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Sustainability
Volume 8
Issue 6
10.3390/su8060538
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Article

The Effects of Five Forms of Capital on Thought Processes Underlying Water Consumption Behavior in Suburban Vientiane

by
Tatsuya Makino
1,
Keigo Noda
2,*,
Keoduangchai Keokhamphui
3,
Hiromasa Hamada
4,
Kazuo Oki
2 and
Taikan Oki
2
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
2
Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
3
Faculty of Water Resources, National University of Laos, Ban Tadthong, Sikottabong District, Vientiane, Lao PDR
4
Soukphasith Survey-Design and Construction Sole Co., Ltd., Ban Nong Neing, Xaysetha District, Vientiane, Lao PDR
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Vincenzo Torretta
Sustainability 2016, 8(6), 538; https://doi.org/10.3390/su8060538
Received: 29 February 2016 / Revised: 11 May 2016 / Accepted: 1 June 2016 / Published: 6 June 2016
(This article belongs to the Section Environmental Sustainability and Applications)
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Abstract

A community’s water supply is one of its most important infrastructures, as sufficient quality and quantity of water are as much prerequisites for human life as economic development. The rapid urbanization predicted for developing countries will cause serious water shortages in densely populated areas. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR) is taking precautions by planning and developing their water supply infrastructure to ensure reliable supply of water. We used the five capitals model of sustainable livelihoods to capture how a household makes a living and analyzed the effects of five forms of capital (natural, physical, human, financial, and social) on water consumption behaviors from the perspective of the residents’ livelihood. We conducted a survey to gain an understanding of the thought processes behind water consumption behavior in two villages in suburban Vientiane. The results indicated that natural and physical capital delayed connections to the water supply. Financial capital stimulated the purchase of high-quality water in preference to a connection to the water supply. This lack of connection is not necessarily sustainable in the near future, considering ongoing urbanization. Furthermore, this possibility presents a difficult problem, as residents do not usually acknowledge it. To accomplish sustainable development goals, this gap should be overcome. View Full-Text
Keywords: five forms of capital; water supply; groundwater; domestic water; sustainable livelihood framework; Lao PDR five forms of capital; water supply; groundwater; domestic water; sustainable livelihood framework; Lao PDR
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MDPI and ACS Style

Makino, T.; Noda, K.; Keokhamphui, K.; Hamada, H.; Oki, K.; Oki, T. The Effects of Five Forms of Capital on Thought Processes Underlying Water Consumption Behavior in Suburban Vientiane. Sustainability 2016, 8, 538. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8060538

AMA Style

Makino T, Noda K, Keokhamphui K, Hamada H, Oki K, Oki T. The Effects of Five Forms of Capital on Thought Processes Underlying Water Consumption Behavior in Suburban Vientiane. Sustainability. 2016; 8(6):538. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8060538

Chicago/Turabian Style

Makino, Tatsuya, Keigo Noda, Keoduangchai Keokhamphui, Hiromasa Hamada, Kazuo Oki, and Taikan Oki. 2016. "The Effects of Five Forms of Capital on Thought Processes Underlying Water Consumption Behavior in Suburban Vientiane" Sustainability 8, no. 6: 538. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8060538

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