Micromachines, Volume 12, Issue 4

A fast mixing is critical for subsequent practical development of microfluidic devices, which are often used for assays in the detection of reagents and samples. The present work sets up computational fluid dynamics simulations to explore the flow ch...

Due to the stochastic and time-dependent character of the ice embryo formation and growth (i.e., a process that can be analyzed statistically, but cannot be predicted precisely), the heterogeneous ice nucleation on atmospheric aerosols or macroscopic...

The modern trend of decarbonization has encouraged intensive research on renewable energy (RE)-based distributed power generation (DG) and smart grid, where advanced electronic power interfaces are necessary for connecting the generator with power gr...

Microactuators, which can transform external stimuli into mechanical motion at microscale, have attracted extensive attention because they can be used to construct microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and/or microrobots, resulting in extensive appli...

We present a broad assessment on the studies of optically-trapped single airborne aerosol particles, particularly chemical aerosol particles, using laser technologies. To date, extensive works have been conducted on ensembles of aerosols as well as o...

A flexible Ti/Cr/Ti multilayer strain gauge have been successfully developed based on polyimide substrate. The pure Ti metal strain gauge have shown the hysteresis phenomenon at the relationship between resistance and strain during tensile test. The...

This paper discusses the development of a multi-directional, universal, electromagnetic energy harvester. The device is a ball consisting of two parts: a rigid spherical core with internal tubes, coils and magnets, and a flexible silicone-based shell...

A rapid and single-step method for the fabrication of a zinc selenide (ZnSe) concave microlens array through the high-speed line-scanning of a femtosecond laser pulse is presented. Approximately 1.1 million microlenses, with minimized volume and high...

A new type of wireless passive, high sensitivity, high temperature sensor was designed to meet the real-time temperature test in the harsh aero-engine environment. The sensor consists of a complementary split ring resonator and a substrate integrated...

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting (UVAC) has been regarded as a promising technology to machine difficult-to-machine materials such as tungsten carbide, optical glass, and hardened steel in order to achieve superfinished surfaces. To increase vib...

This work presents a comprehensive comparison of switchable electromechanical transducers in an AlN/GaN heterostructure toward the goal of reconfigurable RF building blocks in next-generation ad hoc radios. The transducers’ inherent switching was ach...

Micro-drilling transparent dielectric materials by using non-diffracting beams impinging orthogonally to the sample can be performed without scanning the beam position along the sample thickness. In this work, the laser micromachining process, based...

In this article, an inkjet-printed circular-shaped monopole ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with an inside-cut feed structure was implemented on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed antenna was designed...

In order to economize injection molded prototypes, additive manufacturing of, e.g., curable plastics based tools, can be employed, which is known as soft tooling. However, one disadvantage of such tools is that the variothermal process, which is need...

This work investigates p⁺n⁻n GaN-on-Si vertical structures, through dedicated measurements and TCAD simulations, with the ultimate goal of identifying possible strategies for leakage and breakdown optimization. First, the dominant leakage processes w...

The rapid and sensitive detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is essential to ensure food safety and protect humans from foodborne diseases. In this study, a sensitive and facile electrochemical immunosensor using AuPdPt trimetallic nanopart...

To use implantable biomedical devices such as electrocardiograms and neurostimulators in the human body, it is necessary to package them with biocompatible materials that protect the internal electronic circuits from the body’s internal electrolytes...

Nonlinear, mechanical microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonating structures exhibit large displacement and a relatively broad operating bandwidth. These unique features make them particularly of interest for the development of MEMS actuators and...

This paper presents the effect of blade type and feeding force during resin-bonded dentin specimen preparation on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test. Forty resin-bonded flat middle dentin specimens were divided into four groups. The specimens...

Two-dimensional (2D) MoS₂ have attracted tremendous attention due to their potential applications in future flexible high-frequency electronics. Bilayer MoS₂ exhibits the advantages of carrier mobility when compared with monolayer mobility, thus maki...

Appropriate use of helmets as industrial personal protective gear is a long-standing challenge. The dilemma for any user wearing a helmet is thermal discomfort versus the chances of head injuries while not wearing it. Applying helmet microclimate psy...

Piezoresistive tactile sensors made using nanocomposite polymeric materials have been shown to possess good flexibility, electrical performance, and sensitivity. However, the sensing performance, especially in the low-pressure range, can be significa...

The technology for stepper drive that can achieve accurate motion in the hydraulic field has always been urgently needed in the industry. This paper proposes a hydraulic stepper drive based on five high speed on/off valves and two miniature plunger c...

Identification and sensing are two of the main tasks a wireless sensor node has to perform in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment. Placing active powered nodes on objects is the most usual approach for the fulfillment of these functions. With the...

An omnidirectional inertial switch with rectangular spring is proposed in this paper, and the prototype has been fabricated by surface micromachining technology. To evaluate the threshold consistency and stability of omnidirectional inertia switch, t...

In recent years, the need for sophisticated human in vitro models for integrative biology has motivated the development of organ-on-a-chip platforms. Organ-on-a-chip devices are engineered to mimic the mechanical, biochemical and physiological proper...

To date, most research regarding amino acid detection and quantification in fingermarks relies on spectrometric methods. Herein, the Sakaguchi colorimetric test was adapted to a rotationally-driven microfluidic platform and used to detect and quantif...

Spin-orbit torque memory is a suitable candidate for next generation nonvolatile magnetoresistive random access memory. It combines high-speed operation with excellent endurance, being particularly promising for application in caches. In this work, a...

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and testing of a novel three-dimensional (3D) three-fingered electrothermal microgripper with multiple degrees of freedom (multi DOFs). Each finger of the microgripper is composed of a V-shaped electrother...

Inspired by exceptional point (EP) sensing in non-Hermitian systems, in this work, a label-free biosensor for detecting low-concentration analytes is proposed, via a special multilayer structure: a resonant optical tunneling resonator. Due to the squ...

Recently, a new frontier in fluid science and engineering at the 1 to 1000 nm scale, called nanofluidics, has developed and provided new methodologies and applications to the fields of chemistry, biology, material sciences, bioengineering, medicine,...

Photothermal actuation of microstructures remains an active area of research for microsystems that demand electrically isolated, remote, on-chip manipulation. In this study, large-deformation structures constructed from thin films traditional to micr...

Wound healing is a complex tissue regeneration process involving many changes in multiple physiological parameters. The pH and temperature of a wound site have long been recognized as important biomarkers for assessing wound healing status. For effec...

Lower warp is required for the single crystal silicon wafers sawn by a fixed diamond wire saw with the thinness of a silicon wafer. The residual stress in the surface layer of the silicon wafer is the primary reason for warp, which is generated by th...

This paper investigates the electroosmotic micromixing of non-Newtonian fluid in a microchannel with wall-mounted obstacles and surface potential heterogeneity on the obstacle surface. In the numerical simulation, the full model consisting of the Nav...

Normally-off p-gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) devices with multi-finger layout were successfully fabricated by use of a self-terminating etching technique with Cl₂/BCl₃/SF₆-mixed gas plasma. This etching technique feat...

This paper explores the effectiveness of the white, red, green, and blue light emitted diodes (LEDs) light sources to detect the third layer of the electrode pixel and the fourth layer of the via-hole passivation on thin-film transistors. The time-de...

A rapid, sensitive and simple microflow cytometry-based agglutination immunoassay (MCIA) was developed for point-of-care (POC) quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies. The antibody concentration was determined by using the transit...

Transdermal vaccination route using biodegradable microneedles is a rapidly progressing field of research and applications. The fear of painful needles is one of the primary reasons most people avoid getting vaccinated. Therefore, developing an alter...

Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technologies have attracted a lot of attention in recent decades, and the harvesters have been applied successfully in various fields, such as buildings, biomechanical and human motions. One important challen...

A new electrochemical platform was suggested for the sensing of the dasatinib (DA) anticancer drug based on paste electrode modification (PE) amplified with Fe₃O₄-SWCNTs nanocomposite and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (mim-BF₄⁻). The...

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs), especially the all-inorganic perovskite NCs, have drawn substantial attention for both fundamental research and device applications in recent years due to their unique optoelectronic properties. To build hig...

Long-term stability is one of the major challenges for p-i-n type perovskite solar modules (PSMs). Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of fully laser-patterned series interconnected p-i-n perovskite mini-modules, in which either single Cu or Ag laye...

Microscale and nanoscale robots, frequently referred to as future cargo systems for targeted drug delivery, can effectively convert magnetic energy into locomotion. However, navigating and imaging them within a complex colloidal vascular system at a...

This paper proposes a temperature threshold triggered energy harvester for potential application of heat-event monitoring. The proposed structure comprises an electricity generation cantilever and a bimetallic cantilever that magnetically attract tog...

Harmonic Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems have attracted significant interest over the last decade as it provides many benefits over the conventional RFID systems. Harmonic RFID is desired over conventional RFID systems due to reduced se...

In this paper, a new method to regulate the correlated color temperature (CCT) of white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is proposed for the single-chip packaging structure, in which the blue light distribution emitted from the chip in the red/yellow pho...

Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) micromirrors have been in development for many years, but the ability to steer beams to angles larger than 20° remains a challenging endeavor. This paper details a MEMS micromirror device capable of achieving lar...

Artificial vascularized tubular liver tissue has perfusable blood vessels that allow fluid access to the tissue interior, enabling the injection of drugs and collection of metabolites, which are valuable for drug discovery. It is amenable to standard...

Considering the further exploration of the ocean, the requirements for deep-sea operation equipment have increased. Many problems existing in the widely used deep-sea hydraulic system have become increasingly prominent. Compared with the traditional...