Supplementary Materials : Creating an Energy Analysis Concept for Oil and Gas Companies : The Case of the Yakutiya Company in Russia

1 School of Business Administration, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China; 2016317004@student.cup.edu.cn (J.Y.); alinamv@bk.ru (A.S.) 2 Stroygazconsulting (SGC) Company, Tashakentskaya Street, St. Petersburg 196084, Russia; anton.new@mail.ru 3 The Laboratory of Examinations of licenses and license agreements, All-Russia Petroleum Research Exploration Institute (VNIGRI), Saint-Petersburg 191014, Russia; nii@vnigri.ru * Correspondence: fly@cup.edu.cn

. Figure S1.General information of JSC Yakutsk Fuel and Energy Company.

Data About Rocs and Erocs Calculation
For the calculation of ROCS, it is necessary to have two kinds of data, one is the dynamics of net profit, the other is dynamics of cost of sales.These data are available in open annual financial statements of the company (Table S1).Calculation of ROCS is made using Equation (5).549,882 1,602,548 2,165,852 2,325,134 2,237,946 For the calculation of EROCS, it is necessary to have two kinds of data.The first one is the dynamics of gas production and condensate, and the second one is the dynamics of energy costs.During the reporting periods, the company consumed the following five types of energy resources: electric power, heat power, natural gas, motor fuel, and methanol as follows Figure S2.
Figure S2．Schematically shows the flows of produced and consumed energy gas.
At the stage of extracting, gas electricity and heat power are used by installations.The generated energy is complex for installations on the process of preparation of hydrocarbon, installation of gas condensate, and in office and production space areas.At the same time, costs of electricity and heat will be considered based on the volume of gas used to produce them.Methanol is used for prevention of hydrate formation in wells.In this paper we will consider methanol as energy resource and consider its specific heat of combustion.Besides, automobile gasoline and diesel fuel are used to trade all types of works.The accounting of these energy resources will also be carried out from the specific heat of combustion.Besides offices and production departments at the gas fields, the company owns other offices in other cities.For the needs of these offices also purchased electric and thermal energy.The inclusion of these energy costs will be based on the average specific fuel consumption for generation in Russia, Table S2.Method of calculation of EROCS is as follows.The first step is to convert all types of energy consumption to cubic meters using the conversion rates.The second step is to calculate EROCS according to Equation (6).The third step is to determine the numerator of the formula, taking the amount of implemented energy equivalent of gas and condensate.The fourth step is to determine the denominator of the formula, that is the sum of the energy equivalent the primary energy expended in the production of electric and heat power, as well as the energy equivalent of methanol, gasoline, and diesel fuel.The fifth step is to calculate the net costs of the primary energy source for the production of electricity and heat by multiplying the energy expended in specific fuel consumption for generation of the corresponding type of energy.

Data about ROFA and EROFA Calculation
To calculate ROFA required data of net profit and the cost of fixed assets.The information can be found in open financial records as follows (Table S3).The EROFA calculation is made using the energy equivalent of each fixed assets object.The energy equivalent should produce the same operations as a monetary value.Additionally, the operation of the revaluation is under the energy equivalent.This means that production of each object had spent a certain amount of energy and materials.Therefore, to overestimate the energy equivalent is impossible.However, determination on the energy equivalent of property, plant, and equipment is a large independent scientific problem.For example, in order to determining the energy equivalent of a tractor, we should know the energy costs on the entire chain from mining ore and smelting steel to the energy consumption for parts and final assembly production.These works were carried out earlier.Therefore, we will make a simplified calculation using only the energy equivalent of major structural materials-steel, cement, and aluminum-in this paper.The EROFA calculation of the accrued depreciation is not difficult given the energy equivalent of each object.When we assign not only the value but also the energy, the calculation EROFA can be done as easily as ROFA.However, currently this is not done.Information about the movement of assets individually is confidential and usually is not provided in open sources.Therefore, it is only possible to calculate one value for EROFA (at the end of 2014).Data for calculating EROFA is presented in Table S4.We have information on accumulated depreciation for each facility.Therefore, the depreciation will be credited with the average for all objects based on a percentage of the initial and residual value of the fixed assets provided in the financial annual report.During the reporting period objects of fixed assets as the following operations are generally made: (1) acquisition and registration, (2) leaving and removal from balance, (3) depreciation charge, and (4) revaluation.As a result, the total value of cost of fixed assets is calculated at the end of the period.

Data about the Specific Cost and Energy Efficiency of Gas Extraction
Generally, for the raising of hydrocarbons on a surface, the pump, compressor equipment, and auxiliary materials is used a different look.These expenses, including power, depend on geological conditions, quality of stocks, and energy efficiency of the equipment.In a case with the considered fields of a condition of a bedding allow for the conduction of gas production and its transportation through the main pipeline using only sheeted energy without the compressor and pump equipment.However, methanol is filled in to prevent hydrate formation in wells.In fact, it is the only essential look which is made directly on the mouth of a well.Data that are necessary for determining the specific cost of extraction of gas and condensate are as follows: (1) the volume of the extracted gas, and (2) expenses on acquisition and delivery of methanol, Table S5.Calculation of an indicator is made via the division of expenses on hydrocarbon extraction into volume of the realized gas.Calculation of energy efficiency of hydrocarbon extraction is made via a division of an energy equivalent of the realized gas into an energy equivalent of the used methanol.

Data about specific cost and energy efficiency of gas extraction and preparation
These indicators include costs of the mouth of a well plus costs of collecting and preparation of gas on special installations.Data for calculation of these indicators are as follows: (1) the volume of the extracted gas, (2) expenses on acquisition and delivery of methanol, and (3) energy consumption on complex preparation of gas.All necessary data are provided in Tables S5 and S6.

Data about specific capital expenses and energy efficiency of capital expenditure for exploration and production.
Data that are necessary for the indicator calculation as follows: (1) energy consumption and material costs on drilling of new wells, acquisition of the new equipment and buildings of new production objects; (2) energy consumption and costs of materials on carrying out search and prospecting works; and (3) energy consumption and material costs on workover and the equipment.
Large oil and gas companies continuously invest in searching of new fields in order to maintain and increase current production level.However, this situation in the Yakutsk fuel and energy company is a little different.It misses the opportunity to export gas outside due to the fact that the natural gas market in the Republic is limited.Therefore, currently the level of gas reserves is sufficient to meet consumption levels for decades.This means capital investment is minimal.Capital investment is limited to replacement of the equipment, overhaul of wells, the costs of the exploration works, and drilling of exploration wells on new license areas (Table S6).

Table S1 .
Dynamics of net profit and cost of sales of JSC Yakutsk.

Table S2 .
Dynamics of hydrocarbons extraction and energy consumption in JSC Yakutsk Fuel and Energy Company.

Table S3 .
ROFA data given for calculation.

Table S4 .
Assets of JSC "YATEC" at the end of 2014 to calculate EROFA.

Table S5 .
Volumes of realization of gas and expenses on acquisitions and delivery of methanol.

Table S6 .
Material costs, energy consumption, and total capital costs of exploration and production of JSC Yakutsk fuel and energy company.