Application of Finite Element Analysis in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—A Literature Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Trauma Surgery
4. Orthognathic Surgery
5. Reconstructive Surgery
6. Implantology
7. Limitations and Future Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author Year Reference | Anatomical Structure Modeled | Software Used | Study Design | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Perestrelo (2016) [11] | Skull based on CT scan | InVesalius Rhinoceros Hypermesh | Simulation of a blowout fracture | Potentially weak areas to traumatic situation were revealed |
Bezerra (2013) [12] | Mandibles with and without erupted third molars based on CT scans | ScanIP ANSYS 13 | Simulation of a punch on the mandible | The mandibular angle becomes more fragile in the presence of third molars |
Szücs (2010) [13] | Mandible with impacted third molars based on CBCT scan | Mimics ANSYS | Simulation of the extraction of the right impacted third molar with or without cortical bone removal | There is a possibility of mandible fracture during or after the extraction if large quantities of bone are removed |
Santos (2014) [15] | Elderly edentulous mandible based on CT scan | InVesalius 3.0b Rhinoceros 5.0 ANSYS 14 | Simulation of a traumatic load of 700 N applied to three different regions of the mandible | Potentially weak areas to traumatic situation were revealed |
Wanyura (2011) [16] | Skull based on commercially available geometric 3D model | ANSYS 12.1 | Simulations of isolated orbital floor fractures | Potentially weak areas to traumatic situation were revealed |
Schaller (2011) [17] | Heads based on CT scans | Vworks 4.0 ANSYS 12 | Simulation of a transient collision of two heads; results compared to a typical real patient case | Potentially weak areas to traumatic situation were revealed; the comparison with the real case revealed an identical fracture pattern |
Levadnyi (2018) [23] | Head based on magnetic resonance images MRI | Mimics Abaqus 6.14 | Investigation of a protective helmet effect in a simulation of the dynamic impact of a human head | A method to provide recommendations for protective helmet manufacturing was developed |
Li (2019) [24] | 3- and 4-month-old child heads based on CT scans | Hexotic LS-Dyna 971 | Reconstruction of two suspected child abuse cases | The potential of FEA to explain the skull fracture patterns in the forensic investigation was demonstrated |
Joshi (2018) [25] | Mandible based on CT scan | Geomagic ANSYS Workbench | Comparison of mono- and bicortical miniplate fixation in parasymphysis mandible fracture | The conclusion that both mono- and bicortical fixation provide sufficient lingual stability was reached |
Park (2020) [26] | Mandible based on CBCT scan | SolidWorks Hypermesh Abaqus | Comparison of different fixation system materials at a unilateral mandibular fracture | The potential of biodegradable fixation materials was presented and the need for the preclinical evaluation of their efficacy was indicated |
Joshi (2014) [27] | Mandible based on CT scan | Geomagic Unigraphics ANSYS Workbench | Comparison of different numbers, locations and design types of fixation with miniplates | The superior position of miniplates produced better stability than the inferior position; the number of screws did not affect fracture stability |
Author Year Reference | Anatomical Structure Modeled | Software Used | Study Design | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Stróżyk (2011) [37] | Mandible based on polyurethane model scan divided according to the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) line | - | Comparison of three fixation methods used in BSSO | Bicortical screw fixation demonstrates the best rigidity after BSSO |
Gorashi (2019) [38] | Mandible based on CT scan divided according to the BSSO line | Mimics 17.0 Abaqus Geomagic 12.0 ANSYS | Comparison of the three most common fixation methods used in BSSO | Triangular screw fixation is better than one or two parallel plates |
Hassan (2018) [39] | Mandible based on CT scan divided according to the BSSO line | Netfabb Rhinoceros Solidworks | Comparison of three fixation methods used in BSSO | The 1.7 mm miniplate has adequate strength to be used in BSSO, although it is less rigid when compared to the conventional 2.0 mm miniplate and 2.0 mm bi-cortical screws |
Fuji (2017) [41] | Midface based on preoperative CT scan of patients diagnosed with prognathism | Mechanical Finder 6.2 OsiriX | Comparison of the pterygomaxillary dysjunction patterns predicted by FEA models with postoperative CT images and evaluation of extending the cutting line to predict the risk of pterygoid process fracture | FEA can be used to predict pterygomaxillary disjunction patterns during LFI-non-COSep and provides useful information for selecting safer procedures during LFI-non-COSep |
De Assis (2014) [42] | Maxilla based on CT scan of a patient diagnosed with transverse maxillary deficiency | FEMAP 10.1.1 NEi Nastran | Comparison of four different types of surgically assisted palatal expansion (SARPE) osteotomies (with or without a step in zygomaticomaxillary buttress and with or without the pterygomaxillary disjunction) | Steps in the zygomaticomaxillary buttress and the pterygomaxillary disjunction decrease the harmful dissipation of tensions during SARPE |
Chabanas (2002) [43] | Face based on preoperative CT scan | - | Presentation of a computer-aided maxillofacial sequence applied to othognathic surgery | The aesthetic surgical outcomes of bone repositioning can be studied with a biomechanical finite element soft tissue model |
Knoops (2019) [45] | Face based on preoperative CT scan | Dolphin ProPlan CMF PFEM | Comparison of the prediction accuracy of four programs for 3D surgical planning | PFEM and ProPlan equally provide accurate soft tissue prediction and could be useful at the time of preoperative patient communication |
Author Year Reference | Structures Modeled | Software Used | Study Design | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Tie (2006) [46] | Mandibles reconstructed with different autogenous grafts based on CT scans of mandible, fibula and iliac crest | MedGraphics ANSYS 6.1 | Investigation of the biomechanics of the mandible following reconstruction with autogenous bone grafts | Mandibles repaired with iliac crest grafts have more mechanical properties similar to normal than those repaired with fibula grafts |
Cheng (2018) [47] | Edentulous mandibles with and without fibular graft based on CBCT scan | Mimics 16.0 3-matic 8.0 Geomagic 12 Abaqus 6.13 | Evaluation of stress distribution and displacement of reconstructed and intact mandible under occlusal loading | The fibular graft placed at the intermediate location has the best biomechanics and provides favorable conditions for subsequent prosthetic reconstruction |
Gutwald (2017) [48] | Mandible based on scan of synthetic model of mandible after resection and reconstruction | CADFEM ANSYS 15.0 OptiSLang | Comparison of the biomechanical performance of customized and standard mandibular reconstruction plates | Customized mandibular reconstruction plates have a better biomechanical performance than manually bent stock reconstruction plates |
Moiduddin (2017) [49] | Mandible based on CT scan followed by virtual tumor resection and porous plate reconstruction | Mimics 17 3-Matic Geomagic ANSYS 17 | Presentation of an integrated framework model for the design and analysis of a customized porous reconstruction plate | FEA reveals that the designed porous plate can withstand the chewing load conditions and provides good stability |
Luo (2017) [50] | Mandible based on CT scan with virtual resection, titanium scaffold and bone graft material reconstruction | Mimics 10.01 Geomagic ANSYS 14.0 | Designing and optimizing a three-dimensional tetrahedral titanium scaffold for the reconstruction of mandibular defects | Tetrahedral structural titanium scaffolds are feasible structures for repairing mandibular defects |
Hu (2019) [51] | Edentulous mandible based on CBCT and with designed grafts | Mimics 16.0 Geomagic 12 Abaqus 6.13 | Comparison of mechanical behavior of topological optimized grafts with round and square grafts | The topological optimized graft had the best mechanical properties |
Author Year Reference | Structures Modeled | Software Used | Study Design | Major Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|
Memari (2020) [53] | Computer-aided design (CAD)-simplified edentulous mandible and overdenture with bar and clip supported with two short or two long implants | Abaqus 6.1 | Comparison of stress distribution around short (6 mm) and long (10 mm) implants in tow mandibular implant-supported overdentures | Using implants with different lengths in mandibular overdenture caused no major changes in stress distribution in peri-implant bone |
Zhang (2016) [54] | Mandible based on CT scan and two types of CAD dental implants | Unigraphics NX 4.0 ANSYS Workbench 14.0 | Evaluation of the stress distribution characteristics of 12 types of dental implants and surrounding bone with various abutments, implant threads and healing methods under different amounts of concentrated loading | A dental implant system characterized by a straight abutment, rectangle tooth and nonsubmerged healing may provide minimum value for the implant–bone interface |
Wu (2019) [55] | Edentulous mandible based on synthetic jawbone model of CBCT and CAD implants, abutments and framework | Mimics 15.0 SolidWorks 2017 ANSYS Workbench | Evaluation of the all-on-four treatment with four osseointegrated implants in terms of the biomechanical effects of implant design and loading position on the implant and surrounding bone | For all-on-four treatment with four osseointegrated dental implants, altering the implant design does not appear to affect the biomechanical performance of the entire treatment |
Lee (2019) [56] | CAD bone blocks and four types of implant components | 3-Matic 9.0 Abaqus 6.14 FE-Safe 6.5 | Evaluation of the stress and strain distribution of short implants and surrounding bone under loading conditions with four different connections | The abutment of the internal bone level showed the highest stress of the implant component |
Ishak (2012) [57] | Maxilla and the zygomatic bone based on CT and CAD zygomatic implants and acrylic denture | Mimics 10.01 SolidWorks 2009 Abaqus | Comparison of two different types of surgical approaches, intrasinus and extramaxillary, for the placement of zygomatic implants in atrophic maxillae | The intrasinus approach demonstrates more satisfactory results |
Schuller-Gotzburg (2018) [60] | Left maxilla based on CT scan and CAD bone graft and implant | 3-Matic 5.1 SolidWorks 2010 ANSYS 13.0 | Evaluation of the influence of an augmented sinus lift with additional inserted bone grafting | The low bone graft block position is associated with lower stress distribution in compact bone |
Reference | Model | Database | Young’s Modulus (MPa) | Poisson’s Ratio | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cortical Bone | Cancellous Bone | Cortical Bone | Cancellous Bone | |||
Wanyura [16] | Skull | 3D model | 18,000 | - | 0.22 | - |
Santos [15] | Mandible | CT scan | 13,700 | 1370 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Schaller [17] | Head (detailed) | CT scan | * | - | 0.326 | - |
Head (simplified) | CT scan | 13,500 | - | 0.32 | - | |
Perestrelo [11] | Head | CT scan | 13,700 | - | 0.35 | - |
Szucs [13] | Mandible | CBCT scan | * | * | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Tie [46] | Mandible | CT scan | 15,000 | 1500 | 0.33 | 0.3 |
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Lisiak-Myszke, M.; Marciniak, D.; Bieliński, M.; Sobczak, H.; Garbacewicz, Ł.; Drogoszewska, B. Application of Finite Element Analysis in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—A Literature Review. Materials 2020, 13, 3063. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13143063
Lisiak-Myszke M, Marciniak D, Bieliński M, Sobczak H, Garbacewicz Ł, Drogoszewska B. Application of Finite Element Analysis in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—A Literature Review. Materials. 2020; 13(14):3063. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13143063
Chicago/Turabian StyleLisiak-Myszke, Magdalena, Dawid Marciniak, Marek Bieliński, Hanna Sobczak, Łukasz Garbacewicz, and Barbara Drogoszewska. 2020. "Application of Finite Element Analysis in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery—A Literature Review" Materials 13, no. 14: 3063. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13143063