Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Mangogna, Alessandro; Cox, Maria Christina; Ruco, Luigi; Lopez, Gianluca; Belmonte, Beatrice; Di Napoli, Arianna

doi:10.3390/diagnostics10060341

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Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

^2,3,

⁴,

⁴,

⁵

and

Arianna Di Napoli

^4,*

Pathology Unit, Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Cattinara Hospital, 34149 Trieste, Italy

Haematology Unit, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy

Haematology Department, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, UK

⁴

Pathology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy

⁵

Tumor Immunology Unit, Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Diagnostics 2020, 10(6), 341; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060341

Received: 14 April 2020 / Revised: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 20 May 2020 / Published: 26 May 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Diagnosis and Treatment of Lymphomas)

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Abstract

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) is the most common entity of mature T-cell neoplasms. PTCL-NOS generally has an aggressive behavior and is often refractory to standard therapy. Only a few cases of PTCL with aberrant expression of B-cell antigens have been reported so far. This phenotypic aberrancy may lead to misdiagnosis as B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas and eventual inappropriate patient management, whereas in an accurately diagnosed PTCL, the presence of CD20 may appear as an appealing therapeutic target. In this setting, response to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody in combination with chemotherapy has been poorly explored. We describe the case of a 59-year-old male diagnosed by a pathological and molecular approach as PTCL-NOS with aberrant co-expression of the B-cell antigens CD20 and CD79a, which proved non-responsive to the addition of rituximab to standard polychemotherapy. This case highlights that the presence of CD20 in PTCL may be misleading in the diagnosis and also act as a lure for the clinician to adopt a rituximab-based treatment, the effectiveness of which is undefined as the molecular mechanisms underlying B-cell marker expression in PTCL. View Full-Text

Keywords: peripheral T-cell lymphoma; B-cell antigens; CD20; CD79a; rituximab

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mangogna, A.; Cox, M.C.; Ruco, L.; Lopez, G.; Belmonte, B.; Di Napoli, A. Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Diagnostics 2020, 10, 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060341

AMA Style

Mangogna A, Cox MC, Ruco L, Lopez G, Belmonte B, Di Napoli A. Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Diagnostics. 2020; 10(6):341. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060341

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mangogna, Alessandro, Maria C. Cox, Luigi Ruco, Gianluca Lopez, Beatrice Belmonte, and Arianna Di Napoli. 2020. "Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature" Diagnostics 10, no. 6: 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10060341

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Rituximab Plus Chemotherapy Provides No Clinical Benefit in a Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma not Otherwise Specified with Aberrant Expression of CD20 and CD79a: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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