Effects of Spatial Resolution on the Satellite Observation of Floating Macroalgae Blooms
1
CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
2
Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4
Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao 266100, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Anas Ghadouani
Water 2021, 13(13), 1761; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131761
Received: 6 May 2021 / Revised: 14 June 2021 / Accepted: 22 June 2021 / Published: 25 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Water Quality Monitoring and Assessment in Marine and Coastal Regions)
Satellite images with different spatial resolutions are widely used in the observations of floating macroalgae booms in sea surface. In this study, semi-synchronous satellite images with different resolutions (10 m, 16 m, 30 m, 50 m, 100 m, 250 m and 500 m) acquired over the Yellow Sea, are used to quantitatively assess the effects of spatial resolution on the observation of floating macroalgae blooms of Ulva prolifera. Results indicate that the covering area of macroalgae-mixing pixels (MM-CA) detected from high resolution images is smaller than that from low resolution images; however, the area affected by macroalgae blooms (AA) is larger in high resolution images than in low resolution ones. The omission rates in the MM-CA and the AA increase with the decrease of spatial resolution. These results indicate that satellite remote sensing on the basis of low resolution images (especially, 100 m, 250 m, 500 m), would overestimate the covering area of macroalgae while omit the small patches in the affected zones. To reduce the impacts of overestimation and omission, high resolution satellite images are used to show the seasonal changes of macroalgae blooms in 2018 and 2019 in the Yellow Sea.
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Keywords:
floating macroalgae of Ulva prolifera; seasonal changes; macroalgae coverage; omission rate; satellite images; spatial resolution; the Yellow Sea
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MDPI and ACS Style
Wang, X.; Xing, Q.; An, D.; Meng, L.; Zheng, X.; Jiang, B.; Liu, H. Effects of Spatial Resolution on the Satellite Observation of Floating Macroalgae Blooms. Water 2021, 13, 1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131761
AMA Style
Wang X, Xing Q, An D, Meng L, Zheng X, Jiang B, Liu H. Effects of Spatial Resolution on the Satellite Observation of Floating Macroalgae Blooms. Water. 2021; 13(13):1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131761
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Xinhua, Qianguo Xing, Deyu An, Ling Meng, Xiangyang Zheng, Bo Jiang, and Hailong Liu. 2021. "Effects of Spatial Resolution on the Satellite Observation of Floating Macroalgae Blooms" Water 13, no. 13: 1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13131761
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