Decentralized Domestic Sewage Treatment Using an Integrated Multi-Soil-Layering and Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System
1
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2
Yunnan Dali Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dali 671000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Jose Amador
Water 2021, 13(4), 431; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13040431
Received: 24 December 2020 / Revised: 26 January 2021 / Accepted: 2 February 2021 / Published: 7 February 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Ecology of Wastewater Treatment)
In this study, an integrated multi-soil-layering and subsurface wastewater infiltration (MSL-SWI) system was developed for decentralized domestic sewage treatment under high hydraulic loading rates (HLRs). To improve sustainable nitrogen removal, the influence of intermittent operation and shunt distributing wastewater on the performance of MSL-SWI systems was investigated. The optimal performance—with removal efficiencies of 93.41% for chemical oxygen demand, 97.91% for total phosphorus, 74.02% for ammonia nitrogen, and 73.56% for total nitrogen—was achieved using both intermittent operation and shunt distributing wastewater under an HLR of 0.3 m3 m−2 d−1. The activity of microbial nitrogen functional genes (i.e., amoA, nirK, nirS, nosZ, and anammox 16S rRNA) and their relationships with nitrogen transformation rates were further analyzed in different layers of the system. The results imply that nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation in the MSL section coupled with nitrification and denitrification in the SWI section contribute to main the mechanisms of sustainable nitrogen removal. In summary, MSL-SWI systems not only operate with high efficiency under high HLRs, but the contaminant removal is also stable and sustainable, which are promising properties for domestic sewage treatment in areas where land resources are limited.
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Keywords:
multi-soil-layering system; subsurface wastewater infiltration system; nitrogen functional genes; domestic sewage treatment
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MDPI and ACS Style
Li, D.; Wang, X.; Chi, L.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, Y.; Li, X. Decentralized Domestic Sewage Treatment Using an Integrated Multi-Soil-Layering and Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System. Water 2021, 13, 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13040431
AMA Style
Li D, Wang X, Chi L, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Li X. Decentralized Domestic Sewage Treatment Using an Integrated Multi-Soil-Layering and Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System. Water. 2021; 13(4):431. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13040431
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Dan; Wang, Xinze; Chi, Lina; Zhang, Zhiping; Liu, Yanping; Li, Xueying. 2021. "Decentralized Domestic Sewage Treatment Using an Integrated Multi-Soil-Layering and Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration System" Water 13, no. 4: 431. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13040431
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