Fourier Transform Infrared Polarization Contrast Imaging Recognizes Proteins Degradation in Lungs upon Metastasis from Breast Cancer

Chrabaszcz, Karolina; Kaminska, Katarzyna; Song, Cai Li; Morikawa, Junko; Kujdowicz, Monika; Michalczyk, Ewelina; Smeda, Marta; Stojak, Marta; Jasztal, Agnieszka; Kazarian, Sergei G.; Malek, Kamilla

doi:10.3390/cancers13020162

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Fourier Transform Infrared Polarization Contrast Imaging Recognizes Proteins Degradation in Lungs upon Metastasis from Breast Cancer

^1,†

^1,2,†,

⁴,

^1,5,

¹,

²,

²,

^3,*

and

Kamilla Malek

^1,*

Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2 St., 30-387 Krakow, Poland

Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics, Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14 St., 30-384 Krakow, Poland

Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial London College, South Kensington Campus, London SW72AZ, UK

⁴

School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan

⁵

Department of Pathomorphology, Medical Faculty, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Grzegorzecka 16 St., 31-531 Krakow, Poland

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Both authors should be considered as first authors.

Cancers 2021, 13(2), 162; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13020162

Received: 19 November 2020 / Revised: 18 December 2020 / Accepted: 1 January 2021 / Published: 6 January 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biophotonics and Imaging for Cancer Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring)

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Several lung extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are involved in the formation of a metastatic niche in pulmonary metastasis and they accompany the cancer progression. Its gradual remodeling does not induce compositional changes of its components, but it is related to the re-distribution of individual proteins, their cross-linking and spatial arrangement within the tissue. The combination of FTIR and FTIR polarization contrast (PCI) imaging, as rapid, non-destructive, and label-free techniques, allows for the determination of protein alternations occurring in lungs that are affected by breast cancer metastasis. Both have the potential to characterize biochemical changes of the metastatic target, can determine phenotypes of tissue structures, and deliver a novel spectroscopic marker panel for the recognition of metastasis environment.

Abstract

The current understanding of mechanisms underlying the formation of metastatic tumors has required multi-parametric methods. The tissue micro-environment in secondary organs is not easily evaluated due to complex interpretation with existing tools. Here, we demonstrate the detection of structural modifications in proteins using emerging Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) imaging combined with light polarization. We investigated lungs affected by breast cancer metastasis in the orthotopic murine model from the pre-metastatic phase, through early micro-metastasis, up to an advanced phase, in which solid tumors are developed in lung parenchyma. The two IR-light polarization techniques revealed, for the first time, the orientational ordering of proteins upon the progression of pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer. Their distribution was complemented by detailed histological examination. Polarized contrast imaging recognised tissue structures of lungs and showed deformations in protein scaffolds induced by inflammatory infiltration, fibrosis, and tumor growth. This effect was recognised by not only changes in absorbance of the spectral bands but also by the band shifts and the appearance of new signals. Therefore, we proposed this approach as a useful tool for evaluation of progressive and irreversible molecular changes that occur sequentially in the metastatic process. View Full-Text

Keywords: FTIR imaging; polarization contrast imaging; protein degradation; metastatic niche; micro-metastasis

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Chrabaszcz, K.; Kaminska, K.; Song, C.L.; Morikawa, J.; Kujdowicz, M.; Michalczyk, E.; Smeda, M.; Stojak, M.; Jasztal, A.; Kazarian, S.G.; Malek, K. Fourier Transform Infrared Polarization Contrast Imaging Recognizes Proteins Degradation in Lungs upon Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Cancers 2021, 13, 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13020162

AMA Style

Chrabaszcz K, Kaminska K, Song CL, Morikawa J, Kujdowicz M, Michalczyk E, Smeda M, Stojak M, Jasztal A, Kazarian SG, Malek K. Fourier Transform Infrared Polarization Contrast Imaging Recognizes Proteins Degradation in Lungs upon Metastasis from Breast Cancer. Cancers. 2021; 13(2):162. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13020162

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chrabaszcz, Karolina, Katarzyna Kaminska, Cai Li Song, Junko Morikawa, Monika Kujdowicz, Ewelina Michalczyk, Marta Smeda, Marta Stojak, Agnieszka Jasztal, Sergei G. Kazarian, and Kamilla Malek. 2021. "Fourier Transform Infrared Polarization Contrast Imaging Recognizes Proteins Degradation in Lungs upon Metastasis from Breast Cancer" Cancers 13, no. 2: 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13020162

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Fourier Transform Infrared Polarization Contrast Imaging Recognizes Proteins Degradation in Lungs upon Metastasis from Breast Cancer

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