Assessing the Effectiveness of Nourishment in Decadal Barrier Island Morphological Resilience
1
St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA
2
School of Environmental, Civil, Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
3
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
4
The Water Institute of the Gulf, Baton Rouge, LA 70802, USA
5
U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS 39180, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Nicoletta Leonardi and Elias Dimitriou
Water 2021, 13(7), 944; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070944
Received: 27 January 2021 / Revised: 24 March 2021 / Accepted: 28 March 2021 / Published: 30 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Study of Coastal Resilience, Hydrodynamic Modelling and Coastal Monitoring)
Nourishment has shown to be an effective method for short-term storm protection along barrier islands and sandy beaches by reducing flooding, wave attack and erosion. However, the ability of nourishment to mitigate the effects of storms and sea level rise (SLR) and improve coastal resilience over decadal time scales is not well understood. This study uses integrated models of storm-driven hydrodynamics, morphodynamics and post-storm dune recovery to assess the effectiveness of beach and dune nourishment on barrier island morphological resilience over a 30-year period, accounting for storms and a moderate amount of SLR. Results show that at the end of the 30 years, nourishment contributes to maintaining island volumes by increasing barrier height and width compared with a no-action scenario (i.e., no nourishment, only natural recovery). During storms where the collision regime was dominant, higher volumes of sand were lost from the wider beach in the nourishment scenario than in the no-action scenario. During stronger storms, nourishment reduced dune overtopping compared with the no-action scenario, allowing the island to maintain height and width. Additionally, nourishment was particularly effective in reducing breaching during back-to-back storms occurring in the same year.
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Keywords:
barrier islands; sea level rise; nourishment; storms
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Passeri, D.L.; Bilskie, M.V.; Hagen, S.C.; Mickey, R.C.; Dalyander, P.S.; Gonzalez, V.M. Assessing the Effectiveness of Nourishment in Decadal Barrier Island Morphological Resilience. Water 2021, 13, 944. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070944
AMA Style
Passeri DL, Bilskie MV, Hagen SC, Mickey RC, Dalyander PS, Gonzalez VM. Assessing the Effectiveness of Nourishment in Decadal Barrier Island Morphological Resilience. Water. 2021; 13(7):944. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070944
Chicago/Turabian StylePasseri, Davina L.; Bilskie, Matthew V.; Hagen, Scott C.; Mickey, Rangley C.; Dalyander, P. S.; Gonzalez, Victor M. 2021. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Nourishment in Decadal Barrier Island Morphological Resilience" Water 13, no. 7: 944. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13070944
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