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Nutrients
Volume 12
Issue 11
10.3390/nu12113456
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Article

Mediterranean Personalized Diet Combined with Physical Activity Therapy for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Italian Women

by
Laura Di Renzo
1,2,*,†,
Giulia Cinelli
3,4,†,
Maria Dri
5,
Paola Gualtieri
1,
Alda Attinà
3,
Claudia Leggeri
3,
Giuseppe Cenname
6,
Ernesto Esposito
7,
Alberto Pujia
2,
Gaetano Chiricolo
2,
Chiara Salimei
8 and
Antonino De Lorenzo
1
1
Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
3
School of Specialization in Food Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
4
Predictive and Preventive Medicine Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
5
Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
6
Comando Generale Arma Carabinieri, Direzione di Sanità, 00197 Rome, Italy
7
Department of Human Policies (General Directorate) of Basilicata Region, 85100 Potenza, Italy
8
Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2020, 12(11), 3456; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113456
Received: 20 October 2020 / Revised: 6 November 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020 / Published: 11 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Chronic Disease Prevention)
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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and inflammatory risk indexes are used to calculate the exposure to morbidity. Most of them are suggested by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association to predict the risk of CVDs diagnosis in primary prevention, instead of treating the ongoing pathology. Prevention starts from habit changes with the prescription of diet and physical activity (PA). The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of a personalized Mediterranean Diet (MD) and a PA intervention, on the risk indexes Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) and Fatty Liver Index (FLI) in a population of women at risk of CVDs with different pathological conditions. After treatment, patients achieved the best results in body composition (BC) and laboratory tests. The BC analysis showed a significant reduction of total body Fat Mass (FM). CVDs risk indexes significantly decreased, except for Neutrophil/Lymphocyte (NLR) and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratios (PLR). The reduction of the CVDs indexes associated with lipid profile was linked to both weight and FM decrease. AIP and LAP were significantly reduced when losing fat mass and body weight, respectively. A personalized MD therapy plus a PA program led to body weight loss, BC remodelling and risk indexes reduction. View Full-Text
Keywords: cardiovascular disease; Mediterranean diet; non-communicable disease; obesity; physical activity cardiovascular disease; Mediterranean diet; non-communicable disease; obesity; physical activity
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MDPI and ACS Style

Di Renzo, L.; Cinelli, G.; Dri, M.; Gualtieri, P.; Attinà, A.; Leggeri, C.; Cenname, G.; Esposito, E.; Pujia, A.; Chiricolo, G.; Salimei, C.; De Lorenzo, A. Mediterranean Personalized Diet Combined with Physical Activity Therapy for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Italian Women. Nutrients 2020, 12, 3456. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113456

AMA Style

Di Renzo L, Cinelli G, Dri M, Gualtieri P, Attinà A, Leggeri C, Cenname G, Esposito E, Pujia A, Chiricolo G, Salimei C, De Lorenzo A. Mediterranean Personalized Diet Combined with Physical Activity Therapy for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Italian Women. Nutrients. 2020; 12(11):3456. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113456

Chicago/Turabian Style

Di Renzo, Laura, Giulia Cinelli, Maria Dri, Paola Gualtieri, Alda Attinà, Claudia Leggeri, Giuseppe Cenname, Ernesto Esposito, Alberto Pujia, Gaetano Chiricolo, Chiara Salimei, and Antonino De Lorenzo. 2020. "Mediterranean Personalized Diet Combined with Physical Activity Therapy for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases in Italian Women" Nutrients 12, no. 11: 3456. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113456

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