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Renewable Energy for Sustainable Development
Article

Numerical Analysis of Enhanced Conductive Deep Borehole Heat Exchangers

1
Energy and Power, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
2
Earth Sciences Division 90-1116, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 95720, USA
3
James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G13 8QQ, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Alessandro Franco
Sustainability 2021, 13(12), 6918; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126918
Received: 12 May 2021 / Revised: 11 June 2021 / Accepted: 13 June 2021 / Published: 19 June 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulations and Optimization of Renewable Energy Systems)
Geothermal energy is a reliable and mature energy source, but it represents less than 1% of the total renewable energy mix. While the enhanced geothermal system (EGS) concept faces technical validation challenges and suffers from public acceptance issues, the development of unconventional deep-well designs can help to improve their efficiency and reliability. Modelling single-EGS-well designs is key to assessing their long-term thermal performances, particularly in unconventional geological settings. Numerical results obtained with the T2WELL/EOS1 code have been validated with available experimental data from a deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE), where a temperature of 358 C has been measured at a depth of 1962 m. Based on a calibrated model, the thermal performances of two enhanced thermal conductive DBHEs with graphite were compared for high geothermal gradients. The analysis highlights the potential recovery of a variable fraction of vapour. Graphite used along the well appears to be the most suitable solution to enhance the thermal output by 5 to 8% when compared to conventional wells. The theoretical implementation of such well in the Newberry volcano field was investigated with a single and doublet DBHE. The findings provide a robust methodology to assess alternative engineering solutions to current geothermal practices. View Full-Text
Keywords: deep borehole heat exchanger; T2Well; unconventional geothermal energy; graphite deep borehole heat exchanger; T2Well; unconventional geothermal energy; graphite
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MDPI and ACS Style

Renaud, T.; Pan, L.; Doran, H.; Falcone, G.; Verdin, P.G. Numerical Analysis of Enhanced Conductive Deep Borehole Heat Exchangers. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6918. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126918

AMA Style

Renaud T, Pan L, Doran H, Falcone G, Verdin PG. Numerical Analysis of Enhanced Conductive Deep Borehole Heat Exchangers. Sustainability. 2021; 13(12):6918. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126918

Chicago/Turabian Style

Renaud, Theo, Lehua Pan, Hannah Doran, Gioia Falcone, and Patrick G. Verdin 2021. "Numerical Analysis of Enhanced Conductive Deep Borehole Heat Exchangers" Sustainability 13, no. 12: 6918. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126918

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