Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Ingredient, Oleactiv®, in a Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Golden Syrian Hamster Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Test Supplement
2.2. Design of the Study
2.3. Evaluation of Hepatic Steatosis
2.4. Measurement of Lipid Profile
2.5. Evaluation of Early Atherosclerosis: Aortic Fatty Streak Area (AFSA)
2.6. Evaluation of Cholesterol Efflux Capacity (CEC) of Sera
2.7. Characterization of HDL Particles
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characterization of the Polyphenolic Profile of the Supplement
3.2. Biometric Parameters and Food Intake
3.3. Hepatic Steatosis
3.4. Plasma Lipid Profile
3.5. Aortic Fatty Streak Area (AFSA)
3.6. Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Hamster Plasma
3.7. HDL Particle Characterization
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Standard Diet | High-Fat Diet | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Ingredients | % | kcal/kg Diet | % | kcal/kg Diet |
Casein | 23.60 | 944 | 20.00 | 800 |
L-Methionin | 0.35 | 14 | 3.0 | 12 |
Corn starch | 30.00 | 1200 | 39.30 | 1572 |
Maltodextrin | 3.0 | 120 | 5.3 | 212 |
Sucrose | 29.05 | 1162 | 15.40 | 616 |
Cellulose | 5.0 | 0 | 5.0 | 0 |
Vegetables oil (corn/soy, 1:1) | 4.5 | 405 | 0.0 | 0 |
Hydrogenated coconut oil | 0.0 | 0 | 10.00 | 900 |
Cholesterol | 0.0 | 0 | 0.2 | 18 |
Minerals mix | 3.5 | 0 | 3.5 | 0 |
Vitamins mix | 1.0 | 40 | 1.0 | 40 |
Total | 100 | 3885 | 100 | 4170 |
Compounds | Rt (min) | Λ Max (nm) | Content (g/100 g) |
---|---|---|---|
Gallic acid | 5.4 | 272 | 0.14 ± 0.11 |
Hydroxytyrosol | 12.3 | 280 | 2.93 ± 0.35 |
Procyanidin B1 | 16.6 | 278 | 0.59 ± 0.09 |
Procyanidin-like | 17.3 | 280 | 0.38 ± 0.06 |
Catechin | 19.0 | 280 | 1.39 ± 0.39 |
Chlorogenic acid | 24.4 | 300; 326 | 0.80 ± 0.07 |
Cryptochlorogenic acid | 27.5 | 300; 326 | 0.54 ± 0.04 |
Epicatechin | 33.9 | 278 | 1.01 ± 0.41 |
Flavanol-like | 36.9 | 278 | 0.73 ± 0.13 |
Cynarin | 43.5 | 302; 318 | 0.45 ± 0.07 |
Cynarosid | 87.6 | 348 | 0.99 ± 0.19 |
Oleuropein | 102.4 | 281 | 5.02 ± 0.18 |
Oleuropein-like | 107.4 | 281 | 1.13 ± 0.06 |
STD Group | CTRL Group | OLE Group | |
---|---|---|---|
Body Weight (g) | 99.95 ± 15.11 | 128.73 ± 7.09 **** | 125.01 ± 5.40 (ns) |
Liver Weight (g) | 3.74 ± 0.67 | 7.34 ± 0.85 **** | 7.22 ± 0.76 (ns) |
% Liver/Weight | 3.74 ± 0.32 | 5.70 ± 0.57 **** | 5.77 ± 0.54 (ns) |
Food intake (g/day) | 4.57 ± 0.59 | 6.04 ± 1.07 **** | 6.14 ± 1.26 (ns) |
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Romain, C.; Piemontese, A.; Battista, S.; Bernini, F.; Ossoli, A.; Strazzella, A.; Gaillet, S.; Rouanet, J.-M.; Cases, J.; Zanotti, I. Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Ingredient, Oleactiv®, in a Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Golden Syrian Hamster Model. Nutrients 2018, 10, 1511. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101511
Romain C, Piemontese A, Battista S, Bernini F, Ossoli A, Strazzella A, Gaillet S, Rouanet J-M, Cases J, Zanotti I. Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Ingredient, Oleactiv®, in a Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Golden Syrian Hamster Model. Nutrients. 2018; 10(10):1511. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101511
Chicago/Turabian StyleRomain, Cindy, Antonio Piemontese, Simone Battista, Franco Bernini, Alice Ossoli, Arianna Strazzella, Sylvie Gaillet, Jean-Max Rouanet, Julien Cases, and Ilaria Zanotti. 2018. "Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of a Polyphenol-Rich Ingredient, Oleactiv®, in a Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Golden Syrian Hamster Model" Nutrients 10, no. 10: 1511. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101511