, embellished with red and orange. Their overall decorative effect is strong. Therefore, in Test 3, subjects focused on the patterns of samples, especially Sample Z8. Its heat map shows the largest response area and the most intense hot spots, indicating that Sample Z8 received the most attention, and it is more in line with the subjects' understanding of Zhuang brocade.
From the performance of Sample Z10 and Sample Z1 in the eye tracker experiment, it can be seen that in Quadrant 2, the focus is Zhuang brocade with geometric patterns as the main visual effect. The geometric pattern of this kind of Zhuang brocade is characterized by the staggering of large and small graphs, the interspersion of squares and circles, and the rigorous and regular layout. The colors of this type of brocade are mainly white embellished with blue, green, or black matched with yellow and orange. The uncomplicated color matching and the geometric shapes with a strong sense of order make the cultural trait of "Concise" particularly prominent in this series of Zhuang brocades. According to the experimental data, the cultural traits of "Plain" and "Concise" are presented in a different way, and this difference is related to the theme of Zhuang brocade. The cultural characteristic of "Plain" is mainly reflected in the samples of plant and animal themes. There are more curves in the patterns of Zhuang brocade with a plant theme. The curves in the patterns of Zhuang brocade with a flower theme make the cultural trait of "Plain" even more prominent. Most Zhuang brocades with the cultural characteristic of "Concise" have abstract geometry motifs or text motifs, and the most representative one is plain brocade.
From the performance of Sample Z4, Sample Z5, and Sample Z9 in the eye tracker experiment, it can be seen that the cultural characteristic of "Colorful" is prominent in Zhuang brocade with abundant color. This trait is mainly shown in colorful brocades. This type of Zhuang brocade is characterized by bold colors and complicated patterns. In complex patterns, there are seven to ten colors. Red, yellow, blue, and green are usually used as the basic colors, and other colors are complementary colors. The overall color contrast is strong, and the levels are rich.
From the data of Sample Z3, Sample Z6, and Sample Z8 in the eye tracker experiment, it can be seen that the Zhuang brocade cultural trait of "Ancient" is also prominent. This trait is represented in plain brocade. Plain brocade is often found in the headscarves of Zhuang women. Zhuang women's headscarves are mainly woven with black and white cotton threads, with white cotton threads on the bottom and flowers woven with black cotton threads. The patterns are mainly flowers, with chrysanthemums being the most common. The cultural characteristic of "Ancient and Plain" is very prominent in plain brocade.
Through eye tracker experiments and comprehensive data, we can identify Z7, Z8, Z4, and Z10 as samples with the most typical Zhuang brocade cultural traits. The vocabularies, including "simple/unique/concise/beautiful/gorgeous/orderly" can accurately describe the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade. The results are shown in Figure 7.

Conclusions and Prospects
This paper investigates the way to extract the c visual perception and emotional quantification of Z cavated the cultural traits of ICH by perceptual eng tional quantification. [29] Zhuang brocade is a high

Conclusions and Prospects
This paper investigates the way to extract the cultural traits of ICH and explores the visual perception and emotional quantification of Zhuang brocade. We extracted and excavated the cultural traits of ICH by perceptual engineering, which is effective for emotional quantification [29]. Zhuang brocade is a highly visualized ICH. There is a strong connection between the viewer's visual perception and the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade. In this study, based on a large number of sample images of Zhuang brocade, a picture sample database was established after screening these images according to appearance variables. Desktop research, expert interview, and questionnaire survey were conducted to obtain data on the relationship between descriptive vocabularies of cultural traits of Zhuang brocade and the samples. The extraction of descriptive vocabularies helps to describe and determine the cultural traits of the Zhuang brocade. The cultural traits of Zhuang brocade were classified into four quadrants: "Colorful", "Concise", "Ancient", and "Plain". The eye movement experiment was combined to extract visual responses of cultural traits in the core samples. Through the analysis of the patterns of key areas, the representative pattern characteristics and color characteristics of the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade were obtained.
The theoretical contribution of this paper is as follows: First, the study of perceptual engineering is extended to the digital level of ICH. Second, a new research method is proposed for the emotional quantification of visual perception of Zhuang brocade. Third, a novel ICH data collection method is used. The visual response of the Zhuang brocade is obtained with the eye tracker. Fourth, the extraction of cultural traits of Zhuang brocade provides a theoretical basis for the modern application of Zhuang brocade and the development of derivative products of Zhuang brocade [30].
The practical value is, firstly, the methods applied in the above studies have a reference value for the extraction of the cultural traits of other ICH projects. The extracted cultural traits promote the inheritance of ICH and contribute to the understanding of ICH. Secondly, emotional quantification in perceptual engineering is applied to the emotional quantification of ICH with eye movement experiments. Eye-tracking technology has been widely used in many fields, such as the human visual system, psychology, cognitive language, and product semantics, to record users' eye movements during information interaction [31]. Through data analysis, this paper studies the law of visual perception of the subjects to understand the cultural traits of Zhuang brocade, which helps to understand Zhuang brocade more rationally. The subsequent research will apply the extracted cultural traits of Zhuang brocade to the design of ICH products. In the working environment of living inheritance of ICH, through market-oriented commercial mechanisms, ICH cultural products, which conform to contemporary taste and combine skills and cultural connotations, can be developed [32]. The economic and social benefits can, in turn, promote the expression of the cultural value of ICH in a new form on the basis of ICH preservation and inheritance and the protection and sustainable development of ICH. In the early stage of design, qualitative research and quantitative analysis of cultural traits of ICH will be conducted with perceptual engineering, which will help to correlate with the product qualities at a later stage of design [33]. In this way, modern cultural and creative products of ICH that meet consumer expectations and achieve high satisfaction can be designed. Additionally, the living inheritance of ICH and the benign combination of ICH with modern life can be achieved.  Data Availability Statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. The raw data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.