A Highly Packed Biofilm Reactor with Cycle Cleaning for the Efficient Treatment of Rural Wastewater
School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, China
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Academic Editor: Stefano Papirio
Water 2021, 13(3), 369; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13030369
Received: 6 January 2021
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Revised: 26 January 2021
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Accepted: 28 January 2021
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Published: 31 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Wastewater Treatment and Reuse)
Biological treatment processes perform satisfactory in wastewater treatment, but the relatively high cost and complicated maintenance limit its application in rural areas. In this study, a highly packed biofilm reactor (HPBR), with a 90% packing ratio of carriers in the bioreactor, was designed for rural wastewater treatment. The results showed that the removal rates for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia were 3.04 ± 1.81 kg/m3/d and 0.49 ± 0.18 kg/m3/d, respectively. Besides, the removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) was 35.4% by the HPBR. The removal capacity of the HPBR is higher than other reported systems with fewer operational costs and maintenance. High-throughput sequencing was applied to further investigate the kinetics and principals. Microorganisms capable of simultaneous nitrification-denitrification were found to be dominant species in the HPBR system, which indicated that the nitrogen removal in HPBR is governed by simultaneous nitrification-denitrification. These findings suggest that HPBR can be used as an efficient reactor for rural wastewater treatment, demonstrating its feasibility in real applications.
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Keywords:
highly packed biofilm reactor; cycle cleaning process; rural wastewater treatment; high nutrient removal loading; simultaneous nitrification-denitrification
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MDPI and ACS Style
Luan, Y.; Qiu, C.; Li, Y.; Kang, W.; Zhang, J.; Liao, Z.; Bi, X. A Highly Packed Biofilm Reactor with Cycle Cleaning for the Efficient Treatment of Rural Wastewater. Water 2021, 13, 369. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13030369
AMA Style
Luan Y, Qiu C, Li Y, Kang W, Zhang J, Liao Z, Bi X. A Highly Packed Biofilm Reactor with Cycle Cleaning for the Efficient Treatment of Rural Wastewater. Water. 2021; 13(3):369. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13030369
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuan, Yanan, Chen Qiu, Yaoxian Li, Weichang Kang, Jianhua Zhang, Zuliang Liao, and Xuejun Bi. 2021. "A Highly Packed Biofilm Reactor with Cycle Cleaning for the Efficient Treatment of Rural Wastewater" Water 13, no. 3: 369. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13030369
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