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Article

Development and Characterization of “Green Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams” with Reduced Flammability

1
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
2
Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, V.v.i., Heyrovský Sq. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
3
Department of Chemical, Biological and Aerosol Hazards, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, Czerniakowska 16, 00-701 Warszawa, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Materials 2020, 13(23), 5459; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13235459
Received: 18 October 2020 / Revised: 24 November 2020 / Accepted: 27 November 2020 / Published: 30 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmentally Friendly Materials in Construction)
This work presents the cell structure and selected properties of polyurethane (PUR) foams, based on two types of hydroxylated used cooking oil and additionally modified with three different flame retardants. Bio-polyols from municipal waste oil with different chemical structures were obtained by transesterification with triethanolamine (UCO_TEA) and diethylene glycol (UCO_DEG). Next, these bio-polyols were used to prepare open-cell polyurethane foams of very low apparent densities for thermal insulation applications. In order to obtain foams with reduced flammability, the PUR systems were modified with different amounts (10–30 parts per hundred polyol by weight—php) of flame retardants: TCPP (tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate), TEP (triethyl phosphate), and DMPP (dimethyl propylphosphonate). The flame retardants caused a decrease of the PUR formulations reactivity. The apparent densities of all the foams were comparable in the range 12–15 kg/m3. The lowest coefficients of thermal conductivity were measured for the open-cell PUR foams modified with DMPP. The lowest values of heat release rate were found for the foams based on the UCO_TEA and UCO_DEG bio-polyols that were modified with 30 php of DMPP. View Full-Text
Keywords: open-cell polyurethane foams; bio-polyol; spray foams; flammability; bio-foams open-cell polyurethane foams; bio-polyol; spray foams; flammability; bio-foams
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kurańska, M.; Beneš, H.; Sałasińska, K.; Prociak, A.; Malewska, E.; Polaczek, K. Development and Characterization of “Green Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams” with Reduced Flammability. Materials 2020, 13, 5459. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13235459

AMA Style

Kurańska M, Beneš H, Sałasińska K, Prociak A, Malewska E, Polaczek K. Development and Characterization of “Green Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams” with Reduced Flammability. Materials. 2020; 13(23):5459. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13235459

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kurańska, Maria, Hynek Beneš, Kamila Sałasińska, Aleksander Prociak, Elżbieta Malewska, and Krzysztof Polaczek. 2020. "Development and Characterization of “Green Open-Cell Polyurethane Foams” with Reduced Flammability" Materials 13, no. 23: 5459. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13235459

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